1
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Price NPJ, Jackson MA, Hartman TM, Bannantine JP, Naumann TA, Vermillion KE, Koch AA, Kennedy PD. Precursor-Directed Biosynthesis and Biological Testing of omega-Alicyclic- and neo-Branched Tunicamycin N-Acyl Variants. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2267-2280. [PMID: 37788216 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tunicamycins (TUNs) are Streptomyces-derived natural products, widely used to block protein N-glycosylation in eukaryotes or cell wall biosynthesis in bacteria. Modified or synthetic TUN analogues that uncouple these activities have considerable potential as novel mode-of-action antibacterial agents. Chemically modified TUNs reported previously with attenuated activity on yeast have pinpointed eukaryotic-specific chemophores in the uridyl group and the N-acyl chain length and terminal branching pattern. A small molecule screen of fatty acid biosynthetic primers identified several novel alicyclic- and neo-branched TUN N-acyl variants, with primer incorporation at the terminal omega-acyl position. TUNs with unique 5- and 6-carbon ω-cycloalkane and ω-cycloalkene acyl chains are produced under fermentation and in yields comparable with the native TUN. The purification, structural assignments, and the comparable antimicrobial properties of 15 of these compounds are reported, greatly extending the structural diversity of this class of compounds for potential medicinal and agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil P J Price
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Product Technology Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Michael A Jackson
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Product Technology Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Trina M Hartman
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Product Technology Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - John P Bannantine
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, 1920 Dayton Ave., Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Todd A Naumann
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Product Technology Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Karl E Vermillion
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Product Technology Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, Illinois 61604, United States
| | - Aaron A Koch
- Cayman Chemical, 1180 E. Ellsworth Rd., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, United States
| | - Paul D Kennedy
- Cayman Chemical, 1180 E. Ellsworth Rd., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, United States
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2
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Suttapitugsakul S, Matsumoto Y, Aryal RP, Cummings RD. Large-Scale and Site-Specific Mapping of the Murine Brain O-Glycoproteome with IMPa. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13423-13430. [PMID: 37624755 PMCID: PMC10501376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Altered protein glycosylation is typically associated with cognitive defects and other phenotypes, but there is a lack of knowledge about the brain glycoproteome. Here, we used the newly available O-glycoprotease IMPa from Pseudomonas aeruginosa for comprehensive O-glycoproteomic analyses of the mouse brain. In this approach, total tryptic glycopeptides were prepared, extracted, purified, and conjugated to a solid support before an enzymatic cleavage by IMPa. O-glycopeptides were analyzed by electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation (EThcD), which permits site-specific and global analysis of all types of O-glycans. We developed two complementary approaches for the analysis of the total O-glycoproteome using HEK293 cells and derivatives. The results demonstrated that IMPa and EThcD facilitate the confident localization of O-glycans on glycopeptides. We then applied these approaches to characterize the O-glycoproteome of the mouse brain, which revealed the high frequency of various sialylated O-glycans along with the unusual presence of the Tn antigen. Unexpectedly, the results demonstrated that glycoproteins in the brain O-glycoproteome only partly overlap with those reported for the brain N-glycoproteome. These approaches will aid in identifying the novel O-glycoproteomes of different cells and tissues and foster clinical and translational insights into the functions of protein O-glycosylation in the brain and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suttipong Suttapitugsakul
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | | | - Rajindra P. Aryal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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3
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Lee HF, Chi CS. Congenital disorders of glycosylation and infantile epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 142:109214. [PMID: 37086590 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a group of rare inherited metabolic disorders caused by defects in various defects of protein or lipid glycosylation pathways. The symptoms and signs of CDG usually develop in infancy. Epilepsy is commonly observed in CDG individuals and is often a presenting symptom. These epilepsies can present across the lifespan, share features of refractoriness to antiseizure medications, and are often associated with comorbid developmental delay, psychomotor regression, intellectual disability, and behavioral problems. In this review, we discuss CDG and infantile epilepsy, focusing on an overview of clinical manifestations and electroencephalographic features. Finally, we propose a tiered approach that will permit a clinician to systematically investigate and identify CDG earlier, and furthermore, to provide genetic counseling for the family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Fen Lee
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, 145, Xingda Rd., Taichung 402, Taiwan; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650, Taiwan Boulevard Sec. 4, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Shiang Chi
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 1650, Taiwan Boulevard Sec. 4, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
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4
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Walber S, Partalidou G, Gerling‐Driessen UIM. NGLY1 Deficiency: A Rare Genetic Disorder Unlocks Therapeutic Potential for Common Diseases. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Walber
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Georgia Partalidou
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
| | - Ulla I. M. Gerling‐Driessen
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf Germany
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5
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Zhang X, Cong R, Geng T, Zhang J, Liu D, Tian Q, Meng X, Song M, Wu L, Zheng D, Wang W, Wang B, Wang Y. Assessment of the Causal Effects of IgG N-Glycosylation Level on Risk of Dementia: A 2-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:1435-1441. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Previous prospective studies highlighted aberrant immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation as a risk factor for dementia [such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD)]. It is unclear whether this association is causal or explained by confounding or reverse causation. Objective: The aim is to examine the association of genetically predicted IgG N-glycosylation with dementia using 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: Independent genetic variants for IgG N-glycosylation traits were selected as instrument variables from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) among individuals of European ancestry. We extracted their corresponding summary statistics from large-scale clinically diagnosed AD GWAS dataset and FinnGen biobank VaD GWAS dataset. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) was performed to calculate the effect estimates. Meanwhile, multiple sensitivity analyses were used to assess horizontal pleiotropy and outliers. Results: There were no associations of genetically predicted IgG N-glycosylation traits with the risk of AD and VaD using the IVW method (all p > 0.0013). These estimates of four additional sensitivity analyses methods were consistent with the IVW estimates in terms of direction and magnitude. Additionally, the MR-PRESSO global test and the intercept of MR-Egger regression indicated no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy. Meanwhile, the heterogeneity test showed no significant heterogeneity using the Cochran Q statistic. The leave-one-out sensitivity analyses also did not detect any significant change. Conclusion: Our MR study did not support evidence for the hypothesis that IgG N-glycosylation level may be causally associated with the risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruyi Cong
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Tao Geng
- Geriatric Department, Emergency General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Liu
- Centre for Biomedical Information Technology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuyue Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoni Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Manshu Song
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Deqiang Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Centre for Precision Health, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Baoguo Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Youxin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
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6
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Galosi S, Edani BH, Martinelli S, Hansikova H, Eklund EA, Caputi C, Masuelli L, Corsten-Janssen N, Srour M, Oegema R, Bosch DGM, Ellis CA, Amlie-Wolf L, Accogli A, Atallah I, Averdunk L, Barañano KW, Bei R, Bagnasco I, Brusco A, Demarest S, Alaix AS, Di Bonaventura C, Distelmaier F, Elmslie F, Gan-Or Z, Good JM, Gripp K, Kamsteeg EJ, Macnamara E, Marcelis C, Mercier N, Peeden J, Pizzi S, Pannone L, Shinawi M, Toro C, Verbeek NE, Venkateswaran S, Wheeler PG, Zdrazilova L, Zhang R, Zorzi G, Guerrini R, Sessa WC, Lefeber DJ, Tartaglia M, Hamdan FF, Grabińska KA, Leuzzi V. De novo DHDDS variants cause a neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder with myoclonus. Brain 2022; 145:208-223. [PMID: 34382076 PMCID: PMC8967098 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcellular membrane systems are highly enriched in dolichol, whose role in organelle homeostasis and endosomal-lysosomal pathway remains largely unclear besides being involved in protein glycosylation. DHDDS encodes for the catalytic subunit (DHDDS) of the enzyme cis-prenyltransferase (cis-PTase), involved in dolichol biosynthesis and dolichol-dependent protein glycosylation in the endoplasmic reticulum. An autosomal recessive form of retinitis pigmentosa (retinitis pigmentosa 59) has been associated with a recurrent DHDDS variant. Moreover, two recurring de novo substitutions were detected in a few cases presenting with neurodevelopmental disorder, epilepsy and movement disorder. We evaluated a large cohort of patients (n = 25) with de novo pathogenic variants in DHDDS and provided the first systematic description of the clinical features and long-term outcome of this new neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder. The functional impact of the identified variants was explored by yeast complementation system and enzymatic assay. Patients presented during infancy or childhood with a variable association of neurodevelopmental disorder, generalized epilepsy, action myoclonus/cortical tremor and ataxia. Later in the disease course, they experienced a slow neurological decline with the emergence of hyperkinetic and/or hypokinetic movement disorder, cognitive deterioration and psychiatric disturbances. Storage of lipidic material and altered lysosomes were detected in myelinated fibres and fibroblasts, suggesting a dysfunction of the lysosomal enzymatic scavenger machinery. Serum glycoprotein hypoglycosylation was not detected and, in contrast to retinitis pigmentosa and other congenital disorders of glycosylation involving dolichol metabolism, the urinary dolichol D18/D19 ratio was normal. Mapping the disease-causing variants into the protein structure revealed that most of them clustered around the active site of the DHDDS subunit. Functional studies using yeast complementation assay and in vitro activity measurements confirmed that these changes affected the catalytic activity of the cis-PTase and showed growth defect in yeast complementation system as compared with the wild-type enzyme and retinitis pigmentosa-associated protein. In conclusion, we characterized a distinctive neurodegenerative disorder due to de novo DHDDS variants, which clinically belongs to the spectrum of genetic progressive encephalopathies with myoclonus. Clinical and biochemical data from this cohort depicted a condition at the intersection of congenital disorders of glycosylation and inherited storage diseases with several features akin to of progressive myoclonus epilepsy such as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis and other lysosomal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Galosi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Ban H Edani
