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Wu Z, Guan T, Cai D, Su G. Exposure to multiple metals in adults and diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:3251-3261. [PMID: 36227414 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01411-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most widely recognized metabolic illness with expanding morbidity among ongoing years. Its high incapacity rate and death rate badly affect individuals' quality of life. Increasing proofs backed the relationship between metal exposures with the risk of DM, but the methodological boundedness cannot clarify the complexity of the internal relationship of metal mixtures. We fitted the logistic regression model, weighted quantile sum regression model, and Bayesian kernel machine regression model to assess the relationship between the metal exposures with DM in adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2016. The metals (lead, cadmium, and copper) levels were significantly higher among diabetic compared to the healthy controls. In the logistic regression model established for each single metal, lead and manganese were associated with DM in both unadjusted and mutually adjusted models (highest vs. lowest concentration quartile). When considering all metal as a mixed exposure, we found a generally positive correlation between metal mixtures with DM (binary outcome) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (continuous outcome). Exposure to metal mixtures was associated with an increased risk of DM and elevated levels of HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wu
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Renmin Avenue, Suqian, 223899, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tong Guan
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Renmin Avenue, Suqian, 223899, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dandan Cai
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Renmin Avenue, Suqian, 223899, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Su
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 8 Renmin Avenue, Suqian, 223899, Jiangsu, China
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Gu Y, Lian X, Sun W, Gao B, Fu Y. Diabetes Mellitus induces alterations in metallothionein protein expression and metal levels in the testis and liver. J Int Med Res 2017; 46:185-194. [PMID: 28760087 PMCID: PMC6011322 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517708923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of diabetes with and without vitamin E treatment on testicular metallothionein (MT) and metal (zinc, copper and iron) changes. Methods Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of streptozotocin in rats, and diabetic rats were given Vitamin E by i.p. every other day for 4 weeks. MT protein was measured by the cadmium-haeme assay and metal levels were detected by an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results Diabetes did not change testicular MT protein, but significantly increased hepatic MT protein. Diabetes significantly decreased testicular copper, but not hepatic copper. Zinc and iron levels were unchanged in both diabetic testis and liver. Vitamin E significantly enhanced both testicular and hepatic MT, and zinc levels in diabetic rats. Vitamin E slightly decreased the copper levels, but did not change the testicular and hepatic iron in diabetic rats. Conclusions Testicular MT protein expression was not increased, even though hepatic MT significantly increased independent of metal changes, in diabetic rats. Vitamin E enhanced testicular and hepatic MT, which correlated with increased zinc levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Gu
- 1 Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Lian
- 1 Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixia Sun
- 2 Department of Nephrology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baoshan Gao
- 1 Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaowen Fu
- 1 Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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3
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Zhang S, Liu H, Amarsingh GV, Cheung CCH, Hogl S, Narayanan U, Zhang L, McHarg S, Xu J, Gong D, Kennedy J, Barry B, Choong YS, Phillips ARJ, Cooper GJS. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is associated with defective myocellular copper regulation and both defects are rectified by divalent copper chelation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:100. [PMID: 24927960 PMCID: PMC4070334 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart disease is the leading cause of death in diabetic patients, and defective copper metabolism may play important roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). The present study sought to determine how myocardial copper status and key copper-proteins might become impaired by diabetes, and how they respond to treatment with the Cu (II)-selective chelator triethylenetetramine (TETA) in DCM. METHODS Experiments were performed in Wistar rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes with or without TETA treatment. Cardiac function was analyzed in isolated-perfused working hearts, and myocardial total copper content measured by particle-induced x-ray emission spectroscopy (PIXE) coupled with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS). Quantitative expression (mRNA and protein) and/or activity of key proteins that mediate LV-tissue-copper binding and transport, were analyzed by combined RT-qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence microscopy, and enzyme activity assays. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-tests or ANOVA and p-values of < 0.05 have been considered significant. RESULTS Left-ventricular (LV) copper levels and function were severely depressed in rats following 16-weeks' diabetes, but both were unexpectedly normalized 8-weeks after treatment with TETA was instituted. Localized myocardial copper deficiency was accompanied by decreased expression and increased polymerization of the copper-responsive transition-metal-binding metallothionein proteins (MT1/MT2), consistent with impaired anti-oxidant defences and elevated susceptibility to pro-oxidant stress. Levels of the high-affinity copper transporter-1 (CTR1) were depressed in diabetes, consistent with impaired membrane copper uptake, and were not modified by TETA which, contrastingly, renormalized myocardial copper and increased levels and cell-membrane localization of the low-affinity copper transporter-2 (CTR2). Diabetes also lowered indexes of intracellular (IC) copper delivery via the copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) to its target cuproenzyme, superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1): this pathway was rectified by TETA treatment, which normalized SOD1 activity with consequent bolstering of anti-oxidant defenses. Furthermore, diabetes depressed levels of additional intracellular copper-transporting proteins, including antioxidant-protein-1 (ATOX1) and copper-transporting-ATPase-2 (ATP7B), whereas TETA elevated copper-transporting-ATPase-1 (ATP7A). CONCLUSIONS Myocardial copper deficiency and defective cellular copper transport/trafficking are revealed as key molecular defects underlying LV impairment in diabetes, and TETA-mediated restoration of copper regulation provides a potential new class of therapeutic molecules for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoping Zhang
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hong Liu
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Greeshma V Amarsingh
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carlos C H Cheung
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sebastian Hogl
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Umayal Narayanan
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lin Zhang
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Selina McHarg
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and the Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Jingshu Xu
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Deming Gong
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - John Kennedy
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Gracefield, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Bernard Barry
- National Isotope Centre, GNS Science, Gracefield, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Yee Soon Choong
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anthony R J Phillips
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Garth J S Cooper
- The School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Centre for Advanced Discovery and Experimental Therapeutics, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, and the Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Zinc homeostasis in the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Front Med 2013; 7:31-52. [PMID: 23385610 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-013-0251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential mineral that is required for various cellular functions. Zn dyshomeostasis always is related to certain disorders such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes and diabetic complications. The associations of Zn with metabolic syndrome, diabetes and diabetic complications, thus, stem from the multiple roles of Zn: (1) a constructive component of many important enzymes or proteins, (2) a requirement for insulin storage and secretion, (3) a direct or indirect antioxidant action, and (4) an insulin-like action. However, whether there is a clear cause-and-effect relationship of Zn with metabolic syndrome, diabetes, or diabetic complications remains unclear. In fact, it is known that Zn deficiency is a common phenomenon in diabetic patients. Chronic low intake of Zn was associated with the increased risk of diabetes and diabetes also impairs Zn metabolism. Theoretically Zn supplementation should prevent the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetic complications; however, limited available data are not always supportive of the above notion. Therefore, this review has tried to summarize these pieces of available information, possible mechanisms by which Zn prevents the metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and diabetic complications. In the final part, what are the current issues for Zn supplementation were also discussed.
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Pretreatment hepatoprotective effect of the marine fungus derived from sponge on hepatic toxicity induced by heavy metals in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:510879. [PMID: 23484129 PMCID: PMC3581279 DOI: 10.1155/2013/510879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the pretreatment hepatoprotective effect of the extract of marine-derived fungus Trichurus spiralis Hasselbr (TS) isolated from Hippospongia communis sponge on hepatotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (n = 7). Group I served as −ve control, group II served as the induced group receiving subcutaneously for seven days 0.25 mg heavy metal mixtures, group III received (i.p.) TS extract of dose 40 mg for seven days, and group IV served as the protected group pretreated with TS extract for seven days as a protection dose, and then treated with the heavy metal-mixture. The main pathological changes within the liver after heavy-metal mixtures administrations marked hepatic damage evidenced by foci of lobular necrosis with neutrophilic infiltration, adjacent to dysplastic hepatocytes. ALT and AST measurements show a significant increase in group II by 46.20% and 45.12%, respectively. Total protein, elevated by about 38.9% in induction group compared to the −ve control group, in contrast to albumin, decreased as a consequence of metal administration with significant elevation on bilirubin level. The results prove that TS extract possesses a hepatoprotective property due to its proven antioxidant and free-radical scavenging properties.
