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McDonald RJ, McDonald JS. Iodinated Contrast and Nephropathy: Does It Exist and What Is the Actual Evidence? Radiol Clin North Am 2024; 62:959-969. [PMID: 39393854 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast material (ICM) is a critical component for many radiologic examinations and procedures. However, ICM has often been withheld in the past out of concern for its potential nephrotoxicity and increased risk of morbidity and mortality, often at the expense of diagnostic accuracy and timely diagnosis. Evidence from controlled studies now suggest that most cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by ICM were instead due to contrast-independent causes of AKI or normal variation in renal function. This study will discuss current knowledge of contrast-induced AKI, including the incidence, sequelae, risk factors, and prevention strategies of this potential complication.
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McDonald JS, McDonald RJ. Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Following IV Iodinated Contrast Media Exposure: 2023 Update, From the AJR Special Series on Contrast Media. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2024; 223:e2330037. [PMID: 37791729 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.30037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Iodinated contrast material (ICM) has revolutionized the field of diagnostic radiology through improvements in diagnostic performance and the expansion of clinical indications for radiographic and CT examinations. Historically, nephrotoxicity was a feared complication of ICM use, thought to be associated with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. Such fears often precluded the use of ICM in imaging evaluations, commonly at the expense of diagnostic performance and timely diagnosis. Over the past 20 years, the nephrotoxic risk of ICM has become a topic of debate, as more recent evidence from higher-quality studies now suggests that many cases of what was considered contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) likely were cases of mistaken causal attribution; most of these cases represented either acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by any of myriad other known factors that can adversely affect renal function and were coincidentally present at the time of contrast media exposure (termed "contrast-associated AKI" [CA-AKI]) or a manifestation of the normal variation in renal function that increases with worsening renal function. This Special Series Review discusses the current state of knowledge regarding CI-AKI and CA-AKI, including the incidence, risk factors, outcomes, and prophylactic strategies in the identification and management of these clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S McDonald
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905
| | - Robert J McDonald
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905
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Theofilis P, Kalaitzidis R. Navigating nephrotoxic waters: A comprehensive overview of contrast-induced acute kidney injury prevention. World J Radiol 2024; 16:168-183. [PMID: 38983842 PMCID: PMC11229940 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i6.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is the third leading cause of acute kidney injury deriving from the intravascular administration of contrast media in diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and leading to longer in-hospital stay and increased short and long-term mortality. Its pathophysiology, although not well-established, revolves around medullary hypoxia paired with the direct toxicity of the substance to the kidney. Critically ill patients, as well as those with pre-existing renal disease and cardiovascular comorbidities, are more susceptible to CI-AKI. Despite the continuous research in the field of CI-AKI prevention, clinical practice is based mostly on periprocedural hydration. In this review, all the investigated methods of prevention are presented, with an emphasis on the latest evidence regarding the potential of RenalGuard and contrast removal systems for CI-AKI prevention in high-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Theofilis
- Center for Nephrology "G Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Nikaia-Piraeus 18454, Greece
| | - Rigas Kalaitzidis
- Center for Nephrology "G Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia-Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Nikaia-Piraeus 18454, Greece
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Lyerly MJ, Chow D. Neuroimaging Considerations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105930. [PMID: 34176719 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease is a common medical condition that frequently overlaps with neurologic disease. Neuroimaging can be a useful tool to aid in the diagnoses of neurologic illness, including those that result from renal impairment. Some neuroimaging studies also have the potential to lead to adverse effects on the kidneys necessitating a thoughtful approach to selection of imaging modalities. In particular, multimodal imaging is becoming increasingly common in patients presenting with symptoms of acute stroke, a population that may be at higher risk for renal complications. This article will summarize the neuroimaging manifestations of conditions with shared renal and neurologic involvement and highlight considerations regarding the use of contrast media, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, and metformin-associated lactic acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Lyerly
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham USA; Birmingham VA Medical Center USA.
| | - Daniel Chow
- Department of Radiology, University of California-Irvine USA
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Abstract
It is essential for the colon and rectal surgeon to understand the evaluation and management of patients with both small and large bowel obstructions. Computed tomography is usually the most appropriate and accurate diagnostic imaging modality for most suspected bowel obstructions. Additional commonly used imaging modalities include plain radiographs and contrast imaging/fluoroscopy, while less commonly utilized imaging modalities include ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. Regardless of the imaging modality used, interpretation of imaging should involve a systematic, methodological approach to ensure diagnostic accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Nelms
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Brian R Kann
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Gilligan LA, Dillman JR, Su W, Zhang B, Chuang J, Trout AT. Primary thyroid dysfunction after single intravenous iodinated contrast exposure in young children: a propensity score matched analysis. Pediatr Radiol 2021; 51:640-648. [PMID: 33201320 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-020-04881-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data suggest an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction following iodine-based contrast material (IBCM) in children. OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) abnormalities following exposure to a single dose of intravenous IBCM during computed tomography (CT) in young children. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inpatients ≤24 months of age who underwent a single CT with intravenous IBCM (exposed cohort) or abdominal ultrasound (US) (unexposed cohort) examination and had a TSH value obtained within 90 days after imaging between January 2009 to November 2018 were identified. Propensity score matching with 20 variables was performed. Primary thyroid dysfunction was defined by abnormally high or low TSH value. Multivariable logistic regression identified risk factors, including intravenous IBCM, for thyroid dysfunction. RESULTS From the eligible 4,215 imaging examinations, 114 unique patients were included in the propensity matched population (n=57 per group). Thyroid dysfunction was identified in 14% (8/57) and 7% (4/57) of the IBCM-exposed and IBCM-unexposed cohorts, respectively. No patient in either cohort was started on thyroid hormone supplementation within the 3 months after imaging. Intravenous IBCM exposure was not a significant predictor of thyroid dysfunction on univariable (odds ratio [OR]=2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.61-7.64, P=0.23) or multivariable (OR=2.61, 95% CI=0.65-10.55, P=0.18) analyses. Significant independent predictors of post-imaging thyroid dysfunction included height (OR=1.25, P=0.0095) and trisomy 21 (OR=4.04, P=0.019). CONCLUSION Hospitalized children ≤24 months of age who received a single dose of intravenous IBCM for CT examination had a similar prevalence of TSH abnormalities compared to a propensity score matched group who underwent abdominal US. One dose of intravenous IBCM likely does not cause prolonged TSH abnormalities; however, larger studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Gilligan
