1
|
Xiao X, Lei Y, Yao T, Huang T, Yan P, Cao L, Cao Y. PM 10 exposure induces bronchial hyperresponsiveness by upreguating acetylcholine muscarinic 3 receptor. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 490:117035. [PMID: 39019094 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.117035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter (PM10) can induce respiratory diseases that are closely related to bronchial hyperresponsiveness. However, the involved mechanism remains to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of PM10 on the acetylcholine muscarinic 3 receptor (CHRM3) expression and the role of the ERK1/2 pathway in rat bronchial smooth muscle. A whole-body PM10 exposure system was used to stimulate bronchial hyperresponsiveness in rats for 2 and 4 months, accompanied by MEK1/2 inhibitor U0126 injection. The whole-body plethysmography system and myography were used to detect the pulmonary and bronchoconstrictor function, respectively. The mRNA and protein levels were determined by Western blotting, qPCR, and immunofluorescence. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the inflammatory cytokines. Compared with the filtered air group, 4 months of PM10 exposure significantly increased CHRM3-mediated pulmonary function and bronchial constriction, elevated CHRM3 mRNA and protein expression levels on bronchial smooth muscle, then induced bronchial hyperreactivity. Additionally, 4 months of PM10 exposure caused an increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and increased the secretion of inflammatory factors in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126 inhibited the PM10 exposure-induced phosphorylation of the ERK1/2 pathway, thereby reducing the PM10 exposure-induced upregulation of CHRM3 in bronchial smooth muscle and CHRM3-mediated bronchoconstriction. U0126 could rescue PM10 exposure-induced pathological changes in the bronchus. In conclusion, PM10 exposure can induce bronchial hyperresponsiveness in rats by upregulating CHRM3, and the ERK1/2 pathway may be involved in this process. These findings could reveal a potential therapeutic target for air pollution induced respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Yali Lei
- Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200232, China
| | - Tong Yao
- Precision Medical Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West 5th Road, 710004, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Pingping Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Precision Medical Institute, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 West 5th Road, 710004, China.
| | - Yongxiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li M, Liang W, Luo Y, Wang J, Liu X, Li S, Hao Z. Transforming growth factor-β1 mediates the SMAD4/BMF pathway to regulate ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in small tail Han sheep. Theriogenology 2024; 214:360-369. [PMID: 37979327 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is an important multifunctional cytokine in the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is involved in the molecular regulation of multiple activities, including follicle development and ovulation in female reproductive physiology. However, the biological function of TGF-β1 in follicular development and in regulating the proliferation or apoptosis of granulosa cells in small tail Han sheep remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of TGF-β1 in the ovary at the follicular stage in small tail Han sheep. We further examined the effects of TGF-β1 on the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of granulosa cells. Differential expression of TGF-β1 at the mRNA and protein levels was detected in the ovaries between the beginning of estrus and at preovulation. Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling, and flow cytometry assays showed that adding 5 and 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 could improve the viability and growth rate, reduce the apoptosis rate, and reduce the expression level of the pro-apoptotic factor Bcl-2-modifying factor (BMF) in granulosa cells. Treatment of 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 at all time points (except 72 h) significantly increased the positive rate of EdU labeling compared to that of the control group. RNA interference of SMAD4 reversed the decreased apoptosis rate caused by stimulation with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1, accompanied by a corresponding increase in the BMF expression level. Collectively, these results indicate that TGF-β1 plays a role in the ovarian follicular-phase activity of small tail Han sheep by inhibiting the apoptosis of sheep granulosa cells through the SMAD4/BMF pathway to promote proliferation and vitality. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying TGF-β1 function regulation in granulosa cells, suggests a new target for the regulation of follicle development, and expands the new field of animal reproduction regulation technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingna Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuzhu Luo
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiqing Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhiyun Hao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu H, Xie Y, Dai M, Pan Y, Xie C. SMAD3 interacts with vitamin D receptor and affects vitamin D-mediated oxidative stress to ameliorate cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:6055-6068. [PMID: 36161391 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is caused by blood flow restoration after an ischaemic insult, and effective treatments targeting I/R injury are still insufficient. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cerebral I/R injury. This study investigated whether vitamin D receptor (VDR) could inhibit oxidative stress caused by cerebral I/R injury and explored the detailed mechanism. VDR was highly expressed in brain tissues of mice with cerebral I/R injury. Pretreatment with the active vitamin D calcitriol and synthetic vitamin D analogue paricalcitol (PC) reduced autophagy and apoptosis, improved neurological deficits and decreased infarct size in mice after cerebral I/R. Calcitriol or PC upregulated VDR expression to prevent cerebral I/R injury by affecting oxidative stress. Silencing of VDR reversed the protective effects of calcitriol or PC on brain tissues in mice with cerebral I/R. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that VDR interacted with SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3). It was validated through the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay that SMAD3 can bind to the VDR promoter and VDR can bind to the SMAD3 promoter. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that reciprocal activation between SMAD3 and VDR transcription factors defines vitamin D-mediated oxidative stress to prevent cerebral I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yu
