1
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Liang EY, Huang MH, Chen YT, Zhang PW, Shen Y, Tu XX, Chen WY, Wang Y, Yan J, Wang HY, Ke PF, Huang XZ. Tanshinone IIA modulates cancer cell morphology and movement via Rho GTPases-mediated actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116839. [PMID: 38290667 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Actin filaments form unique structures with robust actin bundles and cytoskeletal networks affixed to the extracellular matrix and interact with neighboring cells, which are crucial structures for cancer cells to acquire a motile phenotype. This study aims to investigate a novel antitumor mechanism by which Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) modulates the morphology and migration of liver cancer cells via actin cytoskeleton regulation. 97H and Huh7 exhibited numerous tentacle-like protrusions that interacted with neighboring cells. Following treatment with Tan IIA, 97H and Huh7 showed a complete absence of cytoplasmic protrusion and adherens junctions, thereby effectively impeding their migration capability. The fluorescence staining of F-actin and microtubules indicated that these tentacle-like protrusions and cell-cell networks were actin-based structures that led to morphological changes after Tan IIA treatment by retracting and reorganizing beneath the membrane. Tan IIA can reverse the actin depolymerization and cell morphology alterations induced by latrunculin A. Tan IIA down-regulated actin and Rho GTPases expression significantly, as opposed to inducing Rho signaling activation. Preventing the activity of proteasomes and lysosomes had no discernible impact on the modifications in cellular structure and protein expression induced by Tan IIA. However, as demonstrated by the puromycin labeling technique, the newly synthesized proteins were significantly inhibited by Tan IIA. In conclusion, Tan IIA can induce dramatic actin cytoskeleton remodeling by inhibiting the protein synthesis of actin and Rho GTPases, resulting in the suppression of tumor growth and migration. Targeting the actin cytoskeleton of Tan IIA is a promising strategy for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Yu Liang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-He Huang
- Affiliated Guangdong Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Nanhai, China
| | - Ying-Ting Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Wei Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Tu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ye Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yu Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine and Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Feng Ke
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Zhang Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Bitard J, Grellier EK, Lourdel S, Filipe HP, Hamon A, Fenaille F, Castelli FA, Chu-Van E, Roger JE, Locker M, Perron M. Uveitic glaucoma-like features in Yap conditional knockout mice. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:48. [PMID: 38272861 PMCID: PMC10811226 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive and irreversible degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells. Despite medical advances aiming at slowing degeneration, around 40% of treated glaucomatous patients will undergo vision loss. It is thus of utmost importance to have a better understanding of the disease and to investigate more deeply its early causes. The transcriptional coactivator YAP, an important regulator of eye homeostasis, has recently drawn attention in the glaucoma research field. Here we show that Yap conditional knockout mice (Yap cKO), in which the deletion of Yap is induced in both Müller glia (i.e. the only retinal YAP-expressing cells) and the non-pigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary body, exhibit a breakdown of the aqueous-blood barrier, accompanied by a progressive collapse of the ciliary body. A similar phenotype is observed in human samples that we obtained from patients presenting with uveitis. In addition, aged Yap cKO mice harbor glaucoma-like features, including deregulation of key homeostatic Müller-derived proteins, retinal vascular defects, optic nerve degeneration and retinal ganglion cell death. Finally, transcriptomic analysis of Yap cKO retinas pointed to early-deregulated genes involved in extracellular matrix organization potentially underlying the onset and/or progression of the observed phenotype. Together, our findings reveal the essential role of YAP in preserving the integrity of the ciliary body and retinal ganglion cells, thereby preventing the onset of uveitic glaucoma-like features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Bitard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France.
| | - Elodie-Kim Grellier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Sophie Lourdel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Helena Prior Filipe
- West Lisbon Hospitals Center, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Annaïg Hamon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Florence Anne Castelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emeline Chu-Van
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jérôme E Roger
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Morgane Locker
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Muriel Perron
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France.
