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Xie Z, Liu C, Sun C, Lu Y, Wu S, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wan Y, Wang Y, Yu M, Meng L, Deng J, Zhang W, Wang Z, Yang C, Yuan Y, Xie Z. A novel biomarker of fibrofatty replacement in dystrophinopathies identified by integrating transcriptome, magnetic resonance imaging, and pathology data. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:98-111. [PMID: 38146684 PMCID: PMC10834313 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to analyse genome-wide transcriptome differences between Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) patients and identify biomarkers that correlate well with muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histological fibrofatty replacement in both patients, which have not been reported. METHODS One hundred and one male patients with dystrophinopathies (55 DMD and 46 BMD) were enrolled. Muscle-derived genome-wide RNA-sequencing was performed in 31 DMD patients, 29 BMD patients, and 11 normal controls. Fibrofatty replacement was scored on muscle MRI and histological levels in all patients. A unique pipeline, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis combined with Spearman's rank correlations (ssGSEA-Cor) was developed to identify the most correlated gene signature for fibrofatty replacement. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis, western blot analysis, and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) were performed in the remaining patients to validate the most correlated gene signature. RESULTS Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed that 31 DMD muscles were characterized by a significant increase of inflammation/immune response and extracellular matrix remodelling compared with 29 BMD muscles (P < 0.05). The ssGSEA-Cor pipeline revealed that the gene set of CDKN2A and CDKN2B was the most correlated gene signature for fibrofatty replacement (histological rs = 0.744, P < 0.001; MRI rs = 0.718, P < 0.001). Muscle qRT-PCR confirmed that CDKN2A mRNA expression in both 15 DMD (median = 25.007, P < 0.001) and 12 BMD (median = 5.654, P < 0.001) patients were significantly higher than that in controls (median = 1.101), while no significant difference in CDKN2B mRNA expression was found among DMD, BMD, and control groups. In the 27 patients, muscle CDKN2A mRNA expression respectively correlated with muscle MRI (rs = 0.883, P < 0.001) and histological fibrofatty replacement (rs = 0.804, P < 0.001) and disease duration (rs = 0.645, P < 0.001) and North Star Ambulatory Assessment total scores (rs = -0.698, P < 0.001). Muscle western blot analysis confirmed that both four DMD (median = 2.958, P < 0.05) and four BMD (median = 1.959, P < 0.01) patients had a significantly higher level of CDKN2A protein expression than controls (median = 1.068). The snRNA-seq analysis of two DMD muscles revealed that CDKN2A was mainly expressed in fibro-adipogenic progenitors, satellite cells, and myoblasts. CONCLUSIONS We identify CDKN2A expression as a novel biomarker of fibrofatty replacement, which might be a new target for antifibrotic therapy in dystrophinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Xie
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chengyue Sun
- Department of NeurologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yanyu Lu
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Shiyi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department of PathologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yalan Wan
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yikang Wang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Meng Yu
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Lingchao Meng
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jianwen Deng
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhaoxia Wang
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Yun Yuan
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Zhiying Xie
- Department of NeurologyPeking University First HospitalBeijingChina
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Wang Z, Wang C, Zhang Y, Liu S, Cheng Y, Wang S, Xia P, Hao L. Porcine IGF-1R synonymous mutations in the extracellular domain affect proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells. Gene 2023; 854:147098. [PMID: 36496177 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Miniature pigs are considered ideal organ donors for xenotransplantation in humans, but the mechanism underlying their dwarfism remains to be elucidated. IGF-1R is a crucial factor in body size formation in mammals, including skeletal muscle formation and development. The extracellular domain (ECD) binds to the ligand, a phenomenon that results in the activation of downstream pathways. METHODS In this study, the coding sequences of two IGF-1R ECD haplotypes of the large Landrace (LP) pig and the small Bama Xiang (BM) pig were cloned into pcDNA3.1 vectors to generate pcDNA3.1-LP and pcDNA3.1-BM. The two recombinant vectors were then transfected into skeletal muscle cells. RESULTS IGF-1R transcript was found to be expressed at higher levels in the pcDNA3.1-LP group than in the pcDNA3.1-BM group. The IGF-1R ECD from LP promoted cell proliferation and CyclinD1 expression, and promoted the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (to yield p-AKT). Moreover, the IGF-1R ECD from LP increased cell differentiation and the expression of myogenic determination factor (MyoD). CONCLUSION Our data indicated that the IGF-1R ECD haplotypes between pig breeds with different body sizes affect IGF-1R expression, in turn affecting the proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells by activating downstream signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoguo Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Songcai Liu
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
| | - Yunyun Cheng
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Peijun Xia
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130061, China.
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Molecular and cellular effects of gold nanoparticles treatment in experimental diabetic myopathy. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10358. [PMID: 36060470 PMCID: PMC9437799 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to address the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on diabetic myopathy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods Adult male rats were separated into three groups (n = 15): non-diabetic control (ND), diabetic (D), and diabetic treated with AuNPs (2.5 mg/kg, D + AuNPs) intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. A single injection of 50 mg/kg STZ was used to induce diabetes. Results Treatment with AuNPs lowered blood glucose levels. Skeletal muscle mRNA expression of two muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin-ligases enzymes, F-box-only protein 32 (FBXO32) and muscle RING-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) were upregulated in the D group. Diabetic rats showed significant increases in the skeletal muscle expression levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and a decrease in glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) expression. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased in skeletal muscles of D group. Compared to the D group, expression levels of FBXO32, MuRF1, PAI-1 TNF-α, and TGF-β1 were decreased in the D + AuNPs group, and mRNA of GLUT4 increased. Furthermore, in D + AuNPs group, skeletal muscle MDA levels decreased while SOD activity increased. Conclusion In experimental models, AuNPs can ameliorate muscle atrophy by reducing hyperglycemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and by suppressing the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolytic process.
