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Yang M, Lopez LN, Brewer M, Delgado R, Menshikh A, Clouthier K, Zhu Y, Vanichapol T, Yang H, Harris RC, Gewin L, Brooks CR, Davidson AJ, de Caestecker M. Inhibition of retinoic acid signaling in proximal tubular epithelial cells protects against acute kidney injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e173144. [PMID: 37698919 PMCID: PMC10619506 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.173144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling is essential for mammalian kidney development but, in the adult kidney, is restricted to occasional collecting duct epithelial cells. We now show that there is widespread reactivation of RAR signaling in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in human sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) and in mouse models of AKI. Genetic inhibition of RAR signaling in PTECs protected against experimental AKI but was unexpectedly associated with increased expression of the PTEC injury marker Kim1. However, the protective effects of inhibiting PTEC RAR signaling were associated with increased Kim1-dependent apoptotic cell clearance, or efferocytosis, and this was associated with dedifferentiation, proliferation, and metabolic reprogramming of PTECs. These data demonstrate the functional role that reactivation of RAR signaling plays in regulating PTEC differentiation and function in human and experimental AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren N. Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maya Brewer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rachel Delgado
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Menshikh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kelly Clouthier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yuantee Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Thitinee Vanichapol
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Haichun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Raymond C. Harris
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Leslie Gewin
- Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine and the St. Louis Veterans Affairs Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Craig R. Brooks
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alan J. Davidson
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark de Caestecker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Yang M, Lopez LN, Brewer M, Delgado R, Menshikh A, Clouthier K, Zhu Y, Vanichapol T, Yang H, Harris R, Gewin L, Brooks C, Davidson A, de Caestecker MP. Inhibition of Retinoic Acid Signaling in Proximal Tubular Epithelial cells Protects against Acute Kidney Injury by Enhancing Kim-1-dependent Efferocytosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.15.545113. [PMID: 37398101 PMCID: PMC10312711 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.15.545113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling is essential for mammalian kidney development, but in the adult kidney is restricted to occasional collecting duct epithelial cells. We now show there is widespread reactivation of RAR signaling in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) in human sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (AKI), and in mouse models of AKI. Genetic inhibition of RAR signaling in PTECs protects against experimental AKI but is associated with increased expression of the PTEC injury marker, Kim-1. However, Kim-1 is also expressed by de-differentiated, proliferating PTECs, and protects against injury by increasing apoptotic cell clearance, or efferocytosis. We show that the protective effect of inhibiting PTEC RAR signaling is mediated by increased Kim-1 dependent efferocytosis, and that this is associated with de-differentiation, proliferation, and metabolic reprogramming of PTECs. These data demonstrate a novel functional role that reactivation of RAR signaling plays in regulating PTEC differentiation and function in human and experimental AKI. Graphical abstract
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Zhang PL, Macknis JK. Immunohistochemical Panels to Evaluate Important Immunophenotypes of Human Mesonephros. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2023; 42:1-17. [PMID: 35289709 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2045402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background. The immunophenotypes and potential excretory function of human mesonephros are not well studied. Methods. Five mesonephros specimens of human embryos from the 6th to 10th weeks of gestation were stained with immunohistochemical markers. Results. PAX8 was universally expressed in all renal tubules, while α-methyacyl-CoA racemase (AMACAR) was positive in proximal tubules and GATA3 was positive in distal tubular mesonephric structures. At the 8th weeks of gestation, the mesonephric glomeruli were characterized by opened glomerular capillary loops with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)-positive glomerular basement membranes and GATA3-positive mesangial-like cells. By the 8th week, proximal tubules showed PAS-positive brush borders, indicating reabsorption capacity, and the proximal tubules also demonstrated positivity with kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), representing tubular response to injury. Conclusion. Our overall findings show detailed phenotypes of the glomerular and tubular structures of the mesonephros and indicate that at the 8th week of gestation, the mesonephros may carry out temporary excretory function before metanephros becomes fully functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping L Zhang
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Labs, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
| | - Jacqueline K Macknis
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Labs, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, MI, USA
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Mori Y, Fink C, Ichimura T, Sako K, Mori M, Lee NN, Aschauer P, Padmanabha Das KM, Hong S, Song M, Padera RF, Weins A, Lee LP, Nasr ML, Dekaban GA, Dikeakos JD, Bonventre JV. KIM-1/TIM-1 is a Receptor for SARS-CoV-2 in Lung and Kidney. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2022:2020.09.16.20190694. [PMID: 32995803 PMCID: PMC7523142 DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.16.20190694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 precipitates respiratory distress by infection of airway epithelial cells and is often accompanied by acute kidney injury. We report that Kidney Injury Molecule-1/T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain 1 (KIM-1/TIM-1) is expressed in lung and kidney epithelial cells in COVID-19 patients and is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Human and mouse lung and kidney epithelial cells express KIM-1 and endocytose nanoparticles displaying the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (virosomes). Uptake was inhibited by anti-KIM-1 antibodies and TW-37, a newly discovered inhibitor of KIM-1-mediated endocytosis. Enhanced KIM-1 expression by human kidney tubuloids increased uptake of virosomes. KIM-1 binds to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein in vitro . KIM-1 expressing cells, not expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, KIM-1 is an alternative receptor to ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2. KIM-1 targeted therapeutics may prevent and/or treat COVID-19.
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Zhang PL, Liu ML. Extracellular vesicles mediate cellular interactions in renal diseases-Novel views of intercellular communications in the kidney. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:5482-5494. [PMID: 33432614 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is a complicated and important internal organ receiving approximately 20% of the cardiac output and mediates numerous pathophysiologic actions. These include selectively filtering macromolecules of the blood, exquisite reclaimation of electrolyctes, urine concentration via an elegant osmotic mechanism, and excretion of an acid load. In addition, the renal tubules carry out secretory functions and produce hormones and cytokines. The kidney receives innervation and hormonal regulation. Therefore, dysfunction of the kidney leads to retention of metabolic waste products, and/or significant proteinuria and hematuria. In the past several decades, the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communications, and the uptake of EVs by recipient cells through phagocytosis and endocytosis have been elucidated. The new knowledge on EVs expands over the classical mechanisms of cellular interaction, and may change our way of thinking of renal pathophysiology in the subcellular scale. Based on some ultrastructural discoveries in the kidney, this review will focus on the role of EVs in intercellular communications, their internalization by recipient cells, and their relationship to renal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping L Zhang
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Beaumont Laboratories, Beaumont Health, Royal Oak, Michigan, USA
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Yin W, Kumar T, Lai Z, Zeng X, Kanaan HD, Li W, Zhang PL. Kidney injury molecule-1, a sensitive and specific marker for identifying acute proximal tubular injury, can be used to predict renal functional recovery in native renal biopsies. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:2255-2265. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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