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Simone Martinelli
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 12808, Czech Republic
| | - Erik A Eklund
- Section for Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund 22184, Sweden
| | - Caterina Caputi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Nicole Corsten-Janssen
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen 9700, The Netherlands
| | - Myriam Srour
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Renske Oegema
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle G M Bosch
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Colin A Ellis
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Louise Amlie-Wolf
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nemours/A I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Andrea Accogli
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Isis Atallah
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Averdunk
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Kristin W Barañano
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome 00133, Italy
| | - Irene Bagnasco
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Epilepsy Center for Children, Martini Hospital, Turin 10128, Italy
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino & Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin 10126, Italy
| | - Scott Demarest
- Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anne-Sophie Alaix
- Hopital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades APHP, Paris 75015, France
| | | | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Frances Elmslie
- South West Thames Regional Genetics Service, St. George's Healthcare NHS Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0C7, Canada
| | - Jean-Marc Good
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Karen Gripp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Nemours/A I duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Macnamara
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2152, USA
| | - Carlo Marcelis
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Noëlle Mercier
- Service d'Epileptologie et Médecine du handicap, Hôpital Neurologique, Institution de Lavigny, Lavigny 1175, Switzerland
| | - Joseph Peeden
- East Tennessee Children's Hospital, University of Tennessee Department of Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA
| | - Simone Pizzi
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Luca Pannone
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Marwan Shinawi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Camilo Toro
- Undiagnosed Diseases Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-2152, USA
| | - Nienke E Verbeek
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Sunita Venkateswaran
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | | | - Lucie Zdrazilova
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague 12808, Czech Republic
| | - Rong Zhang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- AOU Meyer, Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence, Florence 50139, Italy
| | - William C Sessa
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Tartaglia
- Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Fadi F Hamdan
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T1C5, Canada
| | - Kariona A Grabińska
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Vincenzo Leuzzi
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome 00185, Italy
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7
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The evolving genetic landscape of congenital disorders of glycosylation. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129976. [PMID: 34358634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) are an expanding and complex group of rare genetic disorders caused by defects in the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. The genetic spectrum of CDG is extremely broad with mutations in over 140 genes leading to a wide variety of symptoms ranging from mild to severe and life-threatening. There has been an expansion in the genetic complexity of CDG in recent years. More specifically several examples of alternate phenotypes in recessive forms of CDG and new types of CDG following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern have been identified. In addition, novel genetic mechanisms such as expansion repeats have been reported and several already known disorders have been classified as CDG as their pathophysiology was better elucidated. Furthermore, we consider the future and outlook of CDG genetics, with a focus on exploration of the non-coding genome using whole genome sequencing, RNA-seq and multi-omics technology.
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8
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Overexpression of glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 2 confers ovarian cancer to CDDP resistance by activating FGFR/PI3K signalling axis. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:55. [PMID: 34294681 PMCID: PMC8298492 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00343-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been reported that chemotherapy resistance mainly contributed to treatment failure and poor survival in patients with ovarian cancer. Therefore, clarifying the molecular mechanism and identifying effective strategies to overcome drug resistance may play an important clinical impact on this malignant tumor. In our study, we found that the expression of Glycosyltransferase 8 domain containing 2 (GLT8D2) was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer samples with CDDP (Cis-dichlorodiammine-platinum) resistance. Biological experiment demonstrate that GLT8D2 overexpression confers CDDP resistance on ovarian cancer cells; however, inhibition of GLT8D2 sensitized ovarian cancer cell lines to CDDP cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. By using affinity purification/mass spectrometry (IP/MS) and reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) analyses, we found that GLT8D2 interacts with fibroblast growth factor receptor 1(FGFR1) in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, overexpression of GLT8D2 activated FGFR/PI3K signaling axis and upregulated the phosphorylation levels of FRS2a and AKT (AKT serine/threonine kinase). Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of FGFR and PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) signaling pathway significantly counteracted GLT8D2-induced chemoresistance and enhanced platinum's therapeutic efficacy in ovarian cancer. Therefore, our findings suggest that GLT8D2 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of ovarian cancer; targeting GLT8D2/FGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling axis may represent a promising strategy to enhance platinum response in patients with chemoresistant ovarian cancer.
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9
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İnci A, Cengiz B, Biberoğlu G, Okur İ, Arhan E, Öner AY, Kasapkara ÇS, Küçükçongar A, Tümer L, Ezgu F. Congenital defects of glycosylation: Novel presentations with mainly neurological involvement and variable dysmorphic features. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2739-2747. [PMID: 33960646 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of congenital defects of glycosylation (CDG) is complex and the diagnosis has been a challenge because of the overlapping clinical signs and symptoms as well as a large number of disorders. Isoelectric focusing of transferrin has been used as a screening method but has limitations. Individual enzyme or molecular genetic tests have been difficult to perform. In this study, we aimed to describe CDG patients who were referred to from different departments either without a preliminary diagnosis or suspected to have a genetic disorder other than CDG. The patients were diagnosed mainly with a 450 gene next-generation DNA sequencing panel for inborn errors of metabolism, which also included 25 genes for CDG. A total of 862 patients were investigated with the panel, whereby homozygous (10) or compound heterozygous (4) mutations were found in a total of 14 (1.6%) patients. A total of 13 different mutations were discovered, 10 of them being novel. Interestingly, none of the patients was suspected to have a CDG before referral. This report expands the clinical/laboratory findings in patients with CDG and stresses on the fact that CDG should be in the differential list for pediatric patients presented with nonspecific dysmorphic features and neurological delays/regression. Also, next-generation DNA sequencing with panel approach was noticed to have a significant diagnostic potential in patients presented with nonspecific neurologic and dysmorphic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslı İnci
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Başak Cengiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gürsel Biberoğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlyas Okur
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Arhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Yusuf Öner
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Aynur Küçükçongar
- Ankara City Hospital, Department of Metabolic Disorders, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Leyla Tümer
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fatih Ezgu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Metabolic Diseases, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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10
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Papazoglu GM, Cubilla M, Pereyra M, de Kremer RD, Pérez B, Sturiale L, Asteggiano CG. Mass spectrometry glycophenotype characterization of ALG2-CDG in Argentinean patients with a new genetic variant in homozygosis. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:191-200. [PMID: 33644825 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-09976-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Human ALG2 encodes an α 1,3mannosyltransferase that catalyzes the first steps in the synthesis of N-glycans in the endoplasmic reticulum. Variants in ALG2cause a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) known as ALG2-CDG. Up to date, nine ALG2-CDG patients have been reported worldwide. ALG2-CDG is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disorder characterized by neurological involvement, convulsive syndrome of unknown origin, axial hypotonia, and mental and motor regression. In this study, we used MALDI-TOF MS to define both total serum protein and transferrin (Tf) N-glycan phenotypes in three ALG2-CDG patients carrying a c.752G > T, p.Arg251Leu ALG2 missense variant in homozygous state, as determined by exome sequencing. Comparing it to control samples, we have observed Tf under-occupancy of glycosylation site(s) typical of a defective N-glycan assembly and the occurrence of oligomannose and hybrid type N-glycans. Moreover, we have observed a slight oligomannose accumulation in total serum glyco-profiles. The increased heterogeneity of serum N-glycome in the studied patients suggests a marginal disarrangement of the glycan processing in ALG2-CDG. Previous studies reported on slightly increased concentrations of abnormal serum N-glycans in CDG-I due to defects in the mannosylation steps of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis. This preliminary work aims at considering serum N-glycan accumulation of high mannosylated glycoforms, such as oligomannose and hybrid type N-glycans, as potential diagnostic signals for ALG2-CDG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Magali Papazoglu
- Centro de Estudio de las Metabolopatías Congénitas (CEMECO), Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ferroviarios 1250, X5014AKN, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marisa Cubilla
- Centro de Estudio de las Metabolopatías Congénitas (CEMECO), Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ferroviarios 1250, X5014AKN, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Marcela Pereyra
- Servicio de Crecimiento y Desarrollo, Hospital Pediátrico HumbertoNotti, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Raquel Dodelson de Kremer
- Centro de Estudio de las Metabolopatías Congénitas (CEMECO), Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ferroviarios 1250, X5014AKN, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Belén Pérez
- Centro de Diagnóstico de Enfermedades Moleculares (CEDEM), Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa CSIC-UAM, CIBERER, IdiPAZ, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Sturiale
- CNR, Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, IPCB, Catania, Italy
| | - Carla Gabriela Asteggiano
- Centro de Estudio de las Metabolopatías Congénitas (CEMECO), Hospital de Niños de la Santísima Trinidad, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ferroviarios 1250, X5014AKN, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera Medicina, Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Jacinto Ríos 571 (X5004ASK), B° General Paz, Córdoba, Argentina.