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Rodgers BD, Ward CW. Myostatin/Activin Receptor Ligands in Muscle and the Development Status of Attenuating Drugs. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:329-365. [PMID: 34520530 PMCID: PMC8905337 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Muscle wasting disease indications are among the most debilitating and often deadly noncommunicable disease states. As a comorbidity, muscle wasting is associated with different neuromuscular diseases and myopathies, cancer, heart failure, chronic pulmonary and renal diseases, peripheral neuropathies, inflammatory disorders, and, of course, musculoskeletal injuries. Current treatment strategies are relatively ineffective and can at best only limit the rate of muscle degeneration. This includes nutritional supplementation and appetite stimulants as well as immunosuppressants capable of exacerbating muscle loss. Arguably, the most promising treatments in development attempt to disrupt myostatin and activin receptor signaling because these circulating factors are potent inhibitors of muscle growth and regulators of muscle progenitor cell differentiation. Indeed, several studies demonstrated the clinical potential of "inhibiting the inhibitors," increasing muscle cell protein synthesis, decreasing degradation, enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, and preserving muscle function. Such changes can prevent muscle wasting in various disease animal models yet many drugs targeting this pathway failed during clinical trials, some from serious treatment-related adverse events and off-target interactions. More often, however, failures resulted from the inability to improve muscle function despite preserving muscle mass. Drugs still in development include antibodies and gene therapeutics, all with different targets and thus, safety, efficacy, and proposed use profiles. Each is unique in design and, if successful, could revolutionize the treatment of both acute and chronic muscle wasting. They could also be used in combination with other developing therapeutics for related muscle pathologies or even metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher W Ward
- Department of Orthopedics and Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology (BioMET), University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD, USA
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Yang J, Wang K, An Y, Wu R, Li J, Wang H, Dong Y. Mst1/2 is necessary for satellite cell differentiation to promote muscle regeneration. Stem Cells 2022; 40:74-87. [DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxab010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The diminished ability for muscle to regenerate is associated with aging, diabetes and cancers. Muscle regeneration depends on the activation and differentiation of satellite cells (SCs). Inactivation of Mst1/2 promotes cell proliferation by activating Yap, and that has been reported as a potential therapeutic target for improving many organ regeneration. However, the function of Mst1/2 in SCs fate decision and that effect on muscle regeneration remain unknown. By using inducible conditional knockout Mst1/2 in the SCs of mice and an inhibitor of Mst1/2, we found that inhibition of Mst1/2 in SCs significantly decrease Yap phosphorylation, thus causing Yap to accumulate in the nucleus and impairing SC differentiation; Mst1/2 were slightly elevated by irisin stimulation during SC differentiation; but inhibiting Mst1/2 in SCs significantly impaired irisin-induced muscle regeneration. These results indicate that Mst1/2 is necessary for SC differentiation and inhibiting Mst1/2 as a therapeutic target has potential risks for muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yina An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangbo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Padilla S, Nurden AT, Prado R, Nurden P, Anitua E. Healing through the lens of immunothrombosis: Biology-inspired, evolution-tailored, and human-engineered biomimetic therapies. Biomaterials 2021; 279:121205. [PMID: 34710794 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Evolution, from invertebrates to mammals, has yielded and shaped immunoclotting as a defense and repair response against trauma and infection. This mosaic of immediate and local wound-sealing and pathogen-killing mechanisms results in survival, restoration of homeostasis, and tissue repair. In mammals, immunoclotting has been complemented with the neuroendocrine system, platelets, and contact system among other embellishments, adding layers of complexity through interconnecting blood-born proteolytic cascades, blood cells, and the neuroendocrine system. In doing so, immunothrombosis endows humans with survival advantages, but entails vulnerabilities in the current unprecedented and increasingly challenging environment. Immunothrombosis and tissue repair appear to go hand in hand with common mechanisms mediating both processes, a fact that is underlined by recent advances that are deciphering the mechanisms of the repair process and of the biochemical pathways that underpins coagulation, hemostasis and thrombosis. This review is intended to frame both the universal aspects of tissue repair and the therapeutic use of autologous fibrin matrix as a biology-as-a-drug approach in the context of the evolutionary changes in coagulation and hemostasis. In addition, we will try to shed some light on the molecular mechanisms underlying the use of the autologous fibrin matrix as a biology-inspired, evolution-tailored, and human-engineered biomimetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Padilla
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Roberto Prado
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research, Vitoria, Spain; BTI-Biotechnology Institute ImasD, Vitoria, Spain; University Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHU-Fundación Eduardo Anitua), Vitoria, Spain.
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7
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Li Y, Sun X, Bai Y, Ji Y, Ren H, Yu X, Yan Y, He X, Dong Y, Zhang L, Luo X, Wang H. Vitellogenin 2 promotes muscle development and stimulates the browning of white fat. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22985-23003. [PMID: 34609951 PMCID: PMC8544334 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eggs are rich in nutrients and contain a lot of protein. Although eggs have proved to accelerate the growth of C2C12 cells, the regulatory and mechanism of fertilized egg yolk extract (FEYE) on skeletal muscle development and fat metabolism remains unclearly. The mice were treated with FEYE by gavage for 24 d, we found that FEYE can inhibit the expression of skeletal muscle atrophy genes such as MSTN and Murf-1, and up-regulate the expression levels of MYOD, MYOG and Irisin. In addition, the treatment of FEYE induced UCP1 and PGC1α high expression in WAT, thereby causing WAT browning reaction. In order to confirm the composition of FEYE, we performed protein full spectrum identification (LC MS/MS) analysis and found the most enriched component is vitellogenin 2 (VTG2). Therefore, we added the recombinant protein VTG2 to C2C12 cells and found that VTG2 promoted the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells. After that, we further proved that VTG2 inhibited the expression of MSTN and improved the expression of MYOD and Irisin. Finally, the dual luciferase test proved that VTG2 directly inhibited the transcriptional activity of MSTN. Our results conclude that FEYE inhibits the expression of MSTN in muscle tissues by delivering VTG2, thereby promoting skeletal muscle development, and can also promote the expression level of FNDC5 in serum. Then, FNDC5 acts on the fat through the serum, stimulating the browning reaction of white adipocytes. Therefore, VTG2 can be used to stop muscle consumption, improve skeletal muscle aging, and prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yun Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yunyan Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Huawei Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiuju Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yi Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Yanjun Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China.,Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaomao Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, China
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Kok HJ, Barton ER. Actions and interactions of IGF-I and MMPs during muscle regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 119:11-22. [PMID: 33962867 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Muscle regeneration requires the coordination of several factors to mobilize satellite cells and macrophages, remodel the extracellular matrix surrounding muscle fibers, and repair existing and/or form new muscle fibers. In this review, we focus on insulin-like growth factor I and the matrix metalloproteinases, which are secreted proteins that act on cells and the matrix to resolve damage. While their actions appear independent, their interactions occur at the transcriptional and post-translational levels to promote feed-forward activation of each other. Together, these proteins assist at virtually every step of the repair process, and contribute significantly to muscle regenerative capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jean Kok
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, 1864 Stadium Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Applied Physiology & Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, University of Florida, 1864 Stadium Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Luo X, Deng Q, Xue Y, Zhang T, Wu Z, Peng H, Xuan L, Pan G. Anti-Fibrosis Effects of Magnesium Lithospermate B in Experimental Pulmonary Fibrosis: By Inhibiting TGF-βRI/Smad Signaling. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061715. [PMID: 33808650 PMCID: PMC8003516 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe and irreversible interstitial pulmonary disease with high mortality and few treatments. Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) is a hydrosoluble component of Salvia miltiorrhiza and has been reported to have antifibrotic effects in other forms of tissue fibrosis. In this research, we studied the effects of MLB on pulmonary fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms. Our results indicated that MLB treatment (50 mg/kg) for seven days could attenuate bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis by reducing the alveolar structure disruption and collagen deposition in the C57 mouse model. MLB was also found to inhibit transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)-stimulated myofibroblastic transdifferentiation of human lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) cells and collagen production by human type II alveolar epithelial cell line (A549) cells, mainly by decreasing the expression of TGF-β receptor I (TGF-βRI) and regulating the TGF-β/Smad pathway. Further studies confirmed that the molecular mechanisms of MLB in BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice were similar to those observed in vitro. In summary, our results demonstrated that MLB could alleviate experimental pulmonary fibrosis both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that MLB has great potential for pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiangqiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
| | - Yaru Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhitao Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210033, China;
| | - Huige Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
| | - Lijiang Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (G.P.)
| | - Guoyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, China; (X.L.); (Q.D.); (Y.X.); (T.Z.); (H.P.)
- School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: (L.X.); (G.P.)
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Squecco R, Chellini F, Idrizaj E, Tani A, Garella R, Pancani S, Pavan P, Bambi F, Zecchi-Orlandini S, Sassoli C. Platelet-Rich Plasma Modulates Gap Junction Functionality and Connexin 43 and 26 Expression During TGF-β1-Induced Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition: Clues for Counteracting Fibrosis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051199. [PMID: 32408529 PMCID: PMC7290305 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle repair/regeneration may benefit by Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) treatment owing to PRP pro-myogenic and anti-fibrotic effects. However, PRP anti-fibrotic action remains controversial. Here, we extended our previous researches on the inhibitory effects of PRP on in vitro transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, the effector cells of fibrosis, focusing on gap junction (GJ) intercellular communication. The myofibroblastic phenotype was evaluated by cell shape analysis, confocal fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting analyses of α-smooth muscle actin and type-1 collagen expression, and electrophysiological recordings of resting membrane potential, resistance, and capacitance. PRP negatively regulated myofibroblast differentiation by modifying all the assessed parameters. Notably, myofibroblast pairs showed an increase of voltage-dependent GJ functionality paralleled by connexin (Cx) 43 expression increase. TGF-β1-treated cells, when exposed to a GJ blocker, or silenced for Cx43 expression, failed to differentiate towards myofibroblasts. Although a minority, myofibroblast pairs also showed not-voltage-dependent GJ currents and coherently Cx26 expression. PRP abolished the TGF-β1-induced voltage-dependent GJ current appearance while preventing Cx43 increase and promoting Cx26 expression. This study adds insights into molecular and functional mechanisms regulating fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and supports the anti-fibrotic potential of PRP, demonstrating the ability of this product to hamper myofibroblast generation targeting GJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Squecco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Flaminia Chellini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Eglantina Idrizaj
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Rachele Garella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Physiological Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (R.S.); (E.I.); (R.G.)
| | - Sofia Pancani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Paola Pavan
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children’s Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Franco Bambi
- Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy Unit, "A. Meyer" University Children’s Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy; (P.P.); (F.B.)
| | - Sandra Zecchi-Orlandini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
| | - Chiara Sassoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy; (F.C.); (A.T.); (S.P.); (S.Z.-O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0552-7580-63
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11
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Shen W, Huang B, He Y, Shi L, Yang J. Long non‐coding RNA RP11‐820 promotes extracellular matrix production via regulating miR‐3178/MYOD1 in human trabecular meshwork cells. FEBS J 2019; 287:978-990. [PMID: 31495061 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wencui Shen
- Tianjin Eye Hospital & Eye Institute Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science NanKai University Tianjin China
| | - Bingqing Huang
- Department of Pathology Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Tianjin China
| | - Ye He
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital China
| | - Liukun Shi
- Tianjin Eye Hospital & Eye Institute Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science NanKai University Tianjin China
| | - Jin Yang
- Tianjin Eye Hospital & Eye Institute Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science NanKai University Tianjin China
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12
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Magdaleno F, Blajszczak CC, Charles-Niño CL, Guadrón-Llanos AM, Vázquez-Álvarez AO, Miranda-Díaz AG, Nieto N, Islas-Carbajal MC, Rincón-Sánchez AR. Aminoguanidine reduces diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:3125-3138. [PMID: 31572553 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoguanidine (AG) inhibits advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) accumulated as a result of excessive oxidative stress in diabetes. However, the molecular mechanism by which AG reduces AGE-associated damage in diabetes is not well understood. Thus, we investigated whether AG supplementation mitigates oxidative-associated cardiac fibrosis in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Forty-five male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control, T2DM and T2DM+AG. Rats were fed with a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet (HFCD) for 2 weeks and rendered diabetic using low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) (20 mg/kg), and one group was treated with AG (20 mg/kg) up to 25 weeks. In vitro experiments were performed in primary rat myofibroblasts to confirm the antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of AG and to determine if blocking the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) prevents the fibrogenic response in myofibroblasts. Diabetic rats exhibited an increase in cardiac fibrosis resulting from HFCD and STZ injections. By contrast, AG treatment significantly reduced cardiac fibrosis, α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and oxidative-associated Nox4 and Nos2 mRNA expression. In vitro challenge of myofibroblasts with AG under T2DM conditions reduced intra- and extracellular collagen type I expression and Pdgfb, Tgfβ1 and Col1a1 mRNAs, albeit with similar expression of Tnfα and Il6 mRNAs. This was accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and SMAD2/3 but not of AKT1/2/3 and STAT pathways. RAGE blockade further attenuated collagen type I expression in AG-treated myofibroblasts. Thus, AG reduces oxidative stress-associated cardiac fibrosis by reducing pERK1/2, pSMAD2/3 and collagen type I expression via AGE/RAGE signaling in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Magdaleno
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | | | - Claudia Lisette Charles-Niño
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico.,Department of Microbiology and Pathology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Alma Marlene Guadrón-Llanos
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Alan Omar Vázquez-Álvarez
- Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Natalia Nieto
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - María Cristina Islas-Carbajal
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Therapeutics, Department of Physiology, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
