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Silencing RNA for MMPs May Be Utilized for Cardioprotection. Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 2022:9729018. [PMID: 36082193 PMCID: PMC9433229 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9729018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is accompanied by an increase of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) activity, which degrades heart contractile proteins. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of MMP-2 small interfering RNA (MMP-2 siRNA) administration on I/R heart. Isolated rat hearts perfused by the Langendorff method were subjected to I/R in the presence or absence of MMP-2 siRNA. The hemodynamic parameters of heart function were monitored. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was measured in coronary effluents. Activity and concentration of MMPs in the hearts were measured. Concentration of troponin I (TnI) in coronary effluents was examined as a target for MMP-2 degradation. Recovery of heart mechanical function was reduced after I/R; however, administration of MMP-2 siRNA resulted in restoration of proper mechanical function (p < 0.001). LDH activity was decreased after the use of MMP-2 siRNA (p = 0.02), providing evidence for reduced cardiac damage. Both MMP-2 and MMP-9 syntheses as well as their activity were inhibited in the I/R hearts after siRNA administration (p < 0.05). MMP-2 siRNA administration inhibited TnI release into the coronary effluents (p < 0.001). The use of MMP-2 siRNA contributed to the improvement of heart mechanical function and reduction of contractile proteins degradation during I/R; therefore, MMP-2 siRNA may be considered a cardioprotective agent.
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Wang X, Gao B, Feng Y. Recent advances in inhibiting atherosclerosis and restenosis: from pathogenic factors, therapeutic agents to nano-delivery strategies. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:1685-1708. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00003b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to dominant atherosclerosis etiology, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In clinical trials, advanced atherosclerotic plaques can be removed by angioplasty and vascular...
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Wu YT, Chen L, Tan ZB, Fan HJ, Xie LP, Zhang WT, Chen HM, Li J, Liu B, Zhou YC. Luteolin Inhibits Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Migration by Inhibiting TGFBR1 Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1059. [PMID: 30298006 PMCID: PMC6160560 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration play a critical role in the development of arterial remodeling during various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and related diseases. Luteolin is a food-derived flavonoid that exerts protective effects on cardiovascular diseases. Here, we investigated whether transforming growth factor-β receptor 1 (TGFBR1) signaling underlies the inhibitory effects of luteolin on VSMC proliferation and migration. We found that luteolin reduced the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, specifically A7r5 and HASMC cells, in a dose-dependent manner, based on MTS and EdU, and Transwell and wound healing assays, respectively. We also demonstrated that it inhibited the expression of proliferation-related proteins including PCNA and Cyclin D1, as well as the migration-related proteins MMP2 and MMP9, in a dose-dependent manner by western blotting. In addition, luteolin dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3. Notably, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TGFBR1 enhanced TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3 activation in VSMCs and partially blocked the inhibitory effect of luteolin on TGFBR1, Smad2, and Smad3. Moreover, overexpression of TGFBR1 rescued the inhibitory effects of luteolin on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Additionally, molecular docking showed that this compound could dock onto an agonist binding site of TGFBR1, and that the binding energy between luteolin and TGFBR1 was -10.194 kcal/mol. Simulations of molecular dynamics showed that TGFBR1-luteolin binding was stable. Collectively, these data demonstrated that luteolin might inhibit VSMC proliferation and migration by suppressing TGFBR1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Jie Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Peng Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Tong Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Chun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Koenig O, Nothdurft D, Perle N, Neumann B, Behring A, Degenkolbe I, Walker T, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Nolte A. An Atelocollagen Coating for Efficient Local Gene Silencing by Using Small Interfering RNA. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 6:290-301. [PMID: 28325296 PMCID: PMC5363512 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, many efforts have been made to counteract adverse effects after stenting atherosclerotic coronary arteries. A breakthrough in better vascular wall regeneration was noted in the new era of drug-eluting stents. A novel personalized approach is the development of gene-eluting stents promising an alteration in gene expression involved in regeneration. We investigated a coating system consisting of the polymer atelocollagen (ATCOL) and a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) found on the surface of defective endothelial cells (ECs). We demonstrated very high cell viability, in which EA.hy926 grew on 0.008% or 0.032% ATCOL layers. Additionally, hemocompatibility assays proved the biocompatibility of this coating. The highest transfection efficiency with EA.hy926 was achieved with 5 μg siRNA immobilized in ATCOL after 2 days. The release of fluorescent-labeled siRNA was about 9 days. Long-term knockdown of ICAM-1 was analyzed by flow cytometry, revealing that the coating with 0.008% ATCOL and 5 μg siICAM-1 provoked gene silencing up to 8 days. 5′-RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR (RLM-RACE-PCR) demonstrated the specificity of our established ATCOL gene-silencing coating, meaning that our coating is well suited for further investigations in in vivo studies. Herein, we would like to demonstrate that our ATCOL is well-suited for better artery wall regeneration after stent implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Koenig
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Nothdurft
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Perle
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Neumann
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Behring
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Ilka Degenkolbe
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Walker
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Hans Peter Wendel
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany.
