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Wang J, Zou J, Shi Y, Zeng N, Guo D, Wang H, Zhao C, Luan F, Zhang X, Sun J. Traditional Chinese medicine and mitophagy: A novel approach for cardiovascular disease management. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155472. [PMID: 38461630 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing an enormous economic burden on individuals and human society. Laboratory studies have identified several drugs that target mitophagy for the prevention and treatment of CVD. Only a few of these drugs have been successful in clinical trials, and most studies have been limited to animal and cellular models. Furthermore, conventional drugs used to treat CVD, such as antiplatelet agents, statins, and diuretics, often result in adverse effects on patients' cardiovascular, metabolic, and respiratory systems. In contrast, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has gained significant attention for its unique theoretical basis and clinical efficacy in treating CVD. PURPOSE This paper systematically summarizes all the herbal compounds, extracts, and active monomers used to target mitophagy for the treatment of CVD in the last five years. It provides valuable information for researchers in the field of basic cardiovascular research, pharmacologists, and clinicians developing herbal medicines with fewer side effects, as well as a useful reference for future mitophagy research. METHODS The search terms "cardiovascular disease," "mitophagy," "herbal preparations," "active monomers," and "cardiac disease pathogenesis" in combination with "natural products" and "diseases" were used to search for studies published in the past five years until January 2024. RESULTS Studies have shown that mitophagy plays a significant role in the progression and development of CVD, such as atherosclerosis (AS), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI), cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, and arrhythmia. Herbal compound preparations, crude extracts, and active monomers have shown potential as effective treatments for these conditions. These substances protect cardiomyocytes by inducing mitophagy, scavenging damaged mitochondria, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. They display notable efficacy in combating CVD. CONCLUSION TCM (including herbal compound preparations, extracts, and active monomers) can treat CVD through various pharmacological mechanisms and signaling pathways by inducing mitophagy. They represent a hotspot for future cardiovascular basic research and a promising candidate for the development of future cardiovascular drugs with fewer side effects and better therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Junbo Zou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yajun Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - He Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Fei Luan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Jing Sun
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Weissman D, Dudek J, Sequeira V, Maack C. Fabry Disease: Cardiac Implications and Molecular Mechanisms. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:81-100. [PMID: 38289538 PMCID: PMC10923975 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00645-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review explores the interplay among metabolic dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in Fabry disease, focusing on their potential implications for cardiac involvement. We aim to discuss the biochemical processes that operate in parallel to sphingolipid accumulation and contribute to disease pathogenesis, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive understanding of these processes. RECENT FINDINGS Beyond sphingolipid accumulation, emerging studies have revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation could be significant contributors to Fabry disease and cardiac involvement. These factors promote cardiac remodeling and fibrosis and may predispose Fabry patients to conduction disturbances, ventricular arrhythmias, and heart failure. While current treatments, such as enzyme replacement therapy and pharmacological chaperones, address disease progression and symptoms, their effectiveness is limited. Our review uncovers the potential relationships among metabolic disturbances, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in Fabry disease-related cardiac complications. Current findings suggest that beyond sphingolipid accumulation, other mechanisms may significantly contribute to disease pathogenesis. This prompts the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies and underscores the importance of a holistic approach to understanding and managing Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Weissman
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Dudek
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vasco Sequeira
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Maack
- Department of Translational Research, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, Haus A15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
