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Minhas A, Dewey M, Vavere AL, Tanami Y, Ostovaneh MR, Laule M, Rochitte CE, Niinuma H, Kofoed KF, Geleijns J, Hoe J, Chen MY, Kitagawa K, Nomura C, Clouse ME, Rybicki FJ, Tan SY, Paul N, Matheson M, Cox C, Rief M, Maier P, Feger S, Plotkin M, Schönenberger E. Patient Preferences for Coronary CT Angiography with Stress Perfusion, SPECT, or Invasive Coronary Angiography. Radiology 2019; 291:340-348. [PMID: 30888934 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019181409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Patient preference is pivotal for widespread adoption of tests in clinical practice. Patient preferences for invasive versus other noninvasive tests for coronary artery disease are not known. Purpose To compare patient acceptance and preferences for noninvasive and invasive cardiac imaging in North and South America, Asia, and Europe. Materials and Methods This was a prospective 16-center trial in 381 study participants undergoing coronary CT angiography with stress perfusion, SPECT, and invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Patient preferences were collected by using a previously validated questionnaire translated into eight languages. Responses were converted to ordinal scales and were modeled with generalized linear mixed models. Results In patients in whom at least one test was associated with pain, CT and SPECT showed reduced median pain levels, reported on 0-100 visual analog scales, from 20 for ICA (interquartile range [IQR], 4-50) to 6 for CT (IQR, 0-27.5) and 5 for SPECT (IQR, 0-25) (P < .001). Patients from Asia reported significantly more pain than patients from other continents for ICA (median, 25; IQR, 10-50; P = .01), CT (median, 10; IQR, 0-30; P = .02), and SPECT (median, 7; IQR, 0-28; P = .03). Satisfaction with preparation differed by continent and test (P = .01), with patients from Asia reporting generally lower ratings. Patients from North America had greater percentages of "very high" or "high" satisfaction than patients from other continents for ICA (96% vs 82%, respectively; P < .001) and SPECT (95% vs 79%, respectively; P = .04) but not for CT (89% vs 86%, respectively; P = .70). Among all patients, CT was preferred by 54% of patients, compared with 18% for SPECT and 28% for ICA (P < .001). Conclusion For cardiac imaging, patients generally favored CT angiography with stress perfusion, while study participants from Asia generally reported lowest satisfaction. © RSNA, 2019 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Woodard and Nguyen in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anum Minhas
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Marc Dewey
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Andrea L Vavere
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Yutaka Tanami
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Mohammad R Ostovaneh
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Michael Laule
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Carlos E Rochitte
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Hiroyuki Niinuma
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Klaus F Kofoed
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Jacob Geleijns
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - John Hoe
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Kakuya Kitagawa
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Cesar Nomura
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Melvin E Clouse
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Swee Yaw Tan
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Narinder Paul
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Matthew Matheson
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Christopher Cox
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Matthias Rief
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Pia Maier
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Sarah Feger
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Michail Plotkin
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
| | - Eva Schönenberger
- From the Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital and Health System, Baltimore, Md (A.M., A.L.V., M.R.O., M.M., C.C., P.M.); Departments of Radiology (M.D., M.L., M.R., S.F., M.P.) and Anesthesiology (E.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität and Freie Universität zu Berlin, Schumannstr 20/21, Berlin 10117, Germany; Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.T.); Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil (C.E.R.); Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (H.N.); Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark (K.F.K.); Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.G.); Department of Radiology, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore (J.H.); Laboratory of Cardiac Energetics, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C.); Department of Radiology, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan (K.K.); Department of Radiology, Albert Einstein Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil (C.N.); Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, Mass (M.E.C.); Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Canada (F.J.R.); Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore (S.Y.T.); and Department of Radiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada (N.P.)
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Rief M, Chen MY, Vavere AL, Kendziora B, Miller JM, Bandettini WP, Cox C, George RT, Lima J, Di Carli M, Plotkin M, Zimmermann E, Laule M, Schlattmann P, Arai AE, Dewey M. Coronary Artery Disease: Analysis of Diagnostic Performance of CT Perfusion and MR Perfusion Imaging in Comparison with Quantitative Coronary Angiography and SPECT-Multicenter Prospective Trial. Radiology 2017; 286:461-470. [PMID: 28956734 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2017162447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To compare the diagnostic performance of stress myocardial computed tomography (CT) perfusion with that of stress myocardial magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion imaging in the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD). Materials and Methods All patients gave written informed consent prior to inclusion in this institutional review board-approved study. This two-center substudy of the prospective Combined Noninvasive Coronary Angiography and Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Using 320-Detector Row Computed Tomography (CORE320) multicenter trial included 92 patients (mean age, 63.1 years ± 8.1 [standard deviation]; 73% male). All patients underwent perfusion CT and perfusion MR imaging with either adenosine or regadenoson stress. The predefined reference standards were combined quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and single-photon emission CT (SPECT) or QCA alone. Results from coronary CT angiography were not included, and diagnostic performance was evaluated with the Mantel-Haenszel test stratified by disease status. Results The prevalence of CAD was 39% (36 of 92) according to QCA and SPECT and 64% (59 of 92) according to QCA alone. When compared with QCA and SPECT, per-patient diagnostic accuracy of perfusion CT and perfusion MR imaging was 63% (58 of 92) and 75% (69 of 92), respectively (P = .11); sensitivity was 92% (33 of 36) and 83% (30 of 36), respectively (P = .45); and specificity was 45% (25 of 56) and 70% (39 of 56), respectively (P < .01). When compared with QCA alone, diagnostic accuracy of CT perfusion and MR perfusion imaging was 82% (75 of 92) and 74% (68 of 92), respectively (P = .27); sensitivity was 90% (53 of 59) and 69% (41 of 59), respectively (P < .01); and specificity was 67% (22 of 33) and 82% (27 of 33), respectively (P = .27). Conclusion This multicenter study shows that the diagnostic performance of perfusion CT is similar to that of perfusion MR imaging in the detection of CAD. © RSNA, 2017 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rief
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Andrea L Vavere
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Benjamin Kendziora
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Julie M Miller
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - W Patricia Bandettini
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Christopher Cox
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Richard T George
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - João Lima
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Marcelo Di Carli
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Michail Plotkin
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Elke Zimmermann
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Michael Laule
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Peter Schlattmann
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Andrew E Arai
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
| | - Marc Dewey
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.R., B.K., E.Z., M.D.), Nuclear Medicine (M.P.), and Cardiology (M.L.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medical School, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (M.Y.C., W.P.B., A.E.A.); Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md (A.L.V., J.M.M., R.T.G., J.L.); Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md (C.C.); Departments of Radiology and Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.D.C.); and Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Documentation, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany (P.S.)
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