| | - Andrea Nolte
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, 72076 Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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Wang C, Wen J, Zhou Y, Li L, Cui X, Wang J, Pan L, Ye Z, Liu P, Wu L. Apelin induces vascular smooth muscle cells migration via a PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a/MMP-2 pathway. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 69:173-82. [PMID: 26494002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Apelin is an adipokine that has a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis, which may offer potential for therapy. Because migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key event in the development of atherosclerosis, understanding its effect on the atherosclerotic vasculature is needed. Here we investigated the effect of apelin on VSMC migration and the possible signaling mechanism. In cultured rat VSMCs, apelin dose- and time-dependently promoted VSMC migration. Apelin increased the phosphorylation of Akt, whereas LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and an Akt1/2 kinase inhibitor blocked the apelin-induced VSMC migration. Apelin dose-dependently induced phosphorylation of Forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) and promoted its translocation from the nucleus to cytoplasm, which were blocked by LY294002 and Akt1/2 kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, apelin increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) expression and gelatinolytic activity. Overexpression of a constitutively active, phosphorylation-resistant mutant, TM-FoxO3a, in VSMCs abrogated the effect of apelin on MMP-2 expression and VSMC migration. ARP101, an inhibitor of MMP-2, suppressed apelin-induced VSMC migration. Moreover, the levels of apelin, phosphorylated Akt, FoxO3a, and MMP-2 were higher in human carotid-artery atherosclerotic plaque than in adjacent normal vessels. We demonstrate that PI3K/Akt/FoxO3a signaling may be involved in apelin inducing VSMC migration. Phosphorylation of FoxO3a plays a central role in mediating the apelin-induced MMP-2 activation and VSMC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jianyan Wen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaobing Cui
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lin Pan
- Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhidong Ye
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Liling Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China.
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Lin HB, Sharma K, Bialy D, Wawrzynska M, Purves R, Cayabyab FS, Wozniak M, Sawicki G. Inhibition of MMP-2 expression affects metabolic enzyme expression levels: proteomic analysis of rat cardiomyocytes. J Proteomics 2014; 106:74-85. [PMID: 24769238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this study we examined the effect of inhibition of MMP-2 expression, using siRNA, on the cardiomyocyte proteome. Isolated cardiomyocytes were transfected with MMP-2 siRNA and incubated for 24h. Control cardiomyocytes from the same heart were transfected with scrambled siRNA following the same protocol. Comparison of control cardiomyocyte proteomes with proteomes from MMP-2 suppressed cardiomyocytes revealed 13 protein spots of interest (9 protein spots increased; 4 decreased). Seven protein spots were identified as mitochondrial enzymes involved in energy production and represent: ATP synthase beta subunit, dihydrolipoyllysine-residue succinyltransferase component of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, electron transfer flavoprotein subunit beta, NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 5 and a fragment of mitochondrial precursor of long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Furthermore, precursor of heat shock protein 60 and Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase were identified. Two protein spots corresponding to MLC1 were also detected. In addition, ATP synthase activity was measured and was increased by approximately 30%. Together, these results indicate that MMP-2 inhibition represents a novel cardioprotective therapy by promoting alterations in the levels of mitochondrial enzymes for improved energy metabolism and by preventing degradation of contractile proteins needed for normal excitation-contraction coupling. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE During ischemia and reperfusion of cardiomyocytes, abnormality in excitation-contraction coupling and decreased energy metabolism often lead to myocardial infarction, but the cellular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. We show for the first time that intracellular inhibition of MMP-2 in cardiomyocytes increases contractility of aerobically perfused myocytes, which was accompanied by increased expression of contractile proteins (e.g., MLC-1). We also showed that MMP-2 inhibition produced a cardiomyocyte proteome that is consistent with improved mitochondrial energy metabolism (e.g., increased expression and activity of mitochondrial beta ATP synthase). Thus, MMP-2 appears to be involved in homeostatic regulation of protein turnover. Our results are significant since they point to targeting MMP-2 activity as a novel therapeutic option to limit myocardial damage by decreasing proteolytic degradation of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes and myocardial contractile proteins during ischemia. In addition, the development of novel pharmacological agents that selectively targets cardiac MMP-2 represents a novel approach to treat and prevent other heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Bin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Keshav Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Dariusz Bialy
- Department and Clinic of Cardiology, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Randy Purves
- National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Francisco S Cayabyab
- Department of Physiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Mieczyslaw Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Sawicki
