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Karmaniolou I, Lamprou K, Staikou C, Giamarellos-Bourboulis E, Theodoraki K, Papalois A, Mylonas A, Orfanos N, Smyrniotis V, Arkadopoulos N. Effect of Triiodothyronine Administration on the Kidney During Haemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation. Turk J Anaesthesiol Reanim 2020; 48:406-413. [PMID: 33103146 PMCID: PMC7556640 DOI: 10.5152/tjar.2019.81542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Apoptosis, measured via caspase activity, can be used to assess renal tissue damage in haemorrhagic shock. We investigated whether Triiodothyronine could attenuate apoptosis and protect against haemorrhagic shock-induced renal injury. Methods Haemorrhagic shock was induced in swine until the mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 35–40 mmHg for 40 minutes. Animals were randomly assigned to a control group (n=5), Group-F (Fluid resuscitation, n=6), and Group-T3 (Fluid plus Triiodothyronine, n=6). The swine were resuscitated for 1 hour aiming to MAP restoration (±10% from baseline) and were followed up for another 360 minutes. Haemodynamic parameters, fluids, acid-base status, plasma urea nitrogen, creatinine levels and caspase activity in the kidney were measured. Results Haemodynamic parameters did not differ significantly amongst the three groups. Group-T3 required less normal saline (Group-T3: 1083±204 mL versus F: 2500±547 mL, p=0.001) and hydroxyethyl starch (Group-T3: 558±102 mL versus F: 916±204 mL, p=0.004) during resuscitation. Additionally, Group-T3 swine experienced less acidosis following haemorrhage/resuscitation with a pH of 7.39 versus a pH of 7.26 in Group-F (p=0.004) at 360 minutes. Urea remained within normal limits in all groups, but creatinine levels were elevated at 6 hours in Group-F as compared to Group-T3 (p=0.019). Apoptosis, assessed by renal caspase-3 activity, was increased in Group-T3 (132±174 pmol minute−1 g−1) and reduced in Group-F (32±18 pmol minute−1 g−1) as compared to the control group, but without statistical significance (p=0.245 between Group-T3 and Group-F). Conclusion Administration of Triiodothyronine in a swine model of haemorrhagic shock seems to interfere with renal cell apoptosis. The exact mechanism needs to be further investigated in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosifina Karmaniolou
- Department of Anaesthesia, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Konstantinos Lamprou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Chryssoula Staikou
- 1 Department of Anaesthesia, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Kassiani Theodoraki
- 1 Department of Anaesthesia, Aretaieion Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasios Mylonas
- 4 Department of Surgery, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Orfanos
- 4 Department of Surgery, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Vassilios Smyrniotis
- 4 Department of Surgery, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Chaidari, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Arkadopoulos
- 4 Department of Surgery, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Chaidari, Greece
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Fujimoto D, Kuwabara T, Hata Y, Umemoto S, Kanki T, Nishiguchi Y, Mizumoto T, Hayata M, Kakizoe Y, Izumi Y, Takahashi S, Mukoyama M. Suppressed ER-associated degradation by intraglomerular cross talk between mesangial cells and podocytes causes podocyte injury in diabetic kidney disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:15577-15590. [PMID: 32996639 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000078rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesangial lesions and podocyte injury are essential manifestations of the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Although cross-communication between mesangial cells (MCs) and podocytes has recently been suggested by the results of single-nucleus RNA sequencing analyses, the molecular mechanisms and role in disease progression remain elusive. Our cDNA microarray data of diabetic mouse glomeruli suggested the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in DKD pathophysiology. In vitro experiments revealed the suppression of the ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway and induction of apoptosis in podocytes that were stimulated with the supernatant of MCs cultured in high glucose conditions. In diabetic mice, ERAD inhibition resulted in exacerbated albuminuria, increased apoptosis in podocytes, and reduced nephrin expression associated with the downregulation of ERAD-related biomolecules. Flow cytometry analysis of podocytes isolated from MafB (a transcription factor known to be expressed in macrophages and podocytes)-GFP knock-in mice revealed that ERAD inhibition resulted in decreased nephrin phosphorylation. These findings suggest that an intraglomerular cross talk between MCs and podocytes can inhibit physiological ERAD processes and suppress the phosphorylation of nephrin in podocytes, which thereby lead to podocyte injury under diabetic conditions. Therapeutic intervention of the ERAD pathway through the cross talk between these cells is potentially a novel strategy for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Fujimoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hata
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shuro Umemoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kanki
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Mizumoto
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Manabu Hayata
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kakizoe
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
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The uricosuric effects of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in vivo using urate under-excretion animal models. J Pharmacol Sci 2018; 136:196-202. [PMID: 29656005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to create novel urate under-excretion animal models using pyrazinamide and to evaluate whether dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have uricosuric effects in vivo. Adult male ICR mice were treated with pyrazinamide, vehicle (dimethyl sulfoxide: DMSO), or tap water. Thirty minutes later, pyrazinamide-treated mice were given benzbromarone, losartan, nilvadipine, nitrendipine, nifedipine or azelnidipine. Six hours after the second administration, urine (by urinary bladder puncture) and plasma were collected to measure uric acid and creatinine levels, and fractional excretion of uric acid (FEUA) and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were calculated and evaluated. There was no significant difference in the levels of plasma uric acid, plasma creatinine, Ccr, urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and urinary NAG-creatinine ratio between water, DMSO, and pyrazinamide-treated mice. But the FEUA of pyrazinamide-treated mice was significantly lower than water mice. The FEUA was significantly higher in mice taking the dihydropyridine CCBs (nilvadipine, nitrendipine, nifedipine, and high-dose azelnidipine) than in pyrazinamide-treated mice. There was no significant difference in Ccr. Thus, a novel animal model created with PZA administration was useful as a urate under-excretion animal model that was probably URAT1-mediated, and the uricosuric effects of dihydropyridine CCBs were confirmed in vivo.