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 5031, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 5031, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Weizhe Su
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Janet Chuang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Andrew T Trout
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 5031, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. .,Department of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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Sebastià C, Páez-Carpio A, Guillen E, Paño B, Garcia-Cinca D, Poch E, Oleaga L, Nicolau C. Oral hydration compared to intravenous hydration in the prevention of post-contrast acute kidney injury in patients with chronic kidney disease stage IIIb: A phase III non-inferiority study (NICIR study). Eur J Radiol 2021; 136:109509. [PMID: 33516141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the non-inferiority of oral hydration compared to intravenous (i.v.) hydration in the prevention of post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) in patients with stage IIIb chronic kidney disease (CKD) referred for an elective contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a prospective, randomized, phase 3, parallel-group, open-label, non-inferiority trial. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive prophylaxis against PC-AKI either with oral hydration: 500 mL of water two hours before and 2000 mL during the 24 h after performing CE-CT or i.v. hydration: sodium bicarbonate (166 mmol/L) 3 mL/kg/h starting one hour before and sodium bicarbonate (166 mmol/L) 1 mL/kg/h during the first hour after CE-CT. 100 mL of non-ionic iodinated contrast was administered in all cases. The primary outcome was the proportion of PC-AKI in the first 48-72 h after CE-CT. Secondary outcomes were persistent PC-AKI, the need for hemodialysis, and the occurrence of adverse events related to prophylaxis. RESULTS Of 264 patients randomized between January 2018 and January 2019, 114 received oral hydration, and 114 received i.v. hydration and were evaluable. No significant differences were found (p > 0.05) between arms in clinical characteristics or risk factors. PC-AKI rate was 4.4 % (95 %CI: 1.4-9.9 %) in the oral hydration arm and 5.3 % (95 %CI: 2.0-11.1%) in the i.v. hydration arm. The persistent PC-AKI rate was 1.8 % (95 %CI: 0.2-6.2 %) in both arms. No patient required dialysis during the first month after CE-CT or had adverse effects related to the hydration regime. CONCLUSION In those with stage IIIb CKD referred for an elective CE-CT, we provide evidence of non-inferiority of oral hydration compared to i.v. hydration in the prevention of PC-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sebastià
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Elena Guillen
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca Paño
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Esteban Poch
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Oleaga
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Campus Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Nicolau
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona, Campus Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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Lei M, Liu C, Luo Z, Xu Z, Jiang Y, Lin J, Wang C, Jiang D. Diagnostic management of inpatients with a positive D-dimer test: developing a new clinical decision-making rule for pulmonary embolism. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:2045894020943378. [PMID: 33456753 PMCID: PMC7797584 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020943378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A positive D-dimer test has high sensitivity but relatively poor specificity
for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, causing difficulty for clinicians
unskilled in pulmonary embolism diagnosis in determining whether a patient
with a positive D-dimer test needs to undergo computed tomographic pulmonary
angiography. Objectives We sought to develop a new clinical decision-making rule based on a positive
D-dimer result to predict the probability of pulmonary embolism and to guide
clinicians in making decisions regarding the need for computed tomographic
pulmonary angiography. Methods We conducted a prospective, multicenter study in three hospitals in China. A
total of 3014 inpatients with positive D-dimer results were included. In the
derivation group, we built a multivariate logistic regression model and
deduced a regression equation from which our score was derived. Finally, we
validated the score in an independent cohort. Results Our score included nine variables (points): chest pain (1.4), chest tightness
(2.3), shortness of breath (3.6), hemoptysis (3.4), heart rate ≥100
beats/min (3.6), blood gas analysis (2.9), electrocardiogram presenting a
typical S1Q3T3 pattern (4.1), electrocardiogram findings (2.4), and
ultrasonic cardiogram findings (3.7). The sensitivities and specificities
were 100% and 86.94%, respectively, in the derivation group and 100% and
90.82%, respectively, in the validation group. Additionally, the observed
and predicted proportions of patients who underwent computed tomographic
pulmonary angiography were 16.82% and 10.76%, respectively, in the
derivation group and 18.72% and 11.40%, respectively, in the validation
group. Conclusions The new score can categorize inpatients with a positive D-dimer test as
pulmonary embolism-likely or pulmonary embolism-unlikely, thus reducing
unnecessary computed tomographic pulmonary angiography examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lei
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Respiratory medicine, The Second Clinical Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuang Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Clinical Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Zhibo Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu City, Chengdu, China
| | - Youfan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory medicine, The Second Clinical Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Chengdu City, Chengdu, China
| | - Chu Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Clinical Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Depeng Jiang