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Nijholt KT, Sánchez-Aguilera PI, Mahmoud B, Gerding A, Wolters JC, Wolters AHG, Giepmans BNG, Silljé HHW, de Boer RA, Bakker BM, Westenbrink BD. A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 regulates mitochondrial protein levels in energy metabolism and promotes mitochondrial turnover after exercise. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18822. [PMID: 37914850 PMCID: PMC10620178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45961-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) is a signalling adaptor that promotes mitochondrial respiration and attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress in cultured cardiomyocytes. We sought to determine whether AKIP1 influences mitochondrial function and the mitochondrial adaptation in response to exercise in vivo. We assessed mitochondrial respiratory capacity, as well as electron microscopy and mitochondrial targeted-proteomics in hearts from mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of AKIP1 (AKIP1-TG) and their wild type (WT) littermates. These parameters were also assessed after four weeks of voluntary wheel running. In contrast to our previous in vitro study, respiratory capacity measured as state 3 respiration on palmitoyl carnitine was significantly lower in AKIP1-TG compared to WT mice, whereas state 3 respiration on pyruvate remained unaltered. Similar findings were observed for maximal respiration, after addition of FCCP. Mitochondrial DNA damage and oxidative stress markers were not elevated in AKIP1-TG mice and gross mitochondrial morphology was similar. Mitochondrial targeted-proteomics did reveal reductions in mitochondrial proteins involved in energy metabolism. Exercise performance was comparable between genotypes, whereas exercise-induced cardiac hypertrophy was significantly increased in AKIP1-TG mice. After exercise, mitochondrial state 3 respiration on pyruvate substrates was significantly lower in AKIP1-TG compared with WT mice, while respiration on palmitoyl carnitine was not further decreased. This was associated with increased mitochondrial fission on electron microscopy, and the activation of pathways associated with mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. This study suggests that AKIP1 regulates the mitochondrial proteome involved in energy metabolism and promotes mitochondrial turnover after exercise. Future studies are required to unravel the mechanistic underpinnings and whether the mitochondrial changes are required for the AKIP1-induced physiological cardiac growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten T Nijholt
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Pablo I Sánchez-Aguilera
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Belend Mahmoud
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Gerding
- Department of Metabolic Disease, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Justina C Wolters
- Department of Pediatrics, Systems Medicine of Metabolism and Signalling, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H G Wolters
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben N G Giepmans
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Department of Metabolic Disease, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Ni Y, Deng J, Liu X, Li Q, Zhang J, Bai H, Zhang J. Echinacoside reverses myocardial remodeling and improves heart function via regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD axis in HF rats induced by isoproterenol. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:203-216. [PMID: 33314649 PMCID: PMC7810933 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodelling is important pathological basis of HF, mitochondrial oxidative stress is a promoter to myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis. ECH is the major active component of a traditional Chinese medicine Cistanches Herba, plenty of studies indicate it possesses a strong antioxidant capacity in nerve cells and tumour, it inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress, protects mitochondrial function, but the specific mechanism is unclear. SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD is an important antioxidant axis, study finds that ECH binds covalently to SIRT1 as a ligand and up-regulates the expression of SIRT1 in brain cells. We hypothesizes that ECH may reverse myocardial remodelling and improve heart function of HF via regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis and inhibit mitochondrial oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes. Here, we firstly induce cellular model of oxidative stress by ISO with AC-16 cells and pre-treat with ECH, the level of mitochondrial ROS, mtDNA oxidative injury, MMP, carbonylated protein, lipid peroxidation, intracellular ROS and apoptosis are detected, confirm the effect of ECH in mitochondrial oxidative stress and function in vitro. Then, we establish a HF rat model induced by ISO and pre-treat with ECH. Indexes of heart function, myocardial remodelling, mitochondrial oxidative stress and function, expression of SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis are measured, the data indicate that ECH improves heart function, inhibits myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis, increases the expression of SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD signalling axis, reduces the mitochondrial oxidative damages, protects mitochondrial function. We conclude that ECH reverses myocardial remodelling and improves cardiac function via up-regulating SIRT1/FOXO3a/MnSOD axis and inhibiting mitochondrial oxidative stress in HF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Ni