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Nguyen LTS, Jacob MAC, Parajón E, Robinson DN. Cancer as a biophysical disease: Targeting the mechanical-adaptability program. Biophys J 2022; 121:3573-3585. [PMID: 35505610 PMCID: PMC9617128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
With the number of cancer cases projected to significantly increase over time, researchers are currently exploring "nontraditional" research fields in the pursuit of novel therapeutics. One emerging area that is steadily gathering interest revolves around cellular mechanical machinery. When looking broadly at the physical properties of cancer, it has been debated whether a cancer could be defined as either stiffer or softer across cancer types. With numerous articles supporting both sides, the evidence instead suggests that cancer is not particularly regimented. Instead, cancer is highly adaptable, allowing it to endure the constantly changing microenvironments cancer cells encounter, such as tumor compression and the shear forces in the vascular system and body. What allows cancer cells to achieve this adaptability are the particular proteins that make up the mechanical network, leading to a particular mechanical program of the cancer cell. Coincidentally, some of these proteins, such as myosin II, α-actinins, filamins, and actin, have either altered expression in cancer and/or some type of direct involvement in cancer progression. For this reason, targeting the mechanical system as a therapeutic strategy may lead to more efficacious treatments in the future. However, targeting the mechanical program is far from trivial. As involved as the mechanical program is in cancer development and metastasis, it also helps drive many other key cellular processes, such as cell division, cell adhesion, metabolism, and motility. Therefore, anti-cancer treatments targeting the mechanical program must take great care to avoid potential side effects. Here, we introduce the potential of targeting the mechanical program while also providing its challenges and shortcomings as a strategy for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ly T S Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mark Allan C Jacob
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eleana Parajón
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Russell JO, Camargo FD. Hippo signalling in the liver: role in development, regeneration and disease. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 19:297-312. [PMID: 35064256 PMCID: PMC9199961 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-021-00571-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway has emerged as a major player in many aspects of liver biology, such as development, cell fate determination, homeostatic function and regeneration from injury. The regulation of Hippo signalling is complex, with activation of the pathway by diverse upstream inputs including signals from cellular adhesion, mechanotransduction and crosstalk with other signalling pathways. Pathological activation of the downstream transcriptional co-activators yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ, encoded by WWTR1), which are negatively regulated by Hippo signalling, has been implicated in multiple aspects of chronic liver disease, such as the development of liver fibrosis and tumorigenesis. Thus, development of pharmacological inhibitors of YAP-TAZ signalling has been an area of great interest. In this Review, we summarize the diverse roles of Hippo signalling in liver biology and highlight areas where outstanding questions remain to be investigated. Greater understanding of the mechanisms of Hippo signalling in liver function should help facilitate the development of novel therapies for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn O Russell
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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5
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YAP-Dependent Induction of CD47-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles Inhibits Dendritic Cell Activation and Ameliorates Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6617345. [PMID: 34239692 PMCID: PMC8241504 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6617345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is the most common cause of liver damage leading to surgical failures in hepatectomy and liver transplantation. Extensive inflammatory reactions and oxidative responses are reported to be the major processes exacerbating IRI. The involvement of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in either process has been suggested, but the role and mechanism of YAP in IRI remain unclear. In this study, we constructed hepatocyte-specific YAP knockout (YAP-HKO) mice and induced a hepatic IRI model. Surprisingly, the amount of serum EVs decreased in YAP-HKO compared to WT mice during hepatic IRI. Then, we found that the activation of YAP increased EV secretion through F-actin by increasing membrane formation, while inhibiting the fusion of multivesicular body (MVB) and lysosomes in hepatocytes. Further, to explore the essential elements of YAP-induced EVs, we applied mass spectrometry and noticed CD47 was among the top targets highly expressed on hepatocyte-derived EVs. Thus, we enriched CD47+ EVs by microbeads and applied the isolated CD47+ EVs on IRI mice. We found ameliorated IRI symptoms after CD47+ EV treatment in these mice, and CD47+ EVs bound to CD172α on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs), which inhibited DC activation and the cascade of inflammatory responses. Our data showed that CD47-enriched EVs were released in a YAP-dependent manner by hepatocytes, which could inhibit DC activation and contribute to the amelioration of hepatic IRI. CD47+ EVs could be a potential strategy for treating hepatic IRI.
