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Schlader ZJ, Schwob J, Hostler D, Cavuoto L. Simultaneous assessment of motor and cognitive tasks reveals reductions in working memory performance following exercise in the heat. Temperature (Austin) 2021; 9:344-356. [PMID: 36339090 PMCID: PMC9629122 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2021.1992239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that, following exercise in the heat, motor task performance will be impaired when assessed simultaneously with a cognitive task. In a randomized, crossover and counterbalanced design, twelve healthy adults (23 ± 2 years, 5 women) completed four 10-minute exercise circuits involving upper and lower body exercise in a moderate (18.1 ± 1.7°C, 38 ± 10% relative humidity) and a hot (40.3 ± 1.1°C, 26 ± 5% relative humidity) environment. Experimental testing was completed in a temperate thermal environment before exercise (~25°C) and in either the moderate or hot environment following exercise. The 3 Back test (a test of working memory) was used as the cognitive task and postural sway was used as the motor task. Cognitive and motor task performance assessments were conducted both individually (solo) and simultaneously (dual). At the end of exercise, core temperature (by 0.4 ± 0.3°C, P < 0.001), heart rate (by 12 ± 18 bpm, P = 0.025), and mean skin temperature (by 7.6 ± 0.8°C, P < 0.001) were higher in the Hot trial compared to Moderate. During solo testing, postural sway increased from pre- to post-exercise in the Hot (P ≤ 0.028), but not the Moderate (P ≥ 0.261) trial. During dual testing, postural sway did not differ between trials (P ≥ 0.065) or over time (P ≥ 0.094). During solo testing, 3 Back performance did not differ between trials (P = 0.810) or over time (P = 0.707), but during dual testing 3 Back performance following exercise was reduced in the Hot compared to the Moderate trial (P = 0.028). Simultaneous assessment of motor and cognitive tasks reveals that motor performance is reduced following exercise in the heat. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Schlader
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA,Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, USA
| | - Jacqueline Schwob
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
| | - David Hostler
- Center for Research and Education in Special Environments, Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA,Department of Emergency Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
| | - Lora Cavuoto
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA,CONTACT Lora Cavuoto
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Bullock T, Giesbrecht B, Beaudin AE, Goodyear BG, Poulin MJ. Effects of changes in end-tidal PO 2 and PCO 2 on neural responses during rest and sustained attention. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15106. [PMID: 34755481 PMCID: PMC8578925 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairments of cognitive function during alterations in arterial blood gases (e.g., high-altitude hypoxia) may result from the disruption of neurovascular coupling; however, the link between changes in arterial blood gases, cognition, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) is poorly understood. To interrogate this link, we developed a multimodal empirical strategy capable of monitoring neural correlates of cognition and CBF simultaneously. Human participants performed a sustained attention task during hypoxia, hypercapnia, hypocapnia, and normoxia while electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and CBF (middle and posterior cerebral arteries; transcranial Doppler ultrasound) were simultaneously measured. The protocol alternated between rest and engaging in a visual target detection task that required participants to monitor a sequence of brief-duration colored circles and detect infrequent, longer duration circles (targets). The target detection task was overlaid on a large, circular checkerboard that provided robust visual stimulation. Spectral decomposition and event-related potential (ERP) analyses were applied to the EEG data to investigate spontaneous and task-specific fluctuations in neural activity. There were three main sets of findings: (1) spontaneous alpha oscillatory activity was modulated as a function of arterial CO2 (hypocapnia and hypercapnia), (2) task-related neurovascular coupling was disrupted by all arterial blood gas manipulations, and (3) changes in task-related alpha and theta band activity and attenuation of the P3 ERP component amplitude were observed during hypocapnia. Since alpha and theta are linked with suppression of visual processing and executive control and P3 amplitude with task difficulty, these data suggest that transient arterial blood gas changes can modulate multiple stages of cognitive information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Bullock
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Collaborative BiotechnologiesUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Barry Giesbrecht
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Collaborative BiotechnologiesUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA
- Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Dynamical NeuroscienceUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCaliforniaUSA
| | - Andrew E. Beaudin
- Department of Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Bradley G. Goodyear
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Marc J. Poulin