| | - Ana Rosa Rincón-Sánchez
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Gene Therapy, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco 44340, Mexico
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13
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Peck BD, Brightwell CR, Johnson DL, Ireland ML, Noehren B, Fry CS. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Promotes Skeletal Muscle Myostatin Expression, Fibrogenic Cell Expansion, and a Decline in Muscle Quality. Am J Sports Med 2019; 47:1385-1395. [PMID: 30995070 PMCID: PMC6995871 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519832864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears result in significant quadriceps muscle atrophy that is resistant to recovery despite extensive rehabilitation. Recent work suggests an elevated fibrotic burden in the quadriceps muscle after the injury, which may limit recovery. Elucidating the mechanisms and cell types involved in the progression of fibrosis is critical for developing new treatment strategies. PURPOSE To identify factors contributing to the elevated fibrotic burden found after the injury. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS After an ACL injury, muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from the injured and noninjured vastus lateralis of young adults (n = 14, mean ± SD: 23 ± 4 years). The expression of myostatin, transforming growth factor β, and other regulatory factors was measured, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed to assess turnover of extracellular matrix components. RESULTS Injured limb skeletal muscle demonstrated elevated myostatin gene ( P < .005) and protein ( P < .0005) expression, which correlated ( R2 = 0.38, P < .05) with fibroblast cell abundance. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that human fibroblasts express the activin type IIB receptor and that isolated primary human muscle-derived fibroblasts increased proliferation after myostatin treatment in vitro ( P < .05). Collagen 1 and fibronectin, primary components of the muscle extracellular matrix, were significantly higher in the injured limb ( P < .05). The abundance of procollagen 1-expressing cells as well as a novel index of collagen remodeling was also elevated in the injured limb ( P < .05). CONCLUSION These findings support a role for myostatin in promoting fibrogenic alterations within skeletal muscle after an ACL injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The current work shows that the cause of muscle quality decline after ACL injury likely involves elevated myostatin expression, and future studies should explore therapeutic inhibition of myostatin to facilitate improvements in muscle recovery and return to sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey D. Peck
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Camille R. Brightwell
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Darren L. Johnson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Mary Lloyd Ireland
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Brian Noehren
- Department of Rehabilitation Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christopher S. Fry
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.,Address correspondence to Christopher S. Fry, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1224, USA ()
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14
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O'Sullivan TF, Smith AC, Watson EL. Satellite cell function, intramuscular inflammation and exercise in chronic kidney disease. Clin Kidney J 2018; 11:810-821. [PMID: 30524716 PMCID: PMC6275451 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfy052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle wasting is a common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is clinically relevant due to associations with quality of life, physical functioning, mortality and a number of comorbidities. Satellite cells (SCs) are a population of skeletal muscle progenitor cells responsible for accrual and maintenance of muscle mass by providing new nuclei to myofibres. Recent evidence from animal models and human studies indicates CKD may negatively affect SC abundance and function in response to stimuli such as exercise and damage. The aim of this review is to collate recent literature on the effect of CKD on SCs, with a particular focus on the myogenic response to exercise in this population. Exercise is widely recognized as important for the maintenance of healthy skeletal muscle mass and is increasingly advocated in the care of a number of chronic conditions. Therefore a greater understanding of the impact of uraemia upon SCs and the possible altered myogenic response in CKD is required to inform strategies to prevent uraemic cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom F O'Sullivan
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alice C Smith
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- John Walls Renal Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Emma L Watson
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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15
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Autologous fibrin scaffolds: When platelet- and plasma-derived biomolecules meet fibrin. Biomaterials 2018; 192:440-460. [PMID: 30500725 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The healing of vascularized mammalian tissue injuries initiate with hemostasis and clotting as part of biological defense system leading to the formation of a fibrin clot in which activated platelets are trapped to quickly stop bleeding and destroy microbials. In order to harness the therapeutic potential of biomolecules secreted by platelets and stemmed from plasma, blood deconstruction has allowed to yield autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffold. The autologous growth factors and microparticles stemmed from platelets and plasma, interact with fibrin, extracellular matrix, and tissue cells in a combinatorial, synergistic, and multidirectional way on mechanisms governing tissue repair. This interplay will induce a wide range of cell specifications during inflammation and repair process including but not limited to fibrogenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. As biology-as-a-drug approach, autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffold is emerging as a safe and efficacious natural human-engineered growth factor delivery system to repair musculoskeletal tissues, and skin and corneal ulcers and burns. In doing so, it acts as therapeutic agent not perfect but close to biological precision. However, this autologous, biocompatible, biodegradable, and long in vivo lasting strategy faces several challenges, including its non-conventional single dose-response effect, the lack of standardization in its preparation and application, and the patient's biological features. In this review, we give an account of the main events of tissue repair. Then, we describe the procedure to prepare autologous platelet-and plasma-derived protein fibrin scaffolds, and the rationale behind these biomaterials, and finally, we highlight the significance of strategic accuracy in their application.
