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Wang C, Shen Y, Ni J, Hu W, Yang Y. Effect of chronic stress on tumorigenesis and development. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:485. [PMID: 35974132 PMCID: PMC11071880 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chronic stress activates the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to aggravates tumorigenesis and development. Although the importance of SNS and HPA in maintaining homeostasis has already attracted much attention, there is still a lot remained unknown about the molecular mechanisms by which chronic stress influence the occurrence and development of tumor. While some researches have already concluded the mechanisms underlying the effect of chronic stress on tumor, complicated processes of tumor progression resulted in effects of chronic stress on various stages of tumor remains elusive. In this reviews we concluded recent research progresses of chronic stress and its effects on premalignancy, tumorigenesis and tumor development, we comprehensively summarized the molecular mechanisms in between. And we highlight the available treatments and potential therapies for stressed patients with tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yumeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 639 Long Mian Avenue, Jiangning District, Nanjing, 211198, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Effect of Central Corticotropin-Releasing Factor on Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation-Related Gene Expression in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083940. [PMID: 33920431 PMCID: PMC8069855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the brain acts on physiological and pathophysiological modulation of the hepatobiliary system. Central CRF administration aggravates experimental acute liver injury by decreasing hepatic blood flow. Conversely, minimal evidence is available regarding the effect of centrally acting CRF on hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation. We examined whether central CRF affects hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation-related gene expression in rats. Male Long Evans rats were intracisternally injected with CRF (10 μg) or saline. Rats were sacrificed 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h after the CRF injection, the liver was isolated, and mRNA was extracted. Next, hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation-related gene expression were examined. Hepatic SREBF1 (sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1) mRNA levels were significantly increased 6 h and 24 h after intracisternal CRF administration when compared with those in the control group. Hepatic TNFα and IL1β mRNA levels increased significantly 6 h after intracisternal CRF administration. Hepatic sympathectomy or guanethidine treatment, not hepatic branch vagotomy or atropine treatment, inhibited central CRF-induced increase in hepatic SREBF1, TNFα and IL1β mRNA levels. These results indicated that central CRF affects hepatic de novo lipogenesis and inflammation-related gene expression through the sympathetic-noradrenergic nervous system in rats.
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Bitiren M, Musa D, Ozgonul A, Ozaslan M, Kocyigit A, . OS, E. Guldur M, Kilic I, Karakilcik AZ, Zerin M. Protective Effects of Green tea (Camelia sinensis), Hypericum perforatum and Urtica dioica on Hepatic Injury and Lymphocyte DNA Damage Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Wistar Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2010.241.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zheng J, Dobner A, Babygirija R, Ludwig K, Takahashi T. Effects of repeated restraint stress on gastric motility in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2009; 296:R1358-65. [PMID: 19261914 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.90928.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In our daily life, individuals encounter with various types of stress. Accumulation of daily life stress (chronic stress) often causes gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal diseases. Although some can adapt toward chronic stress, the adaptation mechanism against chronic stress remains unknown. Although acute stress delays gastric emptying and alters upper gastrointestinal motility, effects of chronic stress on gastric motility still remain unclear. We investigated the effects of acute (single stress) and chronic (repeated stress for 5 consecutive days) stress on solid gastric emptying and interdigestive gastroduodenal contractions in rats. It is well established that acute restraint stress inhibits solid gastric emptying via central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). To investigate whether the sensitivity to CRF is altered following chronic stress, CRF was administered intracisternally. Ghrelin is involved in regulating gastric emptying and upper gastrointestinal motility in rodents. The changes in plasma active ghrelin levels and mRNA expression in the stomach were studied following chronic stress. To evaluate the effects of chronic stress on the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, plasma corticosterone levels were also measured. Delayed gastric emptying observed in acute stress was completely restored following chronic stress. Acute stress abolished gastric phase III-like contractions, without affecting duodenal phase III-like contractions in the interdigestive state. Impaired gastric phase III-like contractions were also restored following chronic stress. Plasma ghrelin levels and ghrelin mRNA expression were increased significantly after chronic stress. Intracisternal injection of CRF delayed gastric