- Department of Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- O’Brien Institute for Public HealthUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of AlbertaUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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Effects of passive heat stress and recovery on human cognitive function: An ERP study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254769. [PMID: 34283865 PMCID: PMC8291678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated the effects of passive heat stress and recovery on the human cognitive function with Flanker tasks, involving congruent and incongruent stimuli. We hypothesized that modulation of the peak amplitude and latency of the P300 component in ERP waveforms would differ with task difficulty during passive heat stress and recovery. Subjects performed the Flanker tasks before (Pre), at the end of whole body heating (Heat: internal temperature increase of ~1.2°C from the pre-heat baseline), and after the internal temperature had returned to the pre-heat baseline (Recovery). The internal temperature was regulated by a tube-lined suit by perfusing 50°C water for heat stress and 25°C water for recovery immediately after the heat stress. Regardless of task difficulty, the reaction time (RT) was shortened during Heat rather than Pre and Recovery, and standard deviations of RT (i.e., response variability) were significantly smaller during Heat than Pre. However, the peak amplitudes of the P300 component in ERPs, which involved selective attention, expectancy, and memory updating, were significantly smaller during Heat than during Pre, suggesting the impairment of neural activity in cognitive function. Notably, the peak amplitudes of the P300 component were higher during Recovery than during Heat, indicating that the impaired neural activity had recovered after sufficient whole-body cooling. An indicator of the stimulus classification/evaluation time (peak latency of P300) and the RT were shortened during Heat stress, but such shortening was not noted after whole-body cooling. These results suggest that hyperthermia affects the human cognitive function, reflected by the peak amplitude and latency of the P300 component in ERPs during the Flanker tasks, but sufficient treatment such as whole-body cooling performed in this study can recover those functions.
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Martin K, McLeod E, Périard J, Rattray B, Keegan R, Pyne DB. The Impact of Environmental Stress on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review. HUMAN FACTORS 2019; 61:1205-1246. [PMID: 31002273 DOI: 10.1177/0018720819839817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this review, we detail the impact of environmental stress on cognitive and military task performance and highlight any individual characteristics or interventions which may mitigate any negative effect. BACKGROUND Military personnel are often deployed in regions markedly different from their own, experiencing hot days, cold nights, and trips both above and below sea level. In spite of these stressors, high-level cognitive and operational performance must be maintained. METHOD A systematic review of the electronic databases Medline (PubMed), EMBASE (Scopus), PsycINFO, and Web of Science was conducted from inception up to September 2018. Eligibility criteria included a healthy human cohort, an outcome of cognition or military task performance and assessment of an environmental condition. RESULTS The search returned 113,850 records, of which 124 were included in the systematic review. Thirty-one studies examined the impact of heat stress on cognition; 20 of cold stress; 59 of altitude exposure; and 18 of being below sea level. CONCLUSION The severity and duration of exposure to the environmental stressor affects the degree to which cognitive performance can be impaired, as does the complexity of the cognitive task and the skill or familiarity of the individual performing the task. APPLICATION Strategies to improve cognitive performance in extreme environmental conditions should focus on reducing the magnitude of the physiological and perceptual disturbance caused by the stressor. Strategies may include acclimatization and habituation, being well skilled on the task, and reducing sensations of thermal stress with approaches such as head and neck cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Martin
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Emily McLeod
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Julien Périard
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Ben Rattray
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Richard Keegan
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - David B Pyne
- University of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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di Fronso S, Fiedler P, Tamburro G, Haueisen J, Bertollo M, Comani S. Dry EEG in Sports Sciences: A Fast and Reliable Tool to Assess Individual Alpha Peak Frequency Changes Induced by Physical Effort. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:982. [PMID: 31619953 PMCID: PMC6763587 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel state-of-the-art amplifier and cap systems enable Electroencephalography (EEG) recording outside of stationary lab systems during physical exercise and body motion. However, extensive preparation time, cleaning, and limited long-term stability of conventional gel-based electrode systems pose significant limitations in out-of-the-lab conditions. Dry electrode systems may contribute to rapid and repetitive mobile EEG acquisition with significantly reduced preparation time, reduced cleaning requirements, and possible self-application by the volunteer but are known for higher channel failure probability and increased sensitivity to movement artifacts. We performed a counterbalanced repeated measure endurance cycling study to objectively validate the performance and applicability of a novel commercially available 64-channel dry electrode cap for sport science. A total of 17 healthy volunteers participated in the study, performing an endurance cycling paradigm comprising five phases: (I) baseline EEG, (II) pre-cycling EEG, (III) endurance cycling, (IV) active recovery, and (V) passive recovery. We compared the performance of the 64-channel dry electrode cap with a commercial gel-based cap system in terms of usability metrics, reliability, and signal characteristics. Furthermore, we validated the performance of the dry cap during a realistic sport science investigation, verifying the hypothesis of a systematic, reproducible shift of the individual alpha peak frequency (iAPF) induced by physical effort. The average preparation time of the dry cap was one-third of the gel-based electrode caps. The average channel reliability of the dry cap varied between 80 ± 15% (Phase I), 66 ± 19% (Phase III), and 91 ± 10% (Phase V). In comparison, the channel reliability of the gel-based cap varied between 95 ± 3, 85 ± 9, and 82 ± 9%, respectively. No considerable differences were evident for the comfort evaluations nor the signal characteristics of both caps. A within-volunteers repeated measure analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA) did not show significant effects of the electrode type on the iAPF [F(1,12) = 1.670, p = 0.221, ηp2 = 0.122, Power = 0.222]. However, a significant increase of the iAPF exists from Phase II to Phases IV and V due to exhaustive physical task. In conclusion, we demonstrated that dry electrode cap is equivalent to the gel-based electrode cap based on signal characteristics, comfort, and signal information content, thereby confirming the usefulness of dry electrodes in sports science and other mobile applications involving ample movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selenia di Fronso