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Qing Li
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Juanli Zhang
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Hongyuan Bai
- Department of CardiologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anshaanxiChina
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, NHC Key Laboratory on Assisted Circulation of the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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Lv P, Li C, Wang M, Ren J, Zhang Y, Fu G. TANK-binding kinase 1 alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through regulating apoptotic pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 528:574-579. [PMID: 32505355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury, a complicated pathophysiological process, is regulated by lots of signaling pathways. Here in our present study, we identified TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), an IKK-related serine/threonine kinase, as a protective regulator in MI/R injury. Our results indicated that TBK1 was decreased in MI/R injury in mice. However, after overexpressing TBK1 through an intramyocardial injection of TBK1 adenovirus, TBK1 overexpression improved cardiac function detected by echocardiography, decreased infarct size detected by Evans Blue and TTC staining, reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis measured by TUNEL staining and alleviated disruption of mitochondria and cardiac muscle fibers detected by TEM in response to MI/R injury. Consistently, TBK1 overexpression ameliorated mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. Mechanistically, TBK1 overexpression upregulated Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic protein) but downregulated Bax (a pro-apoptotic protein) in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, our findings uncovered a pivotal function of TBK1 in MI/R injury through regulating the levels of apoptotic proteins for the first time, which might represent a promising target in treating MI/R patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, 310020, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Congye Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meihui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, 310020, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Yingmei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guosheng Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, 310020, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Wu CC, Lin JL, Yang-Yen HF, Yuan HS. A unique exonuclease ExoG cleaves between RNA and DNA in mitochondrial DNA replication. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:5405-5419. [PMID: 30949702 PMCID: PMC6547421 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Replication of sufficient mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is essential for maintaining mitochondrial functions in mammalian cells. During mtDNA replication, RNA primers must be removed before the nascent circular DNA strands rejoin. This process involves mitochondrial RNase H1, which removes most of the RNA primers but leaves two ribonucleotides attached to the 5′ end of nascent DNA. A subsequent 5′-exonuclease is required to remove the residual ribonucleotides, however, it remains unknown if any mitochondrial 5′-exonuclease could remove two RNA nucleotides from a hybrid duplex DNA. Here, we report that human mitochondrial Exonuclease G (ExoG) may participate in this particular process by efficiently cleaving at RNA–DNA junctions to remove the 5′-end RNA dinucleotide in an RNA/DNA hybrid duplex. Crystal structures of human ExoG bound respectively with DNA, RNA/DNA hybrid and RNA–DNA chimeric duplexes uncover the underlying structural mechanism of how ExoG specifically recognizes and cleaves at RNA–DNA junctions of a hybrid duplex with an A-form conformation. This study hence establishes the molecular basis of ExoG functioning as a unique 5′-exonuclease to mediate the flap-independent RNA primer removal process during mtDNA replication to maintain mitochondrial genome integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chyuan-Chuan Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
| | - Jason L J Lin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
| | - Hsin-Fang Yang-Yen
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
| | - Hanna S Yuan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 11529, ROC
- Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10048, ROC
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +886 2 27884151;
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Yang C, Wu R, Liu H, Chen Y, Gao Y, Chen X, Li Y, Ma J, Li J, Gan J. Structural insights into DNA degradation by human mitochondrial nuclease MGME1. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:11075-11088. [PMID: 30247721 PMCID: PMC6237815 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial nucleases play important roles in accurate maintenance and correct metabolism of mtDNA, the own genetic materials of mitochondria that are passed exclusively from mother to child. MGME1 is a highly conserved DNase that was discovered recently. Mutations in MGME1-coding gene lead to severe mitochondrial syndromes characterized by external ophthalmoplegia, emaciation, and respiratory failure in humans. Unlike many other nucleases that are distributed in multiple cellular organelles, human MGME1 is a mitochondria-specific nuclease; therefore, it can serve as an ideal target for treating related syndromes. Here, we report one HsMGME1-Mn2+ complex and three different HsMGME1-DNA complex structures. In combination with in vitro cleavage assays, our structures reveal the detailed molecular basis for substrate DNA binding and/or unwinding by HsMGME1. Besides the conserved two-cation-assisted catalytic mechanism, structural analysis of HsMGME1 and comparison with homologous proteins also clarified substrate binding and cleavage directionalities of the DNA double-strand break repair complexes RecBCD and AddAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ruiqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hehua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yiqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanqing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jixi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jianhua Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Yurista SR, Silljé HH, Oberdorf‐Maass SU, Schouten E, Pavez Giani MG, Hillebrands J, van Goor H, van Veldhuisen DJ, de Boer RA, Westenbrink BD. Sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 inhibition with empagliflozin improves cardiac function in non‐diabetic rats with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Eur J Heart Fail 2019; 21:862-873. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Salva R. Yurista
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Herman H.W. Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Silke U. Oberdorf‐Maass
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth‐Maria Schouten
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mario G. Pavez Giani
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jan‐Luuk Hillebrands
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Division of Pathology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Dirk J. van Veldhuisen
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A. de Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - B. Daan Westenbrink
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center GroningenUniversity of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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Rababa'h AM, Guillory AN, Mustafa R, Hijjawi T. Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling: An Updated Edge. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018; 14:53-59. [PMID: 29332590 PMCID: PMC5872263 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180111145207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: A common phenotype associated with heart failure is the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to stress, such as hypertension, coro-nary vascular disease, or myocardial infarction. The most critical pathophysiological conditions in-volved may include dilated hypertrophy, fibrosis and contractile malfunction. The intricate pathophys-iological mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy have been the core of several scientific studies, which may help in opening a new avenue in preventive and curative procedures. Objectives: To our knowledge from the literature, the development of cardiac remodeling and hyper-trophy is multifactorial. Thus, in this review, we will focus and summarize the potential role of oxida-tive stress in cardiac hypertrophy development. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is considered a major stimulant for the signal transduction in cardiac cells pathological conditions, including inflammatory cytokines, and MAP kinase. The understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms which are involved in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling process is crucial for the development of new therapeutic plans, especially that the mortality rates re-lated to cardiac remodeling/dysfunction remain high
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Rababa'h
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ashley N Guillory
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Rima Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tamara Hijjawi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Rababa'h AM, Guillory AN, Mustafa R, Hijjawi T. Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling: An Updated Edge. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018. [PMID: 29332590 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180111145207.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common phenotype associated with heart failure is the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to stress, such as hypertension, coronary vascular disease, or myocardial infarction. The most critical pathophysiological conditions involved may include dilated hypertrophy, fibrosis and contractile malfunction. The intricate pathophysiological mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy have been the core of several scientific studies, which may help in opening a new avenue in preventive and curative procedures. OBJECTIVES To our knowledge from the literature, the development of cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy is multifactorial. Thus, in this review, we will focus and summarize the potential role of oxidative stress in cardiac hypertrophy development. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress is considered a major stimulant for the signal transduction in cardiac cells pathological conditions, including inflammatory cytokines, and MAP kinase. The understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms which are involved in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling process is crucial for the development of new therapeutic plans, especially that the mortality rates related to cardiac remodeling/dysfunction remain high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Rababa'h