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Zhuang Q, Li F, Liu J, Wang H, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Wang F, Zhao Z, Chen J, Wu H. Nuclear exclusion of YAP exacerbates podocyte apoptosis and disease progression in Adriamycin-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. J Transl Med 2021; 101:258-270. [PMID: 33203894 PMCID: PMC7815513 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a chronic glomerular disease with poor clinical outcomes. Podocyte loss via apoptosis is one important mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of FSGS. Recently, Yes-associated-protein (YAP), a key downstream protein in the Hippo pathway, was identified as an activator for multiple gene transcriptional factors in the nucleus to control cell proliferation and apoptosis. To investigate the potential role of YAP in the progression of FSGS, we examined kidney samples from patients with minimal change disease or FSGS and found that increases in podocyte apoptosis is positively correlated with the cytoplasmic distribution of YAP in human FSGS. Utilizing an established mT/mG transgenic mouse model and primary cultured podocytes, we found that YAP was distributed uniformly in nucleus and cytoplasm in the podocytes of control animals. Adriamycin treatment induced gradual nuclear exclusion of YAP with enhanced phospho-YAP/YAP ratio, accompanied by the induction of podocyte apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we used verteporfin to treat an Adriamycin-induced FSGS mouse model, and found YAP inhibition by verteporfin induced nuclear exclusion of YAP, thus increasing podocyte apoptosis and accelerating disease progression. Therefore, our findings suggest that YAP nuclear distribution and activation in podocytes is an important endogenous anti-apoptotic mechanism during the progression of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Zhuang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Tian
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchun Chen
- Division of Nephrology in Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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7
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Kabigting JET, Toyama Y. Interplay between caspase, Yes-associated protein, and mechanics: A possible switch between life and death? Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 67:141-146. [PMID: 33189987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Organism development requires fine-tuning of the cell number by apoptosis and cell division, as well as proper cell fate specification. These processes are achieved through the integration of intracellular signals and intercellular interactions with neighboring cells as well as the extracellular environment. Apoptosis, a form of cell death typically associated with development and homeostasis, is mainly regulated by the caspase family of proteases. Although caspases are known to initiate and execute apoptosis, it is also known that low caspase levels have a broad spectrum of nonapoptotic functions, including differentiation and organ growth. These different roles of caspases raise intriguing questions: how are caspase levels regulated and what defines the balance between life and death? In this review, we focus on some recent findings that highlight how nonlethal levels of caspase activity, transcriptional coregulator Yes-associated protein (YAP), and mechanical factors influence each other in determining cell fate. We further discuss a possibility that the mechanical signals encountered by cells could regulate the level of caspase activity by mechanics through YAP and, in turn, how this determines whether a cell is susceptible or resistant to undergoing apoptosis in response to cell death stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yusuke Toyama
- Mechanobiology Institute, Level 5, T-lab Building, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543.
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8
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Parajón E, Surcel A, Robinson DN. The mechanobiome: a goldmine for cancer therapeutics. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 320:C306-C323. [PMID: 33175572 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00409.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is dependent on heightened mechanical adaptation, both for the cells' ability to change shape and to interact with varying mechanical environments. This type of adaptation is dependent on mechanoresponsive proteins that sense and respond to mechanical stress, as well as their regulators. Mechanoresponsive proteins are part of the mechanobiome, which is the larger network that constitutes the cell's mechanical systems that are also highly integrated with many other cellular systems, such as gene expression, metabolism, and signaling. Despite the altered expression patterns of key mechanobiome proteins across many different cancer types, pharmaceutical targeting of these proteins has been overlooked. Here, we review the biochemistry of key mechanoresponsive proteins, specifically nonmuscle myosin II, α-actinins, and filamins, as well as the partnering proteins 14-3-3 and CLP36. We also examined a wide range of data sets to assess how gene and protein expression levels of these proteins are altered across many different cancer types. Finally, we determined the potential of targeting these proteins to mitigate invasion or metastasis and suggest that the mechanobiome is a goldmine of opportunity for anticancer drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleana Parajón
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Surcel
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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9
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Zhao W, Wang M, Cai M, Zhang C, Qiu Y, Wang X, Zhang T, Zhou H, Wang J, Zhao W, Shao R. Transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ: Potential therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 133:110956. [PMID: 33189066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Although routine and targeted therapies have improved the survival rate, there are still considerable challenges in the treatment of breast cancer. Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and/or PDZ binding motif (TAZ) are usually abnormally activated in breast cancer leading to a variety of effects on tumour promotion, such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell production and drug-resistance. The abnormal activation of YAP/TAZ can affect metastasis-related processes and promote cancer progression and metastasis by interacting with some metastasis-related factors and pathways. In this article, we summarise the evidence that YAP/TAZ regulates breast cancer metastasis, its post-translational modification mechanisms, and the latest advances in the treatment of YAP/TAZ-related breast cancer metastasis, besides providing a new strategy of YAP/TAZ-based treatment of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Mengyan Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Meilian Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Conghui Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yuhan Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Tianshu Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Huimin Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Junxia Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Wuli Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Rongguang Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibiotic Bioengineering, Laboratory of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100050, China.