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuxiang Xie
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Mingming Dai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuxiang Pan
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Chengzhi Xie
- Department of Critical Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sahbani K, Cardozo CP, Bauman WA, Tawfeek HA. Inhibition of TGF-β Signaling Attenuates Disuse-induced Trabecular Bone Loss After Spinal Cord Injury in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:bqab230. [PMID: 34791098 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bone loss is one of the most common complications of immobilization after spinal cord injury (SCI). Whether transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling plays a role in SCI-induced disuse bone loss has not been determined. Thus, 16-week-old male mice underwent sham or spinal cord contusion injury to cause complete hindlimb paralysis. Five days later, 10 mg/kg/day control (IgG) or anti-TGF-β1,2,3 neutralizing antibody (1D11) was administered twice weekly for 4 weeks. Femurs were examined by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning and histology. Bone marrow (BM) supernatants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for levels of procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP-5b), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Distal femoral micro-CT analysis showed that SCI-1D11 mice had significantly (P < .05) attenuated loss of trabecular fractional bone volume (123% SCI-1D11 vs 69% SCI-IgG), thickness (98% vs 81%), and connectivity (112% vs 69%) and improved the structure model index (2.1 vs 2.7). Histomorphometry analysis revealed that osteoclast numbers were lower in the SCI-IgG mice than in sham-IgG control. Biochemically, SCI-IgG mice had higher levels of P1NP and PGE2 but similar TRAcP-5b and RANKL/OPG ratio to the sham-IgG group. The SCI-1D11 group exhibited higher levels of P1NP but similar TRAcP-5b, RANKL/OPG ratio, and PGE2 to the sham-1D11 group. Furthermore, 1D11 treatment prevented SCI-induced hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in osteocytes, an event that destabilizes the cytoskeleton. Together, inhibition of TGF-β signaling after SCI protects trabecular bone integrity, likely by balancing bone remodeling, inhibiting PGE2 elevation, and preserving the osteocyte cytoskeleton.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Sahbani
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - William A Bauman
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Human Performance, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hesham A Tawfeek
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Bronx Veterans Medical Research Foundation, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
- Department of Medicine, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen YH, Cheadle CE, Rice LV, Pfeffer PE, Dimeloe S, Gupta A, Bush A, Gooptu B, Hawrylowicz CM. The Induction of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin by Vitamin D in Human T Cells Is TGF-β Dependent: A Proposed Anti-inflammatory Role in Airway Disease. Front Nutr 2021; 8:667203. [PMID: 34458299 PMCID: PMC8397538 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.667203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D upregulates anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial pathways that promote respiratory health. Vitamin D synthesis is initiated following skin exposure to sunlight, however nutritional supplementation can be required to address deficiency, for example during the winter months or due to cultural constraints. We recently reported that 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) treatment induced alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) expression in CD4+, but not CD8+ T cells, with evidence supporting an immunoregulatory role. Research Question: To understand the relationship between vitamin D, lung AAT levels and T lymphocytes further we investigated whether TGF-β is required as a co-factor for 1,25(OH)2D3-induced upregulation of AAT by vitamin D in CD8+ T cells in vitro and correlated circulating vitamin D levels with lung AAT levels in vivo. Results: 1,25(OH)2D3 in combination with TGF-β1 increased AAT expression by CD8+ T cells, as well as VDR and RXRα gene expression, which may partly explain the requirement for TGF-β. CD4+ T cells may also require autocrine stimulation with TGF-β as a co-factor since 1,25(OH)2D3 was associated with increased TGF-β bioactivity and neutralisation of TGF-β partially abrogated 1,25(OH)2D3-induced SERPINA1 gene expression. Neither CD4+ nor CD8+ T cells responded to the circulating vitamin D precursor, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 for induction of SERPINA1, suggesting that local generation of 1,25(OH)2D3 is required. Transcriptional gene profiling studies previously demonstrated that human bronchial epithelial cells rapidly increased TGF-β2 gene expression in response to 1,25(OH)2D3. Here, human epithelial cells responded to precursor 25(OH)D3 to increase bioactive TGF-β synthesis. CD8+ T cells responded comparably to TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 to increase 1,25(OH)2D3-induced AAT. However, CD8+ T cells from adults with AAT-deficiency, homozygous for the Z allele of SERPINA1, were unable to mount this response. AAT levels in the airways of children with asthma and controls correlated with circulating 25(OH)D3. Conclusions: Vitamin D increases AAT expression in human T cells and this response is impaired in T cells from individuals homozygous for the Z allele of SERPINA1 in a clinic population. Furthermore, a correlation between circulating vitamin D and airway AAT is reported. We propose that vitamin D-induced AAT contributes to local immunomodulation and airway health effects previously attributed to vitamin D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Huai Chen
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte E Cheadle
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise V Rice
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E Pfeffer
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Dimeloe
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Atul Gupta
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton & Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Bush
- Centre for Paediatrics and Child Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bibek Gooptu
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory and Leicester Institute of Structural & Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,London Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Service, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M Hawrylowicz
