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Wu H, Zhang X, Yang J, Feng T, Chen Y, Feng R, Wang H, Qian Y. OUP accepted manuscript. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1229-1243. [PMID: 35526154 PMCID: PMC9156853 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are taurine and its transporter TAUT associated with spermiogenesis and early embryo development? SUMMARY ANSWER Morphologically abnormal spermatozoa increased after local functional interference by intratesticular injection, and taurine depletion significantly reduced the normal embryo numbers in vivo and blastocyst formation rate in vitro. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Taurine is one of the most abundant amino acids in the male reproductive system and it has been demonstrated that taurine can efficiently improve spermatogenic function in rat models of testicular injury. However, limited information is known about the role of taurine and its transporter TAUT in spermatogenesis and early embryo development. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Clinical characteristics from 110 couples who have experienced recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) were collected from December 2014 to March 2018. According to whether a fetal heartbeat was seen in the previous pregnancy under ultrasonic monitoring, patients with RPL were divided into two groups: an RPL without heartbeat (pregnancy with no fetal heartbeat, ROH) group, and an RPL with heartbeat (one or more pregnancies with fetal heartbeat, RWH) group. Semen samples (21 ROH and 20 RWH) were finally used for metabolomic analysis. Furthermore, semen samples were obtained from 30 patients with teratozoospermia (normal sperm morphology <4%) seeking evaluation for infertility and 25 age-matched control subjects with normal semen quality for western blotting. Animal experiments were performed in CD-1/ICR mice. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Metabolomics was performed to determine the metabolic changes between the ROH and RWH groups. Sperm proteins from patients with teratozoospermia and healthy controls were extracted for detecting TAUT expression using western blot analysis. Immunofluorescence was used to characterize the localization of TAUT in the testis and ejaculated spermatozoa. Functional analysis in mice was performed by intratesticular injection of siRNAs or antagonist (β-alanine) and 5% β-alanine was provided in drinking water to 3-week-old male mice for 5 weeks with the aim of depleting taurine. Murine epididymal spermatozoa were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for morphological assessment. IVF and mating tests were performed in mice for assessing fertility. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Metabolomic analysis demonstrated that the taurine content was lower in spermatozoa but higher in seminal plasma from the ROH than the RWH group. TAUT expression was lower in spermatozoa from patients with teratozoospermia than controls. Immunofluorescence showed that TAUT was localized to the manchette in mouse elongated spermatids functional analysis showed that morphologically abnormal spermatozoa increased after interference, and this defect increased after supplementation with 5% β-alanine but was improved by 5% taurine supplementation. Supplementation with 5% β-alanine significantly reduced the normal embryo number in the mouse uterus as well as blastocyst formation rate in vitro. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The sample size was low and larger cohorts are needed to confirm the positive effect of taurine on human sperm quality. A comprehensive safety examination should be performed to evaluate whether taurine is a possible treatment for teratozoospermia. Furthermore, the specific molecular mechanism of TAUT involvement in spermiogenesis remains to be clarified. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The study provides new insights into the role of taurine and its transporter TAUT in male reproduction and embryo development. The results also indicate that TAUT is a promising molecular candidate for the assessment of sperm quality, which may contribute to the diagnosis and treatment for teratozoospermia. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 81774075, 31900605, 81971451), Jiangsu Science and Technology Program Grant (BK20190654) and Maternal and child health scientific research of Jiangsu Province (F202121). The authors declare no competing financial interests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jihong Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Correspondence address. Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Nanjing 210011, China. Tel: +86-025-58771027; E-mail: (Y.Q.); Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China. Tel: +86-025-86869380; E-mail: (H.W.)
| | - Yun Qian
- Correspondence address. Reproductive Medical Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 121 Jiangjiayuan Road, Nanjing 210011, China. Tel: +86-025-58771027; E-mail: (Y.Q.); Department of Histology and Embryology, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, China. Tel: +86-025-86869380; E-mail: (H.W.)
