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Geng J, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Meng X, Sun J, Zhou B, Ma J. TGFβ2 mediates oxidative stress-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of bladder smooth muscle. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00864-9. [PMID: 38409639 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00864-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is the primary clinical manifestation of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the most common urinary system disease in elderly men, and leads to associated lower urinary tract symptoms. Although BOO is reportedly associated with increased systemic oxidative stress (OS), the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The elucidation of this mechanism is the primary aim of this study. A Sprague-Dawley rat model of BOO was constructed and used for urodynamic monitoring. The bladder tissue of rats was collected and subjected to real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), histological examination, and immunohistochemical staining. Through bioinformatics prediction, we found that transforming growth factor β2 (TGFβ2) expression was upregulated in rats with BOO compared with normal bladder tissue. In vitro analyses using primary bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) revealed that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced TGFβ2 expression. Moreover, H2O2 induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by reducing E-cadherin, an endothelial marker and CK-18, a cytokeratin maker, and increasing mesenchymal markers, including N-cadherin, vimentin, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels. The downregulation of TGFβ2 expression in BSMCs using siRNA technology alleviated H2O2-induced changes in EMT marker expression. The findings of the study indicate that TGFβ2 plays a crucial role in BOO by participating in OS-induced EMT in BSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Geng
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojia Meng
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Jinqi Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450014, Henan, China.
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2
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Wen Y, Wu J, Pu Q, He X, Wang J, Feng J, Zhang Y, Si F, Wen JG, Yang J. ABT-263 exerts a protective effect on upper urinary tract damage by alleviating neurogenic bladder fibrosis. Ren Fail 2023; 45:2194440. [PMID: 37154092 PMCID: PMC10167888 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2194440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the mechanism of action of ABT-263 in the treatment of neurogenic bladder fibrosis (NBF)and its protective effects against upper urinary tract damage (UUTD). Sixty 12-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham, sham + ABT-263 (50 mg/kg), NBF, NBF + ABT-263 (25 mg/kg, oral gavage), and NBF + ABT-263 (50 mg/kg, oral gavage) groups. After cystometry, bladder and kidney tissue samples were collected for hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson, and Sirius red staining, and Western Blotting (WB) and qPCR detection. Primary rat bladder fibroblasts were isolated, extracted, and cultured. After co-stimulation with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) and ABT-263 (concentrations of 0, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 µmol/L) for 24 h, cells were collected. Cell apoptosis was detected using CCK8, WB, immunofluorescence, and annexin/PI assays. Compared with the sham group, there was no significant difference in any physical parameters in the sham + ABT-263 (50 mg/kg) group. Compared with the NBF group, most of the markers involved in fibrosis were improved in the NBF + ABT-263 (25 mg/kg) and NBF + ABT-263 (50 mg/kg) groups, while the NBF + ABT-263 (50 mg/kg) group showed a significant improvement. When the concentration of ABT-263 was increased to 10 µmol/L, the apoptosis rate of primary bladder fibroblasts increased, and the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-xL began to decrease.ABT-263 plays an important role in relieving NBF and protecting against UUTD, which may be due to the promotion of myofibroblast apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Bladder Structure and Function Reconstruction Henan Engineering Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qingsong Pu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfei He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Bladder Structure and Function Reconstruction Henan Engineering Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Junkui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinjin Feng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Bladder Structure and Function Reconstruction Henan Engineering Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Bladder Structure and Function Reconstruction Henan Engineering Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Feng Si
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, P.R. China
| | - Jian Guo Wen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- Bladder Structure and Function Reconstruction Henan Engineering Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Laboratories of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
- The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