- Department of Respiratory medicine, The Second Clinical Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhao N, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Xu Z, Tong W, Li L, Mao Q, Song Y, Jin J, Huang L, Azzalini L, Zhao X. Effects of a High Dose of the Contrast Medium Iodixanol on Renal Function in Patients Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Angiology 2020; 72:145-152. [PMID: 32911955 DOI: 10.1177/0003319720953044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iodixanol is associated with lower rates of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). However, the effects of high volumes of iodixanol on renal function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been fully elucidated. This study evaluates the effects of high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol on renal function within 72 hours of PCI. We retrospectively reviewed 676 consecutive patients who received high-dose (>300 mL) iodixanol during PCI between October 2015 and December 2017 in 4 centers. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify significant independent predictors for CI-AKI. The incidence of CI-AKI was 3.5% (23/651). In patients administered 300 to 500 mL and >500 mL iodixanol, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.9% and 1.7%, respectively. In patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, the incidence of CI-AKI was 2.6%. In high-risk and very high-risk patients, stratified by the Mehran risk score, the incidence of CI-AKI was 3.3% and 4.3%, respectively. In patients received high-dose iodixanol (>300 mL), logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex, chronic kidney disease, and eGFR were independent risk factors for CI-AKI, but contrast volume was not. The administration of high (300-500 mL) and very high (>500 mL) dose of iodixanol is associated with low rates of CI-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Zaiyan Chen
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yinpin Zhou
- The Fuling Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- The Fifth people's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhonglin Xu
- The Ninth people's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Wuyang Tong
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lufeng Li
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Mao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yaoming Song
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lorenzo Azzalini
- Division of Cardiology, VCU Health Pauley Heart Center, 6889Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Institution of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital, 105785Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Shin H, Taghavifar S, Salehi S, Joyce P, Gholamrezanezhad A. Current comments on contrast media administration in patients with renal insufficiency. Clin Imaging 2020; 69:37-44. [PMID: 32652456 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Contrast media administration has been associated with complications such as nephropathy, cardiovascular morbidity, and neurovascular events, particularly in patients with renal insufficiency. This association has been questioned in recent studies. This review was performed to summarize the most current evidence on contrast induced nephropathy (CIN), contributing factors, and considerations in patients with renal insufficiency. The risk of CIN was over-estimated by the previous studies, due to a lack of control groups or presence of non-randomized control groups, which led to a selection bias. However, the thresholds associated with an increased risk of CIN are controversial and require risk-benefit analysis on an individual basis. Regarding the administration of contrast media (CM) in the emergency setting, the majority of studies suggested that CM exposure does not meaningfully increase the risk of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients (including trauma patients). Several strategies have been suggested to reduce the risk of CIN, including volume expansion to increase renal blood flow, sodium bicarbonate or N-acetylcysteine administration, and use of low-osmolal contrast media in end-stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeseop Shin
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Sana Salehi
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Peter Joyce
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ali Gholamrezanezhad
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Wee NK, Tiong SC, Lee CH, H'ng MWC. Safety of a rapid outpatient hydration protocol for patients with renal impairment requiring intravenous iodinated contrast media for CT. Singapore Med J 2020; 62:588-593. [PMID: 32460449 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2020078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients receiving intravenous iodinated contrast media (IOCM) for CT are predisposed to contrast-induced nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease is an important risk factor, and hydration is the mainstay of prevention. While inpatients can undergo intravenous hydration, there is a knowledge deficit regarding regimens for outpatients. We employed a rapid outpatient hydration protocol to reduce postponement of scan appointments for patients with suboptimal estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). METHODS From June 2015, we amended our CT preparation protocol to mandate rapid hydration (oral, intravenous or both) for patients with an eGFR of 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Patients receiving this hydration protocol from June to November 2015 were followed up for one month to monitor any admissions for fluid overload, and up to one year to determine the long-term effect on eGFR. RESULTS 226 outpatients received the hydration protocol, which correlated with a 95% reduction in postponement of imaging appointments. No complications of fluid overload from hydration were encountered. There was a significant association between age and decrease in eGFR, but this was not significant when stratified by drop in eGFR category. No statistical significance was found between decrease in eGFR and gender or race. Higher baseline eGFR was less likely to be associated with decrease in eGFR after imaging. Type of hydration was not related to a drop in eGFR category for patients with eGFR of 45-59 mL/min/1.73 m2. CONCLUSION We defined a shorter hydration regimen that is safe to use in the outpatient setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Kessa Wee
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Siew Ching Tiong
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chau Hung Lee
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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12
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Use of Contrast Medium Volume to Guide Prophylactic Hydration to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury After Contrast Administration: A Meta-Analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020; 215:15-24. [PMID: 32348183 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.19.22325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to determine whether contrast medium volume and method of administration and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate influence the efficacy of prophylactic hydration for prevention of acute kidney injury after contrast administration. MATERIALS AND METHODS. An online search of PubMed conducted on August 25, 2017, produced a total of 697 studies. After the reports were reviewed, nine were included in this study. The extracted data on all patients in these studies were separated into a group that received prophylactic hydration and a group that did not. The following three parameters were used for subgroup analysis: contrast medium volume, contrast administration method, and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate. The t test was performed, and study-level odds ratios with 95% CIs and p values were calculated. Tests of heterogeneity were conducted. RESULTS. When the volume of contrast agent administered exceeded 100 mL, hydration was beneficial in the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (odds ratio, 0.546). If the volume was less than 100 mL, hydration had no efficacy in preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury (odds ratio, 0.917). Administration route and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate exerted no effect on the efficacy of prophylactic hydration. CONCLUSION. For patients who receive less than 100 mL of contrast medium, the prevalent practice for contrast-enhanced CT studies, prophylactic hydration may not be necessary, regardless of the estimated glomerular filtration rate or route of contrast administration. For patients undergoing procedures requiring administration of large volumes of contrast medium, however, hydration is recommended to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury.