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10
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DeAngelis MW, McGhie EW, Coolon JD, Johnson RI. Mask, a component of the Hippo pathway, is required for Drosophila eye morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2020; 464:53-70. [PMID: 32464117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hippo signaling is an important regulator of tissue size, but it also has a lesser-known role in tissue morphogenesis. Here we use the Drosophila pupal eye to explore the role of the Hippo effector Yki and its cofactor Mask in morphogenesis. We found that Mask is required for the correct distribution and accumulation of adherens junctions and appropriate organization of the cytoskeleton. Accordingly, disrupting mask expression led to severe mis-patterning and similar defects were observed when yki was reduced or in response to ectopic wts. Further, the patterning defects generated by reducing mask expression were modified by Hippo pathway activity. RNA-sequencing revealed a requirement for Mask for appropriate expression of numerous genes during eye morphogenesis. These included genes implicated in cell adhesion and cytoskeletal organization, a comprehensive set of genes that promote cell survival, and numerous signal transduction genes. To validate our transcriptome analyses, we then considered two loci that were modified by Mask activity: FER and Vinc, which have established roles in regulating adhesion. Modulating the expression of either locus modified mask mis-patterning and adhesion phenotypes. Further, expression of FER and Vinc was modified by Yki. It is well-established that the Hippo pathway is responsive to changes in cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton, but our data indicate that Hippo signaling also regulates these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles W DeAngelis
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Emily W McGhie
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Joseph D Coolon
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
| | - Ruth I Johnson
- Wesleyan University Department of Biology, Middletown CT, 06457, USA.
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11
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Li X, Wang J. Mechanical tumor microenvironment and transduction: cytoskeleton mediates cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2014-2028. [PMID: 32549750 PMCID: PMC7294938 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.44943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complicated, multistep process that is responsible for over 90% of cancer-related death. Metastatic disease or the movement of cancer cells from one site to another requires dramatic remodeling of the cytoskeleton. The regulation of cancer cell migration is determined not only by biochemical factors in the microenvironment but also by the biomechanical contextual information provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM). The responses of the cytoskeleton to chemical signals are well characterized and understood. However, the mechanisms of response to mechanical signals in the form of externally applied force and forces generated by the ECM are still poorly understood. Furthermore, understanding the way cellular mechanosensors interact with the physical properties of the microenvironment and transmit the signals to activate the cytoskeletal movements may help identify an effective strategy for the treatment of cancer. Here, we will discuss the role of tumor microenvironment during cancer metastasis and how physical forces remodel the cytoskeleton through mechanosensing and transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Female Pelvic Floor Disorders Diseases, Beijing, 100044, China
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12
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Guan R, Wang J, Li D, Li Z, Liu H, Ding M, Cai Z, Liang X, Yang Q, Long Z, Chen L, Liu W, Sun D, Yao H, Lu W. Hydrogen sulfide inhibits cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and injury in alveolar epithelial cells by suppressing PHD2/HIF-1α/MAPK signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 81:105979. [PMID: 31771816 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary fibrosis (COPD) is a chronic and fatal lung disease with few treatment options. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a donor of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), was found to alleviate cigarette smoke (CS)-induced emphysema in mice, however, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been clarified. In this study, we investigated its effects on COPD in a CS-induced mouse model in vivo and in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-stimulated alveolar epithelial A549 cells in vitro. The results showed that NaHS not only relieved emphysema, but also improved pulmonary function in CS-exposed mice. NaHS significantly increased the expressions of tight junction proteins (i.e., ZO-1, Occludin and claudin-1), and reduced apoptosis and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) in CS-exposed mouse lungs and CSE-incubated A549 cells, indicating H2S inhibits CS-induced inflammation, injury and apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. NaHS also upregulated prolyl hydroxylase (PHD)2, and suppressed hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression in vivo and in vitro, suggesting H2S inhibits CS-induced activation of PHD2/HIF-1α axis. Moreover, NaHS inhibited CS-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and p38 MAPK in vivo and in vitro, and treatment with their inhibitors reversed CSE-induced ZO-1 expression and inflammation in A549 cells. These results suggest that NaHS may prevent emphysema via the suppression of PHD2/HIF-1α/MAPK signaling pathway, and subsequently inhibition of inflammation, epithelial cell injury and apoptosis, and may be a novel strategy for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Defu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hanwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingjing Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhou Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Long
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Dejun Sun
- Departments of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Hongwei Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wenju Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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13