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11
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Glycoengineering: scratching the surface. Biochem J 2021; 478:703-719. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
At the surface of many cells is a compendium of glycoconjugates that form an interface between the cell and its surroundings; the glycocalyx. The glycocalyx serves several functions that have captivated the interest of many groups. Given its privileged residence, this meshwork of sugar-rich biomolecules is poised to transmit signals across the cellular membrane, facilitating communication with the extracellular matrix and mediating important signalling cascades. As a product of the glycan biosynthetic machinery, the glycocalyx can serve as a partial mirror that reports on the cell's glycosylation status. The glycocalyx can also serve as an information-rich barrier, withholding the entry of pathogens into the underlying plasma membrane through glycan-rich molecular messages. In this review, we provide an overview of the different approaches devised to engineer glycans at the cell surface, highlighting considerations of each, as well as illuminating the grand challenges that face the next era of ‘glyco-engineers’. While we have learned much from these techniques, it is evident that much is left to be unearthed.
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12
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Shirakawa A, Manabe Y, Fukase K. Recent Advances in the Chemical Biology of N-Glycans. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26041040. [PMID: 33669465 PMCID: PMC7920464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagine-linked N-glycans on proteins have diverse structures, and their functions vary according to their structures. In recent years, it has become possible to obtain high quantities of N-glycans via isolation and chemical/enzymatic/chemoenzymatic synthesis. This has allowed for progress in the elucidation of N-glycan functions at the molecular level. Interaction analyses with lectins by glycan arrays or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using various N-glycans have revealed the molecular basis for the recognition of complex structures of N-glycans. Preparation of proteins modified with homogeneous N-glycans revealed the influence of N-glycan modifications on protein functions. Furthermore, N-glycans have potential applications in drug development. This review discusses recent advances in the chemical biology of N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Shirakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (K.F.); Tel.: +81-6-6850-5391 (Y.M.); +81-6-6850-5388 (K.F.)
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Correspondence: (Y.M.); (K.F.); Tel.: +81-6-6850-5391 (Y.M.); +81-6-6850-5388 (K.F.)
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13
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Foulquier F, Legrand D. Biometals and glycosylation in humans: Congenital disorders of glycosylation shed lights into the crucial role of Golgi manganese homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129674. [PMID: 32599014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
About half of the eukaryotic proteins bind biometals that participate in their structure and functions in virtually all physiological processes, including glycosylation. After reviewing the biological roles and transport mechanisms of calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc and cobalt acting as cofactors of the metalloproteins involved in sugar metabolism and/or glycosylation, the paper will outline the pathologies resulting from a dysregulation of these metals homeostasis and more particularly Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDGs) caused by ion transporter defects. Highlighting of CDGs due to defects in SLC39A8 (ZIP8) and TMEM165, two proteins transporting manganese from the extracellular space to cytosol and from cytosol to the Golgi lumen, respectively, has emphasized the importance of manganese homeostasis for glycosylation. Based on our current knowledge of TMEM165 structure and functions, this review will draw a picture of known and putative mechanisms regulating manganese homeostasis in the secretory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Foulquier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Dominique Legrand
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille F-59000, France.
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14
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Thines L, Stribny J, Morsomme P. From the Uncharacterized Protein Family 0016 to the GDT1 family: Molecular insights into a newly-characterized family of cation secondary transporters. MICROBIAL CELL 2020; 7:202-214. [PMID: 32743000 PMCID: PMC7380456 DOI: 10.15698/mic2020.08.725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Uncharacterized Protein Family 0016 (UPF0016) gathers poorly studied membrane proteins well conserved through evolution that possess one or two copies of the consensus motif Glu-x-Gly-Asp-(Arg/Lys)-(Ser/Thr). Members are found in many eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea. The interest for this protein family arose in 2012 when its human member TMEM165 was linked to the occurrence of Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDGs) when harbouring specific mutations. Study of the UPF0016 family is undergone through the characterization of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae (MneA), cyanobacterium Synechocystis (SynPAM71), yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Gdt1p), plant Arabidopsis thaliana (PAM71 and CMT1), and human (TMEM165) members. These proteins have all been identified as transporters of cations, more precisely of Mn2+, with an extra reported function in Ca2+ and/or H+ transport for some of them. Apart from glycosylation in humans, the UPF0016 members are required for lactation in humans, photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria, Ca2+ signaling in yeast, and Mn2+ homeostasis in the five aforementioned species. The requirement of the UPF0016 members for key physiological processes most likely derives from their transport activity at the Golgi membrane in human and yeast, the chloroplasts membranes in plants, the thylakoid and plasma membranes in cyanobacteria, and the cell membrane in bacteria. In the light of these studies on various UPF0016 members, this family is not considered as uncharacterized anymore and has been renamed the Gdt1 family according to the name of its S. cerevisiae member. This review aims at assembling and confronting the current knowledge in order to identify shared and distinct features in terms of transported molecules, mode of action, structure, etc., as well as to better understand their corresponding physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Thines
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jiri Stribny
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre Morsomme
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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15
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Ravell JC, Chauvin SD, He T, Lenardo M. An Update on XMEN Disease. J Clin Immunol 2020; 40:671-681. [PMID: 32451662 PMCID: PMC7369250 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-020-00790-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
“X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, and neoplasia” (XMEN) disease is an inborn error of glycosylation and immunity caused by loss of function mutations in the magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) gene. It is a multisystem disease that strongly affects certain immune cells. MAGT1 is now confirmed as a non-catalytic subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase complex and facilitates Asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation of specific substrates, making XMEN a congenital disorder of glycosylation manifesting as a combined immune deficiency. The clinical disease has variable expressivity and impaired glycosylation of key MAGT1-dependent glycoproteins in addition to Mg2+ abnormalities can explain some of the immune manifestations. NKG2D, an activating receptor critical for cytotoxic function against EBV, is poorly glycosylated and invariably decreased on CD8+ T cells and natural killer (NK) cells from XMEN patients. It is the best biomarker of the disease. The characterization of EBV-naïve XMEN patients has clarified features of the genetic disease that were previously attributed to EBV infection. Extra-immune manifestations, including hepatic and neurological abnormalities have recently been reported. EBV-associated lymphomas remain the main cause of severe morbidity. Unfortunately, treatment options to address the underlying mechanism of disease remain limited and Mg2+ supplementation has not proven successful. Here, we review the expanding clinical phenotype and recent advances in glycobiology that have increased our understanding of XMEN disease. We also propose updating XMEN to “X-linked MAGT1 deficiency with increased susceptibility to EBV-infection and N-linked glycosylation defect” in light of these novel findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Ravell
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research (DIR), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samuel D Chauvin
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, DIR, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tingyan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
| | - Michael Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, DIR, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, USA.
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16
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Cahill J, Ahuja S, Whorton MR. In vitro Measurement of CMP-Sialic Acid Transporter Activity in Reconstituted Proteoliposomes. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3551. [PMID: 33659525 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-sugar transporters (NSTs) facilitate eukaryotic cellular glycosylation by transporting nucleotide-sugar conjugates into the Golgi lumen and endoplasmic reticulum for use by glycosyltransferases, while also transferring nucleotide monophosphate byproducts to the cytoplasm. Mutations in this family of proteins can cause a number of significant cellular pathologies, and wild type members can act as virulence factors for many parasites and fungi. Here, we describe an in vitro assay to measure the transport activity of the CMP-sialic acid transporter (CST), one of seven NSTs found in mammals. While in vitro transport assays have been previously described for CST, these studies failed to account for the fact that 1) commercially available stocks of CMP-sialic acid (CMP-Sia) are composed of ~10% of the higher-affinity CMP and 2) CMP-Sia is hydrolyzed into CMP and sialic acid in aqueous solutions. Herein we describe a method for treating CMP-Sia with a nonselective phosphatase, Antarctic phosphatase, to convert all free CMP to cytidine. This allows us to accurately measure substrate affinities and transport kinetics for purified CST reconstituted into proteoliposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Cahill
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shivani Ahuja
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Matthew R Whorton
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239, USA
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17
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Makhamreh MM, Cottingham N, Ferreira CR, Berger S, Al-Kouatly HB. Nonimmune hydrops fetalis and congenital disorders of glycosylation: A systematic literature review. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:223-233. [PMID: 31420886 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Numerous etiologies may lead to nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) including congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Recognition of CDG in NIHF is challenging. This study reviews prenatal and neonatal characteristics of CDG presenting with NIHF. A systematic literature search was performed. Thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one cases with NIHF associated with a CDG were reported. There were 17 live births, three pregnancy terminations, and one fetal demise. Timing of CDG diagnosis was reported mostly postnatally (90%; 10/11). Postnatal genetic testing was reported in 18 patients; three patients were diagnosed by isoelectric focusing of serum transferrin that showed a type 1 pattern. The genes reported for CDG with NIHF for 15 distinct families include: PMM2 in 47% (7/15), ALG9 in 20% (3/15), ALG8 in 13% (2/15), ALG1 in 7% (1/15), MGAT2 in 7% (1/15), and COG6 7% (1/15). In our review, 81% (17/21) reported facial dysmorphism, 52% (11/21) reported CNS abnormalities, most commonly cerebellar atrophy (64%; 7/11), and 38% (8/21) reported cardiovascular abnormalities, most commonly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (63%; 5/8). Among live births, 71% (12/17) infants died at a median age of 34 days (range 1-185). Thrombocytopenia was reported in 53% (9/17) patients. Of those who survived past the neonatal period, 80% (4/5) had significant reported developmental delays. CDG should be on the differential diagnosis of NIHF in the presence of cerebellar atrophy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or thrombocytopenia. Our review highlights the poor prognosis in infants with NIHF due to CDG and demonstrates the importance of identifying these disorders prenatally to guide providers in their counseling with families regarding pregnancy management. SYNOPSIS: Poor prognosis in fetuses and infants with nonimmune hydrops fetalis due to congenital disorders of glycosylation highlights the importance of prenatal diagnosis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Makhamreh