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Taga H, Kishida T, Inoue Y, Yamamoto K, Kotani SI, Masashi T, Ukimura O, Mazda O. TGF-β inhibitor treatment of H₂O₂-induced cystitis models provides biochemical mechanism for elucidating interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome patients. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293983. [PMID: 37931000 PMCID: PMC10627456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic disease for which no effective treatment is available. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of IC/PBS, and previous studies have suggested that administrations of a TGF-β inhibitor significantly ameliorated IC/PBS in a mouse model. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effect of a TGF-b inhibitor on IC/PBS has not been comprehensively analyzed. TGF-β has a variety of actions, such as regulation of immune cells and fibrosis. In our study, we induced IC/PBS-like disease in mice by an intravesical administration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and examined the effects of three TGF-β inhibitors, Repsox, SB431542, and SB505124, on the urinary functions as well as histological and gene expression profiles in the bladder. TGF-β inhibitor treatment improved urinary function and histological changes in the IC/PBS mouse model, and SB431542 was most effective among the TGF-β inhibitors. In our present study, TGF-β inhibitor treatment improved abnormal enhancement of nociceptive mechanisms, immunity and inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction of bladder urothelium. These results show that multiple mechanisms are involved in the improvement of urinary function by TGF-β inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Taga
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsunao Kishida
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuta Inoue
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Kotani
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsujimoto Masashi
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Ukimura
- Department of Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
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Zeng F, Wu Q, Song M, Kang X, Ou Z, Yang Z, Luo L, Li D. Circ-SFMBT2 sponges miR-224-5p to induce ketamine-induced cystitis by up-regulating metadherin (MTDH). Hum Cell 2023; 36:2040-2054. [PMID: 37642831 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play significant roles in various biological processes, yet few reports have examined their roles and molecular mechanisms in ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). This study examines the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the circRNA-microRNA-mRNA regulatory network in the development of KIC. Transcriptome data were collected, and bioinformatics analysis was conducted to create a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network (ceRNA network) associated with the occurrence of KIC. Human bladder epithelial cells (SV-HUC-1) were used in in vitro cell assays. The binding affinity among circ-SFMBT2, miR-224-5p, and Metadherin (MTDH) was identified. To investigate the effects of circ-SFMBT2/miR-224-5p/MTDH on bladder function, KIC mouse models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine, and gain- or loss-of-function experiments were conducted. Our results demonstrate that MTDH may be a key gene involved in the occurrence of KIC. Both bioinformatics analysis and in vitro cell assays verified that circ-SFMBT2 can competitively bind to miR-224-5p, and miR-224-5p can target and inhibit MTDH. In the bladder tissues of KIC mice, circ-SFMBT2 and MTDH were up-regulated, while miR-224-5p was down-regulated. Animal experiments further confirmed that circ-SFMBT2 can up-regulate MTDH expression by sponging miR-224-5p, thereby exacerbating bladder dysfunction in KIC mice. This study proved that circ-SFMBT2 up-regulates MTDH by competitively binding to miR-224-5p, thereby exacerbating the bladder dysfunction of KIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanchang Zeng
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghui Wu
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Song
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinli Kang
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhewen Ou
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobing Yang
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China
| | - Liumei Luo
- Department of Scientific Research, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Haikou, 570311, China
| | - Daoyuan Li
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital (Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University), Hainan Province, 19 Xiuhua Road, Xiuying District, Haikou, 570311, People's Republic of China.
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Evolutionarily conserved gene expression patterns for affective disorders revealed using cross-species brain transcriptomic analyses in humans, rats and zebrafish. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20836. [PMID: 36460699 PMCID: PMC9718822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Widespread, debilitating and often treatment-resistant, depression and other stress-related neuropsychiatric disorders represent an urgent unmet biomedical and societal problem. Although animal models of these disorders are commonly used to study stress pathogenesis, they are often difficult to translate across species into valuable and meaningful clinically relevant data. To address this problem, here we utilized several cross-species/cross-taxon approaches to identify potential evolutionarily conserved differentially expressed genes and their sets. We also assessed enrichment of these genes for transcription factors DNA-binding sites down- and up- stream from their genetic sequences. For this, we compared our own RNA-seq brain transcriptomic data obtained from chronically stressed rats and zebrafish with publicly available human transcriptomic data for patients with major depression and their respective healthy control groups. Utilizing these data from the three species, we next analyzed their differential gene expression, gene set enrichment and protein-protein interaction networks, combined with validated tools for data pooling. This approach allowed us to identify several key brain proteins (GRIA1, DLG1, CDH1, THRB, PLCG2, NGEF, IKZF1 and FEZF2) as promising, evolutionarily conserved and shared affective 'hub' protein targets, as well as to propose a novel gene set that may be used to further study affective pathogenesis. Overall, these approaches may advance cross-species brain transcriptomic analyses, and call for further cross-species studies into putative shared molecular mechanisms of affective pathogenesis.
