1
|
Dong Z, Luo Y, Yuan Z, Tian Y, Jin T, Xu F. Cellular senescence and SASP in tumor progression and therapeutic opportunities. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:181. [PMID: 39217404 PMCID: PMC11365203 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence (CS), a permanent and irreversible arrest of the cell cycle and proliferation leading to the degeneration of cellular structure and function, has been implicated in various key physiological and pathological processes, particularly in cancer. Initially, CS was recognized as a barrier to tumorigenesis, serving as an intrinsic defense mechanism to protect cells from malignant transformation. However, increasing evidence suggests that senescent cells can promote tumor progression to overt malignancy, primarily through a set of factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), including chemokines, growth factors, cytokines, and stromal metalloproteinases. These factors significantly reshape the tumor microenvironment (TME), enabling tumors to evade immune destruction. Interestingly, some studies have also suggested that SASPs may impede tumor development by enhancing immunosurveillance. These opposing roles highlight the complexity and heterogeneity of CS and SASPs in diverse cancers. Consequently, there has been growing interest in pharmacological interventions targeting CS or SASPs in cancer therapy, such as senolytics and senomorphics, to either promote the clearance of senescent cells or mitigate the harmful effects of SASPs. In this review, we will interpret the concept of CS, delve into the role of SASPs in reshaping the TME, and summarize recent advances in anti-tumor strategies targeting CS or SASPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zening Dong
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yahan Luo
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangchen Yuan
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tianqiang Jin
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Hepatobiliary and Splenic Surgery Ward, Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Y, Mao J, Zhang R, Deng Q, Wang Y, Pan Y, Liudi S, Wang Y, Fan X, Yang Y, Wan S. Inhibiting PRMT1 protects against CoNV by regulating macrophages through the FGF2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176673. [PMID: 38815785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) is predominantly initiated by inflammatory processes, resulting in aberrant vascular proliferation and consequent visual impairment. Existing therapeutic interventions for CoNV demonstrate limited efficacy and potential for adverse reactions. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is associated with the regulation of inflammation and M2 macrophage polarization. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism by which PRMT1 operates in CoNV remains uncertain. This study explored the impact of PRMT1 inhibition in a murine model of CoNV induced by alkali burn. Our findings indicated a direct relationship between PRMT1 levels and corneal damage. Moreover, our observations indicated an increase in fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) expression in CoNV, which was reduced after treatment with a PRMT1 inhibitor. The inhibition of PRMT1 alleviated both corneal injury and CoNV, as evidenced by decreased corneal opacity and neovascularization. Immunofluorescence analysis and evaluation of inflammatory factor expression demonstrated that PRMT1 inhibition attenuated M2 macrophage polarization, a phenomenon that was reversed by the administration of recombinant FGF2 protein. These results were confirmed through experimentation on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and Mouse leukemia cells of monocyte macrophage cells (RAW264.7). Furthermore, it was established that FGF2 played a role in PI3K/Akt signal transduction, a critical regulatory pathway for M2 macrophage polarization. Importantly, the activity of this pathway was found to be suppressed by PRMT1 inhibitors. Mechanistically, PRMT1 was shown to promote M2 macrophage polarization, thereby contributing to CoNV, through the FGF2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Therefore, targeting PRMT1 may offer a promising therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuelan Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jiewen Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Center of Regenerative Medicine & Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qian Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yujin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yumiao Pan
- Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430063, China
| | - Shiwen Liudi
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430063, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiangli Fan
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430063, China
| | - Yanning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Shanshan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Milillo C, Aruffo E, Di Carlo P, Patruno A, Gatta M, Bruno A, Dovizio M, Marinelli L, Dimmito MP, Di Giacomo V, Paolini C, Pesce M, Ballerini P. Polystyrene nanoplastics mediate oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis in a human alveolar epithelial cell line. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1385387. [PMID: 38799687 PMCID: PMC11116779 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1385387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nanoplastics, an emerging form of pollution, are easily consumed by organisms and pose a significant threat to biological functions due to their size, expansive surface area, and potent ability to penetrate biological systems. Recent findings indicate an increasing presence of airborne nanoplastics in atmospheric samples, such as polystyrene (PS), raising concerns about potential risks to the human respiratory system. Methods This study investigates the impact of 800 nm diameter-PS nanoparticles (PS-NPs) on A549, a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line, examining cell viability, redox balance, senescence, apoptosis, and internalization. We also analyzed the expression of hallmark genes of these processes. Results We demonstrated that PS-NPs of 800 nm in diameter significantly affected cell viability, inducing oxidative stress, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. PS-NPs also penetrated the cytoplasm of A549 cells. These nanoparticles triggered the transcription of genes comprised in the antioxidant network [SOD1 (protein name: superoxide dismutase 1, soluble), SOD2 (protein name: superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial), CAT (protein name: catalase), Gpx1 (protein name: glutathione peroxidase 1), and HMOX1 (protein name: heme oxygenase 1)], senescence-associated secretory phenotype [Cdkn1a (protein name: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A), IL1A (protein name: interleukin 1 alpha), IL1B (protein name: interleukin 1 beta), IL6 (protein name: interleukin 6), and CXCL8 (protein name: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8)], and others involved in the apoptosis modulation [BAX (protein name: Bcl2 associated X, apoptosis regulator), CASP3 (protein name: caspase 3), and BCL2 (protein name: Bcl2, apoptosis regulator)]. Conclusion Collectively, this investigation underscores the importance of concentration (dose-dependent effect) and exposure duration as pivotal factors in assessing the toxic effects of PS-NPs on alveolar epithelial cells. Greater attention needs to be directed toward comprehending the risks of cancer development associated with air pollution and the ensuing environmental toxicological impacts on humans and other terrestrial mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Milillo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Eleonora Aruffo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piero Di Carlo