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrique Fiedler
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany.,eemagine Medical Imaging Solutions GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriella Tamburro
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Jens Haueisen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Biomagnetic Center, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Maurizio Bertollo
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Silvia Comani
- Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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Nakata H, Kobayashi F, Lawley JS, Kakigi R, Shibasaki M. Effects of whole body skin cooling on human cognitive processing: a study using SEPs and ERPs. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 317:R432-R441. [PMID: 31290686 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00087.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of whole body skin cooling on somatosensory ascending processing by utilizing somatosensory-evoked potentials (SEPs) and motor execution, as well as inhibitory processing by event-related potentials (ERPs). Fourteen healthy participants wearing a water-perfused suit performed two sessions (sessions 1 and 2) consisting of SEPs and ERPs with somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms under two conditions (cold stress and control) on different days. In session 2, under the cold stress condition, whole body skin cooling was achieved by circulating 20°C water through the suit for 40 min, whereas 34°C water was perfused in the other sessions. The mean skin temperature decreased from 35.0 ± 0.5°C (session 1) to 30.4 ± 0.9°C (session 2) during whole body skin cooling, but the internal temperature was maintained. Whole body skin cooling delayed the peak latencies of N20, P25, and P45 components at C4' of SEPs (all: P < 0.05). Moreover, the peak latencies of P14, N18, and P22 components at Fz of SEPs and the Go-P300 component of ERPs were delayed (all: P < 0.05). In contrast, the peak amplitudes of all individual components of SEPs as well as N140 and P300 of ERPs remained unchanged. These results suggest that passive whole body skin cooling delays neural activities on somatosensory processing and higher cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Fumino Kobayashi
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Justin S Lawley
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Manabu Shibasaki
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
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Shibasaki M, Namba M, Kamijo Y, Ito T, Kakigi R, Nakata H. Effects of repetitive exercise and thermal stress on human cognitive processing. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14003. [PMID: 30806993 PMCID: PMC6383110 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive performances may improve after acute moderate exercise, but not after prolonged and/or heavy exercise. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of environmental temperature during exercise on human cognitive processing. Fifteen healthy males performed four bouts of a 15-min cycling exercise with a 10-min rest between each bout, and event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in five sessions during somatosensory Go/No-go paradigms (i.e., Pre, post-first exercise bout, post-second exercise bout, post-third exercise bout, and post-fourth exercise bout) in an environmental chamber with temperature controlled at 20°C (Temperate) and 35°C (Hot). Increases in external canal temperature and heart rate were greater under the 35°C condition than under the 20°C condition. Regardless of thermal conditions, reaction times (RT) and error rates were not affected by the repetition of moderate exercise, whereas the peak amplitude of the N140 component, which is mainly related to somatosensory processing, was significantly reduced with the repetition of the exercise. However the peak amplitude of P300, which is linked to cognitive processes of context updating, context closure, and event-categorization, was significantly smaller in post-third and post-fourth exercise bouts under the 35°C condition than under the 20°C condition, and this decrease was more prominent in No-go trials under the 35°C condition. These results suggest that executive function, which is based on RTs and error rates, is not affected by prolonged exercise and different thermal conditions, whereas the exercise in a hot environment impairs human cognitive processing, particularly response inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Shibasaki
- Faculty of Human Life and EnvironmentDepartment of Health SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Mari Namba
- Graduate School of Humanities and SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Yoshi‐Ichiro Kamijo
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineWakamaya Medical UniversityWakayamaJapan
| | - Tomoyuki Ito
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineKyoto Prefectural University of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyNational Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazakiJapan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Faculty of Human Life and EnvironmentDepartment of Health SciencesNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