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Apostolova MD, Chen S, Chakrabarti S, Cherian MG. High-glucose-induced metallothionein expression in endothelial cells: an endothelin-mediated mechanism. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2001; 281:C899-907. [PMID: 11502567 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.3.c899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress and must be protected by physiological responses. In diabetes mellitus, endothelial cell permeability is impaired and may be increased by high extracellular glucose concentrations. It has been postulated that metallothionein (MT) can protect endothelial cells from oxidative stress with its increased expression by cytokines, thrombin, and endothelin (ET)-1. In this study, we demonstrate that high glucose concentration can induce MT expression in endothelial cells through a distinct ET-dependent pathway. Exposure of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to increasing concentrations of glucose resulted in a rapid dose-dependent increase in MT-2 and ET-1 mRNA expression. MT expression may be further augmented with addition of ET-1. Preincubation of the cells with the specific ET(B) antagonist BQ-788 blocked MT-2 mRNA expression more effectively than the ET(A) inhibitor TBC-11251. High glucose also increased immunoreactive MT protein expression and induced translocation of MT into the perinuclear area. Perinuclear localization of MT was related to high-glucose-induced reorganization of F-actin filaments. These results demonstrate that an increase in extracellular glucose in HUVEC can lead to a rapid dose-dependent increase in MT-2 mRNA expression and to perinuclear localization of MT protein with changes to the cytoskeleton. These effects are mediated via the ET receptor-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Apostolova
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1
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Tuitoek P, Lakey J, Rajotte R, Ziari S, Tsin A, Basu T. Effect of Insulin Treatment or Zinc Supplementation on Vitamin A Status in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 1995; 19:165-173. [PMID: 25635160 PMCID: PMC4307603 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.19.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A Using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, we examined the effects of zinc supplementation and insulin treatment on the metabolic availability of vitamin A. All diabetic animals exhibited an elevated plasma glucose (>18 mmol/liter) level within 48 h of intravenous streptozotocin injection. The untreated diabetic rats exhibited a reduction in body weight gain, with a 50% increase in daily food intake. In diabetic animals treated with insulin for 4 weeks, the plasma glucose, body weight gain, and daily food intake were comparable to those of the non-diabetic controls. The plasma concentration of vitamin A was significantly reduced in the diabetic animals, whereas the hepatic content of vitamin A in them was significantly elevated. Treatment with implantable insulin resulted in both plasma and liver concentrations of vitamin A returning to the control non-diabetic levels. Dietary zinc supplementation (120 µg/g diet for 4 weeks) failed to improve the plasma concentration of vitamin A. These results suggest that the impaired metabolic availability of vitamin A in the presence of diabetes is caused by insulin deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prisca Tuitoek
- Department of Agricultural. Food and Nutritional Science
| | - Jonathan Lakey
- Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - Ray Rajotte
- Surgical-Medical Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
| | - Shahed Ziari
- Division of life Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0662, U.S.A
| | - Andrew Tsin
- Division of life Sciences, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0662, U.S.A
| | - Tapan Basu
- Department of Agricultural. Food and Nutritional Science
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Allain P, Leblondel G. Endocrine regulation of trace element homeostasis in the rat. Biol Trace Elem Res 1992; 32:187-99. [PMID: 1375055 DOI: 10.1007/bf02784603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Allain
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, C.H.U., Angers, France
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Maldonado Martín A, Gil Extremera B, Fernández Soto M, Ruiz Martínez M, González Jiménez A, Guijarro Morales A, de Dios Luna del Castillo J. Zinc levels after intravenous administration of zinc sulphate in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1991; 69:640-4. [PMID: 1749202 DOI: 10.1007/bf01649424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients commonly have increased urinary excretion of zinc, although blood concentrations may be normal, lowered, or raised. We analyzed zinc levels in plasma and urine after an intravenous overload of zinc sulphate (8 mg) in 22 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 22 healthy individuals. No significant differences were found in basal levels of serum zinc in either group (111 +/- 29 micrograms/dl in IDDM vs 119 +/- 19 micrograms/dl in controls), although urinary excretion of zinc was significantly raised in diabetics (1396 +/- 622 micrograms/24 h) versus controls (611 +/- 235 micrograms/24 h). After zinc overload, both serum and urinary levels of this element varied between the two groups. Serum zinc in IDDM patients initially increased more markedly, and subsequently showed a more significant decline, than in controls. Urinary zinc levels in IDDM patients, in contrast to control values, showed no increase after overload. These alterations in serum and urinary zinc concentrations suggest that our diabetic patients may be zinc-deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maldonado Martín
- Internal Medicine Service, Universitary Hospital, University of Granada, Spain
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis can be divided into two syndromes, one a potassium deficiency, the other an inappropriate copper requirement seriously affecting the elastin tissues through reduced lysyl oxidase cross linking. The malfunction in copper may arise from the steroids which regulate potassium, which reduces those steroids, and through that, increases the copper response to the needs of the immune system. It is a mechanism which may have evolved to help fight potassium wasting infections.
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