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- UdA-TechLab, Research Center, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Gatta
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marilisa Pia Dimmito
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Viviana Di Giacomo
- UdA-TechLab, Research Center, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Cecilia Paolini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mirko Pesce
- UdA-TechLab, Research Center, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu J, Chen P, Luan X, Yuan X, Wei S, Li Y, Guo C, Wu X, Di G. The NLRP3 Activation in Infiltrating Macrophages Contributes to Corneal Fibrosis by Inducing TGF-β1 Expression in the Corneal Epithelium. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2022; 63:15. [PMID: 35838447 PMCID: PMC9296889 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.63.8.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effect and mechanism of NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes on corneal fibrosis. Methods The wild-type, NLRP3 knockout (KO), and myeloid cell-specific NLRP3 KO (NLRP3 Lyz-KO) C57 mice were used to establish a corneal scarring model. NLRP3 inhibitor, IL-1β neutralizing antibody, and an IL-1R antagonist were used to investigate the role of NLRP3 and IL-1β in corneal fibrosis. The expression of the NLRP3 signaling pathway related proteins, alpha-smooth muscle actin, TGF-β was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect the infiltration of macrophages during corneal fibrosis. Results The components of the NLRP3 inflammasomes were elevated and activated during corneal scarring. Additionally, genetic or chemical-mediated blocking of NLRP3 as well as IL-1β significantly alleviated corneal fibrosis. Moreover, neutrophil (CD45+Ly6G+) and macrophage (CD45+ F4/80+) accumulation increased in the cornea during the progression of corneal fibrosis. Intriguingly, the increased concentrations of NLRP3 and IL-1β were prominently colocalized with the infiltrating F4/80+ macrophages. Expectedly, NLRP3 Lyz-KO mice exhibited a marked decrease in their corneal fibrosis symptoms. Mechanistically, the activation of IL-1β or macrophage NLRP3 stimulated the expression of TGF-β1 in the corneal epithelial cells, whereas an NLRP3 deficiency decreased its expression in the corneal epithelium. Conclusions These observations revealed that the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in infiltrating macrophages contributes to corneal fibrosis by regulating corneal epithelial TGF-β1 expression. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome might be a promising strategy for the treatment of corneal scarring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Luan
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinying Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Susu Wei
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanlong Guo
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xianggen Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guohu Di
- School of Basic Medicine, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
A Senescence Bystander Effect in Human Lung Fibroblasts. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091162. [PMID: 34572347 PMCID: PMC8470192 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease characterised by a dense fibrosing of the lung parenchyma. An association between IPF and cellular senescence is well established and several studies now describe a higher abundance of senescent fibroblasts and epithelial cells in the lungs of IPF patients compared with age-matched controls. The cause of this abnormal accumulation of senescent cells is unknown but evidence suggests that, once established, senescence can be transferred from senescent to non-senescent cells. In this study, we investigated whether senescent human lung fibroblasts (LFs) and alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) could induce a senescent-like phenotype in “naïve” non-senescent LFs in vitro. Primary cultures of LFs from adult control donors (Ctrl-LFs) with a low baseline of senescence were exposed to conditioned medium (CM) from: (i) Ctrl-LFs induced to become senescent using H2O2 or etoposide; (ii) LFs derived from IPF patients (IPF-LFs) with a high baseline of senescence; or (iii) senescence-induced A549 cells, an AEC line. Additionally, ratios of non-senescent Ctrl-LFs and senescence-induced Ctrl-LFs (100:0, 0:100, 50:50, 90:10, 99:1) were co-cultured and their effect on induction of senescence measured. We demonstrated that exposure of naïve non-senescent Ctrl-LFs to CM from senescence-induced Ctrl-LFs and AECs and IPF-LFs increased the markers of senescence including nuclear localisation of phosphorylated-H2A histone family member X (H2AXγ) and expression of p21, IL-6 and IL-8 in Ctrl-LFs. Additionally, co-cultures of non-senescent and senescence-induced Ctrl-LFs induced a senescent-like phenotype in the non-senescent cells. These data suggest that the phenomenon of “senescence-induced senescence” can occur in vitro in primary cultures of human LFs, and provides a possible explanation for the abnormal abundance of senescent cells in the lungs of IPF patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Shang Q, Chu Y, Li Y, Han Y, Yu D, Liu R, Zheng Z, Song L, Fang J, Li X, Cao L, Gong Z, Zhang L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Shao C, Shi Y. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells promote corneal wound healing by accelerating the clearance of neutrophils in cornea. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:707. [PMID: 32848141 PMCID: PMC7450061 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02914-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The dome-shaped cornea is a transparent, non-vascularized, and epithelialized highly organized tissue. Physical and chemical injuries may trigger corneal wound healing (CWH) response and result in neovascularization that impairs the visual function. CWH involves not only migration, proliferation, and differentiation of the cells in different layers of cornea, but also the mobilization of immune cells. We demonstrated here that human adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ADSCs) could effectively inhibit neovascularization during ethanol-induced injury in mouse cornea. Importantly, we found that while neutrophils are essential for CWH, excessive and prolonged neutrophil retention during the granulation stage contributes to neovascularization. ADSCs were found to promote the clearance of neutrophils in the cornea during the granulation stage, likely via increasing the reverse transendothelial cell migration of CXCR4high neutrophils from cornea to the lung. Our results demonstrate that ADSCs are effective in treating CWH-induced neovascularization and modulation of neutrophil clearance could be novel strategies for better vision recovery after injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Shang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yunpeng Chu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yanan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yuyi Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 200 Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214062, China
| | - Daojiang Yu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lin Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yongjing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Yufang Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University Medical College, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|