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13
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Shah R, Le FK, Labroo A, Khan MR. Contrast-associated acute kidney injury. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2020; 10:891-894. [PMID: 32355657 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2020.03.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Shah
- Department of Medicine, Gulf Coast Medical Center, The Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida, USA
| | - Francis K Le
- Department of Medicine, Gulf Coast Medical Center, The Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida, USA
| | - Ajay Labroo
- Department of Medicine, Gulf Coast Medical Center, The Alabama College of Osteopathic Medicine, Panama City, Florida, USA
| | - M Rehan Khan
- Department of Radiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Hur KY, Kim MK, Ko SH, Han M, Lee DW, Kwon HS. Metformin treatment for patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Nephrology consensus statement. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2020; 39:32-39. [PMID: 32138474 PMCID: PMC7105629 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.20.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety of metformin use for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and advanced kidney disease is controversial, and more recent guidelines have suggested that metformin be used cautiously in this group until more definitive evidence concerning its safety is available. The Korean Diabetes Association and the Korean Society of Nephrology have agreed on consensus statements concerning metformin use for patients with T2DM and renal dysfunction, particularly when these patients undergo imaging studies using iodinated contrast media (ICM). Metformin can be used safely when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is ≥ 45 mL/min/1.73 m2. If the eGFR is between 30 and 44 mL/min/1.73 m2, metformin treatment should not be started. If metformin is already in use, a daily dose of ≤ 1,000 mg is recommended. Metformin is contraindicated when the eGFR is < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. Renal function should be evaluated prior to any ICM-related procedures. During procedures involving intravenous administration of ICM, metformin should be discontinued starting the day of the procedures and up to 48 hours post-procedures if the eGFR is < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Kyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Sang Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Paltiel HJ. Hospitalized Children with Stable Kidney Function Rarely Develop Contrast-induced Nephropathy. Radiology 2020; 294:557-558. [DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019192666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet J. Paltiel
- From the Department of Radiology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115
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Davenport MS, Perazella MA, Yee J, Dillman JR, Fine D, McDonald RJ, Rodby RA, Wang CL, Weinreb JC. Use of Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Media in Patients with Kidney Disease: Consensus Statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation. Radiology 2020; 294:660-668. [PMID: 31961246 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2019192094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous iodinated contrast media are commonly used with CT to evaluate disease and to determine treatment response. The risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) developing in patients with reduced kidney function following exposure to intravenous iodinated contrast media has been overstated. This is due primarily to historic lack of control groups sufficient to separate contrast-induced AKI (CI-AKI; ie, AKI caused by contrast media administration) from contrast-associated AKI (CA-AKI; ie, AKI coincident to contrast media administration). Although the true risk of CI-AKI remains uncertain for patients with severe kidney disease, prophylaxis with intravenous normal saline is indicated for patients who have AKI or an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 who are not undergoing maintenance dialysis. In individual high-risk circumstances, prophylaxis may be considered in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30-44 mL/min/1.73 m2 at the discretion of the ordering clinician. This article is a simultaneous joint publication in Radiology and Kidney Medicine. The articles are identical except for stylistic changes in keeping with each journal's style. Either version may be used in citing this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Davenport
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Mark A Perazella
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Jerry Yee
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Derek Fine
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Robert J McDonald
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Roger A Rodby
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Carolyn L Wang
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
| | - Jeffrey C Weinreb
- From the Departments of Radiology (M.S.D.) and Urology (M.S.D.), Michigan Medicine, 1500 E Medical Center Dr, B2-A209P, Ann Arbor, Mich 48109; Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); American College of Radiology, Reston, Va (M.S.D., J.R.D., R.J.M., C.L.W., J.C.W.); National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY (M.A.P., D.F., R.A.R.); Section of Nephrology (M.A.P., J.C.W.) and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging (J.C.W.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn; Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Mich (J.Y.); Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio (J.R.D.); Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Md (D.F.); Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (R.J.M.); Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Ill (R.A.R.); and Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash (C.L.W.)
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Hur KY, Kim MK, Ko SH, Han M, Lee DW, Kwon HS. Metformin Treatment for Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Nephrology Consensus Statement. Diabetes Metab J 2020; 44:3-10. [PMID: 32097995 PMCID: PMC7043977 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The safety of metformin use for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and advanced kidney disease is controversial, and more recent guidelines have suggested that metformin be used cautiously in this group until more definitive evidence concerning its safety is available. The Korean Diabetes Association and the Korean Society of Nephrology have agreed on consensus statements concerning metformin use for patients with T2DM and renal dysfunction, particularly when these patients undergo imaging studies using iodinated contrast media (ICM). Metformin can be used safely when the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is ≥45 mL/min/1.73 m². If the eGFR is between 30 and 44 mL/min/1.73 m², metformin treatment should not be started. If metformin is already in use, a daily dose of ≤1,000 mg is recommended. Metformin is contraindicated when the eGFR is <30 mL/min/1.73 m². Renal function should be evaluated prior to any ICM-related procedures. During procedures involving intravenous administration of ICM, metformin should be discontinued starting the day of the procedures and up to 48 hours post-procedures if the eGFR is <60 mL/min/1.73 m².
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee Kyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
| | - Miyeun Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Dong Won Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
| | - Hyuk Sang Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Davenport MS, Perazella MA, Yee J, Dillman JR, Fine D, McDonald RJ, Rodby RA, Wang CL, Weinreb JC. Use of Intravenous Iodinated Contrast Media in Patients With Kidney Disease: Consensus Statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation. Kidney Med 2020; 2:85-93. [PMID: 33015613 PMCID: PMC7525144 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous iodinated contrast media are commonly used with CT to evaluate disease and to determine treatment response. The risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) developing in patients with reduced kidney function following exposure to intravenous iodinated contrast media has been overstated. This is due primarily to historic lack of control groups sufficient to separate contrast-induced AKI (CI-AKI; ie, AKI caused by contrast media administration) from contrast-associated AKI (CA-AKI; ie, AKI coincident to contrast media administration). Although the true risk of CI-AKI remains uncertain for patients with severe kidney disease, prophylaxis with intravenous normal saline is indicated for patients who have AKI or an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 who are not undergoing maintenance dialysis. In individual high-risk circumstances, prophylaxis may be considered in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 30-44 mL/min/1.73 m2 at the discretion of the ordering clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Davenport
- Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI.,Department of Urology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI.,Michigan Radiology Quality Collaborative, Ann Arbor, MI.,American College of Radiology, Reston, VA
| | - Mark A Perazella
- National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY.,Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jerry Yee
- Department of Nephrology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- American College of Radiology, Reston, VA.,Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center at University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Derek Fine
- National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY.,Department of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert J McDonald
- American College of Radiology, Reston, VA.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Roger A Rodby
- National Kidney Foundation, New York, NY.,Department of Nephrology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Carolyn L Wang
- American College of Radiology, Reston, VA.,Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jeffrey C Weinreb
- American College of Radiology, Reston, VA.,Section of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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19