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16
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Krieger J, Park BW, Lambert CR, Malcuit C. 3D skeletal muscle fascicle engineering is improved with TGF-β1 treatment of myogenic cells and their co-culture with myofibroblasts. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4939. [PMID: 30018850 PMCID: PMC6045923 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Skeletal muscle wound healing is dependent on complex interactions between fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, myogenic cells, and cytokines, such as TGF-β1. This study sought to clarify the impact of TGF-β1 signaling on skeletal muscle cells and discern between the individual contributions of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts to myogenesis when in co-culture with myogenic cells. 3D tissue-engineered models were compared to equivalent 2D culture conditions to assess the efficacy of each culture model to predictively recapitulate the in vivo muscle environment. Methods TGF-β1 treatment and mono-/co-cultures containing human dermal fibroblasts or myofibroblasts and C2C12 mouse myoblasts were assessed in 2D and 3D environments. Three culture systems were compared: cell monolayers grown on 2D dishes and 3D tissues prepared via a self-assembly method or collagen 1-based hydrogel biofabrication. qPCR identified gene expression changes during fibroblast to myofibroblast and myoblast differentiation between culture conditions. Changes to cell phenotype and tissue morphology were characterized via immunostaining for myosin heavy chain, procollagen, and α-smooth muscle actin. Tissue elastic moduli were measured with parallel plate compression and atomic force microscopy systems, and a slack test was employed to quantify differences in tissue architecture and integrity. Results TGF-β1 treatment improved myogenesis in 3D mono- and co-cultures containing muscle cells, but not in 2D. The 3D TGF-β1-treated co-culture containing myoblasts and myofibroblasts expressed the highest levels of myogenin and collagen 1, demonstrating a greater capacity to drive myogenesis than fibroblasts or TGF-β1-treatment in monocultures containing only myoblasts. These constructs possessed the greatest tissue stability, integrity, and muscle fiber organization, as demonstrated by their rapid and sustained shortening velocity during slack tests, and the highest Young’s modulus of 6.55 kPA, approximate half the stiffness of in situ muscle. Both self-assembled and hydrogel-based tissues yielded the most multinucleated, elongated, and aligned muscle fiber histology. In contrast, the equivalent 2D co-culture model treated with TGF-β1 completely lacked myotube formation through suppression of myogenin gene expression. Discussion These results show skeletal muscle regeneration can be promoted by treating myogenic cells with TGF-β1, and myofibroblasts are superior enhancers of myogenesis than fibroblasts. Critically, both TGF-β1 treatment and co-culturing skeletal muscle cells with myofibroblasts can serve as myogenesis accelerators across multiple tissue engineering platforms. Equivalent 2D culture systems cannot replicate these affects, however, highlighting a need to continually improve in vitro models for skeletal muscle development, discovery of therapeutics for muscle regeneration, and research and development of in vitro meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Krieger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
| | - Byung-Wook Park
- Department of Civil/Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Youngstown State University, Youngstown, OH, United States of America
| | - Christopher R Lambert
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA, United States of America
| | - Christopher Malcuit
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States of America
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17
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Hepatocyte Growth Factor Regulates the miR-206-HDAC4 Cascade to Control Neurogenic Muscle Atrophy following Surgical Denervation in Mice. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 12:568-577. [PMID: 30195792 PMCID: PMC6077135 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been well characterized for its roles in the migration of muscle progenitors during embryogenesis and the differentiation of muscle stem cells, but its function in adult neurogenic muscle atrophic conditions is poorly understood. Here we investigated whether HGF/c-met signaling has any effects on muscle-atrophic conditions. It was found that HGF expression was upregulated in skeletal muscle tissue following surgical denervation and in hSOD1-G93A transgenic mice showing severe muscle loss. Pharmacological inhibition of the c-met receptor decreased the expression level of pri-miR-206, enhanced that of HDAC4 and atrogenes, and resulted in increased muscle atrophy. In C2C12 cells, HGF inhibited phosphorylation of Smad3 and relieved TGF-β-mediated suppression of miR-206 expression via JNK. When extra HGF was exogenously provided through intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA expressing HGF, the extent of muscle atrophy was reduced, and the levels of all affected biochemical markers were changed accordingly, including those of primary and mature miR-206, HDAC4, and various atrogenes. Taken together, our finding suggested that HGF might play an important role in regard to neurogenic muscle atrophy and that HGF might be used as a platform to develop therapeutic agents for neuromuscular disorders.
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18
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Alameddine HS, Morgan JE. Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases in Inflammation and Fibrosis of Skeletal Muscles. J Neuromuscul Dis 2018; 3:455-473. [PMID: 27911334 PMCID: PMC5240616 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-160183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In skeletal muscles, levels and activity of Matrix MetalloProteinases (MMPs) and Tissue Inhibitors of MetalloProteinases (TIMPs) have been involved in myoblast migration, fusion and various physiological and pathological remodeling situations including neuromuscular diseases. This has opened perspectives for the use of MMPs' overexpression to improve the efficiency of cell therapy in muscular dystrophies and resolve fibrosis. Alternatively, inhibition of individual MMPs in animal models of muscular dystrophies has provided evidence of beneficial, dual or adverse effects on muscle morphology or function. We review here the role played by MMPs/TIMPs in skeletal muscle inflammation and fibrosis, two major hurdles that limit the success of cell and gene therapy. We report and analyze the consequences of genetic or pharmacological modulation of MMP levels on the inflammation of skeletal muscles and their repair in light of experimental findings. We further discuss how the interplay between MMPs/TIMPs levels, cytokines/chemokines, growth factors and permanent low-grade inflammation favor cellular and molecular modifications resulting in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala S Alameddine
- Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
| | - Jennifer E Morgan
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, Molecular Neurosciences Section, Developmental Neurosciences Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London, UK
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Abstract
Soft tissue trauma of skeletal muscle is one of the most common side effects in surgery. Muscle injuries are not only caused by accident-related injuries but can also be of an iatrogenic nature as they occur during surgical interventions when the anatomical region of interest is exposed. If the extent of trauma surpasses the intrinsic regenerative capacities, signs of fatty degeneration and formation of fibrotic scar tissue can occur, and, consequentially, muscle function deteriorates or is diminished. Despite research efforts to investigate the physiological healing cascade following trauma, our understanding of the early onset of healing and how it potentially determines success or failure is still only fragmentary. This review focuses on the initial physiological pathways following skeletal muscle trauma in comparison to bone and tendon trauma and what conclusions can be drawn from new scientific insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Strategies to support regeneration of muscle tissue after injury are scarce, even though muscle trauma has a high incidence. Based on tissue specific differences, possible clinical treatment options such as local immune-modulatory and cell therapeutic approaches are suggested that aim to support the endogenous regenerative potential of injured muscle tissues.