emptying and impaired gastric motility in rats who received chronic stress. Plasma corticosterone concentrations were no more elevated following chronic stress. The restored gastric emptying following chronic stress was antagonized by the administration of ghrelin receptor antagonists. The adaptation mechanism may involve upregulation of ghrelin expression and attenuation of the HPA axis. In contrast, the sensitivity to central CRF remained unaltered following chronic stress in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin and Zablocki Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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Zhang H, Han T, Sun LN, Huang BK, Chen YF, Zheng HC, Qin LP. Regulative effects of essential oil from Atractylodes lancea on delayed gastric emptying in stress-induced rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 15:602-611. [PMID: 18430552 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2008.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Gastric motor dysfunction induced by psychological stress results in many symptoms of functional dyspepsia (FD). There are a number of herbal medicines that are reported to improve gastrointestinal motor. However, the mechanisms of considerable herbal medicines are not explicit. In the present study, the effects of an essential oil (EO) extracted from Atractylodes lancea on delayed gastric emptying, gastrointestinal hormone and hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) abnormalities induced by restraint stress in rats were investigated and the mechanism of the EO is also explored. Oral administration of EO for 7 days did not affect normal gastric emptying, but accelerated delayed gastric emptying induced by restraint stress in rats. The EO significantly increased the levels of motilin (MTL) and gastrin (GAS) and decreased the levels of somatostatin (SS) and CRF. The EO did not modify gastric emptying in vagotomized rats that underwent restraint stress, but antagonized delayed gastric emptying induced by intracisternal injection of CRF. These results suggest that the regulative effects of the EO on delayed gastric emptying are preformed mainly via inhibition of the release of central CRF and activation of vagal pathway, which are also involved in the release of gastrointestinal hormones such as MTL, GAS and SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Nakade Y, Tsukamoto K, Iwa M, Pappas TN, Takahashi T. Glucagon like peptide-1 accelerates colonic transit via central CRF and peripheral vagal pathways in conscious rats. Auton Neurosci 2006; 131:50-6. [PMID: 16938493 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2006.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2006] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon like peptide-1 (7-36) (GLP-1), one of the gastrointestinal (GI) regulatory peptide, is known to act as a stress related brain neurotransmitter mediating GI function. Central administration of GLP-1 inhibits gastric emptying. However, little is known about the effect of central GLP-1 on colonic transit. Effects and mechanism of GLP-1 on colonic transit were investigated in conscious rats. Immediately after intracerebroventricular (icv)-injection of GLP-1, 51Cr was applied via the catheter positioned to the proximal colon. 90 min after 51Cr injection, rats were euthanized and the colon was removed and divided into 10 equal segments. The radioactivity of each segment was counted and the geometric center (GC) was calculated. Icv-injection of GLP-1 (0.3-3 nmol) dose-dependently accelerated colonic transit [(GC: 4.4+/-0.2 in controls, 7.8+/-0.5 in GLP-1 (3 nmol)]. In contrast, intraperitoneal (ip)-injection of GLP-1 (3 nmol) did not modify colonic transit. Icv-injection of GLP-1 (3 nmol)-induced acceleration of colonic transit was attenuated by vagotomy, atropine and hexamethonium, but not by guanethidine. Icv-injection of GLP-1 (3 nmol)-induced acceleration of colonic transit was abolished by corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) antagonist, astressin. Restraint stress-induced acceleration of colonic transit was abolished by a selective GLP-1 receptor antagonist, exendin. These results indicate that the endogenous GLP-1 is involved in mediating stress-induced alteration of colonic transit via a central CRF and peripheral cholinergic pathways in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiomi Nakade
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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Chen LH, Hsu CY, Weng CF. Involvement of P53 and Bax/Bad triggering apoptosis in thioacetamide-induced hepatic epithelial cells. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:5175-81. [PMID: 16937528 PMCID: PMC4088015 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i32.5175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: Thioacetamide (TAA) has been used in studying liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, however, the mechanisms of TAA-induced apoptosis in liver are still unclear. The hepatic epithelial cell line clone 9 was cultured and treated with TAA to investigate the causes of cell death.
METHODS: The cell viability of TAA-induced clone 9 cells was determined using MTT assay. Total cellular GSH in TAA-induced clone 9 cells was measured using a slight modification of the Tietze assay. The activity of caspase 3 in TAA-induced clone 9 cells was monitored by the cleavage of DEVD-p-nitroanaline. TUNEL assay and flow cytometry were applied for the determination of DNA fragmentation and the proportion of apoptosis in TAA-induced clone 9 cells, respectively. The alterations of caspase 3, Bad, Bax and Phospho-P53 contents in TAA-induced clone 9 cells were measured by Western blot.