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Naiga Cottingham
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research & Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Seth Berger
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research & Rare Disease Institute, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Huda B Al-Kouatly
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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18
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Vicogne D, Houdou M, Garat A, Climer L, Lupashin V, Morelle W, Foulquier F. Fetal bovine serum impacts the observed N-glycosylation defects in TMEM165 KO HEK cells. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:357-366. [PMID: 31415112 PMCID: PMC7021577 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
TMEM165 is involved in a rare genetic human disease named TMEM165-CDG (congenital disorders of glycosylation). It is Golgi localized, highly conserved through evolution and belongs to the uncharacterized protein family 0016 (UPF0016). The use of isogenic TMEM165 KO HEK cells was crucial in deciphering the function of TMEM165 in Golgi manganese homeostasis. Manganese is a major cofactor of many glycosylation enzymes. Severe Golgi glycosylation defects are observed in TMEM165 Knock Out Human Embryonic Kidney (KO HEK) cells and are rescued by exogenous manganese supplementation. Intriguingly, we demonstrate in this study that the observed Golgi glycosylation defect mainly depends on fetal bovine serum, particularly its manganese level. Our results also demonstrate that iron and/or galactose can modulate the observed glycosylation defects in TMEM165 KO HEK cells. While isogenic cultured cells are widely used to study the impact of gene defects on proteins' glycosylation patterns, these results emphasize the importance of the use of validated fetal bovine serum in glycomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothée Vicogne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - Marine Houdou
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Garat
- Univ. Lille, EA 4483 - IMPECS - IMPact de l’Environnement Chimique sur la Santé humaine, F-59000 Lille, France
- CHU Lille, Unité Fonctionnelle de Toxicologie, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | | | - Vladimir Lupashin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Biomed 261-2, Slot 505, 200 South Cedar St., Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Willy Morelle
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
| | - François Foulquier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F- 59000 Lille, France
- Address correspondence should be sent to: François Foulquier ()
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19
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Zhou C, Schulz BL. Glycopeptide variable window SWATH for improved data independent acquisition glycoprotein analysis. Anal Biochem 2020; 597:113667. [PMID: 32119847 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
N-glycosylation plays an essential role in regulating protein folding and function in eukaryotic cells. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion spectra mass spectrometry (SWATH) has proven useful as a data independent acquisition (DIA) MS method for analysis of glycoproteins and their glycan modifications. By separating the entire m/z range into consecutive isolation windows, DIA-MS allows comprehensive MS data acquisition and high-sensitivity detection of molecules of interest. Variable width DIA windows allow optimal analyte measurement, as peptide ions are not evenly distributed across the full m/z range. However, the m/z distribution of glycopeptides is different to that of unmodified peptides because of their large glycan structures. Here, we improved the performance of DIA glycoproteomics by using variable width windows optimized for glycopeptides. This method allocates narrow windows at m/z ranges rich in glycopeptides, improving analytical specificity and performance. We show that related glycoforms must fall in separate windows to allow accurate glycopeptide measurement. We demonstrate the utility of the method by comparing the cell wall glycoproteomes of wild-type and N-glycan biosynthesis deficient yeast and showing improved measurement of glycopeptides with different glycan structures. Our results highlight the importance of appropriately optimized DIA methods for measurement of post-translationally modified peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia; Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia; Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia.
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20
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Gray CJ, Compagnon I, Flitsch SL. Mass spectrometry hybridized with gas-phase InfraRed spectroscopy for glycan sequencing. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 62:121-131. [PMID: 31981952 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2019.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Precise structural differentiation of often isomeric glycans is important given their roles in numerous biological processes. Mass spectrometry (MS) (and tandem MS) is one of the analytical techniques at the forefront of glycan analysis given its speed, sensitivity in producing structural information as well as the fact it can be coupled to other orthogonal analytical techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC) and ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). This review describes another family of techniques that are more commonly being hybridized to MS(/MS) namely gas-phase infrared (IR) spectroscopy, whose rise is in part due to the development and improved accessibility of tunable IR lasers. Gas-phase IR can often differentiate fine isomeric differences ubiquitous within carbohydrates that MS may be 'blind' to. There are also examples of cryogenic gas-phase IR spectroscopy with much greater spectral resolution as well as hybridizing with separative methods (LC, IMS). Furthermore, collision-induced dissociation (CID) product ions can also be probed by IR, which may be beneficial to deconvolute spectra, aid analysis and build spectral libraries, thus generating novel opportunities for fragment-based approaches to analyze glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher John Gray
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
| | - Isabelle Compagnon
- Univ. Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- School of Chemistry & Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK.
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21
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Thirumal Kumar D, Jain N, Udhaya Kumar S, George Priya Doss C, Zayed H. Identification of potential inhibitors against pathogenic missense mutations of PMM2 using a structure-based virtual screening approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:171-187. [PMID: 31870226 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1708797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The autosomal recessive phosphomannomutase 2-congenital disorder of glycosylation (PMM2-CDG) is characterized by defective functioning of the PMM2 enzyme, which is necessary for the conversion of mannose-6-phosphate into mannose-1-phosphate. Here, a computational pipeline was drawn to identify the most significant mutations, and further, we used a virtual screening approach to identify a new lead compound to treat the identified significant mutations. We searched for missense mutation data related to PMM2-CDG in HGMD®, UniProt, and ClinVar. Our search yielded a total of 103 mutations, of which 91 are missense mutations. The D65Y, I132N, I132T, and F183S mutations were classified as deleterious, destabilizing, and altering the biophysical properties using the PredictSNP, iStable, and Align GVGD in silico prediction tools. Additionally, we applied a multistep protocol to screen for an alternative lead compound to the existing CID2876053 (1-(3-chlorophenyl)-3,3-bis(pyridine-2-yl)urea) with affinity to these identified significant mutants. Two compounds, CHEMBL1491007 (6-chloro-4-phenyl-3-(4-pyridin-2-ylpiperazin-1-yl)-1H-quinolin-2-one) and CHEMBL3653029 (5-chloro-4-[6-[(3-fluorophenyl)methylamino]pyridin-2-yl]-N-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)pyridin-2-amine), exhibited the highest binding affinity with the selected mutants and were chosen for further analysis. Through molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and MMPBSA analysis, we found that the known compound, i.e. CID2876053, has stronger interaction with the D65Y mutant. The newly identified lead compound CHEMBL1491007 showed stronger interaction with the I132N and I132T mutants, whereas the most deleterious mutant, F183S, showed stronger interaction with CHEMBL3653029. This study is expected to aid in the field of precision medicine, and further to in vivo and in vitro analysis of these lead compounds might shed light on the treatment of PMM2-CDG. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Thirumal Kumar
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Nikita Jain
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - S Udhaya Kumar
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - C George Priya Doss
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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22
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Ravell JC, Matsuda-Lennikov M, Chauvin SD, Zou J, Biancalana M, Deeb SJ, Price S, Su HC, Notarangelo G, Jiang P, Morawski A, Kanellopoulou C, Binder K, Mukherjee R, Anibal JT, Sellers B, Zheng L, He T, George AB, Pittaluga S, Powers A, Kleiner DE, Kapuria D, Ghany M, Hunsberger S, Cohen JI, Uzel G, Bergerson J, Wolfe L, Toro C, Gahl W, Folio LR, Matthews H, Angelus P, Chinn IK, Orange JS, Trujillo-Vargas CM, Franco JL, Orrego-Arango J, Gutiérrez-Hincapié S, Patel NC, Raymond K, Patiroglu T, Unal E, Karakukcu M, Day AG, Mehta P, Masutani E, De Ravin SS, Malech HL, Altan-Bonnet G, Rao VK, Mann M, Lenardo MJ. Defective glycosylation and multisystem abnormalities characterize the primary immunodeficiency XMEN disease. J Clin Invest 2020; 130:507-522. [PMID: 31714901 PMCID: PMC6934229 DOI: 10.1172/jci131116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, EBV infection, and neoplasia (XMEN) disease are caused by deficiency of the magnesium transporter 1 (MAGT1) gene. We studied 23 patients with XMEN, 8 of whom were EBV naive. We observed lymphadenopathy (LAD), cytopenias, liver disease, cavum septum pellucidum (CSP), and increased CD4-CD8-B220-TCRαβ+ T cells (αβDNTs), in addition to the previously described features of an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, CD4+ T lymphocytopenia, increased B cells, dysgammaglobulinemia, and decreased expression of the natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) receptor. EBV-associated B cell malignancies occurred frequently in EBV-infected patients. We studied patients with XMEN and patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS) by deep immunophenotyping (32 immune markers) using time-of-flight mass cytometry (CyTOF). Our analysis revealed that the abundance of 2 populations of naive B cells (CD20+CD27-CD22+IgM+HLA-DR+CXCR5+CXCR4++CD10+CD38+ and CD20+CD27-CD22+IgM+HLA-DR+CXCR5+CXCR4+CD10-CD38-) could differentially classify XMEN, ALPS, and healthy individuals. We also performed glycoproteomics analysis on T lymphocytes and show that XMEN disease is a congenital disorder of glycosylation that affects a restricted subset of glycoproteins. Transfection of MAGT1 mRNA enabled us to rescue proteins with defective glycosylation. Together, these data provide new clinical and pathophysiological foundations with important ramifications for the diagnosis and treatment of XMEN disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C. Ravell
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mami Matsuda-Lennikov
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Samuel D. Chauvin
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Juan Zou
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew Biancalana
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sally J. Deeb
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction Group and Computational Systems Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Susan Price
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Helen C. Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Giulia Notarangelo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ping Jiang
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aaron Morawski
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chrysi Kanellopoulou
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kyle Binder
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Neuroimmunology Branch, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ratnadeep Mukherjee
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - James T. Anibal
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian Sellers
- Trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, Autoimmunity, and Inflammation, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lixin Zheng