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Gilligan LA, Davenport MS, Trout AT, Su W, Zhang B, Goldstein SL, Dillman JR. Risk of Acute Kidney Injury Following Contrast-enhanced CT in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients: A Propensity Score Analysis. Radiology 2020; 294:548-556. [PMID: 31961262 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020191931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a concern in hospitalized children undergoing CT with intravenous iodinated contrast material (ICM). Adult studies have shown frequencies of AKI after CT with intravenous ICM to be similar to propensity score-matched ICM-unexposed patient groups; similar data in pediatric patients are lacking. Purpose To evaluate the association between intravenous ICM exposure and AKI in hospitalized pediatric patients with stable kidney function undergoing contrast material-enhanced CT by comparing with a propensity score-matched ICM-unexposed patient sample undergoing abdominal US. Materials and Methods In this retrospective observational study, hospitalized patients aged 18 years or younger with stable kidney function and available serum creatinine (SCr) measurement before and after imaging who underwent CT with intravenous ICM or abdominal US (control group) between January 2009 and November 2018 were identified. The 1:1 propensity score matching was performed by using 23 covariates, stratified by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before imaging (≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or <60 mL/min/1.73 m2). AKI was defined by using Acute Kidney Injury Network SCr-related criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for AKI after imaging, including the effects of eGFR and intravenous ICM exposure before imaging. Results A total of 1850 unique patients were included in the propensity score-matched sample (925 exposed to ICM [mean age ± standard deviation, 8 years ± 6; 484 female patients]; 925 unexposed to ICM [mean age, 7 years ± 6; 484 female patients]). Frequency of AKI with eGFR greater than or equal to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 2.2% (20 of 889) for CT and US (odds ratio [OR]: 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52, 1.86; adjusted P = .95) and with eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 5.6% (two of 36) and 11.1% (four of 36) for CT and US, respectively (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.11, 5.00; adjusted P = .76). Significant multivariable predictors of AKI included eGFR before imaging (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.98, 0.995; P = .001), body mass index (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.10; P = .003), acquired kidney disease (OR: 1.95; 95% CI: 1.004, 3.78; P = .049), and nephrotoxic antibiotic exposure (OR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.55, 5.25; P < .001). Intravenous ICM exposure was not predictive (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.51, 1.64; P > .05). Conclusion Hospitalized children with stable kidney function who underwent CT with intravenous iodinated contrast material (ICM) had a similar frequency of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared with a propensity score-matched ICM-unexposed patient group. In pediatric inpatients with estimated glomerular filtration rate greater than or equal to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, ICM was not independently associated with AKI. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Paltiel in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah A Gilligan
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew S Davenport
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Andrew T Trout
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Weizhe Su
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Bin Zhang
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Stuart L Goldstein
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- From the Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC 5031, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 (L.A.G., A.T.T., J.R.D.); Department of Graduate Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio (L.A.G.); Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.); Departments of Radiology (A.T.T., J.R.D.) and Pediatrics (B.Z., S.L.G.), University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology (W.S., B.Z.) and Division of Nephrology and Hypertension (S.L.G.), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
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Delgado Acosta F, Jiménez Gómez E, Bravo Rey I, Valverde Moyano R, de Asís Bravo-Rodriguez F, Oteros Fernández R. Contrast-induced nephropathy: A dilemma between loss of neurons or nephrons in the setting of endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Interv Neuroradiol 2019; 26:33-37. [PMID: 31645156 DOI: 10.1177/1591019919883755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim is to report the incidence and risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy after the use of iodine-based contrast for the endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Data from patients who underwent neuroendovascular procedures in a center over a period of 22 months were analysed retrospectively. Contrast-induced nephropathy was determined by an increase in serum creatinine level of >25% of baseline or an absolute increase in serum creatinine level of at least 44 µmol/L (0.50 mg/dL) occurring after intravascular administration of contrast media without alternative explanation. The primary outcome measure of this study was the presence of contrast-induced nephropathy in these treated patients. Continuous data were presented as mean ± standard deviation, and categorical data as frequencies or percentages. The comparison was made using Student's t-test or Fisher's test. Logistic regression was performed to find independent contrast-induced nephropathy predictors. All statistical analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS One hundred and eighty-nine patients undergoing endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Twenty cases of the total cohort (n = 189) presented contrast-induced nephropathy (10.58%). Only diabetes and creatinine levels between 1.3 and 2.5 mg/dL were associated with contrast-induced nephropathy. No patient was treated with dialysis. CONCLUSION Contrast-induced nephropathy is a relatively common complication after endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke and is associated with worse outcome in patients with this condition. However, there is no increase in the frequency of hemodialysis after the use of iodinated contrast medium.
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21
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Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Undergoing Imaging Studies: A Meta-Analysis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019; 213:728-735. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.19.21309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gerk U, Franke RP, Krüger-Genge A, Jung F. Acute effects of Iodixanol on renal function after intra-arterial administration in patients with end-stage kidney disease. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2019; 70:391-398. [PMID: 30320567 DOI: 10.3233/ch-189304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), a potentially life-threatening complication of iodinated contrast media in patients with impaired renal function, has attracted increasing attention in recent years. There is overwhelming evidence that the most important pre-disposing factor for a contrast-medium induced nephropathy is the pre-existence of a renal impairment. METHODS The registry was performed as a part of a quality management project in the Dresden-Friedrichstadt heart catheter laboratory. In compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki/Somerset West, 9,026 patients were included between 2010 and 2015. 100 patients of these were participants in a chronic dialysis program. All patients were dialyzed on the day before angiography. In all patients a coronary angiography, in 28 patients a stent implantation and in 12 patients a surgical reconstruction had to be performed. Prior to the intervention and one, two and three days thereafter the serum creatinine was measured. RESULTS Up to the third day after application of the iodinated contrast medium no significant changes of the serum creatinine (baseline value: 423.3±42.6μmol/l) occurred (ANOVA for repeated measures: p = 0.507). On average, a slight decrease of the serum creatinine was found.All patients remained in their routine dialysis-program. 18 out of 100 died during the next three months after the procedure. CONCLUSION The study revealed that the coronary angiography using Iodixanol as iodinated contrast medium did not result in an increase of serum creatinine, which was drastically elevated in these patients before application of the iodinated contrast medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Gerk
- Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, II. Medizinische Klinik, Dresden, Germany
| | - R P Franke
- Department of Biomaterials, Central Institute for Biomedical Technology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - A Krüger-Genge
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,Fraunhofer Institute Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Division of Life Science and Bioprocesses, Department of Biomaterials and Healthcare, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Clinical Haemostasiology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Maloney E, Iyer RS, Phillips GS, Menon S, Lee JJ, Callahan MJ. Practical administration of intravenous contrast media in children: screening, prophylaxis, administration and treatment of adverse reactions. Pediatr Radiol 2019; 49:433-447. [PMID: 30923875 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-018-4306-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Administration of intravenous contrast media to children is a routine practice at many clinical imaging centers, that can involve special considerations. In this paper, we provide practical information to facilitate optimal performance and oversight of this task. We provide targeted screening questions that can help to identify high-risk pediatric patients for both iodine-based and gadolinium-based intravenous contrast media administration. These include children at risk for allergic-like reactions, thyroid dysfunction, contrast-induced nephropathy, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. We make recommendations for addressing "yes" responses to screening questions using risk stratification schema that are specific to children. We also present criteria for selecting children for premedication prior to intravenous contrast administration, and suggest pediatric regimens. Additionally, we discuss practical nuances of intravenous contrast media administration to children and provide a quick-reference table of appropriate treatments with pediatric dosages for adverse contrast reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel Maloney