RESULTS: The experimental data indicated that TAA caused rat hepatic epithelial cell line clone 9 cell death in a dose-and time-dependent manner; 60% of the cells died (MTT assay) within 24 h after 100 mg/L TAA was applied. Apoptotic cell percentage (TUNEL assay) and caspase 3 activities were highest after 100 mg/L TAA was added for 8 h. The release of GSH and the elevation in caspase content after TAA treatment resulted in clone 9 cell apoptosis via oxidative stress and a caspase-dependent mechanism. The phospho-p53, Bax and Bad protein expressions in clone 9 cells were increased after TAA treatment.
CONCLUSION: These results reveal that TAA activates p53, increases caspase 3, Bax and Bad protein contents, perhaps causing the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and the disintegration of membranes, leading to apoptosis of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hsuen Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, Taiwan, China
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Nakade Y, Tsuchida D, Fukuda H, Iwa M, Pappas TN, Takahashi T. Restraint stress augments postprandial gastric contractions but impairs antropyloric coordination in conscious rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005; 290:R616-24. [PMID: 16254129 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00161.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an important role in mediating restraint stress-induced delayed gastric emptying. However, it is unclear how restraint stress modulates gastric motility to delay gastric emptying. Inasmuch as solid gastric emptying is regulated via antropyloric coordination, we hypothesized that restraint stress impairs antropyloric coordination, resulting in delayed solid gastric emptying in conscious rats. Two strain gauge transducers were sutured onto the serosal surface of the antrum and pylorus, and postprandial gastric motility was monitored before, during, and after restraint stress. Antropyloric coordination, defined as a propagated single contraction from the antrum to the pylorus within 10 s, was followed by > or = 20 s of quiescence. Restraint stress enhanced postprandial gastric motility in the antrum and pylorus to 140 +/- 9% and 134 +/- 9% of basal, respectively (n = 6). The number of episodes of antropyloric coordination before restraint stress, 2.4 +/- 0.4/10 min, was significantly reduced to 0.6 +/- 0.3/10 min by restraint stress. Intracisternal injection of the CRF type 2 receptor antagonist astressin 2B (60 microg) or guanethidine partially restored restraint stress-induced impairment of antropyloric coordination (1.6 +/- 0.3/10 min, n = 6). The restraint stress-induced augmentation of antral and pyloric contractions was increased by astressin 2B and guanethidine but abolished by atropine, hexamethonium, and vagotomy. Restraint stress enhanced postprandial gastric motility via a vagal cholinergic pathway. Restraint stress-induced delay of solid gastric emptying is due to impairment of antropyloric coordination. Restraint stress-induced impairment of antropyloric coordination might be mediated via a central CRF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiomi Nakade
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Zhang JP, Wei HS, Liu SA, Guo JJ, Zhang QY, Shi XH, Zhang SP, Liu ZY, Feng X, Lv HB. Effect of Enalpril on acute liver injury induced by CCl 4 in rats and its anti-oxidative function. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12:2638-2641. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v12.i11.2638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of Enalpril on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats and its anti-oxidative function.
METHODS: Fifty normal male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (10 rats/group): Enalpril interventional groups A, B, and C (10, 5, and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively), injury-model group, and control group. Rats in interventional and model groups were given hypodermic CCl4 (diluted with an equal volume of olive oil). Rats in control group received normal saline injection. Rats with liver injury induced by CCl4 were then treated with Enalpril (10, 5, 2.5; ig). The activities of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bile acid (TBA) were detected using full automatic biochemical analyzer. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), xanthine oxidase (XOD), glutathione perioxidase (GSH-PX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined using colorimetric method.