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tingyan He
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alex B. George
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefania Pittaluga
- Hematopathology Section, Laboratory of Pathology, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Astin Powers
- Laboratory of Pathology, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Devika Kapuria
- Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marc Ghany
- Liver Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey I. Cohen
- Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jenna Bergerson
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lynne Wolfe
- National Human Genome Research Institute, and
| | - Camilo Toro
- National Human Genome Research Institute, and
| | | | - Les R. Folio
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Helen Matthews
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pam Angelus
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ivan K. Chinn
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jordan S. Orange
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Claudia M. Trujillo-Vargas
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Jose Luis Franco
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Julio Orrego-Arango
- Grupo de Inmunodeficiencias Primarias, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Niraj Chandrakant Patel
- Section of Infectious Disease and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Carolinas Medical Center, and
- Levine Children’s Hospital Atrium Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kimiyo Raymond
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Turkan Patiroglu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Musa Karakukcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | - Pankaj Mehta
- Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evan Masutani
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Suk S. De Ravin
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Harry L. Malech
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Grégoire Altan-Bonnet
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - V. Koneti Rao
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthias Mann
- Proteomics and Signal Transduction Group and Computational Systems Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael J. Lenardo
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, and Clinical Genomics Program, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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23
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Tahata S, Gunderson L, Lanpher B, Morava E. Complex phenotypes in ALG12-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG12-CDG): Case series and review of the literature. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 128:409-414. [PMID: 31481313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
ALG12-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG12-CDG) is a rare disorder caused by a deficiency of dolichol-P-mannose:Man7GlcNAc2-PP-dolichyl-α-6-mannosyltransferase which presents with intellectual disability, hypotonia, dysmorphic features, low IgG levels with recurrent infections, male genital hypoplasia, and coagulation abnormalities. We report a unique family with three affected individuals, including two older brothers with only cognitive and coagulation defects and a younger brother who died from a severe multisystem disease at age 18 months. The two living brothers are the oldest and mildest cases of ALG12-CDG described thus far. Whole exome sequencing of the older brothers revealed a previously described c.1001delA (p.N334TfsX15) pathogenic variant and a c.671C > T (p.T224 M) variant of uncertain significance in ALG12. Our cases broaden the recognized genetic and phenotypic spectrum of this disorder and suggest a role for other genetic and environmental factors in modulating disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eva Morava
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
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24
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Method comparison for N-glycan profiling: Towards the standardization of glycoanalytical technologies for cell line analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223270. [PMID: 31589631 PMCID: PMC6779296 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of protein N-glycosylation is essential in biological and biopharmaceutical research as N-glycans have been reported to regulate a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Monitoring glycosylation in diagnosis, prognosis, as well as biopharmaceutical development and quality control are important research areas. A number of techniques for the analysis of protein N-glycosylation are currently available. Here we examine three methodologies routinely used for the release of N-glycans, in the effort to establish and standardize glycoproteomics technologies for quantitative glycan analysis from cultured cell lines. N-glycans from human gamma immunoglobulins (IgG), plasma and a pool of four cancer cell lines were released following three approaches and the performance of each method was evaluated.
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25
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Chandel I, Baker R, Nakamura N, Panin V. Live Imaging and Analysis of Muscle Contractions in Drosophila Embryo. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 31355800 DOI: 10.3791/59404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coordinated muscle contractions are a form of rhythmic behavior seen early during development in Drosophila embryos. Neuronal sensory feedback circuits are required to control this behavior. Failure to produce the rhythmic pattern of contractions can be indicative of neurological abnormalities. We previously found that defects in protein O-mannosylation, a posttranslational protein modification, affect the axon morphology of sensory neurons and result in abnormal coordinated muscle contractions in embryos. Here, we present a relatively simple method for recording and analyzing the pattern of peristaltic muscle contractions by live imaging of late stage embryos up to the point of hatching, which we used to characterize the muscle contraction phenotype of protein O-mannosyltransferase mutants. Data obtained from these recordings can be used to analyze muscle contraction waves, including frequency, direction of propagation and relative amplitude of muscle contractions at different body segments. We have also examined body posture and taken advantage of a fluorescent marker expressed specifically in muscles to accurately determine the position of the embryo midline. A similar approach can also be utilized to study various other behaviors during development, such as embryo rolling and hatching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Chandel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University
| | - Ryan Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University
| | | | - Vlad Panin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University;
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26
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Farmania R, Jain P, Sharma S, Aneja S. Unusual Presentation of PMM2-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation With Isolated Strokelike Episodes in a Young Girl. J Child Neurol 2019; 34:410-414. [PMID: 30857461 DOI: 10.1177/0883073819833543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are multisystemic inherited metabolic disorders with marked phenotypic variability. The most frequent described type is PMM2-CDG (earlier known as CDG Type Ia) which presents either with pure neurologic features or with combined neurologic and systemic features. The classical presentation is characterized by varied combinations of developmental delay, hypotonia, ataxia, dysmorphism, inverted nipples, and abnormal fat distribution. Strokelike episodes and seizures are known acute complications that usually occur on a background of developmental delay, ataxia, or dysmorphism. We report here a developmentally normal young girl who presented with isolated strokelike episodes and was diagnosed to have CDG Type Ia. This condition should be kept in the differentials of unexplained strokelike episodes in children. The diagnosis has important therapeutic and prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajni Farmania
- 1 Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BL Kapur (BLK) Super Speciality Hospital, Pusa Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Puneet Jain
- 1 Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BL Kapur (BLK) Super Speciality Hospital, Pusa Road, New Delhi, India.,2 Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suvasini Sharma
- 3 Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College (LHMC) and associated Kalawati Saran Children Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Satinder Aneja
- 3 Neurology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College (LHMC) and associated Kalawati Saran Children Hospital, New Delhi, India.,4 Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
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27
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Ahuja S, Whorton MR. Structural basis for mammalian nucleotide sugar transport. eLife 2019; 8:45221. [PMID: 30985278 PMCID: PMC6508934 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-sugar transporters (NSTs) are critical components of the cellular glycosylation machinery. They transport nucleotide-sugar conjugates into the Golgi lumen, where they are used for the glycosylation of proteins and lipids, and they then subsequently transport the nucleotide monophosphate byproduct back to the cytoplasm. Dysregulation of human NSTs causes several debilitating diseases, and NSTs are virulence factors for many pathogens. Here we present the first crystal structures of a mammalian NST, the mouse CMP-sialic acid transporter (mCST), in complex with its physiological substrates CMP and CMP-sialic acid. Detailed visualization of extensive protein-substrate interactions explains the mechanisms governing substrate selectivity. Further structural analysis of mCST’s unique lumen-facing partially-occluded conformation, coupled with the characterization of substrate-induced quenching of mCST’s intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence, reveals the concerted conformational transitions that occur during substrate transport. These results provide a framework for understanding the effects of disease-causing mutations and the mechanisms of this diverse family of transporters. The cells in our body are tiny machines which, amongst other things, produce proteins. One of the production steps involves a compartment in the cell called the Golgi, where proteins are tagged and packaged before being sent to their final destination. In particular, sugars can be added onto an immature protein to help to fold it, stabilize it, and to affect how it works. Before sugars can be attached to a protein, they need to be ‘activated’ outside of the Golgi by attaching to a small molecule known as a nucleotide. Then, these ‘nucleotide-sugars’ are ferried across the Golgi membrane and inside the compartment by nucleotide-sugar transporters, or NSTs. Humans have seven different kinds of NSTs, each responsible for helping specific types of nucleotide-sugars cross the Golgi membrane. Changes in NSTs are linked to several human diseases, including certain types of epilepsy; these proteins are also important for dangerous microbes to be able to infect cells. Yet, scientists know very little about how the transporters recognize their cargo, and how they transport it. To shed light on these questions, Ahuja and Whorton set to uncover for the first time the 3D structure of a mammalian NST using a method known as X-ray crystallography. This revealed how nearly every component of this transporter is arranged when the protein is bound to two different molecules: a specific nucleotide, or a type of nucleotide-sugar. The results help to understand how changes in certain components of the NST can lead to a problem in the way the protein works. Ultimately, this knowledge may be useful to prevent diseases linked to faulty NSTs, or to stop microbes from using the transporters to their own advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Ahuja
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, United States
| | - Matthew R Whorton
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, United States
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28