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology (Formerly Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology), School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Medical Research Council and Asthma UK Centre for Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frungieri MB, Calandra RS, Bartke A, Matzkin ME. Male and female gonadal ageing: its impact on health span and life span. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 197:111519. [PMID: 34139215 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is linked to changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and a progressive decline in gonadal function. While women become infertile when they enter menopause, fertility decline in ageing men does not necessarily involve a complete cessation of spermatogenesis. Gonadal dysfunction in elderly people is characterized by morphological, endocrine and metabolic alterations affecting the reproductive function and quality of life. With advancing age, sexuality turns into a critical emotional and physical factor actually defining the number of years that ageing people live a healthy life. Gonadal ageing correlates with comorbidities and an increased risk of age-related diseases including diabetes, kidney problems, cardiovascular failures and cancer. This article briefly summarizes the current state of knowledge on ovarian and testicular senescence, explores the experimental models used in the study of gonadal ageing, and describes the local pro-inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic events and the associated signalling pathways that take place in the gonads while people get older. Overall, literature reports that ageing exacerbates a mutual crosstalk among oxidative stress, apoptosis and the inflammatory response in the gonads leading to detrimental effects on fertility. Data also highlight the clinical implications of novel therapeutic interventions using antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory drugs on health span and life span.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica B Frungieri
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina; Cátedra de Química, Ciclo Básico Común, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1405CAE, Argentina.
| | - Ricardo S Calandra
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Division of Geriatrics Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - María E Matzkin
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, CONICET, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1428ADN, Argentina; Cátedra de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1121ABG, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hughes CHK, Murphy BD. Nuclear receptors: Key regulators of somatic cell functions in the ovulatory process. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 78:100937. [PMID: 33288229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of the ovarian follicle to its culmination by ovulation is an essential element of fertility. The final stages of ovarian follicular growth are characterized by granulosa cell proliferation and differentiation, and steroid synthesis under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). The result is a population of granulosa cells poised to respond to the ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors play indispensable roles in the regulation of these events. The key regulators of the final stages of follicular growth that precede ovulation from this family include the estrogen receptor beta (ESR2) and the androgen receptor (AR), with additional roles for others, including steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) and liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1). Following the LH surge, the mural and cumulus granulosa cells undergo rapid changes that result in expansion of the cumulus layer, and a shift in ovarian steroid hormone biosynthesis from estradiol to progesterone production. The nuclear receptor best associated with these events is LRH-1. Inadequate cumulus expansion is also observed in the absence of AR and ESR2, but not the progesterone receptor (PGR). The terminal stages of ovulation are regulated by PGR, which increases the abundance of the proteases that are directly responsible for rupture. It further regulates the prostaglandins and cytokines associated with the inflammatory-like characteristics of ovulation. LRH-1 regulates PGR, and is also a key regulator of steroidogenesis, cellular proliferation, and cellular migration, and cytoskeletal remodeling. In summary, nuclear receptors are among the panoply of transcriptional regulators with roles in ovulation, and several are necessary for normal ovarian function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camilla H K Hughes
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Qc, J2S 2M2, Canada
| | - Bruce D Murphy
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Qc, J2S 2M2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Q, Du X, Wang L, Shi K, Li Q. TGF-β1 controls porcine granulosa cell states: A miRNA-mRNA network view. Theriogenology 2020; 160:50-60. [PMID: 33181481 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β1, an important multi-functional cytokine of the TGF-β signaling pathway, has been reported to be crucial for ovarian granulosa cell (GC) states and female fertility. However, the molecular mechanism underlying TGF-β1 regulation of GC states remains largely unknown. Here, we provide a comprehensive transcriptomic view on TGF-β1 regulation of cell states in porcine GCs. We first confirmed that TGF-β1 can control GC states (apoptosis and proliferation) in pig ovary. RNA-seq showed that 909 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 890 DEmRNAs and 19 DEmiRNAs, were identified in TGF-β1-treated porcine GCs. Functional annotation showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in regulating cell states. In addition, multiple hub genes were identified by constructing the protein-protein interaction network, DEmiRNA-DEmRNAs regulatory network, and gene-pathway-function co-expression networks, which were further found to be enriched in FoxO, TGF-β, Wnt, PIK3-Akt, p53 and Ras signaling pathways that play important roles in regulating cell states, cell cycle, proliferation, stress-responses and inflammation. The current research deeply reveals the effects of TGF-β1 on porcine GCs, and also identifies potential therapeutic RNA molecules for inhibiting and rescuing female infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lingfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kerong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|