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ashley N Guillory
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, TX, United States
| | - Rima Mustafa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Tamara Hijjawi
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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Conti A, D’Elia C, Cheng M, Santoni M, Piva F, Brunelli M, Lopez-Beltran A, Giulietti M, Scarpelli M, Pycha A, Galosi AB, Artibani W, Cheng L, Montironi R, Battelli N, Lusuardi L. Oligometastases in Genitourinary Tumors: Recent Insights and Future Molecular Diagnostic Approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eursup.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Tigchelaar W, De Jong AM, van Gilst WH, De Boer RA, Silljé HHW. In EXOG-depleted cardiomyocytes cell death is marked by a decreased mitochondrial reserve capacity of the electron transport chain. Bioessays 2017; 38 Suppl 1:S136-45. [PMID: 27417117 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201670914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Depletion of mitochondrial endo/exonuclease G-like (EXOG) in cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes stimulates mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and induces hypertrophy via reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we show that neurohormonal stress triggers cell death in endo/exonuclease G-like-depleted cells, and this is marked by a decrease in mitochondrial reserve capacity. Neurohormonal stimulation with phenylephrine (PE) did not have an additive effect on the hypertrophic response induced by endo/exonuclease G-like depletion. Interestingly, PE-induced atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) gene expression was completely abolished in endo/exonuclease G-like-depleted cells, suggesting a reverse signaling function of endo/exonuclease G-like. Endo/exonuclease G-like depletion initially resulted in increased mitochondrial OCR, but this declined upon PE stimulation. In particular, the reserve capacity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and maximal respiration were the first indicators of perturbations in mitochondrial respiration, and these marked the subsequent decline in mitochondrial function. Although pathological stimulation accelerated these processes, prolonged EXOG depletion also resulted in a decline in mitochondrial function. At early stages of endo/exonuclease G-like depletion, mitochondrial ROS production was increased, but this did not affect mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity. After prolonged depletion, ROS levels returned to control values, despite hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. The mitochondrial dysfunction finally resulted in cell death, which appears to be mainly a form of necrosis. In conclusion, endo/exonuclease G-like plays an essential role in cardiomyocyte physiology. Loss of endo/exonuclease G-like results in diminished adaptation to pathological stress. The decline in maximal respiration and reserve capacity is the first sign of mitochondrial dysfunction that determines subsequent cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardit Tigchelaar
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Margreet De Jong
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiek H van Gilst
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rudolf A De Boer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Herman H W Silljé
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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13
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A domain in human EXOG converts apoptotic endonuclease to DNA-repair exonuclease. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14959. [PMID: 28466855 PMCID: PMC5418593 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Human EXOG (hEXOG) is a 5′-exonuclease that is crucial for mitochondrial DNA repair; the enzyme belongs to a nonspecific nuclease family that includes the apoptotic endonuclease EndoG. Here we report biochemical and structural studies of hEXOG, including structures in its apo form and in a complex with DNA at 1.81 and 1.85 Å resolution, respectively. A Wing domain, absent in other ββα-Me members, suppresses endonuclease activity, but confers on hEXOG a strong 5′-dsDNA exonuclease activity that precisely excises a dinucleotide using an intrinsic ‘tape-measure'. The symmetrical apo hEXOG homodimer becomes asymmetrical upon binding to DNA, providing a structural basis for how substrate DNA bound to one active site allosterically regulates the activity of the other. These properties of hEXOG suggest a pathway for mitochondrial BER that provides an optimal substrate for subsequent gap-filling synthesis by DNA polymerase γ. Human EXOG is crucial for mitochondrial DNA repair. Here the authors present the crystal structures of hEXOG in apo form and as DNA complex and suggest a `tape-measure' activity to generate optimal substrates for mitochondrial base excision repair.