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Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Schiff M, Mattioli F, Schaefer E, Dupont A, Dancourt J, Dupré T, Couvineau A, de Baulny HO, de Lonlay P, Seta N, Moore S, Chantret I. Wide clinical spectrum in ALG8-CDG: clues from molecular findings suggest an explanation for a milder phenotype in the first-described patient. Pediatr Res 2019; 85:384-389. [PMID: 30420707 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-018-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) includes ALG8 deficiency, a protein N-glycosylation defect with a broad clinical spectrum. If most of the 15 previously reported patients present an early-onset multisystem severe disease and early death, three patients including the cas princeps, present long-term survival and less severe symptoms. METHODS In order to further characterize ALG8-CDG, two new ALG8 patients are described and mRNA analyses of the ALG8-CDG cas princeps were effected. RESULTS One new patient exhibited a hepato-intestinal and neurological phenotype with two novel variants (c.91A > C p.Thr31Pro; c.139dup p.Thr47Asnfs*12). The other new patient, homozygous for a known variant (c.845C > T p.Ala282Val), presented a neurological phenotype with epilepsy, intellectual disability and retinis pigmentosa. The cas princeps ALG8-CDG patient was reported to have two heterozygous frameshift variants predicted to be without activity. We now described a novel ALG8 transcript variant in this patient and the 3D model of the putative encoded protein reveals no major difference with that of the normal ALG8 protein. CONCLUSION The description of the two new ALG8 patients affirms that ALG8-CDG is a severe disease. In the cas princeps, as the originally described frameshift variants are degraded, the novel variant is promoted and could explain a milder phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Schiff
- APHP, Robert Debré Hospital, Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, UMR1141, PROTECT, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Francesca Mattioli
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Elise Schaefer
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Hautepierre, avenue Molière, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, 67098, Strasbourg, France
| | - Audrey Dupont
- Intensive Care Unit, CHU Lenval, 57 avenue de la Californie, 06200, Nice, France
| | - Julia Dancourt
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI) and Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France
| | | | - Alain Couvineau
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI) and Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Ogier de Baulny
- APHP, Robert Debré Hospital, Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, UMR1141, PROTECT, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pascale de Lonlay
- AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, metabERN, G2M, IMAGINE Institute, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Stuart Moore
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI) and Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Chantret
- INSERM, U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI) and Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, BP 416, 75018, Paris, France
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29
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Chang IJ, He M, Lam CT. Congenital disorders of glycosylation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:477. [PMID: 30740408 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.10.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of >130 diseases caused by defects in various steps along glycan modification pathways. The vast majority of these monogenic diseases are autosomal recessive and have multi-systemic manifestations, mainly growth failure, developmental delay, facial dysmorphisms, and variable coagulation and endocrine abnormalities. Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) and protein-linked glycan analysis with mass spectrometry can diagnose some subtypes of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), while many currently rely on massively parallel genomic sequencing for diagnosis. Early detection is important, as a few of these disorders are treatable. Molecular and biochemical techniques continue to further our understanding of this rapidly expanding group of clinically and genetically diverse disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene J Chang
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christina T Lam
- Division of Biochemical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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30
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Duvet S, Mouajjah D, Péanne R, Matthijs G, Raymond K, Jaeken J, Morava E, Foulquier F. Use of Endoglycosidase H as a diagnostic tool for MAN1B1-CDG patients. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:3133-3141. [PMID: 29947113 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201800020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are heterogeneous group of genetic protein and lipid glycosylation abnormalities. With some 33 reported patients, MAN1B1-CDG belongs to the more frequent causes of CDG-II. MAN1B1 encodes an α1,2-mannosidase that removes the terminal mannose residue from the middle branch. Several methods have been proposed to characterize the glycosylation changes. In MAN1B1-CDG, the abnormal accumulating N-glycan structures are mostly absent or found in trace amounts in total human serum. To overcome this issue, in this study, we present a straightforward procedure based on the use of Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H to easily diagnose MAN1B1-CDG patients and mannosidase defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Duvet
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.,LIA GLYCOLAB4CDG France/Belgium (International Associated Laboratory "Laboratory for the Research on Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation-from cellular mechanisms to cure"), France
| | - Dounia Mouajjah
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.,LIA GLYCOLAB4CDG France/Belgium (International Associated Laboratory "Laboratory for the Research on Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation-from cellular mechanisms to cure"), France
| | - Romain Péanne
- LIA GLYCOLAB4CDG France/Belgium (International Associated Laboratory "Laboratory for the Research on Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation-from cellular mechanisms to cure"), France.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert Matthijs
- LIA GLYCOLAB4CDG France/Belgium (International Associated Laboratory "Laboratory for the Research on Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation-from cellular mechanisms to cure"), France.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kimiyo Raymond
- Biochemical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jaak Jaeken
- Metabolic Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Morava
- Hayward Genetics Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - François Foulquier
- CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, Lille, France.,LIA GLYCOLAB4CDG France/Belgium (International Associated Laboratory "Laboratory for the Research on Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation-from cellular mechanisms to cure"), France
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31
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Yu SH, Zhao P, Prabhakar PK, Sun T, Beedle A, Boons GJ, Moremen KW, Wells L, Steet R. Defective mucin-type glycosylation on α-dystroglycan in COG-deficient cells increases its susceptibility to bacterial proteases. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14534-14544. [PMID: 30049793 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in subunits of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex results in pleiotropic defects in glycosylation and causes congenital disorders in humans. Insight regarding the functional consequences of this defective glycosylation and the identity of specific glycoproteins affected is lacking. A chemical glycobiology strategy was adopted to identify the surface glycoproteins most sensitive to altered glycosylation in COG-deficient Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Following metabolic labeling, an unexpected increase in GalNAz incorporation into several glycoproteins, including α-dystroglycan (α-DG), was noted in cog1-deficient ldlB cells. Western blotting analysis showed a significantly lower molecular weight for α-DG in ldlB cells compared with WT CHO cells. The underglycosylated α-DG molecules on ldlB cells are highly vulnerable to bacterial proteases that co-purify with V. cholerae neuraminidase, leading to rapid removal of the protein from the cell surface. The purified bacterial mucinase StcE can cleave both WT and ldlB α-DG but did not cause rapid degradation of the fragments, implicating other V. cholerae proteases in the final proteolysis of the fragments. Extending terminal glycosylation on the existing mucin-type glycans of ldlB α-DG stabilized the resulting fragments, indicating that fragment stability, but not the initial fragmentation of the protein, is influenced by the glycosylation status of the cell. This discovery highlights a functional importance for mucin-type O-glycans found on α-DG and reinforces a growing role for these glycans as regulators of extracellular proteolysis and protein stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Ho Yu
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Peng Zhao
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Pradeep K Prabhakar
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Tiantian Sun
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Aaron Beedle
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Lance Wells
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Richard Steet
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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32
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Hegarty R, Deheragoda M, Fitzpatrick E, Dhawan A. Paediatric fatty liver disease (PeFLD): All is not NAFLD - Pathophysiological insights and approach to management. J Hepatol 2018; 68:1286-1299. [PMID: 29471012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recognition of a pattern of steatotic liver injury where histology mimicked alcoholic liver disease, but alcohol consumption was denied, led to the identification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has since become the most common chronic liver disease in adults owing to the global epidemic of obesity. However, in paediatrics, the term NAFLD seems incongruous: alcohol consumption is largely not a factor and inherited metabolic disorders can mimic or co-exist with a diagnosis of NAFLD. The term paediatric fatty liver disease may be more appropriate. In this article, we summarise the known causes of steatosis in children according to their typical, clinical presentation: i) acute liver failure; ii) neonatal or infantile jaundice; iii) hepatomegaly, splenomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly; iv) developmental delay/psychomotor retardation and perhaps most commonly; v) the asymptomatic child with incidental discovery of abnormal liver enzymes. We offer this model as a means to provide pathophysiological insights and an approach to management of the ever more complex subject of fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hegarty
- Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre and Mowatlabs, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maesha Deheragoda
- Liver Histopathology, Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Fitzpatrick
- Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre and Mowatlabs, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anil Dhawan
- Paediatric Liver, GI and Nutrition Centre and Mowatlabs, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
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33
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Liu C, Niu G, Zhang H, Sun Y, Sun S, Yu F, Lu S, Yang Y, Li J, Hong Z. Trimming of N-Glycans by the Golgi-Localized α-1,2-Mannosidases, MNS1 and MNS2, Is Crucial for Maintaining RSW2 Protein Abundance during Salt Stress in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2018; 11:678-690. [PMID: 29409894 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Asparagine (Asn/N)-linked glycans are important for protein folding, trafficking, and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation in eukaryotes. The maturation of glycoproteins involves the trimming of mannosyl residues by mannosidases and addition of other sugar molecules to three-branched N-glycans in the Golgi. However, the biological importance of Golgi-mediated mannose trimming is not fully understood. Here, we show that abolishment of two functionally redundant mannosidases, MNS1 and MNS2, responsible for α-1,2-mannose trimming on the A and C branches of plant N-glycans lead to severe root growth inhibition under salt stress conditions in Arabidopsis. In contrast, mutants with defects in the biosynthesis of the oligosaccharide precursor displayed enhanced salt tolerance in the absence of mannose trimming. However, mutation in EBS3, which is required for the formation of the branched N-glycan precursor, suppressed the salt-sensitive phenotype of mns1 mns2 double mutant. Interestingly, we observed that cellulose biosynthesis was compromised in mns1 mns2 roots under high salinity. Consistently, abundance of a membrane anchored endo-β-1,4-endoglucanase (RSW2/KOR) that plays a key role in cellulose biosynthesis and its mutant variant rsw2-1 were modulated by α-1,2-mannose trimming under salt stress. Overexpression of RSW2 could partially rescue the salt-sensitive phenotype of mns1 mns2. Taken together, these results suggest that MNS1/2-mediated mannose trimming of N-glycans is crucial in modulating glycoprotein abundance to withstand salt stress in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanting Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huchen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shubin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fugen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yonghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianming Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China.