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Cernych M, Satas A, Brazaitis M. Post-sauna recovery enhances brain neural network relaxation and improves cognitive economy in oddball tasks. Int J Hyperthermia 2018; 35:375-382. [DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2018.1504992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Cernych
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Andrius Satas
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Marius Brazaitis
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovation, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Ogoh S. Relationship between cognitive function and regulation of cerebral blood flow. J Physiol Sci 2017; 67:345-351. [PMID: 28155036 PMCID: PMC10717011 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-017-0525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is the primary risk factor for cognitive deterioration. Given that the cerebral blood flow (CBF) or regulation of cerebral circulation is attenuated in the elderly, it could be expected that ageing-induced cognitive deterioration may be affected by a decrease in CBF as a result of brain ischemia and energy depletion. CBF regulation associated with cerebral metabolism thus likely plays an important role in the preservation of cognitive function. However, in some specific conditions (e.g. during exercise), change in CBF does not synchronize with that of cerebral metabolism. Our recent study demonstrated that cognitive function was more strongly affected by changes in cerebral metabolism than by changes in CBF during exercise. Therefore, it remains unclear how an alteration in CBF or its regulation affects cognitive function. In this review, I summarize current knowledge on previous investigations providing the possibility of an interaction between regulation of CBF or cerebral metabolism and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigehiko Ogoh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toyo University, 2100 Kujirai, Kawagoe-Shi, Saitama, 350-8585, Japan.
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10
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Shibasaki M, Namba M, Oshiro M, Kakigi R, Nakata H. Suppression of cognitive function in hyperthermia; From the viewpoint of executive and inhibitive cognitive processing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43528. [PMID: 28497797 PMCID: PMC5353598 DOI: 10.1038/srep43528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change has had a widespread impact on humans and natural systems. Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition in severe environments. The execution or inhibition of decision making is critical for survival in a hot environment. We hypothesized that, even with mild heat stress, not only executive processing, but also inhibitory processing may be impaired, and investigated the effectiveness of body cooling approaches on these processes using the Go/No-go task with electroencephalographic event-related potentials. Passive heat stress increased esophageal temperature (Tes) by 1.30 ± 0.24 °C and decreased cerebral perfusion and thermal comfort. Mild heat stress reduced the amplitudes of the Go-P300 component (i.e. execution) and No-go-P300 component (i.e. inhibition). Cerebral perfusion and thermal comfort recovered following face/head cooling, however, the amplitudes of the Go-P300 and No-go-P300 components remained reduced. During whole-body cooling, the amplitude of the Go-P300 component returned to the pre-heat baseline, whereas that of the No-go-P300 component remained reduced. These results suggest that local cooling of the face and head does not restore impaired cognitive processing during mild heat stress, and response inhibition remains impaired despite the return to normothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Shibasaki
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Mari Namba
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Misaki Oshiro
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Human Life and Environment, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
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11
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Young ME, McCoy AW, Hutson JP, Schlabach M, Eckels S. Hot under the collar: The impact of heat on game play. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 59:209-214. [PMID: 27890130 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures have been documented to affect behavior in a variety of ways depending on the nature of the task. We extended this prior research by examining the effects of dynamically changing temperature on various aspects of performance in a video game task. In the span of approximately an hour, temperature was gradually increased, stayed constant for a period of time, and gradually decreased to baseline. The gaming task was a variation on one used to assess impulsivity in participants thus allowing the possibility of assessing the effects of temperature on impulsive choice. Rather than heat increasing impulsivity and thus decreasing wait times, participants showed increases in wait times as temperature increased which either suggests that participants were becoming more self-controlled under heat or that the documented negative impact of heat on motor functioning was dominating their performance. Importantly, the participant's sensitivity to the changing task requirements was not affected by changes in temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Young
- Kansas State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 492 Bluemont Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506-5302, United States.
| | - Anthony W McCoy
- Kansas State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 492 Bluemont Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506-5302, United States
| | - John P Hutson
- Kansas State University, Department of Psychological Sciences, 492 Bluemont Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506-5302, United States
| | - Meredith Schlabach
- Kansas State University, Institute for Environmental Research, 64 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Steven Eckels
- Kansas State University, Institute for Environmental Research, 64 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
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