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14
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Chu S, Mao X, Guo H, Wang L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang X, Peng W. Indoxyl sulfate potentiates endothelial dysfunction via reciprocal role for reactive oxygen species and RhoA/ROCK signaling in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Free Radic Res 2017; 51:237-252. [PMID: 28277985 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2017.1296575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulative indoxyl sulfate (IS) retained in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can potentiate vascular endothelial dysfunction, and herein, we aim at elucidating the underlying mechanisms from the perspective of possible association between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and RhoA/ROCK pathway. IS-treated nephrectomized rats are administered with antioxidants including NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, SOD analog tempol, and mitochondrion-targeted SOD mimetic mito-TEMPO to scavenge ROS, or ROCK inhibitor fasudil to obstruct RhoA/ROCK pathway. First, we find in response to IS stimulation, antioxidants treatments suppress increased aortic ROCK activity and expression levels. Additionally, ROCK blockade prevent IS-induced increased NADPH oxidase expression (mainly p22phox and p47phox), mitochondrial and intracellular ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) generation, and decreased Cu/Zn-SOD expression in thoracic aortas. Apocynin, mito-TEMPO, and tempol also reverse these markers of oxidative stress. These results suggest that IS induces excessive ROS production and ROCK activation involving a circuitous relationship in which ROS activate ROCK and ROCK promotes ROS overproduction. Finally, ROS and ROCK depletion attenuate IS-induced decrease in nitric oxide (NO) production and eNOS expression levels, and alleviate impaired vasomotor responses including increased vasocontraction to phenylephrine and decreased vasorelaxation to acetylcholine, thereby preventing cardiovascular complications accompanied by CKD. Taken together, excessive ROS derived from NADPH oxidase and mitochondria coordinate with RhoA/ROCK activation in a form of positive reciprocal relationship to induce endothelial dysfunction through disturbing endothelium-dependent NO signaling upon IS stimulation in CKD status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Chu
- a Laboratory of Renal Disease , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaodong Mao
- a Laboratory of Renal Disease , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hengjiang Guo
- a Laboratory of Renal Disease , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Li Wang
- a Laboratory of Renal Disease , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Zezheng Li
- b Department of Nephrology , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- b Department of Nephrology , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yunman Wang
- b Department of Nephrology , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hao Wang
- b Department of Nephrology , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- c Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy , Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Wen Peng
- a Laboratory of Renal Disease , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Department of Nephrology , Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Shanghai , China
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15
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Bruni F, Lightowlers RN, Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM. Human mitochondrial nucleases. FEBS J 2017; 284:1767-1777. [PMID: 27926991 PMCID: PMC5484287 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are cytosolic organelles that have many essential roles including ATP production via oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, iron‐sulfur cluster biogenesis, heme and steroid synthesis, calcium homeostasis, and regulation of cellular redox state. One of the unique features of these organelles is the presence of an extrachromosomal mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), together with all the machinery required to replicate and transcribe mtDNA. The accurate maintenance of mitochondrial gene expression is essential for correct organellar metabolism, and is in part dependent on the levels of mtDNA and mtRNA, which are regulated by balancing synthesis against degradation. It is clear that although a number of mitochondrial nucleases have been identified, not all those responsible for the degradation of DNA or RNA have been characterized. Recent investigations, however, have revealed the contribution that mutations in the genes coding for these enzymes has made to causing pathogenic mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruni
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, The Medical School, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Robert N Lightowlers
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, The Medical School, Newcastle University, UK
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16
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Hypertrophy induced KIF5B controls mitochondrial localization and function in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:70-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Nacarelli T, Azar A, Sell C. Mitochondrial stress induces cellular senescence in an mTORC1-dependent manner. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 95:133-54. [PMID: 27016071 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although mitochondrial stress is a key determinant of cellular homeostasis, the intracellular mechanisms by which this stress is communicated to the nucleus and its impact on cell fate decisions are not well defined. In this study, we report that activation of mTORC1 signaling triggered by mitochondrial-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in activation of the senescence program. We show that exposure of human fibroblasts to nucleoside analogs commonly used in antiretroviral therapies, and known to induce mitochondrial dysfunction, increases mitochondrial ROS and leads to a rise in intracellular ROS concomitant with activation of mTORC1. In this setting, it appears that mTORC1 activates senescence through HDM2 phosphorylation, facilitating a p53-mediated response. Inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin decreases HDM2 phosphorylation and blocks activation of the senescence program in human cells. In addition, decreasing mitochondrial ROS directly blocks mTORC1 signaling and prevents the onset of senescence. Consistent with these results, both total and mitochondrial-specific ROS increased in cells undergoing replicative senescence along with ribosomal p70 phosphorylation. The results reveal a novel link between mitochondrial dysfunction, mTORC1 signaling, and the senescence program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy Nacarelli
- Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Ashley Azar
- Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States
| | - Christian Sell
- Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102, United States.