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TAZ target gene ITGAV regulates invasion and feeds back positively on YAP and TAZ in liver cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2020; 473:164-175. [PMID: 31904487 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ/WWTR1) support tumor initiation and progression in various cancer entities including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, to which extent YAP and TAZ contribute to liver tumorigenesis via common and exclusive molecular mechanisms is poorly understood. RNAinterference (RNAi) experiments illustrate that YAP and TAZ individually support HCC cell viability and migration, while for invasion additive effects were observed. Comprehensive expression profiling revealed partly overlapping YAP/TAZ target genes as well as exclusively regulated genes. Integrin-αV (ITGAV) is a novel TAZ-specific target gene, whose overexpression in human HCC patients correlates with poor clinical outcome, TAZ expression in HCCs, and the abundance of YAP/TAZ target genes. Functionally, ITGAV contributes to actin stress fiber assembly, tumor cell migration and invasion. Perturbation of ITGAV diminishes actin fiber formation and nuclear YAP/TAZ protein levels. We describe a novel Hippo downstream mechanism in HCC cells, which is regulated by TAZ and ITGAV and that feedbacks on YAP/TAZ activity. This mechanism may represent a therapeutic target structure since it contributes to signal amplification of oncogenic YAP/TAZ in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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14
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Surcel A, Schiffhauer ES, Thomas DG, Zhu Q, DiNapoli KT, Herbig M, Otto O, West-Foyle H, Jacobi A, Kräter M, Plak K, Guck J, Jaffee EM, Iglesias PA, Anders RA, Robinson DN. Targeting Mechanoresponsive Proteins in Pancreatic Cancer: 4-Hydroxyacetophenone Blocks Dissemination and Invasion by Activating MYH14. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4665-4678. [PMID: 31358530 PMCID: PMC6744980 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is complex, involving multiple genetic, epigenetic, biochemical, and physical changes in the cancer cell and its microenvironment. Cells with metastatic potential are often characterized by altered cellular contractility and deformability, lending them the flexibility to disseminate and navigate through different microenvironments. We demonstrate that mechanoresponsiveness is a hallmark of pancreatic cancer cells. Key mechanoresponsive proteins, those that accumulate in response to mechanical stress, specifically nonmuscle myosin IIA (MYH9) and IIC (MYH14), α-actinin 4, and filamin B, were highly expressed in pancreatic cancer as compared with healthy ductal epithelia. Their less responsive sister paralogs-myosin IIB (MYH10), α-actinin 1, and filamin A-had lower expression differential or disappeared with cancer progression. We demonstrate that proteins whose cellular contributions are often overlooked because of their low abundance can have profound impact on cell architecture, behavior, and mechanics. Here, the low abundant protein MYH14 promoted metastatic behavior and could be exploited with 4-hydroxyacetophenone (4-HAP), which increased MYH14 assembly, stiffening cells. As a result, 4-HAP decreased dissemination, induced cortical actin belts in spheroids, and slowed retrograde actin flow. 4-HAP also reduced liver metastases in human pancreatic cancer-bearing nude mice. Thus, increasing MYH14 assembly overwhelms the ability of cells to polarize and invade, suggesting targeting the mechanoresponsive proteins of the actin cytoskeleton as a new strategy to improve the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that mechanoresponsive proteins become upregulated with pancreatic cancer progression and that this system of proteins can be pharmacologically targeted to inhibit the metastatic potential of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Surcel
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Eric S Schiffhauer
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Dustin G Thomas
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qingfeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathleen T DiNapoli
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Maik Herbig
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver Otto
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hoku West-Foyle
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Angela Jacobi
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Kräter
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Plak
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elizabeth M Jaffee
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Skip Viragh Pancreatic Cancer Center, and the Bloomberg Kimmel Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pablo A Iglesias
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert A Anders
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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15
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Kothari P, Johnson C, Sandone C, Iglesias PA, Robinson DN. How the mechanobiome drives cell behavior, viewed through the lens of control theory. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs234476. [PMID: 31477578 PMCID: PMC6771144 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.234476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells have evolved sophisticated systems that integrate internal and external inputs to coordinate cell shape changes during processes, such as development, cell identity determination, and cell and tissue homeostasis. Cellular shape-change events are driven by the mechanobiome, the network of macromolecules that allows cells to generate, sense and respond to externally imposed and internally generated forces. Together, these components build the cellular contractility network, which is governed by a control system. Proteins, such as non-muscle myosin II, function as both sensors and actuators, which then link to scaffolding proteins, transcription factors and metabolic proteins to create feedback loops that generate the foundational mechanical properties of the cell and modulate cellular behaviors. In this Review, we highlight proteins that establish and maintain the setpoint, or baseline, for the control system and explore the feedback loops that integrate different cellular processes with cell mechanics. Uncovering the genetic, biophysical and biochemical interactions between these molecular components allows us to apply concepts from control theory to provide a systems-level understanding of cellular processes. Importantly, the actomyosin network has emerged as more than simply a 'downstream' effector of linear signaling pathways. Instead, it is also a significant driver of cellular processes traditionally considered to be 'upstream'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kothari