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
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7
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Koenig O, Walker T, Perle N, Zech A, Neumann B, Schlensak C, Wendel HP, Nolte A. New aspects of gene-silencing for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2013; 6:881-914. [PMID: 24276320 PMCID: PMC3816708 DOI: 10.3390/ph6070881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD), mainly caused by atherosclerosis, represents the single leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Besides the classical interventional therapies new applications for treatment of vascular wall pathologies are appearing on the horizon. RNA interference (RNAi) represents a novel therapeutic strategy due to sequence-specific gene-silencing through the use of small interfering RNA (siRNA). The modulation of gene expression by short RNAs provides a powerful tool to theoretically silence any disease-related or disease-promoting gene of interest. In this review we outline the RNAi mechanisms, the currently used delivery systems and their possible applications to the cardiovascular system. Especially, the optimization of the targeting and transfection procedures could enhance the efficiency of siRNA delivery drastically and might open the way to clinical applicability. The new findings of the last years may show the techniques to new innovative therapies and could probably play an important role in treating CHD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Koenig
- Clinical Research Laboratory, Dept. of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Calwerstr. 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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Sheu MJ, Lin HY, Yang YH, Chou CJ, Chien YC, Wu TS, Wu CH. Demethoxycurcumin, a major active curcuminoid from Curcuma longa
, suppresses balloon injury induced vascular smooth muscle cell migration and neointima formation: An in vitro and in vivo study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2013; 57:1586-97. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jyh Sheu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Yang
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ju Chou
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Chien
- Department of Life Science and Agricultural Biotechnology Center; National Chung Hsing University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry; National Cheng Kung University; Tainan Taiwan
- Chinese Medicinal Research and Development Center; China Medical University and Hospital; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Hsi Wu
- School of Pharmacy; China Medical University; Taichung Taiwan
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Puranik AS, Dawson ER, Peppas NA. Recent advances in drug eluting stents. Int J Pharm 2012; 441:665-79. [PMID: 23117022 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the most common medical interventions to reopen an occluded vessel is the implantation of a coronary stent. While this method of treatment is effective initially, restenosis, or the re-narrowing of the artery frequently occurs largely due to neointimal hyperplasia of smooth muscle cells. Drug eluting stents were developed in order to provide local, site-specific, controlled release of drugs that can inhibit neointima formation. By implementing a controlled release delivery system it may be possible to control the time release of the pharmacological factors and thus be able to bypass some of the critical events associated with stent hyperplasia and prevent the need for subsequent intervention. However, since the advent of first-generation drug eluting stents, long-term adverse effects have raised concerns regarding their safety. These limitations in safety and efficacy have triggered considerable research in developing biodegradable stents and more potent drug delivery systems. In this review, we shed light on the current state-of-the-art in drug eluting stents, problems related to them and highlight some of the ongoing research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey S Puranik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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10
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Yang SH, Liao PH, Pan YF, Chen SL, Chou SS, Chou MY. The novel p53-dependent metastatic and apoptotic pathway induced by vitexin in human oral cancer OC2 cells. Phytother Res 2012; 27:1154-61. [PMID: 22976055 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Vitexin, identified as apigenin-8-C-D-glucopyranoside, a natural flavonoid compound found in certain herbs such as hawthorn herb, has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic and antitumor properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible existence of p53-dependent pathway underlying vitexin-induced metastasis and apoptosis in human oral cancer cells, OC2 cells. Vitexin decreased cell viability significantly. Meanwhile, the expression of tumor suppressor p53 and a small group of its downstream genes, p21(WAF1) and Bax, were upregulated. The p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α (PFT-α) knockdown of the signaling of p53 led vitexin to lose its antitumor effect and inhibited the expression of p53 downstream genes, p2(WAF1) and Bax. Vitexin had anti-metastatic potential accompanied with increasing plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) accumulation and decreasing matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Our present study evidenced, by using p53 inhibitor PFT-α, PAI-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ are downstream genes of p53 in vitexin-induced signaling. MAPK inhibitor PD98059 decreased the OC2 cells viability significantly. The expression of p53 and its downstream genes p21(WAF1) and Bax were enhanced by blocking the activation of p42/p44 MAPK in response to treatment with vitexin. Moreover, p42/p44 MAPK played a negative role in p53-dependent metastasis and apoptosis. We give evidence for the first time that the novel p53-dependent metastatic and apoptotic pathway induced by