| | - Zhi Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute for Life Sciences (NAILS), School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Chakravorty S, Hegde M. Inferring the effect of genomic variation in the new era of genomics. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:756-773. [PMID: 29633501 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Accurate and detailed understanding of the effects of variants in the coding and noncoding regions of the genome is the next big challenge in the new genomic era of personalized medicine, especially to tackle newer findings of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity of diseases. This is necessary to resolve the gene-variant-disease relationship, the pathogenic variant spectrum of genes, pathogenic variants with variable clinical consequences, and multiloci diseases. In turn, this will facilitate patient recruitment for relevant clinical trials. In this review, we describe the trends in research at the intersection of basic and clinical genomics aiming to (a) overcome molecular diagnostic challenges and increase the clinical utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, (b) elucidate variants associated with disease, (c) determine overall genomic complexity including epistasis, complex inheritance patterns such as "synergistic heterozygosity," digenic/multigenic inheritance, modifier effect, and rare variant load. We describe the newly emerging field of integrated functional genomics, in vivo or in vitro large-scale functional approaches, statistical bioinformatics algorithms that support NGS genomics data to interpret variants for timely clinical diagnostics and disease management. Thus, facilitating the discovery of new therapeutic or biomarker options, and their roles in the future of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samya Chakravorty
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building Suite 301, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Madhuri Hegde
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead Biomedical Research Building Suite 301, Atlanta, Georgia
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35
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Ng BG, Freeze HH. Perspectives on Glycosylation and Its Congenital Disorders. Trends Genet 2018; 34:466-476. [PMID: 29606283 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) are a rapidly expanding group of metabolic disorders that result from abnormal protein or lipid glycosylation. They are often difficult to clinically diagnose because they broadly affect many organs and functions and lack clinical uniformity. However, recent technological advances in next-generation sequencing have revealed a treasure trove of new genetic disorders, expanded the knowledge of known disorders, and showed a critical role in infectious diseases. More comprehensive genetic tools specifically tailored for mammalian cell-based models have revealed a critical role for glycosylation in pathogen-host interactions, while also identifying new CDG susceptibility genes. We highlight recent advancements that have resulted in a better understanding of human glycosylation disorders, perspectives for potential future therapies, and mysteries for which we continue to seek new insights and solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby G Ng
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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36
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Nrf2 activation attenuates genetic endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by a mutation in the phosphomannomutase 2 gene in zebrafish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:2758-2763. [PMID: 29472449 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714056115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nrf2 plays critical roles in animals' defense against electrophiles and oxidative stress by orchestrating the induction of cytoprotective genes. We previously isolated the zebrafish mutant it768, which displays up-regulated expression of Nrf2 target genes in an uninduced state. In this paper, we determine that the gene responsible for it768 was the zebrafish homolog of phosphomannomutase 2 (Pmm2), which is a key enzyme in the initial steps of N-glycosylation, and its mutation in humans leads to PMM2-CDG (congenital disorders of glycosylation), the most frequent type of CDG. The pmm2it768 larvae exhibited mild defects in N-glycosylation, indicating that the pmm2it768 mutation is a hypomorph, as in human PMM2-CDG patients. A gene expression analysis showed that pmm2it768 larvae display up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, suggesting that the activation of Nrf2 was induced by the ER stress. Indeed, the treatment with the ER stress-inducing compounds up-regulated the gstp1 expression in an Nrf2-dependent manner. Furthermore, the up-regulation of gstp1 by the pmm2 inactivation was diminished by knocking down or out double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK), one of the main ER stress sensors, suggesting that Nrf2 was activated in response to the ER stress via the PERK pathway. ER stress-induced activation of Nrf2 was reported previously, but the results have been controversial. Our present study clearly demonstrated that ER stress can indeed activate Nrf2 and this regulation is evolutionarily conserved among vertebrates. Moreover, ER stress induced in pmm2it768 mutants was ameliorated by the treatment of the Nrf2-activator sulforaphane, indicating that Nrf2 plays significant roles in the reduction of ER stress.
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37
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Lee M, Beeson D, Palace J. Therapeutic strategies for congenital myasthenic syndromes. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1412:129-136. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Lee
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences; John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - David Beeson
- The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital; University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences; John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford United Kingdom
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38
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Beeson D, Cossins J, Rodriguez-Cruz P, Maxwell S, Liu WW, Palace J. Myasthenic syndromes due to defects in COL13A1 and in the N-linked glycosylation pathway. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1413:163-169. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Beeson
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Judith Cossins
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Pedro Rodriguez-Cruz
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Susan Maxwell
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Wei-Wei Liu
- Neurosciences Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
| | - Jacqueline Palace
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience; Level 3 The West Wing; The John Radcliffe Oxford UK
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39
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Schiff M, Roda C, Monin ML, Arion A, Barth M, Bednarek N, Bidet M, Bloch C, Boddaert N, Borgel D, Brassier A, Brice A, Bruneel A, Buissonnière R, Chabrol B, Chevalier MC, Cormier-Daire V, De Barace C, De Maistre E, De Saint-Martin A, Dorison N, Drouin-Garraud V, Dupré T, Echenne B, Edery P, Feillet F, Fontan I, Francannet C, Labarthe F, Gitiaux C, Héron D, Hully M, Lamoureux S, Martin-Coignard D, Mignot C, Morin G, Pascreau T, Pincemaille O, Polak M, Roubertie A, Thauvin-Robinet C, Toutain A, Viot G, Vuillaumier-Barrot S, Seta N, De Lonlay P. Clinical, laboratory and molecular findings and long-term follow-up data in 96 French patients with PMM2-CDG (phosphomannomutase 2-congenital disorder of glycosylation) and review of the literature. J Med Genet 2017; 54:843-851. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-104903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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40
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Yang A, Cho SY, Jang JH, Kim J, Kim SZ, Lee BH, Yoo HW, Jin DK. Further delineation of COG8-CDG: A case with novel compound heterozygous mutations diagnosed by targeted exome sequencing. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:191-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Glycosylation of matrix metalloproteases and tissue inhibitors: present state, challenges and opportunities. Biochem J 2017; 473:1471-82. [PMID: 27234584 PMCID: PMC4888457 DOI: 10.1042/bj20151154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge about the glycosylation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is reviewed. Whereas structural and functional aspects of the glycobiology of many MMPs is unknown, research on MMP-9 and MMP-14 glycosylation reveals important functional implications, such as altered inhibitor binding and cellular localization. This, together with the fact that MMPs contain conserved and many potential attachment sites for N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides, proves the need for further studies on MMP glycobiology. Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are crucial components of a complex and dynamic network of proteases. With a wide range of potential substrates, their production and activity are tightly controlled by a combination of signalling events, zymogen activation, post-translational modifications and extracellular inhibition. Slight imbalances may result in the initiation or progression of specific disease states, such as cancer and pathological inflammation. As glycosylation modifies the structures and functions of glycoproteins and many MMPs contain N- or O-linked oligosaccharides, we examine, compare and evaluate the evidence for whether glycosylation affects MMP catalytic activity and other functions. It is interesting that the catalytic sites of MMPs do not contain O-linked glycans, but instead possess a conserved N-linked glycosylation site. Both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides, attached to specific protein domains, endow these domains with novel functions such as the binding to lectins, cell-surface receptors and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMPs). Validated glycobiological data on N- and O-linked oligosaccharides of gelatinase B/MMP-9 and on O-linked structures of membrane-type 1 MMP/MMP-14 indicate that in-depth research of other MMPs may yield important insights, e.g. about subcellular localizations and functions within macromolecular complexes.