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20
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Jin CF, Li Y, Ding XB, Li X, Zhang LL, Liu XF, Guo H. lnc133b, a novel, long non-coding RNA, regulates bovine skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation by mediating miR-133b. Gene 2017; 630:35-43. [PMID: 28757453 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle satellite cells is regulated by multiple regulatory factors including non-coding RNAs. It has been reported that miR-133b regulates myogenesis. In this study, we detected a novel lncRNA, lnc133b, which is completely complemented by mature miR-133b, indicating that lnc133b may regulate the expression of miR-133b by "sponge" miR-133b. A luciferase report assay confirmed that lnc133b interacts with miR-133b in regions complemented by miR-133b. We successfully constructed lnc133b gain/loss-of-function cell models by infecting LV-1nc133b and transfecting si-lnc133b into satellite cells. Results of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays showed that overexpression or inhibition of lnc133b could promote the proliferation or inhibition of satellite cell differentiation. The qRT-PCR results also showed that lnc133b negatively regulates miR-133b expression and a Western blot assay showed that lnc133b positively regulates IGF1R expression, indicating that the lnc133b/miR-133b/IGF1R axis is a potential pathway for promoting satellite cell proliferation and repressing their differentiation through the ceRNA mechanism. Building on the findings of previous reports, we constructed the lnc133b/miR-133b/FGFR1 & PP2AC pathway to improve the lnc133b regulation network regulating the proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells. The current study provides a new perspective for understanding the mechanism regulating satellite cell proliferation and differentiation through the interaction of miR-133b and lnc133b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fei Jin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiang Bin Ding
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lin Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xin Feng Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
| | - Hong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China.
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22
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Fibrosis development in early-onset muscular dystrophies: Mechanisms and translational implications. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 64:181-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Delaney K, Kasprzycka P, Ciemerych MA, Zimowska M. The role of TGF-β1 during skeletal muscle regeneration. Cell Biol Int 2017; 41:706-715. [PMID: 28035727 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The injury of adult skeletal muscle initiates series of well-coordinated events that lead to the efficient repair of the damaged tissue. Any disturbances during muscle myolysis or reconstruction may result in the unsuccessful regeneration, characterised by strong inflammatory response and formation of connective tissue, that is, fibrosis. The switch between proper regeneration of skeletal muscle and development of fibrosis is controlled by various factors. Amongst them are those belonging to the transforming growth factor β family. One of the TGF-β family members is TGF-β1, a multifunctional cytokine involved in the regulation of muscle repair via satellite cells activation, connective tissue formation, as well as regulation of the immune response intensity. Here, we present the role of TGF-β1 in myogenic differentiation and muscle repair. The understanding of the mechanisms controlling these processes can contribute to the better understanding of skeletal muscle atrophy and diseases which consequence is fibrosis disrupting muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Delaney
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Kasprzycka
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Anna Ciemerych
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zimowska
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Institute of Zoology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
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Single-cell analysis reveals IGF-1 potentiation of inhibition of the TGF-β/Smad pathway of fibrosis in human keratocytes in vitro. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34373. [PMID: 27687492 PMCID: PMC5043377 DOI: 10.1038/srep34373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Corneal wound healing is often affected by TGF-β–mediated fibrosis and scar formation. Guided fibrosis with IGF-1 and antifibrotic substances might maintain corneal transparency. Primary human corneal keratocytes under serum-free conditions were used as a model of corneal stromal wounding, with markers of corneal fibrosis and opacity studied under TGF-β2 stimulation. Single-cell imaging flow cytometry was used to determine nuclearization of Smad3, and intracellular fluorescence intensity of Smad7 and the corneal crystallin aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1. Extracellular matrix proteoglycans keratocan and biglycan were quantified using ELISAs. On the TGF-β2 background, the keratocytes were treated with IGF-1, and suberoylanilidehydroxamic acid (SAHA) or halofuginone ± IGF-1. IGF-1 alone decreased Smad3 nuclearization and increased aldehyde dehydrogenase 3A1 expression, with favorable extracellular matrix proteoglycan composition. SAHA induced higher Smad7 levels and inhibited translocation of Smad3 to the nucleus, also when combined with IGF-1. Immunofluorescence showed that myofibroblast transdifferentiation is attenuated and appearance of fibroblasts is favored by IGF-1 alone and in combination with the antifibrotic substances. The TGF-β/Smad pathway of fibrosis and opacity was inhibited by IGF-1, and further with SAHA in particular, and with halofuginone. IGF-1 is thus a valid aid to antifibrotic treatment, with potential for effective and transparent corneal wound healing.
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The pathway to muscle fibrosis depends on myostatin stimulating the differentiation of fibro/adipogenic progenitor cells in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2016; 91:119-128. [PMID: 27653838 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2016.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis in skeletal muscle develops after injury or in response to chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the origin of cells becoming fibrous tissue and the initiating and sustaining mechanisms causing muscle fibrosis are unclear. We identified muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitor cells (FAPs) that potentially differentiate into adipose tissues or fibrosis. We also demonstrated that CKD stimulates myostatin production in muscle. Therefore, we tested whether CKD induces myostatin, which stimulates fibrotic differentiation of FAPs leading to fibrosis in skeletal muscles. We isolated FAPs from mouse muscles and found that myostatin stimulates their proliferation and conversion into fibrocytes. In vivo, FAPs isolated from EGFP-transgenic mice (FAPs-EGFP) were transplanted into muscles of mice with CKD or into mouse muscles that were treated with myostatin. CKD or myostatin stimulated FAPs-EGFP proliferation in muscle and increased α-smooth muscle actin expression in FAP-EGFP cells. When myostatin was inhibited with a neutralizing peptibody (a chimeric peptide-Fc fusion protein), the FAP proliferation and muscle fibrosis induced by CKD were both suppressed. Knocking down Smad3 in cultured FAPs interrupted their conversion into fibrocytes, indicating that myostatin directly converts FAPs into fibrocytes. Thus, counteracting myostatin may be a strategy for preventing the development of fibrosis in skeletal muscles of patients with CKD.