vitexin in human oral cancer OC2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Huang Yang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Kim D, Lee D, Jang YL, Chae SY, Choi D, Jeong JH, Kim SH. Facial amphipathic deoxycholic acid-modified polyethyleneimine for efficient MMP-2 siRNA delivery in vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 81:14-23. [PMID: 22311297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 12/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Clinical applications of RNA interference-based therapeutics such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) have been limited mainly due to low intracellular delivery efficiency in vitro and in vivo. In this study, facially amphipathic deoxycholic acid (DA)-modified polyethyleneimine (PEI(1.8)) (DA-PEI(1.8)) was synthesized and used as a potent carrier system for siRNA targeted against matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) to inhibit the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which is the major pathomechanism in the development of atherosclerosis and restenosis after arterial injury. A representative facial amphipathic bile acid DA having a high membrane permeability was conjugated to the terminal amine groups of the low molecular weight PEI(1.8) via amide bonds. The DA-PEI(1.8) conjugates formed self-assembled nanoparticles with siRNA molecules in an aqueous phase and the DA-PEI(1.8)/siRNA polyplexes became stabilized and condensed as particle incubation time increased from 0 to 4h. Both cellular internalization and target gene silencing were enhanced as the DA-PEI(1.8)/siRNA polyplexes stabilized. When vascular SMCs were transfected with MMP-2 siRNA, the DA-PEI(1.8)/siRNA polyplex formulation led to a significant decrease in MMP-2 gene expression, resulting in the suppression of cell migration. These results suggest that the DA-PEI(1.8)/MMP-2 siRNA delivery system may be useful in anti-restenotic treatment for various vasculoproliferative disorders such as atherosclerosis, in-stent restenosis, and vein graft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongkyu Kim
- Severance Integrative Research Institute for Cerebral and Cardiovascular Disease, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) has become the method of choice for researchers wishing to target specific genes for silencing and has provided immense potential as therapeutic tools. This narrative review article aimed to understand potential benefits and limitations of RNAi technique for clinical application and in vivo studies through reading the articles published during the recent 3 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline database was searched by using 'siRNA' or 'RNAi' and 'in vivo' with limits of dates 'published in the last 3 years', language 'English' and article type 'clinical trial' for obtaining articles on in vivo studies on the use of RNAi technique. Characteristics of clinical trials on siRNA registered at the http://www.ClinicalTrials.gov were analysed. RESULTS The only three clinical studies published so far and many in vivo studies in animals showed that the RNAi technique is safe and effective in treatment of cancers of many organ/systems and various other diseases including viral infection, arterial restenosis and some hereditary diseases with considerable benefits such as high specificity, many possible routes of administration and possibility of silencing multiple genes at the same time. Limitations and uncertainty include efficiency of cellular uptake, specific guidance to the target tissue or cell, long-term safety, sustained efficacy and rapid clearance from the body. CONCLUSIONS RNAi technique will become an important and potent weapon for fighting against various diseases. RNAi technique has benefits and limitations in its potential clinical applications. Overcoming the obstacles is still a formidable task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Matrix metalloproteinases modulated by protein kinase Cε mediate resistin-induced migration of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. J Vasc Surg 2011; 53:1044-51. [PMID: 21277149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 10/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence showed that resistin induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, a critical step in initiating vascular restenosis. Adhesion molecule expression and cytoskeletal rearrangement have been observed in this progress. Given that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) also regulate cell migration, we hypothesized that MMPs may mediate resistin-induced VSMC migration. METHODS Human VSMCs were treated with recombinant human resistin at physiologic (10 ng/mL) and pathologic (40 ng/mL) concentrations for 24 hours. Cell migration was determined by the Boyden chamber assay. MMP and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP) mRNA and protein levels were measured with real-time PCR and ELISA. MMP enzymatic activity was measured by zymography. In another experiment, neutralizing antibodies against MMP-2 and MMP-9 were coincubated with resistin in cultured VSMCs. The regulation of MMP by protein kinase C (PKC) was determined by εV1-2, a selective PKCε inhibitor. RESULTS Resistin-induced smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration was confirmed by the Boyden chamber assay. Forty nanograms/milliliter resistin increased SMC migration by 3.7 fold. Additionally, resistin stimulated MMP-2 and -MMP9 mRNA and protein expressions. In contrast, the TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 mRNA levels were inhibited by resistin. Neutralizing antibodies against MMP-2 and MMP-9 effectively reversed VSMC migration. Furthermore, resistin activated PKCε, but selective PKCε inhibitor suppressed resistin-induced MMP expression, activity, and cell migration. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirmed that resistin increased vascular smooth muscle cell migration in vitro. In terms of mechanism, resistin-stimulated cell migration was associated with increased MMP expression, which was dependent on PKCε activation.