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
| | - Ramesh S Iyer
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Grace S Phillips
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA
| | - Shina Menon
- Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John J Lee
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Atherosclerosis on CT Angiogram Predicts Acute Kidney Injury After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2018; 211:677-683. [DOI: 10.2214/ajr.17.19340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Piersson A, Gorleku P. The use of gadolinium-based contrast agents in Ghana with a focus on residual intracranial gadolinium deposition. Radiography (Lond) 2018; 24:e51-e55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Nouh MR, El-Shazly MA. Radiographic and magnetic resonances contrast agents: Essentials and tips for safe practices. World J Radiol 2017; 9:339-349. [PMID: 29098067 PMCID: PMC5658629 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v9.i9.339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With extended and continued expansion of medical imaging utilization in modern medical practice over last decade, radiologists as well as other faculty staff dealing with radiographic and magnetic resonances contrast media (CM) have to be well oriented with their potential hypersensitivity reactions and recognize high-risk groups liable to develop it and enable early recognition. Radiologists and other medical staff involved in administration and dealing with CM have to be ready to implement prompt, practical and effective management plan to deal with these scenarios should they emerge. Strategies to prevent potential contrast-induced acute and delayed renal injuries have to be routinely exercised. Paying attention to the pregnant and nursing women, pediatrics, diabetics, as well as other fragile populations is of utmost importance for patient safety during contrast administrations. Radiologists should play a pivotal role in orienting patients about necessity to use CM for their imaging studies, in case it is needed, and assure them about its safety. Moreover, they have to be oriented with the medico-legal issues related to use of CM. These will pay as improved patient safety as well as safe daily working environmentat different levels of radiology practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed R Nouh
- Department of Radiology and Clinical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21563, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Shazly
- Department of Radiology and Clinical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
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Feldkamp T, Luedemann M, Spehlmann ME, Freitag-Wolf S, Gaensbacher J, Schulte K, Bajrovic A, Hinzmann D, Hippe HJ, Kunzendorf U, Frey N, Luedde M. Radial access protects from contrast media induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization procedures. Clin Res Cardiol 2017; 107:148-157. [PMID: 28939956 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-017-1166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess, whether cardiac catheterization via radial access prevents contrast-induced nephropathy. BACKGROUND Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a major clinical problem which accounts for more than 10% of acute kidney injury cases in hospitalized patients. Protective measures such as the infusion of isotonic saline solution or acetylcysteine have not consistently been proven to prevent acute kidney injury (AKI). However, there is growing evidence that radial access for coronary angiography and coronary intervention is associated with a lower incidence of AKI compared to femoral access. METHODS AND RESULTS In a retrospective monocentric analysis, 2937 patients that had undergone cardiac catheterization were examined. Up to 2013, coronary intervention was performed primarily via the femoral artery in our hospital; thereafter, interventions were primarily done via the radial artery. In the cohort under study, 1141 patients had received catheterization using the radial access while 1796 were examined via the femoral artery. No significant differences were found in the two groups regarding the amount of iodinated contrast medium applied [femoral group: 180 (120-260) ml; radial group: 180 (120-250) ml; P = 0.438]. A total of 400 (13.6%) patients developed acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac catheterization (85.3% AKI stage 1; 12.8% AKI stage 2; 2% AKI stage 3). AKI was significantly less frequent in patients that had received radial access compared to patients with femoral access (10.1 vs. 15.9%, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that patient age (1.03/year; 95% CI 1.02-1.04/year; P < 0.001), the amount of contrast media applied (OR 1.003/ml; 95% CI 1.002-1.004/ml; P < 0.001), acute coronary syndrome (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.52-2.66; P < 0.001), CKD (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.50-1.70; P < 0.001), pre-existing heart failure (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.00-1.42 P = 0.007), previous myocardial infarction (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.15-1.49; P = 0.001), diabetes (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.04-1.41; P = 0.020) and serum creatinine before the procedure (1.45/mg/dl; 95% CI 1.24-1.69/mg/dl; P < 0.001) were important risk factors for the occurrence of AKI. Our analysis points to a significant risk reduction using radial access (OR 0.65; 95% CI 0.51-0.83; P < 0.001). Interestingly, this reduction in risk was also evident in patients with CKD (OR 0.59; 95% CI 0.41-0.87; P = 0.007). The superiority of radial access was particularly obvious in the subgroup of patients with acute coronary syndrome (13.1% AKI in the radial access group vs. 23.6% AKI in the femoral access group, OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.34-0.81; P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our study shows that cardiac catheterization using radial access bears significantly lower risk of AKI than cardiac catheterization via femoral access. The advantage of radial access in acute coronary syndrome regarding morbidity and mortality could partly be explained by the here demonstrated reduced risk for AKI. Thus, radial access should be preferred in patients at risk for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Feldkamp
- Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maya Luedemann
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Martina E Spehlmann
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Sandra Freitag-Wolf
- Institute for Medical Information Technology and Statistics, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Julia Gaensbacher
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Kevin Schulte
- Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Amer Bajrovic
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Hinzmann
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Joerg Hippe
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kunzendorf
- Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany
| | - Mark Luedde
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Schleswig Holstein, Campus Kiel, Rosalind-Franklin-Str.12, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
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Mathur M, Weinreb JC. Imaging patients with renal impairment. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2016; 41:1108-21. [PMID: 27015867 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Imaging with intravascular contrast media is generally considered safe, particularly in patients without renal failure. However, as renal function deteriorates, the potential risk of nonallergic-type adverse events increases. This presents a unique challenge, particularly when the use of intravenous contrast media is deemed essential for diagnostic purposes. Following a discussion regarding the definition and epidemiology of kidney injury, this review focuses on the evolving understanding of both contrast-induced nephropathy and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and discusses preventative strategies aimed at minimizing the risk of developing these entities. Alternative non-contrast imaging techniques are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahan Mathur
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, Room TE-2, PO Box 208042, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Jeffrey C Weinreb
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, Room TE-2, PO Box 208042, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Using 80 kVp on a 320-row scanner for hepatic multiphasic CT reduces the contrast dose by 50 % in patients at risk for contrast-induced nephropathy. Eur Radiol 2016; 27:812-820. [PMID: 27240454 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-016-4435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of a low contrast material (CM) dose protocol using 80-kVp on the image quality of hepatic multiphasic CT scans acquired on a 320-row CT scanner. METHODS We scanned 30 patients with renal insufficiency (eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2) using 80-kVp and a CM dose of 300mgI/kg. Another 30 patients without renal insufficiency (eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) were scanned with the conventional 120-kVp protocol and the standard CM dose of 600mgI/kg. Quantitative image quality parameters, i.e. CT attenuation, image noise, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were compared and the visual image quality was scored on a four-point scale. The volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) recorded with the 80- and the 120-kVp protocols were also compared. RESULTS Image noise and contrast enhancement were equivalent for the two protocols. There was no significant difference in the CNR of all anatomic sites and in the visual scores for overall image quality. The CTDIvol and SSDE were approximately 25-30 % lower under the 80-kVp protocol. CONCLUSION Hepatic multiphase CT using 80-kVp on a 320-row CT scanner allowed for a decrease in the CM dose and a reduction in the radiation dose without image quality degradation in patients with renal insufficiency. KEY POINTS • The 80-kVp CT protocol enabled reduction of contrast dose by 50 % • The 80-kVp CT protocol reduced the radiation dose by 25-33 % • There was no degradation in the image quality of the 80-kVp protocol.