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Kitney DG, Jabr RI, Vahabi B, Fry CH. Mild external heating and reduction in spontaneous contractions of the bladder. BJU Int 2017; 120:724-730. [PMID: 28609582 PMCID: PMC5643226 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To measure the effect of external heating on bladder wall contractile function, histological structure and expression of proteins related to tissue protection and apoptosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In vitro preparations of bladder wall and ex vivo perfused pig bladders were heated from 37 to 42°C, 46 and 50°C for 15 min. Isolated preparations were heated by radiant energy and perfused bladders were heated by altering perfusate temperature. Spontaneous contractions or pressure variations were recorded, as well as responses to the muscarinic agonist carbachol or motor nerve excitation in vitro during heating. Tissue histology in control and after heating was analysed using haematoxylin and eosin staining and 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) nuclear labelling. The effects of heating on protein expression levels of (i) heat shock proteins HSP27-pSer82 and inducible-HSP70 and (ii) caspase-3 and its downstream DNA-repair substrate poly-[ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) were measured. RESULTS Heating to 42°C reduced spontaneous contractions or pressure variations by ~70%; effects were fully reversible. There were no effects on carbachol or nerve-mediated responses. Tissue histology was unaffected by heating, and expression of heat shock proteins as well as caspase-3 and PARP were also unaltered. A TRPV1 antagonist had no effect on the reduction of spontaneous activity. Heating to 46°C had a similar effect on spontaneous activity and also reduced the carbachol contracture. Urothelial structure was damaged, caspase-3 levels were increased and inducible-HSP70 levels declined. At 50°C evoked contractions were abolished, the urothelium was absent and heat shock proteins and PARP expression was reduced with raised caspase-3 expression. CONCLUSIONS Heating to 42°C caused a profound, reversible and reproducible attenuation of spontaneous activity, with no tissue damage and no initiation of apoptosis pathways. Higher temperatures caused tissue damage and activation of apoptotic mechanisms. Mild heating offers a novel approach to reducing bladder spontaneous activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl G Kitney
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Rita I Jabr
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Bahareh Vahabi
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Department of Biological, Biomedical and Analytical Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
| | - Christopher H Fry
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Chebotareva N, Bobkova I, Shilov E. Heat shock proteins and kidney disease: perspectives of HSP therapy. Cell Stress Chaperones 2017; 22:319-343. [PMID: 28409327 PMCID: PMC5425374 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-017-0790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) mediate a diverse range of cellular functions, prominently including folding and regulatory processes of cellular repair. A major property of these remarkable proteins, dependent on intracellular or extracellular location, is their capacity for immunoregulation that optimizes immune activity while avoiding hyperactivated inflammation. In this review, recent investigations are described, which examine roles of HSPs in protection of kidney tissue from various traumatic influences and demonstrate their potential for clinical management of nephritic disease. The HSP70 class is particularly attractive in this respect due to its multiple protective effects. The review also summarizes current understanding of HSP bioactivity in the pathophysiology of various kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, chronic glomerulonephritis, and lupus nephritis-along with other promising strategies for their remediation, such as DNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Chebotareva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992.
| | - Irina Bobkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992
| | - Evgeniy Shilov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 2-4 Bolshaya Pirogovskaya st., Moscow, Russia, 119992
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