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Liu Y, Tu J, Shi L, Fang Z, Fan M, Zhang J, Ding L, Chen Y, Wang Y, Zhang E, Xu S, Sharma N, Gillece JD, Reining LJ, Jin L, Huang W. CYP8B1 downregulation mediates the metabolic effects of vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice. Hepatology 2024; 79:1005-1018. [PMID: 37820064 PMCID: PMC11006827 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Although the benefits of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) surgery are well known, the molecular mechanisms by which VSG alleviates obesity and its complications remain unclear. We aim to determine the role of CYP8B1 (cytochrome P450, family 8, subfamily B, polypeptide 1) in mediating the metabolic benefits of VSG. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that expression of CYP8B1, a key enzyme in controlling the 12α-hydroxylated (12α-OH) bile acid (BA) to non-12α-OH BA ratio, was strongly downregulated after VSG. Using genetic mouse models of CYP8B1 overexpression, knockdown, and knockout, we demonstrated that overexpression of CYP8B1 dampened the metabolic improvements associated with VSG. In contrast, short hairpin RNA-mediated CYP8B1 knockdown improved metabolism similar to those observed after VSG. Cyp8b1 deficiency diminished the metabolic effects of VSG. Further, VSG-induced alterations to the 12α-OH/non-12α-OH BA ratio in the BA pool depended on CYP8B1 expression level. Consequently, intestinal lipid absorption was restricted, and the gut microbiota (GM) profile was altered. Fecal microbiota transplantation from wild type-VSG mice (vs. fecal microbiota transplantation from wild-type-sham mice) improved metabolism in recipient mice, while there were no differences between mice that received fecal microbiota transplantation from knockout-sham and knockout-VSG mice. CONCLUSIONS CYP8B1 is a critical downstream target of VSG. Modulation of BA composition and gut microbiota profile by targeting CYP8B1 may provide novel insight into the development of therapies that noninvasively mimic bariatric surgery to treat obesity and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Liu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Research Center of Lipid and Vegetable Protein, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jui Tu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Linsen Shi
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Zhipeng Fang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Mingjie Fan
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Biostatistics and Mathematical Oncology Core, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Lili Ding
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Yangmeng Wang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Eryun Zhang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Senlin Xu
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - John D Gillece
- Pathogen and Microbiome Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Lauren J Reining
- Pathogen and Microbiome Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Lihua Jin
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Wendong Huang
- Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism, Arthur Riggs Diabetes & Metabolism Research Institute, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Science, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA
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Reddy A, Winther S, Tran N, Xiao H, Jakob J, Garrity R, Smith A, Ordonez M, Laznik-Bogoslavski D, Rothstein JD, Mills EL, Chouchani ET. Monocarboxylate transporters facilitate succinate uptake into brown adipocytes. Nat Metab 2024; 6:567-577. [PMID: 38378996 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00981-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Uptake of circulating succinate by brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige fat elevates whole-body energy expenditure, counteracts obesity and antagonizes systemic tissue inflammation in mice. The plasma membrane transporters that facilitate succinate uptake in these adipocytes remain undefined. Here we elucidate a mechanism underlying succinate import into BAT via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). We show that succinate transport is strongly dependent on the proportion that is present in the monocarboxylate form. MCTs facilitate monocarboxylate succinate uptake, which is promoted by alkalinization of the cytosol driven by adrenoreceptor stimulation. In brown adipocytes, we show that MCT1 primarily facilitates succinate import. In male mice, we show that both acute pharmacological inhibition of MCT1 and congenital depletion of MCT1 decrease succinate uptake into BAT and consequent catabolism. In sum, we define a mechanism of succinate uptake in BAT that underlies its protective activity in mouse models of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Reddy
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sally Winther
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nhien Tran
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josefine Jakob
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ryan Garrity
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arianne Smith
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha Ordonez
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D Rothstein
- Brain Science Institute, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Evanna L Mills
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward T Chouchani