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30
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Zhao L, Winklhofer S, Yang Z, Wang K, He W. Optimal Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction Percentage in Dual-energy Monochromatic CT Portal Venography. Acad Radiol 2016; 23:337-43. [PMID: 26777591 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this article was to study the influence of different adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) percentages on the image quality of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) portal venography in portal hypertension patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS DECT scans of 40 patients with cirrhosis (mean age, 56 years) at the portal venous phase were retrospectively analyzed. Monochromatic images at 60 and 70 keV were reconstructed with four ASIR percentages: 0%, 30%, 50%, and 70%. Computed tomography (CT) numbers of the portal veins (PVs), liver parenchyma, and subcutaneous fat tissue in the abdomen were measured. The standard deviation from the region of interest of the liver parenchyma was interpreted as the objective image noise (IN). The contrast-noise ratio (CNR) between PV and liver parenchyma was calculated. The diagnostic acceptability (DA) and sharpness of PV margins were obtained using a 5-point score. The IN, CNR, DA, and sharpness of PV were compared among the eight groups with different keV + ASIR level combinations. RESULTS The IN, CNR, DA, and sharpness of PV of different keV + ASIR groups were all statistically different (P < 0.05). In the eight groups, the best and worst CNR were obtained in the 60 keV + 70% ASIR and 70 keV + 0% ASIR (filtered back-projection [FBP]) combination, respectively, whereas the largest and smallest objective IN were obtained in the 60 keV + 0% ASIR (FBP) and 70 keV + 70% combination. The highest DA and sharpness values of PV were obtained at 50% ASIR for 60 keV. CONCLUSIONS An optimal ASIR percentage (50%) combined with an appropriate monochromatic energy level (60 keV) provides the highest DA in portal venography imaging, whereas for the higher monochromatic energy (70 keV) images, 30% ASIR provides the highest image quality, with less IN than 60 keV with 50% ASIR.
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McDonald RJ, McDonald JS, Newhouse JH, Davenport MS. Controversies in Contrast Material–induced Acute Kidney Injury: Closing in on the Truth? Radiology 2015; 277:627-32. [PMID: 26599922 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2015151486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J McDonald
- From the Departments of Radiology of Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (R.J.M., J.S.M.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.H.N.); and University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.)
| | - Jennifer S McDonald
- From the Departments of Radiology of Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (R.J.M., J.S.M.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.H.N.); and University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.)
| | - Jeffrey H Newhouse
- From the Departments of Radiology of Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (R.J.M., J.S.M.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.H.N.); and University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.)
| | - Matthew S Davenport
- From the Departments of Radiology of Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (R.J.M., J.S.M.); Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (J.H.N.); and University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Mich (M.S.D.)
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Wichmann JL, Katzberg RW, Litwin SE, Zwerner PL, De Cecco CN, Vogl TJ, Costello P, Schoepf UJ. Contrast-Induced Nephropathy. Circulation 2015; 132:1931-6. [DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.115.014672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian L. Wichmann
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Richard W. Katzberg
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Sheldon E. Litwin
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Peter L. Zwerner
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Carlo N. De Cecco
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Thomas J. Vogl
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - Philip Costello
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
| | - U. Joseph Schoepf
- From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science (J.L.W., R.W.K., S.E.L., P.L.Z., C.N.D.C., P.C., U.J.S.), Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (S.E.L., P.L.Z., U.J.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (J.L.W., T.J.V.)