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Cecilia Johnson
- Art as Applied to Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, M 21205, USA
| | - Corinne Sandone
- Art as Applied to Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, M 21205, USA
| | - Pablo A Iglesias
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Departments of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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16
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17
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Kothari P, Srivastava V, Aggarwal V, Tchernyshyov I, Van Eyk JE, Ha T, Robinson DN. Contractility kits promote assembly of the mechanoresponsive cytoskeletal network. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.226704. [PMID: 30559246 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.226704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular contractility is governed by a control system of proteins that integrates internal and external cues to drive diverse shape change processes. This contractility controller includes myosin II motors, actin crosslinkers and protein scaffolds, which exhibit robust and cooperative mechanoaccumulation. However, the biochemical interactions and feedback mechanisms that drive the controller remain unknown. Here, we use a proteomics approach to identify direct interactors of two key nodes of the contractility controller in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum: the actin crosslinker cortexillin I and the scaffolding protein IQGAP2. We highlight several unexpected proteins that suggest feedback from metabolic and RNA-binding proteins on the contractility controller. Quantitative in vivo biochemical measurements reveal direct interactions between myosin II and cortexillin I, which form the core mechanosensor. Furthermore, IQGAP1 negatively regulates mechanoresponsiveness by competing with IQGAP2 for binding the myosin II-cortexillin I complex. These myosin II-cortexillin I-IQGAP2 complexes are pre-assembled into higher-order mechanoresponsive contractility kits (MCKs) that are poised to integrate into the cortex upon diffusional encounter coincident with mechanical inputs.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Kothari
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Vasudha Srivastava
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Vasudha Aggarwal
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Irina Tchernyshyov
- Department of Medicine, The Smidt Heart Institute and Advanced Clinical Biosystems Institute, Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Jennifer E Van Eyk
- Department of Medicine, The Smidt Heart Institute and Advanced Clinical Biosystems Institute, Cedar-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Taekjip Ha
- Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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18
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Mechanoregulation and pathology of YAP/TAZ via Hippo and non-Hippo mechanisms. Clin Transl Med 2018; 7:23. [PMID: 30101371 PMCID: PMC6087706 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-018-0202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) are important regulators of multiple cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. On the tissue level, YAP/TAZ are essential for embryonic development, organ size control and regeneration, while their deregulation leads to carcinogenesis or other diseases. As an underlying principle for YAP/TAZ-mediated regulation of biological functions, a growing body of research reveals that YAP/TAZ play a central role in delivering information of mechanical environments surrounding cells to the nucleus transcriptional machinery. In this review, we discuss mechanical cue-dependent regulatory mechanisms for YAP/TAZ functions, as well as their clinical significance in cancer progression and treatment.
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19
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Neto F, Klaus-Bergmann A, Ong YT, Alt S, Vion AC, Szymborska A, Carvalho JR, Hollfinger I, Bartels-Klein E, Franco CA, Potente M, Gerhardt H. YAP and TAZ regulate adherens junction dynamics and endothelial cell distribution during vascular development. eLife 2018; 7:31037. [PMID: 29400648 PMCID: PMC5814147 DOI: 10.7554/elife.31037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of blood vessel networks by sprouting angiogenesis is critical for tissue growth, homeostasis and regeneration. How endothelial cells arise in adequate numbers and arrange suitably to shape functional vascular networks is poorly understood. Here we show that YAP/TAZ promote stretch-induced proliferation and rearrangements of endothelial cells whilst preventing bleeding in developing vessels. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ increase the turnover of VE-Cadherin and the formation of junction associated intermediate lamellipodia, promoting both cell migration and barrier function maintenance. This is achieved in part by lowering BMP signalling. Consequently, the loss of YAP/TAZ in the mouse leads to stunted sprouting with local aggregation as well as scarcity of endothelial cells, branching irregularities and junction defects. Forced nuclear activity of TAZ instead drives hypersprouting and vascular hyperplasia. We propose a new model in which YAP/TAZ integrate mechanical signals with BMP signaling to maintain junctional compliance and integrity whilst balancing endothelial cell rearrangements in angiogenic vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Neto
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Biology Laboratory, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London Research Institute - Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Klaus-Bergmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yu Ting Ong
- Angiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Silvanus Alt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne-Clémence Vion
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Szymborska