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18
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Mdaki KS, Larsen TD, Weaver LJ, Baack ML. Age Related Bioenergetics Profiles in Isolated Rat Cardiomyocytes Using Extracellular Flux Analyses. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149002. [PMID: 26872351 PMCID: PMC4752341 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly recognized and studied as a mediator of heart disease. Extracellular flux analysis (XF) has emerged as a powerful tool to investigate cellular bioenergetics in the context of cardiac health and disease, however its use and interpretation requires improved understanding of the normal metabolic differences in cardiomyocytes (CM) at various stages of maturation. This study standardized XF analyses methods (mitochondrial stress test, glycolytic stress test and palmitate oxidation test) and established age related differences in bioenergetics profiles of healthy CMs at newborn (NB1), weaning (3WK), adult (10WK) and aged (12–18MO) time points. Findings show that immature CMs demonstrate a more robust and sustained glycolytic capacity and a relative inability to oxidize fatty acids when compared to older CMs. The study also highlights the need to recognize the contribution of CO2 from the Krebs cycle as well as lactate from anaerobic glycolysis to the proton production rate before interpreting glycolytic capacity in CMs. Overall, this study demonstrates that caution should be taken to assure that translatable developmental time points are used to investigate mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of cardiac disease. Specifically, XF analysis of newborn CMs should be reserved to study fetal/neonatal disease and older CMs (≥10 weeks) should be used to investigate adult disease pathogenesis. Knowledge gained will aid in improved investigation of developmentally programmed heart disease and stress the importance of discerning maturational differences in bioenergetics when developing mitochondrial targeted preventative and therapeutic strategies for cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennedy S. Mdaki
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Tricia D. Larsen
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Lucinda J. Weaver
- Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
| | - Michelle L. Baack
- Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Sanford School of Medicine-University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- Children’s Health Specialty Clinic, Sanford Children’s Hospital, Sioux Falls, SD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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Yang L, Yu D, Mo R, Zhang J, Hua H, Hu L, Feng Y, Wang S, Zhang WY, Yin N, Mo XM. The Succinate Receptor GPR91 Is Involved in Pressure Overload-Induced Ventricular Hypertrophy. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147597. [PMID: 26824665 PMCID: PMC4732750 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by increased pressure overload that leads to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). GPR91 is a formerly orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been characterized as a receptor for succinate; however, its role in RVH remains unknown. Methods and Results We investigated the role of succinate-GPR91 signaling in a pulmonary arterial banding (PAB) model of RVH induced by pressure overload in SD rats. GPR91 was shown to be located in cardiomyocytes. In the sham and PAB rats, succinate treatment further aggravated RVH, up-regulated RVH-associated genes and increased p-Akt/t-Akt levels in vivo. In vitro, succinate treatment up-regulated the levels of the hypertrophic gene marker anp and p-Akt/t-Akt in cardiomyocytes. All these effects were inhibited by the PI3K antagonist wortmannin both in vivo and in vitro. Finally, we noted that the GPR91-PI3K/Akt axis was also up-regulated compared to that in human RVH. Conclusions Our findings indicate that succinate-GPR91 signaling may be involved in RVH via PI3K/Akt signaling in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, GPR91 may be a novel therapeutic target for treating pressure overload-induced RVH.
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MESH Headings
- Androstadienes/pharmacology
- Animals
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/genetics
- Atrial Natriuretic Factor/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Heart Ventricles/metabolism
- Heart Ventricles/pathology
- Heart Ventricles/physiopathology
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/genetics
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/metabolism
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/pathology
- Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/cytology
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
- Phosphorylation
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Artery/surgery
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism
- Rats
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Stroke Volume
- Succinic Acid/metabolism
- Succinic Acid/pharmacology
- Wortmannin
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the affiliated hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiru Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi No.4 People’s Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Hua
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (XMM); (NY)
| | - Xu-Ming Mo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (XMM); (NY)
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