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Sailer AM, Nelemans PJ, van Berlo C, Yazar O, de Haan MW, Fleischmann D, Schurink GWH. Endovascular treatment of complex aortic aneurysms: prevalence of acute kidney injury and effect on long-term renal function. Eur Radiol 2015; 26:1613-9. [PMID: 26431707 PMCID: PMC4863901 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-3993-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To analyse predictors for short- and long-term renal function changes after fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). Methods A total of 157 patients underwent fenestrated and branched EVAR. Procedural intra-arterial iodinated contrast volume was documented. Serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline, during 48 h following EVAR, at discharge and latest moment of follow-up were recorded. Development of post-EVAR acute kidney injury (AKI; according to AKIN criteria), and potential risk factors for renal failure were recorded. Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for AKI and eGFR decrease during follow-up. Results Forty-three patients (28 %) developed post-EVAR AKI. Long procedure time and occlusion of accessory renal arteries were independent risk factors for development of AKI. (odds ratio (OR) 1.005 per minute, 95 % CI 1.001–1.01; p = 0.025 and OR 3.02, 95 % CI 1.19–8.16; p = 0.029). Post-EVAR AKI was associated with a significantly increased risk for eGFR decrease at discharge and latest follow-up (hazard ratio (HR) 3.47, 95 % CI 1.63–7.36, p = 0.001 and HR 3.01, 95 % CI 1.56–5.80; p = 0.001). Iodinated contrast volume was not an independent risk factor for AKI or eGFR decrease during follow-up. Conclusion Development of post-EVAR AKI is an independent risk factor for long-term renal function decrease. Key Points • Longer procedure time is associated with an increased risk for AKI. • Renal perfusion defects on angiography are associated with increased risk for AKI. • Post-EVAR AKI is associated with higher probability for long-term eGFR decrease. • Iodinated contrast volume is not an independent risk factor for AKI. • Iodinated contrast volume is not an independent risk factor for long-term eGFR decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Sailer
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Radiology, Stanford University Hospitals and Clinics, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Patricia J Nelemans
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maatsricht, The Netherlands
| | - Camille van Berlo
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ozan Yazar
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Cliniques del Europe, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michiel W de Haan
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dominik Fleischmann
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University Hospitals and Clinics, Stanford, CA, USA
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Contrast media controversies in 2015: imaging patients with renal impairment or risk of contrast reaction. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2015; 204:1174-81. [PMID: 25730301 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.14.14259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The incidence and significance of complications related to intravascular contrast material administration have become increasingly controversial. This review will highlight current thinking regarding the imaging of patients with renal impairment and those at risk for an allergiclike contrast reaction. CONCLUSION The risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury remains uncertain for patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2), but if there is a risk, it is greatest in those with estimated GFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). In this population, low-risk gadolinium-based contrast agents appear to have a large safety margin. Corticosteroid prophylaxis remains the standard of care in the United States for patients identified to be at high risk of a contrast reaction, but it has an incomplete mitigating effect on contrast reaction rates and the number needed to treat is large.
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Nonlinear image blending for dual-energy MDCT of the abdomen: can image quality be preserved if the contrast medium dose is reduced? AJR Am J Roentgenol 2014; 203:838-45. [PMID: 25247950 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.13.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the image quality of a dual-energy nonlinear image blending technique at reduced load of contrast medium with a simulated 120-kVp linear blending technique at a full dose during portal venous phase MDCT of the abdomen. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Forty-five patients (25 men, 20 women; mean age, 65.6 ± 9.7 [SD] years; mean body weight, 74.9 ± 12.4 kg) underwent contrast-enhanced single-phase dual-energy CT of the abdomen by a random assignment to one of three different contrast medium (iomeprol 400) dose injection protocols: 1.3, 1.0, or 0.65 mL/kg of body weight. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and noise at the portal vein, liver, aorta, and kidney were compared among the different datasets using the ANOVA. Three readers qualitatively assessed all datasets in a blinded and independent fashion. RESULTS Nonlinear blended images at a 25% reduced dose allowed a significant improvement in CNR (p < 0.05 for all comparisons), compared with simulated 120-kVp linear blended images at a full dose. No statistically significant difference existed in CNR and noise between the nonlinear blended images at a 50% reduced dose and the simulated 120-kVp linear blended images at a full dose. Nonlinear blended images at a 50% reduced dose were considered in all cases to have acceptable image quality. CONCLUSION The dual-energy nonlinear image blending technique allows reducing the dose of contrast medium up to 50% during portal venous phase imaging of the abdomen while preserving image quality.
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Moore A, Dickerson E, Dillman JR, Vummidi D, Kershaw DB, Khalatbari S, Davenport MS. Incidence of nonconfounded post-computed tomography acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with stable renal function receiving intravenous iodinated contrast material. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2014; 43:237-41. [PMID: 24909428 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of our investigation was to determine the frequency of proximate acute and chronic confounding risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in a cohort of adult hospitalized patients with stable renal function who developed AKI following an intravenous (IV) contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) examination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval was obtained for this retrospective, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant investigation. Overall, 100 adult inpatients (50 males [mean age = 61 years, range: 24-94 years] and 50 females [mean age = 60 years, range: 20-95 years]) with stable pre-CT renal function who developed post-CT AKI using the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) laboratory criteria following an IV contrast-enhanced CT examination comprised the study population. Electronic International Classification of Disease-9 analysis followed by a comprehensive manual electronic medical record review was systematically performed by 5 radiologists to identify known acute (n = 24, within 5 days before or 3 days after CT) and chronic (n = 21) risk factors for AKI other than contrast material administration that might confound a diagnosis of contrast-induced nephrotoxicity. Descriptive statistics were performed. RESULTS Of 100 inpatients with post-CT AKI, 99 (99%) had 1 or more acute risk factor(s) for AKI other than contrast material administration (median = 3 risk factors, range: 0-8) and 86 (86%) had one or more chronic risk factor(s) for AKI (median = 2 risk factors, range: 0-7). The median number of risk factors (acute or chronic) per patient was 5 (range: 1-13). Only 1 inpatient (1%) developed post-CT AKI without a confounding acute risk factor (estimated glomerular filtration rate = 62-71 mL/min/1.73 m(2), 4 chronic risk factors, and CT 7 days after pancreaticoduodenectomy). The most common acute risk factors were nephrotoxic medications (83%) and parenteral blood product administration (30%). The most common chronic risk factors were hypertension (59%) and chronic kidney disease (56%). CONCLUSION Nonconfounded post-CT AKI is rare in hospitalized adults with stable renal function who have been exposed to IV low- or iso-osmolality iodinated contrast material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Moore
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Elliot Dickerson
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Jonathan R Dillman
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Dharshan Vummidi
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David B Kershaw
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics and Infectious Disease, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Matthew S Davenport
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to exposit the shifting perspectives on contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) for IV low-osmolar iodinated contrast media. CONCLUSION The historically inflated risk of CIN reflects logistic and intellectual pitfalls that continue to confound the study of this disease. Recent advances have clarified that the incidence of CIN is much lower than previously thought, but there are lingering questions. We suggest that CIN is likely real but is rare and offer directions for future study.
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Naugler C, Redman L, Sadzradeh H. Comparison of estimated glomerular filtration rates using creatinine values generated by iSTAT and Cobas 6000. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 429:79-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2013.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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