RESULTS: Enalpril significantly reduced serum ALT (685 ± 63, 1 241 ± 168, 1 705 ± 83, 2 302 ± 174 nkat/L vs> 3 531 ± 776 nkat/L in control, A, B, C versus model group respectively; P < 0.01), AST (1 240 ± 158, 2 430 ± 386 nkat/L vs> 3 372 ± 138 nkat/L in control, A versus model group; P < 0.01, P < 0.05 respectively), ALP (2 659 ± 248, 2 567 ± 159 nkat/L vs> 3 609 ± 346 nkat/L in control, A versus model group; P < 0.01) and TBA (8.48 ± 0.49, 16.35 ± 5.43, 16.92 ± 2.68 μmol/L vs> 24.16 ± 9.27 μmol/L in control, A, B versus model group; P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05 respectively) in acute liver injury induced by CCl4. The level of XOD in model group was significantly higher than that in control, A, B and C groups (1 042 ± 188 nkat/L vs> 571 ± 28, 724 ± 18, 821 ± 28, 868 ± 58 nkat/L; P < 0.01). SOD level in model group was significantly higher than that in control and A group (8 579 ± 861 nkat/L vs> 6 006± 639, 7 135 ± 1 560 nkat/L; P < 0.01, P < 0.05). MDA level in interventional group was obviously lower than that in model group and GSH-PX level was obviously higher than that in model group.
CONCLUSION: Enalpril has protective effects for rats with acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and the mechanism closely relates to its anti-oxidative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ping Zhang
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Hong-Shan Wei
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Shun-Ai Liu
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Jing-Jing Guo
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Qian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Si-Ping Zhang
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Liu
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Virological Laboratory, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
| | - Hong-Buo Lv
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing 100011, China
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Nakade Y, Tsuchida D, Fukuda H, Iwa M, Pappas TN, Takahashi T. Restraint stress delays solid gastric emptying via a central CRF and peripheral sympathetic neuron in rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004; 288:R427-32. [PMID: 15458973 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00499.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) delays gastric emptying through the autonomic nervous system. CRF plays an important role in mediating delayed gastric emptying induced by stress. However, it is not clear whether a sympathetic or parasympathetic pathway is involved in the mechanism of central CRF-induced inhibition of solid gastric emptying. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether 1) CRF inhibits solid gastric emptying via a peripheral sympathetic pathway and 2) stress-induced inhibition of solid gastric emptying is mediated via a central CRF and peripheral sympathetic pathways. Using male Sprague-Dawley rats, CRF was injected intracisternally with or without various adrenergic-blocking agents. To investigate whether central CRF-induced inhibition of solid gastric emptying is mediated via a peripheral sympathetic pathway, rats underwent celiac ganglionectomy 1 wk before the gastric emptying study. After solid meal ingestion (90 min), gastric emptying was calculated. To investigate the role of endogenous CRF in stress-induced delayed gastric emptying, a CRF type2 receptor antagonist, astressin2-B, was intracisternally administered. Rats were subjected to a restraint stress immediately after the feeding. Intracisternal injection of CRF (0.1-1.0 microg) dose-dependently inhibited solid gastric emptying. The inhibitory effect of CRF on solid gastric emptying was significantly blocked by guanethidine, propranolol, and celiac ganglionectomy but not by phentolamine. Restraint stress significantly delayed solid gastric emptying, which was improved by astressin2-B, guanethidine, and celiac ganglionectomy. Our research suggests that restraint stress inhibits solid gastric emptying via a central CRF type2 receptor and peripheral sympathetic neural pathway in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiomi Nakade
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC 27705, USA
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Zhang XW, Piao L, Liu C, Sun Q, Jin HL, Yin ZZ. Studies on liver-protection of Sorbaria sorbifolia aqueous extract. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2003; 11:1497-1499. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v11.i10.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To study the liver-protection effects of Sorbaria sorbifolia aqueous extract.
METHODS Sorbaria sorbifolia was perfused into stomach of the rats with liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine. The activities of serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione perioxidase (GSH-PX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were investigated by using colorimetric method.
RESULTS The aqueous extract of Sorbaria sorbifolia significantly reduced serum ALT and AST in acute liver-injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine, the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were signficantly higher in treated group than that in model group, and the MDA content in treated group was lower than that in model group.
CONCLUSION The aqueous extract of Sorbaria sorbifolia has protecting effects for rats with acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and D-galactosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Long Piao
- Department of Science and Education, Affiliated Hospital, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hai-Ling Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zong-Zhu Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yanbian University College of Medicine, Yanji133000, Jilin Province, China
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Yoneda M, Kurosawa M, Watanobe H, Shimada T, Terano A. Brain-gut axis of the liver: the role of central neuropeptides. J Gastroenterol 2002; 37 Suppl 14:151-6. [PMID: 12572884 DOI: 10.1007/bf03326435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan
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