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Baliou S, Adamaki M, Ioannou P, Pappa A, Panayiotidis MI, Spandidos DA, Christodoulou I, Kyriakopoulos AM, Zoumpourlis V. Protective role of taurine against oxidative stress (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:605. [PMID: 34184084 PMCID: PMC8240184 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine is a fundamental mediator of homeostasis that exerts multiple roles to confer protection against oxidant stress. The development of hypertension, muscle/neuro‑associated disorders, hepatic cirrhosis, cardiac dysfunction and ischemia/reperfusion are examples of some injuries that are linked with oxidative stress. The present review gives a comprehensive description of all the underlying mechanisms of taurine, with the aim to explain its anti‑oxidant actions. Taurine is regarded as a cytoprotective molecule due to its ability to sustain normal electron transport chain, maintain glutathione stores, upregulate anti‑oxidant responses, increase membrane stability, eliminate inflammation and prevent calcium accumulation. In parallel, the synergistic effect of taurine with other potential therapeutic modalities in multiple disorders are highlighted. Apart from the results derived from research findings, the current review bridges the gap between bench and bedside, providing mechanistic insights into the biological activity of taurine that supports its potential therapeutic efficacy in clinic. In the future, further clinical studies are required to support the ameliorative effect of taurine against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Adamaki
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Ioannou
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aglaia Pappa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Mihalis I. Panayiotidis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics and Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetrios A. Spandidos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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Kelly B, Pearce EL. Amino Assets: How Amino Acids Support Immunity. Cell Metab 2020; 32:154-175. [PMID: 32649859 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids are fundamental building blocks supporting life. Their role in protein synthesis is well defined, but they contribute to a host of other intracellular metabolic pathways, including ATP generation, nucleotide synthesis, and redox balance, to support cellular and organismal function. Immune cells critically depend on such pathways to acquire energy and biomass and to reprogram their metabolism upon activation to support growth, proliferation, and effector functions. Amino acid metabolism plays a key role in this metabolic rewiring, and it supports various immune cell functions beyond increased protein synthesis. Here, we review the mechanisms by which amino acid metabolism promotes immune cell function, and how these processes could be targeted to improve immunity in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Kelly
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany
| | - Erika L Pearce
- Max Planck Institute for Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg 79108, Germany.
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Colmenares-Aguilar M, Lima L. Role of 5-HT 2 and 5-HT 7 Serotonin Receptors, and Protein Kinases C and A on Taurine Transport in Lymphocytes of Rats Treated with Fluoxetine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 975 Pt 2:1129-1140. [PMID: 28849528 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1079-2_90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Fluoxetine, an antidepressant and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, modulates immune cells in vitro. The present study investigates the influence of pharmacological agents which acts as agonist and antagonist of serotonin receptors ex vivo over taurine transport in lymphocytes of rats treated with fluoxetine by one week. The treatment with fluoxetine increase taurine transport and the incubation with the agonist of 5-HT2 receptor, 1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane (DOI) counteract this effect, and ketanserin provoked no change in fluoxetine effect. While the agonist of 5-HT7 receptor, 4-[2-(methylthio)phenyl]-N-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphth alenyl)-1-piperazinehexanamide hydrochloride (LP44) had no significant effects, however the differences between Control and Fluoxetine groups were not observed, the antagonist (R)-3-[2-[2-(4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)ethyl]pyrrolidine-1-sulfonyl]phenol hydrochloride (SB269970) had no differences. Preincubation of cells with the diacylglycerol analogue, 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (OAG) caused inhibition of fluoxetine treatment effect but this not occurred in presence of the PKC inhibitor, 1-O-hexadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycerol (AMG-C16). Forskolin counteracted the effect of fluoxetine on taurine transport, since at the concentrations used, the rate of taurine transport in Fluoxetine group, returned to Control rate. No significant differences were observed with the PKA inhibitor. Although it is not possible to attribute a definitive role of 5-HT2 receptors in fluoxetine effect on taurine transport, its signaling might affect the function of it. Participation of PKC and PKA have an apparently relevant role in lymphocyte taurine transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Colmenares-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela.