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Abed A, Assoul N, Ba M, Derkaoui SM, Portes P, Louedec L, Flaud P, Bataille I, Letourneur D, Meddahi-Pellé A. Influence of polysaccharide composition on the biocompatibility of pullulan/dextran-based hydrogels. J Biomed Mater Res A 2011; 96:535-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.33007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Hlawaty H, Suffee N, Sutton A, Oudar O, Haddad O, Ollivier V, Laguillier-Morizot C, Gattegno L, Letourneur D, Charnaux N. Low molecular weight fucoidan prevents intimal hyperplasia in rat injured thoracic aorta through the modulation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 81:233-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Derkaoui SM, Labbé A, Purnama A, Gueguen V, Barbaud C, Avramoglou T, Letourneur D. Films of dextran-graft-polybutylmethacrylate to enhance endothelialization of materials. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:3506-13. [PMID: 20371388 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2009] [Revised: 03/14/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesized new structures obtained from amphiphilic copolymers of dextran and polybutylmethacrylate with the aim of endothelialization of biomaterials. Grafting of butylmethacrylate onto dextran has been carried out using ceric ammonium nitrate as initiator. Three copolymers were obtained (11, 30 and 37 wt.% dextran) and homogeneous thin films were successfully prepared. In contrast to dextran, the resulting films were stable in water, and copolymers characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis showed evidence of hybrid properties between the parent homopolymers. Surfaces of films were smooth when analyzed by atomic force microscopy (roughness 2+/-1 nm) but greatly differed in their hydrophilicity by increasing the dextran content (water contact angle from 99 degrees to 57 degrees). In contrast to polybutylmethacrylate, where the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was excellent but that of endothelial cells was very low, the copolymer containing 11% of dextran was excellent for endothelial cells but very limited for VSMCs. An in vitro wound assay demonstrated that copolymer with 11% dextran is even more favorable for endothelial cell migration than tissue-culture polystyrene. Increasing the dextran content in the copolymers decreased the proliferation for both vascular cell types. Altogether, these results show that transparent and water-insoluble films made from copolymers of dextran and butylmethacrylate copolymers with an appropriate composition could enhance endothelial cell proliferation and migration. Therefore, a potential benefit of this approach is the availability of surfaces with tunable properties for the endothelialization of materials.
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San Juan A, Bala M, Hlawaty H, Portes P, Vranckx R, Feldman LJ, Letourneur D. Development of a Functionalized Polymer for Stent Coating in the Arterial Delivery of Small Interfering RNA. Biomacromolecules 2009; 10:3074-80. [DOI: 10.1021/bm900740g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie San Juan
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Madiha Bala
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Hanna Hlawaty
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Portes
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Roger Vranckx
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Laurent J. Feldman
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
| | - Didier Letourneur
- Inserm, U698, Bio-ingénierie Cardiovasculaire, Université Paris 7, Paris, France, and Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Matériaux et des Hautes Pressions (CNRS UPR 1311), Université Paris 13, Villetaneuse, France, and AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département de Cardiologie, Paris, France
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Hlawaty H, Jacob MP, Louedec L, Letourneur D, Brink C, Michel JB, Feldman L, Bäck M. Leukotriene Receptor Antagonism and the Prevention of Extracellular Matrix Degradation During Atherosclerosis and In-Stent Stenosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:518-24. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.108.181750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Hlawaty
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie-Paule Jacob
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liliane Louedec
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Didier Letourneur
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charles Brink
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jean-Baptiste Michel
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laurent Feldman
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bäck
- From the INSERM U698 (H.H., M.-P.J., L.L., D.L., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F., M.B.), University of Paris 13 (H.H., D.L.), University of Paris 7 (M.-P.J., C.B., J.-B.M., L.F.), and the Department of Cardiology (L.F., M.B.), Bichat Hospital, Paris, France; and the Center for Molecular Medicine (M.B.), Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hlawaty H, San Juan A, Jacob MP, Vranckx R, Letourneur D, Feldman LJ. Local matrix metalloproteinase 2 gene knockdown in balloon-injured rabbit carotid arteries using nonviral-small interfering RNA transfection. J Gene Med 2009; 11:92-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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