1
|
Molina F, Rus A, Peinado MA, del Moral ML. Short-term hypoxia/reoxygenation activates the angiogenic pathway in rat caudate putamen. J Biosci 2013; 38:363-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-013-9327-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
2
|
Tanaka R, Sugiura Y, Matsushita T. SIMULTANEOUS IDENTIFICATION OF 4-HYDROXY-2-HEXENAL AND 4-HYDROXY-2-NONENAL IN FOODS BY PRE-COLUMN FLUORIGENIC LABELING WITH 1,3-CYCLOHEXANEDIONE AND REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.678454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Tanaka
- a Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Fisheries , Shimonoseki , Yamaguchi , Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Sugiura
- a Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Fisheries , Shimonoseki , Yamaguchi , Japan
| | - Teruo Matsushita
- a Department of Food Science and Technology , National University of Fisheries , Shimonoseki , Yamaguchi , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ohata Y, Ogata S, Nakanishi K, Kanazawa F, Uenoyama M, Hiroi S, Tominaga S, Kawai T. Expression of P2X4R mRNA and protein in rats with hypobaric hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Circ J 2011; 75:945-54. [PMID: 21378451 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The experimental pulmonary hypertension that develops in hypobaric hypoxia is characterized by structural remodeling of the heart. The P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) controls vascular tone and vessel remodeling in several blood vessels, and it has emerged as a key factor in the enhancement of cardiovascular performance. METHODS AND RESULTS To study the possible effects of hypobaric hypoxia on the P2X4R-synthesis system, 150 male Wistar rats were housed in a chamber at the equivalent of the 5,500 m altitude level for 21 days. After 14 days' exposure to hypobaric hypoxia, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was significantly increased. In the right ventricle (RV) of the heart, P2X4R expression was significantly increased on days 1 and 14 (mRNA) and on days 7 and 21 (protein) of hypobaric hypoxic exposure. Immunohistochemical staining for P2X4R protein became more intense in RV in the late phase of exposure. These changes in P2X4R synthesis in RV occurred alongside the increase in PAP. In addition, P2X1R and P2Y2R mRNA levels in the RV were significantly increased on days 1, 14, and 21, and day 5, respectively, of exposure. The level of P2X1R protein in the RV was significantly increased on day 21 of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Conceivably, P2 receptors, including P2X4R and P2X1R, might play roles in modulating the RV hypertrophy that occurs due to pulmonary hypertension in hypobaric hypoxia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Ohata
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Uenoyama M, Ogata S, Nakanishi K, Kanazawa F, Hiroi S, Tominaga S, Seo A, Matsui T, Kawai T, Suzuki S. Protein kinase C mRNA and protein expressions in hypobaric hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2010; 198:431-40. [PMID: 19995357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2009.02064.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Protein kinase C (PKC), cloned as a serine/threonine kinase, plays key roles in diverse intracellular signalling processes and in cardiovascular remodelling during pressure overload or volume overload. We looked for correlations between changes in PKC isoforms (levels and/or subcellular distributions) and cardiac remodelling during experimental hypobaric hypoxic environment (HHE)-induced pulmonary hypertension. METHODS To study the PKC system in the heart during HHE, 148 male Wistar rats were housed for up to 21 days in a chamber at the equivalent of 5500 m altitude level (10% O(2)). RESULTS At 14 or more days of exposure to HHE, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was significantly increased. In the right ventricle (RV): (1) the expression of PKC-alpha protein in the cytosolic and membrane fractions was increased at 3-14 days and at 5-7 days of exposure respectively; (ii) the cytosolic expression of PKC-delta protein was increased at 1-5, 14 and 21 days of exposure; (3) the membrane expressions of the proteins were decreased at 14-21 (PKC-betaII), 14-21 (PKC-gamma), and 0.5-5 and 21 (PKC-epsilon) days of exposure; (4) the expression of the active form of PKC-alpha protein on the plasma membrane was increased at 3 days of exposure (based on semiquantitative analysis of the immunohistochemistry). In the left ventricle, the expressions of the PKC mRNAs, and of their cytosolic and membrane proteins, were almost unchanged. The above changes in PKC-alpha, which were strongly evident in the RV, occurred alongside the increase in PAP. CONCLUSION PKC-alpha may help to modulate the right ventricular hypertrophy caused by pulmonary hypertension in HHE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Uenoyama