| | - Lucimey Lima
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela
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Ren W, Liu G, Yin J, Tan B, Wu G, Bazer FW, Peng Y, Yin Y. Amino-acid transporters in T-cell activation and differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2655. [PMID: 28252650 PMCID: PMC5386510 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T-cell-mediated immune responses aim to protect mammals against cancers and infections, and are also involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Cellular uptake and the utilization of nutrients is closely related to the T-cell fate decision and function. Research in this area has yielded surprising findings in the importance of amino-acid transporters for T-cell development, homeostasis, activation, differentiation and memory. In this review, we present current information on amino-acid transporters, such as LAT1 (l-leucine transporter), ASCT2 (l-glutamine transporter) and GAT-1 (γ-aminobutyric acid transporter-1), which are critically important for mediating peripheral naive T-cell homeostasis, activation and differentiation, especially for Th1 and Th17 cells, and even memory T cells. Mechanically, the influence of amino-acid transporters on T-cell fate decision may largely depend on the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. These discoveries remarkably demonstrate the role of amino-acid transporters in T-cell fate determination, and strongly indicate that manipulation of the amino-acid transporter-mTORC1 axis could ameliorate many inflammatory or autoimmune diseases associated with T-cell-based immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Ren
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China.,University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10008, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, 2471 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, 2471 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Forage and Herbivore, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture; Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Changsha 410125, China
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Protective effect of hypotaurine against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in rat placental trophoblasts. Placenta 2015; 36:693-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes and transporters in skeletal muscle. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:1169-79. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2540-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Kaesler S, Sobiesiak M, Kneilling M, Volz T, Kempf WE, Lang PA, Lang KS, Wieder T, Heller-Stilb B, Warskulat U, Häussinger D, Lang F, Biedermann T. Effective T-cell recall responses require the taurine transporter Taut. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:831-41. [PMID: 22531910 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201141690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
T-cell activation and the subsequent transformation of activated T cells into T-cell blasts require profound changes in cell volume. However, the impact of cell volume regulation for T-cell immunology has not been characterized. Here we studied the role of the cell-volume regulating osmolyte transporter Taut for T-cell activation in Taut-deficient mice. T-cell mediated recall responses were severely impaired in taut(-/-) mice as shown with B16 melanoma rejection and hapten-induced contact hypersensitivity. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were unequivocally located within peripheral lymph nodes of unprimed taut(-/-) mice but significantly decreased in taut(-/-) compared with taut(+/+) mice following in vivo activation. Further analysis revealed that Taut is critical for rescuing T cells from activation-induced cell death in vitro and in vivo as shown with TCR, superantigen, and antigen-specific activation. Consequently, reduction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in taut(-/-) mice upon antigen challenge resulted in impaired in vivo generation of T-cell memory. These findings disclose for the first time that volume regulation in T cells is an element in the regulation of adaptive immune responses and that the osmolyte transporter Taut is crucial for T-cell survival and T-cell mediated immune reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kaesler
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Bianchi L, Lari R, Anichini R, De Bellis A, Berti A, Napoli Z, Seghieri G, Franconi F. Taurine transporter gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of type 2 diabetic patients. Amino Acids 2011; 42:2267-74. [PMID: 21739148 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Taurine acts as antioxidant, cell osmolyte, modulator of glucose metabolism, and plays a role in the retinal function. It is 10(3)-fold more concentrated in the intracellular than in the extracellular milieu due to a specific taurine-Na-dependent transporter (TauT), which is upregulated by hypertonicity, low extracellular taurine, or oxidative stress and acutely downregulated 'in vitro' by high glucose concentrations. Aim of this study was to investigate whether TauT expression was modified in mononuclear peripheral blood cells (MPC) of type 2 diabetic patients with or without micro/macrovascular complications. Plasma taurine, as well as other sulphur-containing aminoacids (assayed by HPLC) and TauT gene expression (assayed by real-time PCR analysis) were measured in MPC of 45 controls and of 81 age-and-sex matched type 2 diabetic patients with or without micro/macrovascular complications. Median value (interquartile range) of plasma taurine was significantly lower in diabetic patients than in controls [28.7 (13.7) μmol/l vs. 46.5 (20.3) μmol/l; P<0.05], while median TauT expression, in arbitrary units, was significantly higher in diabetics than in controls [3.8 (3.9) vs. 1 (1.3); P<0.05) and was related to HbA1c only in controls (r=0.34; P<0.05). Patients with retinopathy (n=25) had lower TauT expression than those who were unaffected [3.1 (2.8) vs. 4.1 (3.4); P<0.05], while persistent micro/macroalbuminuria was associated with unchanged TauT expression. A trend toward reduction in TauT expression was observed in patients with macroangiopathy [n=27; 3.3 (2.5) vs. 4 [3.7]; P=NS]. In conclusion, TauT gene is overexpressed in MPC of type 2 diabetic patients, while presence of retinopathy is specifically associated with a drop in TauT overexpression, suggesting its possible involvement in this microangiopathic lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loria Bianchi