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42
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Chakravorty S, Hegde M. Gene and Variant Annotation for Mendelian Disorders in the Era of Advanced Sequencing Technologies. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2017; 18:229-256. [PMID: 28415856 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-083115-022545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive annotations of genetic and noncoding regions and corresponding accurate variant classification for Mendelian diseases are the next big challenge in the new genomic era of personalized medicine. Progress in the development of faster and more accurate pipelines for genome annotation and variant classification will lead to the discovery of more novel disease associations and candidate therapeutic targets. This ultimately will facilitate better patient recruitment in clinical trials. In this review, we describe the trends in research at the intersection of basic and clinical genomics that aims to increase understanding of overall genomic complexity, complex inheritance patterns of disease, and patient-phenotype-specific genomic associations. We describe the emerging field of translational functional genomics, which integrates other functional "-omics" approaches that support next-generation sequencing genomic data in order to facilitate personalized diagnostics, disease management, biomarker discovery, and medicine. We also discuss the utility of this integrated approach for diagnostic clinics and medical databases and its role in the future of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samya Chakravorty
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;
| | - Madhuri Hegde
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322;
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43
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Dhaunsi GS. Receptor-mediated selective impairment of insulin-like growth factor-1 activity in congenital disorders of glycosylation patients. Pediatr Res 2017; 81:526-530. [PMID: 27089502 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) patients share a basic feature of protein hypoglycosylation. Activity of growth factors and their receptors, glycoproteins playing a pivotal role during child development, remains unexplored in CDG patients. METHODS Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) isolated from 9 CDG patients and 12 healthy controls were cultured in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and BrdU incorporation was measured. Levels of plasma IGF-1 and PBL IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and its glycosylation were detected using immunoassay and western blot. RESULTS CDG patients showed significantly less (P < 0.01) serum-induced 5'-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in PBL than in controls. PDGF-/FGF-stimulated BrdU incorporation showed no difference in patients and controls, whereas IGF-1-induced DNA synthesis was significantly (P < 0.01) less in patients. Plasma IGF-1 levels and PBL IGF-1 receptor protein were significantly (P < 0.01) reduced in patients as compared to controls. IGF-1 receptor in PBL of all CDG patients had significantly (P < 0.01) reduced carbohydrate content when compared with control. CONCLUSIONS These results show selective impairment of IGF-1-induced DNA synthesis in lymphocytes of CDG patients through decreased gene expression and hypoglycosylation of the IGF-1 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursev S Dhaunsi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait city, Kuwait
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44
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Protein glycosylation in gastric and colorectal cancers: Toward cancer detection and targeted therapeutics. Cancer Lett 2017; 387:32-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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45
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Beriault DR, Dang VT, Zhong LH, Petlura CI, McAlpine CS, Shi Y, Werstuck GH. Glucosamine induces ER stress by disrupting lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis and N-linked protein glycosylation. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E48-E57. [PMID: 27879249 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00275.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glucosamine is an essential substrate for N-linked protein glycosylation. However, elevated levels of glucosamine can induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Glucosamine-induced ER stress has been implicated in the development of diabetic complications, including atherosclerosis and hepatic steatosis. In this study, we investigate the potential relationship between the effects of glucosamine on lipid-linked oligosaccharide (LLO) biosynthesis, N-linked glycosylation, and ER homeostasis. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were cultured in the presence of 0-5 mM glucosamine for up to 18 h, and LLO biosynthesis was monitored by fluorescence-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis. ER stress was determined by quantification of unfolded protein response (UPR) gene expression. We found that exposure of MEFs to ≥1 mM glucosamine significantly impaired the biosynthesis of mature (Glc3Man9GlcNAc2) LLOs before the activation of the UPR, which resulted in the accumulation of an LLO intermediate (Man3GlcNAc2). The addition of 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a chemical chaperone, was able to alleviate ER stress but did not rescue LLO biosynthesis. Other ER stress-inducing agents, including dithiothreitol and thapsigargin, had no effect on LLO levels. Together, these data suggest that elevated concentrations of glucosamine induce ER stress by interfering with lipid-linked oligosaccharide biosynthesis and N-linked glycosylation. We hypothesize that this pathway represents a causative link between hyperglycemia and the development of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Beriault
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vi T Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lexy H Zhong
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina I Petlura
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cameron S McAlpine
- Department of Medicine McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; and
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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AglH, a thermophilic UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate:dolichyl phosphate GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase initiating protein N-glycosylation pathway in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, is capable of complementing the eukaryal Alg7. Extremophiles 2016; 21:121-134. [PMID: 27822701 PMCID: PMC5222938 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-016-0890-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
AglH, a predicted UDP-GlcNAc-1-phosphate:dolichyl phosphate GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase, is initiating the protein N-glycosylation pathway in the thermoacidophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. AglH successfully replaced the endogenous GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferase activity of Alg7 in a conditional lethal Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, in which the first step of the eukaryal protein N-glycosylation process was repressed. This study is one of the few examples of cross-domain complementation demonstrating a conserved polyprenyl phosphate transferase reaction within the eukaryal and archaeal domain like it was demonstrated for Methanococcus voltae (Shams-Eldin et al. 2008). The topology prediction and the alignment of the AglH membrane protein with GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferases from the three domains of life show significant conservation of amino acids within the different proposed cytoplasmic loops. Alanine mutations of selected conserved amino acids in the putative cytoplasmic loops II (D100), IV (F220) and V (F264) demonstrated the importance of these amino acids for cross-domain AlgH activity in in vitro complementation assays in S. cerevisiae. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment interfering directly with the activity of dolichyl phosphate GlcNAc-1-phosphotransferases confirmed the essentiality of N-glycosylation for cell survival.
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Kozak RP, Urbanowicz PA, Punyadeera C, Reiding KR, Jansen BC, Royle L, Spencer DI, Fernandes DL, Wuhrer M. Variation of Human Salivary O-Glycome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162824. [PMID: 27610614 PMCID: PMC5017618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of saliva O-glycosylation is receiving increasing attention due to the potential of glycans for disease biomarkers, but also due to easy access and non-invasive collection of saliva as biological fluid. Saliva is rich in glycoproteins which are secreted from the bloodstream or produced by salivary glands. Mucins, which are highly O-glycosylated proteins, are particularly abundant in human saliva. Their glycosylation is associated with blood group and secretor status, and represents a reservoir of potential disease biomarkers. This study aims to analyse and compare O-glycans released from whole human mouth saliva collected 3 times a day from a healthy individual over a 5 days period. O-linked glycans were released by hydrazinolysis, labelled with procainamide and analysed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (UHPLC-FLR) coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). The sample preparation method showed excellent reproducibility and can therefore be used for biomarker discovery. Our data demonstrates that the O-glycosylation in human saliva changes significantly during the day. These changes may be related to changes in the salivary concentrations of specific proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslaw P. Kozak
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Chamindie Punyadeera
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovations, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Karli R. Reiding
- Centre for Proteomics and Metabolomics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bas C. Jansen
- Centre for Proteomics and Metabolomics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Louise Royle
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Centre for Proteomics and Metabolomics Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Varki A. Biological roles of glycans. Glycobiology 2016; 27:3-49. [PMID: 27558841 PMCID: PMC5884436 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1453] [Impact Index Per Article: 181.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to host glycans has also been studied for decades. But such biological roles can only explain some of the remarkable complexity and organismal diversity of glycans in nature. Reviewing the subject about two decades ago, one could find very few clear-cut instances of glycan-recognition-specific biological roles of glycans that were of intrinsic value to the organism expressing them. In striking contrast there is now a profusion of examples, such that this updated review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, a historical overview is presented, broad principles outlined and a few examples cited, representing diverse types of roles, mediated by various glycan classes, in different evolutionary lineages. What remains unchanged is the fact that while all theories regarding biological roles of glycans are supported by compelling evidence, exceptions to each can be found. In retrospect, this is not surprising. Complex and diverse glycans appear to be ubiquitous to all cells in nature, and essential to all life forms. Thus, >3 billion years of evolution consistently generated organisms that use these molecules for many key biological roles, even while sometimes coopting them for minor functions. In this respect, glycans are no different from other major macromolecular building blocks of life (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids), simply more rapidly evolving and complex. It is time for the diverse functional roles of glycans to be fully incorporated into the mainstream of biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Varki
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA
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Kane M, Davids M, Adams C, Wolfe L, Cheung H, Gropman A, Huang Y, Ng B, Freeze H, Adams D, Gahl W, Boerkoel C, Boerkoel CF. Mitotic Intragenic Recombination: A Mechanism of Survival for Several Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Am J Hum Genet 2016; 98:339-46. [PMID: 26805780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) are disorders of abnormal protein glycosylation that affect multiple organ systems. Because most CDGs have been described in only a few individuals, our understanding of the associated phenotypes and the mechanisms of individual survival are limited. In the process of studying two siblings, aged 6 and 11 years, with MOGS-CDG and biallelic MOGS (mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase) mutations (GenBank: NM_006302.2; c.[65C>A; 329G>A] p.[Ala22Glu; Arg110His]; c.[370C>T] p.[Gln124(∗)]), we noted that their survival was much longer than the previous report of MOGS-CDG, in a child who died at 74 days of age. Upon mutation analysis, we detected multiple MOGS genotypes including wild-type alleles in their cultured fibroblast and peripheral blood DNA. Further analysis of DNA from cultured fibroblasts of six individuals with compound heterozygous mutations of PMM2 (PMM2-CDG), MPI (MPI-CDG), ALG3 (ALG3-CDG), ALG12 (ALG12-CDG), DPAGT1 (DPAGT1-CDG), and ALG1 (ALG1-CDG) also identified multiple genotypes including wild-type alleles for each. Droplet digital PCR showed a ratio of nearly 1:1 wild-type to mutant alleles for most, but not all, mutations. This suggests that mitotic recombination contributes to the survival and the variable expressivity of individuals with compound heterozygous CDGs. This also provides an explanation for prior observations of a reduced frequency of homozygous mutations and might contribute to increased levels of residual enzyme activity in cultured fibroblasts of individuals with MPI- and PMM2-CDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cornelius F Boerkoel
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
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50
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Potelle S, Morelle W, Dulary E, Duvet S, Vicogne D, Spriet C, Krzewinski-Recchi MA, Morsomme P, Jaeken J, Matthijs G, De Bettignies G, Foulquier F. Glycosylation abnormalities in Gdt1p/TMEM165 deficient cells result from a defect in Golgi manganese homeostasis. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:1489-500. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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