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Zhang S, Wang J, Liu X, Kan Z, Zhang Y, Niu Z, Hu X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Song Z. Pemetrexed alleviates piglet diarrhea by blocking the interaction between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus nucleocapsid protein and Ezrin. J Virol 2024; 98:e0162523. [PMID: 38084960 PMCID: PMC10804979 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01625-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus that causes high mortality in piglets, thus posing a serious threat to the world pig industry. Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is related to the imbalance of sodium absorption by small intestinal epithelial cells; however, the etiology of sodium imbalanced diarrhea caused by PEDV remains unclear. Herein, we first proved that PEDV can cause a significant decrease in Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) expression on the cell membrane, in a viral dose-dependent manner. Further study showed that the PEDV nucleocapsid (N) protein participates in the regulation of NHE3 activity through interacting with Ezrin. Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy results indicated a serious imbalance in Na+ concentration inside and outside cells following overexpression of PEDV N. Meanwhile, molecular docking technology identified that the small molecule drug Pemetrexed acts on the PEDV N-Ezrin interaction region. It was confirmed that Pemetrexed can alleviate the imbalanced Na+ concentration in IPEC-J2 cells and the diarrhea symptoms of Rongchang pigs caused by PEDV infection. Overall, our data suggest that the interaction between PEDV N and Ezrin reduces the level of phosphorylated Ezrin, resulting in a decrease in the amount of NHE3 protein on the cell membrane. This leads to an imbalance of intracellular and extracellular Na+, which causes diarrhea symptoms in piglets. Pemetrexed is effective in relieving diarrhea caused by PEDV. Our results provide a reference to screen for anti-PEDV targets and to develop drugs to prevent PED.IMPORTANCEPorcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has caused significant economic losses to the pig industry since its initial outbreak, and the pathogenic mechanism of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is still under investigation. Herein, we found that the PEDV nucleocapsid protein interacts with Ezrin to regulate Na+/H+ exchanger 3 activity. In addition, we screened out Pemetrexed, a small molecule drug, which can effectively alleviate pig diarrhea caused by PEDV. These results provide support for further exploration of the pathogenesis of PEDV and the development of drugs to prevent PED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zifei Kan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiling Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A and F University, Shanxi, China
| | - Xia Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingcui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenhui Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Chen L, Wang L, Zhou GF, Liu Y, Chen X, Xie XY, Wen QX, Li CL, Yang J, Chen GJ. TNIP2 inhibits amyloidogenesis by regulating the 3'UTR of BACE1: an in vitro study. Neurosci Lett 2023; 808:137265. [PMID: 37085111 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
TNFAIP3-interacting protein 2 (TNIP2) is known as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling and inhibit inflammatory response and apoptosis, and is also involved in RNA metabolism. In this study, we investigated the potential role of TNIP2 in amyloidogenesis critically associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We found a significant decline of TNIP2 protein level in both mouse and cell model of AD. In SH-SY5Y and HEK cells that stably express human full-length APP695 (SY5Y-APP and HEK-APP), TNIP2 overexpression decreased the protein levels of β-secretase (BACE1) and C99, as well as Aβ peptides (including Aβ40 and Aβ42), while those of α-secretase (ADAM10) and the related C83 remained unchanged. We further found that TNIP2 promoted the degradation of BACE1 mRNA and was able to bound to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) with the reduced luciferase activity. These results indicated that TNIP2 effectively inhibited amyloidogenic processing by regulating the 3'UTR-associated mRNA decay of BACE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Gui-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Xie
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Qi-Xin Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Chen-Lu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Affiliated Sichuan Provincial Rehabilitation Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, 81 Bayi Road, Wenjiang District, Sichuan Province, 611135, China
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Delpire E, Hawke TJ, Karthikeyan M, Kong W, Nyström A, Uchida S, Schaefer L. American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology in 2022: at a glance. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C553-C557. [PMID: 36645665 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00009.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Delpire
- Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Thomas J Hawke
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mythreye Karthikeyan
- Department of Pathology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
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