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Dong J, Dong Y, Dong Y, Chen F, Mitch WE, Zhang L. Inhibition of myostatin in mice improves insulin sensitivity via irisin-mediated cross talk between muscle and adipose tissues. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:434-442. [PMID: 26435323 PMCID: PMC4783239 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background/Objective In mice, a high fat diet (HFD) induces obesity, insulin resistance and myostatin production. We tested whether inhibition of myostatin in mice can reverse these HFD-induced abnormalities. Subjects/Methods C57BL/6 mice were fed a HFD for 16 weeks including the final 4 weeks some mice were treated with an anti-myostatin peptibody. Body composition, the respiratory exchange ratio plus glucose and insulin tolerance tests were examined. Myostatin knock down in C2C12 cells was performed using ShRNA lentivirus. Adipose tissue-derived stem cells were cultured to measure their reponses to conditioned media from C2C12 cells lacking myostatin, or to recombinant myostatin or Irisin. Isolated peritoneal macrophages were treated with myostatin or Irisin to determine if myostatin or Irisin induce inflammatory mechanisms. Results In HFD-fed mice, peptibody treatment stimulated muscle growth and improved insulin resistance. The improved glucose and insulin tolerances were confirmed when we found increased muscle expression of p-Akt and the glucose transporter, Glut4. In mice fed the HFD, the peptibody suppressed macrophage infiltration and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in both muscle and adipocytes. Inhibition of myostatin caused the conversion of white (WAT) to brown adipose tissue (BAT) while stimulating fatty acid oxidation and increasing energy expenditure. The related mechanism is a muscle-to-fat cross talk mediated by Irisin. Myostatin inhibition increased PGC-1α expression and Irisin production in muscle. Irisin then stimulated WAT browning. Irisin also suppresses inflammation and stimulates macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 types. Concusion these results uncover a metabolic pathway from an increase in myostatin that suppresses Irisin leading to activation of inflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance. Thus, myostatin is a potential therapeutic target to treat insulin resistance of type II diabetes as well as the shortage of brown/beige fat in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangling Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.,Baylor College of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Yanjun Dong
- Baylor College of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Houston, TX, 77030.,Beijing Institutes of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, An Zhen Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yanlan Dong
- Baylor College of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - William E Mitch
- Baylor College of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Liping Zhang
- Baylor College of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Houston, TX, 77030
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Tyrosine 705 Phosphorylation of STAT3 Is Associated with Phenotype Severity in TGFβ1 Transgenic Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:843743. [PMID: 26380299 PMCID: PMC4561300 DOI: 10.1155/2015/843743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) is a key player in skeletal muscle degenerative and regenerative processes. We previously showed that conditionally overexpressing TGFβ1 in skeletal muscles caused myofiber atrophy and endomysial fibrosis in mice. However, the disease severity varied significantly among individual mice. While 40% of mice developed severe muscle pathology and lost body weight within 2 weeks of TGFβ1 transgene induction in muscles, the rest showed milder or no phenotype. This study aims at determining whether signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a role in the phenotypic difference and whether it can be activated by TGFβ1 directly in muscle cells. Our results show that while total STAT3 was not differentially expressed between the two groups of mice, there was significantly higher pSTAT3 (Tyr705) in the muscles of the mice with severe phenotype. Immunohistochemistry showed that pSTAT3 (Tyr705) was localized in approximately 50% of the nuclei of the muscles. We further showed that TGFβ1 induced Tyr705 phosphorylation of STAT3 in C2C12 cells within 30 minutes of treatment while total STAT3 was not affected. Our findings suggest that TGFβ1 alone can induce Tyr705 phosphorylation of STAT3 in skeletal muscle cells and contribute to disease severity in transgenic TGFβ1 mice.
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Retamales A, Zuloaga R, Valenzuela CA, Gallardo-Escarate C, Molina A, Valdés JA. Insulin-like growth factor-1 suppresses the Myostatin signaling pathway during myogenic differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:596-602. [PMID: 26151859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Myogenic differentiation is a complex and well-coordinated process for generating mature skeletal muscle fibers. This event is autocrine/paracrine regulated by growth factors, principally Myostatin (MSTN) and Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1). Myostatin, a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth in vertebrates that exerts its inhibitory function by activating Smad transcription factors. In contrast, IGF-1 promotes the differentiation of skeletal myoblasts by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. This study reports on a novel functional crosstalk between the IGF-1 and MSTN signaling pathways, as mediated through interaction between PI3K/Akt and Smad3. Stimulation of skeletal myoblasts with MSTN resulted in a transient increase in the pSmad3:Smad3 ratio and Smad-dependent transcription. Moreover, MSTN inhibited myod gene expression and myoblast fusion in an Activin receptor-like kinase/Smad3-dependent manner. Preincubation of skeletal myoblasts with IGF-1 blocked MSTN-induced Smad3 activation, promoting myod expression and myoblast differentiation. This inhibitory effect of IGF-1 on the MSTN signaling pathway was dependent on IGF-1 receptor, PI3K, and Akt activities. Finally, immunoprecipitation assay analysis determined that IGF-1 pretreatment increased Akt and Smad3 interaction. These results demonstrate that the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt pathway may inhibit MSTN signaling during myoblast differentiation, providing new insight to existing knowledge on the complex crosstalk between both growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Retamales
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Zuloaga
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - C A Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Gallardo-Escarate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - A Molina
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - J A Valdés
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), P.O. Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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29
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Fu X, Wang H, Hu P. Stem cell activation in skeletal muscle regeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1663-77. [PMID: 25572293 PMCID: PMC4412728 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1819-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Muscle stem cell (satellite cell) activation post muscle injury is a transient and critical step in muscle regeneration. It is regulated by physiological cues, signaling molecules, and epigenetic regulatory factors. The mechanisms that coherently turn on the complex activation process shortly after trauma are just beginning to be illuminated. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge of satellite cell activation regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China
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Andrade BM, Baldanza MR, Ribeiro KC, Porto A, Peçanha R, Fortes FSA, Zapata-Sudo G, Campos-de-Carvalho AC, Goldenberg RCS, Werneck-de-Castro JP. Bone marrow mesenchymal cells improve muscle function in a skeletal muscle re-injury model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127561. [PMID: 26039243 PMCID: PMC4454438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury is the most common problem in orthopedic and sports medicine, and severe injury leads to fibrosis and muscle dysfunction. Conventional treatment for successive muscle injury is currently controversial, although new therapies, like cell therapy, seem to be promise. We developed a model of successive injuries in rat to evaluate the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMMC) injected directly into the injured muscle. Functional and histological assays were performed 14 and 28 days after the injury protocol by isometric tension recording and picrosirius/Hematoxilin & Eosin staining, respectively. We also evaluated the presence and the fate of BMMC on treated muscles; and muscle fiber regeneration. BMMC treatment increased maximal skeletal muscle contraction 14 and 28 days after muscle injury compared to non-treated group (4.5 ± 1.7 vs 2.5 ± 0.98 N/cm2, p<0.05 and 8.4 ± 2.3 vs. 5.7 ± 1.3 N/cm2, p<0.05 respectively). Furthermore, BMMC treatment increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area and the presence of mature muscle fiber 28 days after muscle injury. However, there was no difference in collagen deposition between groups. Immunoassays for cytoskeleton markers of skeletal and smooth muscle cells revealed an apparent integration of the BMMC within the muscle. These data suggest that BMMC transplantation accelerates and improves muscle function recovery in our extensive muscle re-injury model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M. Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcelo R. Baldanza