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Lund J, Isidor MS, Gerhart-Hines Z. MCT1 helps brown fat suck up succinate. Nat Metab 2024; 6:387-388. [PMID: 38378995 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-024-00979-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Lund
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marie Sophie Isidor
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Zachary Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Embark Laboratories ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Yang H, Huang YX, Xiong PY, Li JQ, Chen JL, Liu X, Gong YJ, Ding WJ. Possible connection between intestinal tuft cells, ILC2s and obesity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1266667. [PMID: 38283340 PMCID: PMC10811205 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1266667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal tuft cells (TCs) are defined as chemosensory cells that can "taste" danger and induce immune responses. They play a critical role in gastrointestinal parasite invasion, inflammatory bowel diseases and high-fat diet-induced obesity. Intestinal IL-25, the unique product of TCs, is a key activator of type 2 immunity, especially to promote group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) to secret IL-13. Then the IL-13 mainly promotes intestinal stem cell (ISCs) proliferation into TCs and goblet cells. This pathway formulates the circuit in the intestine. This paper focuses on the potential role of the intestinal TC, ILC2 and their circuit in obesity-induced intestinal damage, and discussion on further study and the potential therapeutic target in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Xing Huang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pei-Yu Xiong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji-Lan Chen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Ju Gong
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei-Jun Ding
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Ji T, Fang B, Zhang M, Liu Y. Succinate Enhances Lipolysis and Decreases Adipocytes Size in Both Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue from High-Fat-Diet-Fed Obese Mice. Foods 2023; 12:4285. [PMID: 38231706 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for many chronic diseases related to the overexpansion of adipose tissue during obesity, leading to metabolic dysfunction and ectopic lipids. Previous studies reported a close relationship between succinate and obesity and its co-morbidities, and studies have also reported on its anti-obesity potential. To confirm its efficacy in obesity interventions, we supplemented mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet with succinate (1.5% m/v in drinking water) for 11 weeks without changing the diet. After succinate supplementation, the changes in body weight, adipose tissue deposition, glucose tolerance, energy expenditure and lipid metabolism were evaluated. It was found that succinate supplementation significantly decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue (HFD: 4239.3 ± 211.2 mg; HFD-SA: 3268.9 ± 265.7 mg. p < 0.05), triglyceride contents (decreased by 1.53 mmol/g and 0.39 mmol/g in eWAT and ingWAT, respectively, p < 0.05) and NEFA (decreased by 1.41 μmol/g and 1.31 μmol/g in eWAT and ingWAT, respectively, p < 0.05). The adipocytes' sizes all significantly decreased in both subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (the proportion of adipocytes with diameters larger than 100 μm in eWAT and ingWAT decreased by 16.83% and 11.96%, respectively. p < 0.05). Succinate significantly enhanced lipolysis in adipose tissue (eWAT: Adrb3, Hsl and Plin1; ingWAT: Hsl and CPT1a; p < 0.05), whereas the expression of lipogenesis-related genes remained unchanged (p > 0.05). Succinate supplementation also enhanced the activity of BAT by stimulating the expression of Ucp1 and Cidea (p < 0.05). Our results reported that succinate has a potential beneficial effect on obesity pathogenesis but cannot efficiently decrease bodyweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Bing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Food Science and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yaqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Colangeli L, Escobar Marcillo DI, Simonelli V, Iorio E, Rinaldi T, Sbraccia P, Fortini P, Guglielmi V. The Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and White Adipose Tissue Mitochondria in Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071723. [PMID: 37049562 PMCID: PMC10097238 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) dysregulation is a key process in the pathophysiology of obesity and its cardiometabolic complications, but even if a growing body of evidence has been collected over recent decades, the underlying molecular basis of adiposopathy remains to be fully understood. In this context, mitochondria, the intracellular organelles that orchestrate energy production and undergo highly dynamic adaptive changes in response to changing environments, have emerged as crucial regulators of both white (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolism and function. Given that the gut microbiota and its metabolites are able to regulate host metabolism, adipogenesis, WAT inflammation, and thermogenesis, we hypothesize that their frequently observed dysregulation in obesity could affect AT metabolism by exerting direct and indirect effects on AT mitochondria. By collecting and revising the current evidence on the connections between gut microbiota and AT mitochondria in obesity, we gained insights into the molecular biology of their hitherto largely unexplored crosstalk, tracing how gut microbiota may regulate AT mitochondrial function.
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