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Spedali Riuniti, Pistoia, Italy
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Kusinski LC, Jones CJP, Baker PN, Sibley CP, Glazier JD. Isolation of plasma membrane vesicles from mouse placenta at term and measurement of system A and system beta amino acid transporter activity. Placenta 2009; 31:53-9. [PMID: 19954844 PMCID: PMC2877806 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2009.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 11/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Placental amino acid transport is essential for optimal fetal growth and development, with a reduced fetal provision of amino acids being implicated as a potential cause of fetal growth restriction (FGR). Understanding placental insufficiency related FGR has been aided by the development of mouse models that have features of the human disease. However, to take maximal advantage of these, methods are required to study placental function in the mouse. Here, we report a method to isolate plasma membrane vesicles from mouse placenta near-term and have used these to investigate two amino acid transporters, systems A and β, the activities of which are reduced in human placental microvillous plasma membrane (MVM) vesicles from FGR pregnancies. Plasma membrane vesicles were isolated at embryonic day 18 by a protocol involving homogenisation, MgCl2 precipitation and centrifugation. Vesicles were enriched 11.3 ± 0.5-fold in alkaline phosphatase activity as compared to initial homogenate, with minimal intracellular organelle contamination as judged by marker analyses. Cytochemistry revealed alkaline phosphatase was localised between trophoblast layers I and II, with intense reaction product deposited on the maternal-facing plasma membrane of layer II, suggesting that vesicles were derived from this trophoblast membrane. System A and system β activity in mouse placental vesicles, measured as Na+-dependent uptake of 14C-methylaminoisobutyric acid (MeAIB) and 3H-taurine respectively confirmed localisation of these transporters to the maternal-facing plasma membrane of layer II. Comparison to human placental MVM showed that system A activity was comparable at initial rate between species whilst system β activity was significantly lower in mouse. This mirrored the lower expression of TAUT observed in mouse placental vesicles. We conclude that syncytiotrophoblast layer II-derived plasma membrane vesicles can be isolated and used to examine transporter function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Kusinski
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Group, School of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Manchester, St. Mary's Hospital, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
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Lee IJ, Hom K, Bai G, Shapiro M. NMR Metabolomic Analysis of Caco-2 Cell Differentiation. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:4104-8. [DOI: 10.1021/pr8010759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Insong James Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore Maryland 21201
| | - Kellie Hom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore Maryland 21201
| | - Guoyun Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore Maryland 21201
| | - Michael Shapiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore Maryland 21201
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Iruloh CG, D'Souza SW, Fergusson WD, Baker PN, Sibley CP, Glazier JD. Amino acid transport systems beta and A in fetal T lymphocytes in intrauterine growth restriction and with tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment. Pediatr Res 2009; 65:51-6. [PMID: 18703994 PMCID: PMC3087423 DOI: 10.1203/pdr.0b013e31818a0793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with reduced activity of placental amino acid transport systems beta and A. Whether this phenotype is maintained in fetal cells outside the placenta is unknown. In IUGR, cord blood tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha concentrations are raised, potentially influencing amino acid transport in fetal cells. We used fetal T lymphocytes as a model to study systems beta and A amino acid transporters in IUGR compared with normal pregnancy. We also studied the effect of TNF-alpha on amino acid transporter activity. In fetal lymphocytes from IUGR pregnancies, taurine transporter mRNA expression encoding system beta transporter was reduced, but there was no change in system beta activity. No significant differences were observed in system A mRNA expression (encoding SNAT1 and SNAT2) or system A activity between the two groups. After 24 or 48 h TNF-alpha treatment, fetal T lymphocytes from normal pregnancies showed no significant change in system A or system beta activity, although cell viability was compromised. This study represents the first characterization of amino acid transport in a fetal cell outside the placenta in IUGR. We conclude that the reduced amino acid transporter activity found in placenta in IUGR is not a feature of all fetal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuike G Iruloh
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Group, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester M13 0JH, United Kingdom
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