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joana R Carvalho
- Vascular Morphogenesis Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Eireen Bartels-Klein
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudio A Franco
- Vascular Morphogenesis Laboratory, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Michael Potente
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Angiogenesis and Metabolism Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Holger Gerhardt
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Biology Laboratory, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, London Research Institute - Cancer Research UK, London, United Kingdom.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Vascular Patterning Laboratory, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Dawes LJ, Shelley EJ, McAvoy JW, Lovicu FJ. A role for Hippo/YAP-signaling in FGF-induced lens epithelial cell proliferation and fibre differentiation. Exp Eye Res 2018; 169:122-133. [PMID: 29355736 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate an important role for the transcriptional co-activator Yes-associated protein (YAP), and its regulatory pathway Hippo, in controlling cell growth and fate during lens development; however, the exogenous factors that promote this pathway are yet to be identified. Given that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-signaling is an established regulator of lens cell behavior, the current study investigates the relationship between this pathway and Hippo/YAP-signaling during lens cell proliferation and fibre differentiation. Rat lens epithelial explants were cultured with FGF2 to induce epithelial cell proliferation or fibre differentiation. Immunolabeling methods were used to detect the expression of Hippo-signaling components, Total and Phosphorylated YAP, as well as fibre cell markers, Prox-1 and β-crystallin. FGF-induced lens cell proliferation was associated with a strong nuclear localisation of Total-YAP and low-level immuno-staining for phosphorylated-YAP. FGF-induced lens fibre differentiation was associated with a significant increase in cytoplasmic phosphorylated YAP (inactive state) and enhanced expression of core Hippo-signaling components. Inhibition of YAP with Verteporfin suppressed FGF-induced lens cell proliferation and ablated cell elongation during lens fibre differentiation. Inhibition of either FGFR- or MEK/ERK-signaling suppressed FGF-promoted YAP nuclear translocation. Here we propose that FGF promotes Hippo/YAP-signaling during lens cell proliferation and differentiation, with FGF-induced nuclear-YAP expression playing an essential role in promoting the proliferation of lens epithelial cells. An FGF-induced switch from proliferation to differentiation, hence regulation of lens growth, may play a key role in mediating Hippo suppression of YAP transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Dawes
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - E J Shelley
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J W McAvoy
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - F J Lovicu
- Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Anatomy and Histology, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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21
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Husari A, Hülter-Hassler D, Steinberg T, Schulz SD, Tomakidi P. Disruption of adherens junction and alterations in YAP-related proliferation behavior as part of the underlying cell transformation process of alcohol-induced oral carcinogenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:209-219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Zhang C, Wang F, Xie Z, Chen L, Sinkemani A, Yu H, Wang K, Mao L, Wu X. Dysregulation of YAP by the Hippo pathway is involved in intervertebral disc degeneration, cell contact inhibition, and cell senescence. Oncotarget 2017; 9:2175-2192. [PMID: 29416763 PMCID: PMC5788631 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays important roles in wound healing, tissue repair and regeneration, and in the treatment of degenerative diseases, by regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis in mammals. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is one of the major causes of low back pain, a widespread issue associated with a heavy economic burden. However, the mechanism underlying how the Hippo pathway regulates IDD is not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that the Hippo pathway is involved in natural IDD. Activation and dephosphorylation of yes-associated protein (YAP) were observed in younger rat discs, and decreased gradually with age. Surprisingly, Hippo pathway suppression was accompanied by overexpression of YAP, caused by acute disc injury, suggesting a limited ability for self-repair in IDD. We also demonstrated that YAP is inhibited by cell-to-cell contact via the Hippo pathway in vitro. Phosphorylation by large tumor suppressor kinases 1/2 (LATS1/2) led to cytoplasmic translocation and inactivation of YAP. YAP dephosphorylation was mainly localized in the nucleus and regulated by the Hippo pathway, whereas YAP dephosphorylation occurred in the cytoplasm and was associated with nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) senescence. Moreover, NPCs were transfected with shYAP and it accelerates the premature senescence of cells by interfered Hippo pathway through YAP. Therefore, our results indicate that the Hippo pathway plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of intervertebral discs and controlling NPC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyang Xie
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Arjun Sinkemani