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Karla C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Anderson Porto
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ramon Peçanha
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fabio S. A. Fortes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Departamento de Farmacologia Básica e Clínica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Bloco J, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Antonio C. Campos-de-Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Regina C. S. Goldenberg
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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Wei W, Zhang WY, Bai JB, Zhang HX, Zhao YY, Li XY, Zhao SH. The NF-ҡB modulated miR-195/497 inhibit myoblast proliferation by targeting Igf1r/Insr and cyclin genes. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:39-50. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.174235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development of skeletal muscle. In our previous study, expression of miR-195 and miR-497 were shown to be up-regulated during muscle development in pigs. In this study, we investigated the roles of these two miRNAs in myogenesis and analyzed their transcriptional regulation. Our results showed that miR-195 and miR-497 were up-regulated during muscle development and myoblast differentiation. Moreover, miR-195/497 inhibited proliferation but not differentiation in C2C12 cells. Further investigation revealed that Igf1r, Insr, Ccnd2, and Ccne1 were directly targeted by miR-195/497 in myoblasts. In addition, we confirmed that similarly expressed miR-195 and miR-497 were negatively regulated by nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-ҡB) in both myoblasts and skeletal muscle tissue. Our data illustrated that the NF-ҡB-miR-195/497-Igf1r/Insr-Ccnd2/Ccne1 signaling pathway played important roles in the myogenesis. Our study provides novel evidence for the roles of miR-195/497 in muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Wei-Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jian-Bo Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hai-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xin-Yun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Shu-Hong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
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Danna NR, Beutel BG, Campbell KA, Bosco JA. Therapeutic approaches to skeletal muscle repair and healing. Sports Health 2014; 6:348-55. [PMID: 24982709 PMCID: PMC4065556 DOI: 10.1177/1941738113512261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Skeletal muscle is comprised of a highly organized network of cells, neurovascular structures, and connective tissue. Muscle injury is typically followed by a well-orchestrated healing response that consists of the following phases: inflammation, regeneration, and fibrosis. This review presents the mechanisms of action and evidence supporting the effectiveness of various traditional and novel therapies at each phase of the skeletal muscle healing process. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant published articles were identified using MEDLINE (1978-2013). Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Results: To facilitate muscle healing, surgical techniques involving direct suture repair, as well as the implantation of innovative biologic scaffolds, have been developed. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be potentially supplanted by nitric oxide and curcumin in modulating the inflammatory pathway. Studies in muscle regeneration have identified stem cells, myogenic factors, and β-agonists capable of enhancing the regenerative capabilities of injured tissue. Furthermore, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and, more recently, myostatin and the rennin-angiotensin system have been implicated in fibrous tissue formation; several antifibrotic agents have demonstrated the ability to disrupt these systems. Conclusion: Effective repair of skeletal muscle after severe injury is unlikely to be achieved with a single intervention. For full functional recovery of muscle there is a need to control inflammation, stimulate regeneration, and limit fibrosis. Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT): B
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie R Danna
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Bryan G Beutel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kirk A Campbell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Joseph A Bosco
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, New York
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Dong Y, Silva KAS, Dong Y, Zhang L. Glucocorticoids increase adipocytes in muscle by affecting IL-4 regulated FAP activity. FASEB J 2014; 28:4123-32. [PMID: 24948596 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-254011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An increase in intramuscular adipocyte tissue (IMAT) is associated with glucose dysregulation, decreased muscle strength, and increased risk of disability. Unfortunately, the mechanisms stimulating intramuscular adipogenesis remain unclear. We found that dexamethasone (Dex) administration to mice with injured muscles stimulates the accumulation of IMAT. To identify precursors of these adipocytes, we isolated satellite cells and fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) from muscle; satellite cells did not differentiate into adipocytes even following Dex treatment. In contrast, Dex stimulated FAP differentiation into adipocytes. In vivo, we transplanted purified FAPs from transgenic, EGFP mice into the injured muscles of C57/BL6 mice and found that Dex administration stimulated adipogenesis from FAP-EGFP. The increase in adipogenesis depended on Dex-induced inhibition of interleukin-4 (IL-4). In the injured muscle of IL-4-knockout mice, the levels of adipocytes were increased, while in the injured muscles of Dex-treated mice with IL-4 injections, adipogenesis was suppressed. In cultured FAPs, IL-4 inhibited Dex-induced conversion of FAPs into adipocytes; this did not occur in FAPs expressing knockdown of the IL-4 receptor. Thus, we concluded that glucocorticoids stimulate FAPs to differentiate into adipocytes in injured muscles. This process is blocked by IL-4, suggesting that interfering with IL-4 signaling could prevent adipogenesis in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Dong
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung, and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China; and
| | - Kleiton Augusto Santos Silva
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yanlan Dong
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liping Zhang
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA;
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Kharraz Y, Guerra J, Pessina P, Serrano AL, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Understanding the process of fibrosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:965631. [PMID: 24877152 PMCID: PMC4024417 DOI: 10.1155/2014/965631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components during tissue healing leading to loss of its architecture and function. Fibrotic diseases are often associated with chronic pathologies and occur in a large variety of vital organs and tissues, including skeletal muscle. In human muscle, fibrosis is most readily associated with the severe muscle wasting disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), caused by loss of dystrophin gene function. In DMD, skeletal muscle degenerates and is infiltrated by inflammatory cells and the functions of the muscle stem cells (satellite cells) become impeded and fibrogenic cells hyperproliferate and are overactivated, leading to the substitution of skeletal muscle with nonfunctional fibrotic tissue. Here, we review new developments in our understanding of the mechanisms leading to fibrosis in DMD and several recent advances towards reverting it, as potential treatments to attenuate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Kharraz
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Doctor Aiguader 83, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Guerra
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Doctor Aiguader 83, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrizia Pessina
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Doctor Aiguader 83, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio L. Serrano
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Doctor Aiguader 83, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Doctor Aiguader 83, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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