- National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vadivel A, Abozaid S, van Haaften T, Sawicka M, Eaton F, Chen M, Thébaud B. Adrenomedullin promotes lung angiogenesis, alveolar development, and repair. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2009; 43:152-60. [PMID: 19738161 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2009-0004oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and emphysema are significant global health problems at the extreme stages of life. Both are characterized by alveolar simplification and abnormal distal airspace enlargement due to arrested development or loss of alveoli, respectively. Both lack effective treatments. Mechanisms that inhibit distal lung growth are poorly understood. Adrenomedullin (AM), a recently discovered potent vasodilator, promotes angiogenesis and has protective effects on the cardiovascular and respiratory system. Its role in the developing lung is unknown. We hypothesized that AM promotes lung angiogenesis and alveolar development. Accordingly, we report that lung mRNA expression of AM increases during normal alveolar development. In vivo, intranasal administration of the AM antagonist, AM22-52 decreases lung capillary density (12.4 +/- 1.5 versus 18 +/- 1.5 in control animals; P < 0.05) and impairs alveolar development (mean linear intercept, 52.3 +/- 1.5 versus 43.8 +/- 1.8 [P < 0.05] and septal counts 62.0 +/- 2.7 versus 90.4 +/- 3.5 [P < 0.05]) in neonatal rats, resulting in larger and fewer alveoli, reminiscent of BPD. This was associated with decreased lung endothelial nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor-A mRNA expression. In experimental oxygen-induced BPD, a model of arrested lung vascular and alveolar growth, AM attenuates arrested lung angiogenesis (vessel density, 6.9 +/- 1.1 versus 16.2 +/- 1.3, P < 0.05) and alveolar development (mean linear intercept, 51.9 +/- 3.2 versus 44.4 +/- 0.7, septal counts 47.6 +/- 3.4 versus 67.7 +/- 4.0, P < 0.05), an effect in part mediated by inhibition of apoptosis. AM also prevents pulmonary hypertension in this model, as assessed by decreased right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary artery medial wall thickness. Our findings suggest a role for AM during normal alveolar development. AM may have therapeutic potential in diseases associated with alveolar injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arul Vadivel
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Uenoyama M, Ogata S, Nakanishi K, Kanazawa F, Hiroi S, Tominaga S, Kanatani Y, Seo A, Matsui T, Suzuki S. Osteopontin expression in normal and hypobaric hypoxia-exposed rats. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2008; 193:291-301. [PMID: 18284657 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Experimental pulmonary hypertension induced in a hypobaric hypoxic environment (HHE) is characterized by structural remodelling of the heart and pulmonary arteries. Osteopontin (OPN) has emerged as a key factor in cardiovascular remodelling in response to pressure or volume overload. We studied the possible effects of HHE on the OPN synthesis system. METHODS One hundred and forty-eight male Wistar rats were housed in a chamber with conditions equivalent of an altitude of 5500 m for up to 21 days. RESULTS Plasma OPN protein level was found to be significantly decreased on day 0.5 of exposure to HHE, as was the level in the adrenal gland (which secreted highest levels of OPN protein). In the right ventricle of the heart (mRNA) and the lung (protein), OPN expression was found to be significantly increased only on day 1 and day 5, respectively, of exposure to HHE. By immunohistochemistry, the distribution and intensity of OPN protein in several organs were found to alter during exposure to HHE. However, these changes in OPN synthesis did not coincide with the moderate increase in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) (maximal mean PAP, 24.5 mmHg) during HHE. CONCLUSION Pulmonary hypertension in HHE with conditions equivalent of an altitude of 5500 m may induce little or no OPN in heart and lung. Sustained induction may require a more severe PAP overload.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Uenoyama
- Division of Environmental Medicine, National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Serrano J, Fernández AP, Sánchez J, Rodrigo J, Martínez A. Adrenomedullin expression is up-regulated by acute hypobaric hypoxia in the cerebral cortex of the adult rat. Brain Pathol 2008; 18:434-42. [PMID: 18371176 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00142.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia can produce neuropsychological disorders such as insomnia, dizziness, memory deficiencies, headache and nausea. Here we report the changes in adrenomedullin (AM) expression observed in rats exposed to hypobaric hypoxia and different times of reoxygenation. AM immunoreactivity was transiently elevated in the cerebral cortex after 7 h of exposure to a simulated altitude of 8325 m (27 000 ft). This higher expression was seen in all pyramidal cells and in a subset of small interneurons. AM-positive nonpyramidal neurons contained also calbindin and calretinin, but no parvalbumin immunoreactivity, thus identifying them as bipolar and double bouquet cells. Small blood vessels and related astroglia also became immunoreactive following the hypobaric insult. AM up-regulation decreased progressively with the time of reoxygenation, reaching almost control levels after 5 days. Real-time PCR quantification of AM mRNA and Western blotting confirmed the up-regulation of AM expression following hypobaria. In addition, hypobaria modulates alternative splicing of the AM gene resulting in a higher production of AM. Our data show that AM expression regulation constitutes a cortical response to hypobaria, suggesting that AM modulation may provide new therapeutic avenues to prevent and/or treat the symptoms produced by hypobaria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Serrano