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haomin Yu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Mao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaotao Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Mechanosensing in liver regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 71:153-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nishida K, Brune KA, Putcha N, Mandke P, O'Neal WK, Shade D, Srivastava V, Wang M, Lam H, An SS, Drummond MB, Hansel NN, Robinson DN, Sidhaye VK. Cigarette smoke disrupts monolayer integrity by altering epithelial cell-cell adhesion and cortical tension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28642260 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00074.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Cigarette smoke (CS) drives disease development and progression. The epithelial barrier is damaged by CS with increased monolayer permeability. However, the molecular changes that cause this barrier disruption and the interaction between adhesion proteins and the cytoskeleton are not well defined. We hypothesized that CS alters monolayer integrity by increasing cell contractility and decreasing cell adhesion in epithelia. Normal human airway epithelial cells and primary COPD epithelial cells were exposed to air or CS, and changes measured in protein levels. We measured the cortical tension of individual cells and the stiffness of cells in a monolayer. We confirmed that the changes in acute and subacute in vitro smoke exposure reflect protein changes seen in cell monolayers and tissue sections from COPD patients. Epithelial cells exposed to repetitive CS and those derived from COPD patients have increased monolayer permeability. E-cadherin and β-catenin were reduced in smoke exposed cells as well as in lung tissue sections from patients with COPD. Moreover, repetitive CS caused increased tension in individual cells and cells in a monolayer, which corresponded with increased polymerized actin without changes in myosin IIA and IIB total abundance. Repetitive CS exposure impacts the adhesive intercellular junctions and the tension of epithelial cells by increased actin polymer levels, to further destabilize cell adhesion. Similar changes are seen in epithelial cells from COPD patients indicating that these findings likely contribute to COPD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Nishida
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kieran A Brune
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nirupama Putcha
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Pooja Mandke
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Wanda K O'Neal
- Marsico Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Danny Shade
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vasudha Srivastava
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Menghan Wang
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hong Lam
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven S An
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - M Bradley Drummond
- Marsico Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Venkataramana K Sidhaye
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; .,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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Tsai CR, Anderson AE, Burra S, Jo J, Galko MJ. Yorkie regulates epidermal wound healing in Drosophila larvae independently of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Dev Biol 2017; 427:61-71. [PMID: 28514643 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Yorkie (Yki), the transcriptional co-activator of the Hippo signaling pathway, has well-characterized roles in balancing apoptosis and cell division during organ growth control. Yki is also required in diverse tissue regenerative contexts. In most cases this requirement reflects its well-characterized roles in balancing apoptosis and cell division. Whether Yki has repair functions outside of the control of cell proliferation, death, and growth is not clear. Here we show that Yki and Scalloped (Sd) are required for epidermal wound closure in the Drosophila larval epidermis. Using a GFP-tagged Yki transgene we show that Yki transiently translocates to some epidermal nuclei upon wounding. Genetic analysis strongly suggests that Yki interacts with the known wound healing pathway, Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), but not with Platelet Derived Growth Factor/Vascular-Endothelial Growth Factor receptor (Pvr). Yki likely acts downstream of or parallel to JNK signaling and does not appear to regulate either proliferation or apoptosis in the larval epidermis during wound repair. Analysis of actin structures after wounding suggests that Yki and Sd promote wound closure through actin regulation. In sum, we found that Yki regulates an epithelial tissue repair process independently of its previously documented roles in balancing proliferation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ru Tsai
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Aimee E Anderson
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sirisha Burra
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juyeon Jo
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Genes and Development Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael J Galko
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Genes and Development Graduate Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX 77030, USA.
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Qiao Y, Chen J, Lim YB, Finch-Edmondson ML, Seshachalam VP, Qin L, Jiang T, Low BC, Singh H, Lim CT, Sudol M. YAP Regulates Actin Dynamics through ARHGAP29 and Promotes Metastasis. Cell Rep 2017; 19:1495-1502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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27
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Patel SH, Camargo FD, Yimlamai D. Hippo Signaling in the Liver Regulates Organ Size, Cell Fate, and Carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:533-545. [PMID: 28003097 PMCID: PMC5285449 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway, also known as the Salvador-Warts-Hippo pathway, is a regulator of organ size. The pathway takes its name from the Drosophila protein kinase, Hippo (STK4/MST1 and STK3/MST2 in mammals), which, when inactivated, leads to considerable tissue overgrowth. In mammals, MST1 and MST2 negatively regulate the transcriptional co-activators yes-associated protein 1 and WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (WWTR1/TAZ), which together regulate expression of genes that control proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Yes-associated protein 1 and TAZ activation have been associated with liver development, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. How their activity is dynamically regulated in these contexts is just beginning to be elucidated. We review the mechanisms of Hippo signaling in the liver and explore outstanding questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin H Patel
- The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Fernando D Camargo
- The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Dean Yimlamai
- The Stem Cell Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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