- Department of Cellular, Molecular, and Developmental Neurobiology, Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi JG, Ding YG, Tang CS, Du JB. Chronic administration of adrenomedullin attenuates hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling and inhibits proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20-peptide production in rats. Peptides 2007; 28:910-9. [PMID: 17267073 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2006] [Revised: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 12/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a novel cardiovascular-active peptide involved in vasodilation, reducing blood pressure and inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Previous research showed that ADM might be involved in the development of pulmonary hypertension. In this study, we investigated the effect of ADM subcutaneously administered by mini-osmotic pump (300 ng/h) on pulmonary hemodynamics and pulmonary vascular structure in hypoxic rats, as well as the influence of ADM on the proadrenomedullin N-terminal 20-peptide (PAMP) protein and mRNA expressions and its plasma concentrations. The results showed that ADM obviously decreased mean pulmonary artery pressure and the ratio of right ventricular mass to left ventricular plus septal mass in hypoxic rats. Chronic infusion of ADM lessened the muscularization of small pulmonary vessels, attenuated relative medial thickness and relative medial area of pulmonary arteries, and alleviated the ultrastructural changes in pulmonary arteries of hypoxic rats. ADM inhibited the proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, represented by a decrease in the expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the pulmonary artery. Meanwhile, plasma PAMP concentration and the expression of PAMP protein and mRNA by pulmonary arteries in rats of hypoxia with ADM group were markedly decreased compared with those in hypoxic group. The results suggest that ADM ameliorated the development of hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling. Intramolecular regulation of ADM may play an important role in the regulation of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by ADM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guang Qi
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pfeil U, Paddenberg R, Kummer W. Mitochondrial regulation of hypoxia-induced increase of adrenomedullin mRNA in HL-1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 343:885-92. [PMID: 16564497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia upregulates the expression of the cardioprotective peptide adrenomedullin in cardiomyocytes. We characterized this pathway in murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Inhibition of mitochondrial complexes I, III, and IV largely, but not completely, reduced hypoxic adrenomedullin mRNA increase in gas-impermeable culture plates. Complex III inhibition was also effective in permeable culture plates, so that this effect is unlikely due to intracellular oxygen redistribution, whereas complex I blockade was ineffective in permeable plates. Complex II does not participate in this effect, as shown by chemical and siRNA inactivation. ROS scavenging by nitroblue tetrazolium and general flavoprotein inhibition by diphenyleniodonium nearly abrogated the hypoxic adrenomedullin mRNA increase. Thus, ROS production by flavoproteins is crucial for hypoxic upregulation of adrenomedullin mRNA in murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes. These ROS originate both from the mitochondrial complex III and from additional, presumably extramitochondrial, sources. Mitochondrial oxygen consumption appears to have impact on oxygen availability at these extramitochondrial sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Pfeil
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cueille C, Birot O, Bigard X, Hagner S, Garel JM. Post-transcriptional regulation of CRLR expression during hypoxia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 326:23-9. [PMID: 15567147 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adrenomedullin and CGRP are two potent vasodilator peptides, and their receptors are formed by heterodimerization of the CRLR and a RAMP molecule. Hypoxia is associated with many diseases of the cardiovascular system. It was recently shown that the human CRLR gene promoter contains an HIF-1alpha regulatory element, and that CRLR mRNA was increased by hypoxia in human endothelial cells. In the present work, we have assessed the effect of hypoxia on CRLR expression both in vivo and in vitro using two different experimental models. We have also investigated the effect of hypoxia on RAMP expression. (1) We analyzed the effects of a chronic hypobaric hypoxia on rat ventricle expression of RAMPs and CRLR. (2) Acute hypoxia was studied in human vascular smooth cells from coronary artery (CASMC) exposed for 6h to 2% O(2). RT-PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression, and protein levels were determined by Western blotting. A sharp increase in HIF-1alpha protein levels was induced by hypoxia in CASMC, and 3.5-fold rise of the CRLR protein occurred after 1h of hypoxia in face of unchanged mRNA levels. The CRLR mRNA levels were only elevated later. A clear decrease of the CRLR protein level occurred after 3 and 6h of hypoxia. Thus, acute hypoxia in CASMC induced a rapid change of the CRLR protein amount independently of changes in the CRLR mRNA. This finding suggested a major post-transcriptional effect of hypoxia on CRLR expression in CASMC. RAMP2 and adrenomedullin mRNAs were increased after 4h, but no change was observed for RAMP1. Chronic hypoxia in rats enhanced both mRNA and protein levels of the three RAMPs and CRLR in right and left ventricles. Together, our in vivo and in vitro data suggested that hypoxia up-regulates both adrenomedullin and its receptor (CRLR/RAMP2) to enhance the signaling at the target cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carine Cueille
- INSERM U-606, Hôpital Lariboisière, 75475 Paris-Cedex 10, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|