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Fukushima AR, Navas-Suárez PE, Peña Muñoz JW, Ricci EL, Leoni LAB, Caperuto ÉC, Yanase L, Santana J, de França E, Delorenzi JCMOB, Terrivel AF, Ferreira GM, Hirata MH, Pantaleon LDP, Zacarelli-Magalhães J, de Abreu GR, Waziry PAF, Nicoletti MA, Spinosa HDS. Post-Partum Depression Lactating Rat Model for Evaluating Ketamine’s Safety as a Pharmacotherapeutic Treatment: Roles in Cardiac and Urinary Function. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9090299. [PMID: 36135444 PMCID: PMC9504653 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9090299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is one of the world’s most common and mentally disabling illnesses. Post-partum depression is a subtype of depression that affects one in seven women worldwide. Successful pharmacological treatment must consider the consequences for both, since the mother–child bond is fundamental for the well-being of both mother and infant as well as the general development of the newborn. Changes in maternal physiology and/or behavior can significantly influence the development of breastfed infants. Ketamine has been extensively studied for use as an antidepressant due to its mixed mechanisms of action. Safety and efficacy studies in the cardiovascular and urinary systems of a lactating postpartum depression animal model are essential for contributing toward ketamine’s clinical use in the respective patient population. Thus, this project aimed to study the implications of postpartum maternal exposure to ketamine during lactation on the cardiovascular system of female rats submitted to the depression induction model by maternal separation. This model promotes depressive effects through stress caused by the interruption of mother–infant bond early in the offspring’s life. To achieve depression, each dam was separated from her offspring for 3 h per day, from post-natal day 2 (PND2) to PND12. Experimental groups received daily treatment with either 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg of ketamine intraperitoneally during the lactation period, from PND2 to PND21. Behavioral tests consisted of the maternal and aggressive maternal behavior tests, the olfactory preference test, and the forced swim test. A technique for the detection of catecholamines and indoleamines in the heart muscle was developed for the experimental model groups. The histopathological evaluation was performed on these animals’ cardiac muscles and urinary bladders. Our findings suggest that ketamine is safe for use in postpartum depression and does not induce cardiovascular and/or urinary systems toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Rinaldi Fukushima
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP (FASIG), São Paulo 01301-000, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-981337311
| | - Pedro Enrique Navas-Suárez
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Esther Lopes Ricci
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde IGESP (FASIG), São Paulo 01301-000, SP, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Érico C. Caperuto
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Yanase
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Santana
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Elias de França
- Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Aplicada em Metabolismo do Exercício, São Paulo 86039-100, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gláucio M. Ferreira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Lorena de Paula Pantaleon
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Zacarelli-Magalhães
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Ramos de Abreu
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Helenice de Souza Spinosa
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil
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Zhu Q, Li K, Li H, Han F, Tang Z, Wang Z. Ketamine Induced Bladder Fibrosis Through MTDH/P38 MAPK/EMT Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:743682. [PMID: 35153736 PMCID: PMC8837385 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.743682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Ketamine is an anesthetic in clinical, but it has also been used as an abusing drug due to its low price and hallucinogenic effects. It is proved that ketamine abusing would cause multiple system damage including the urinary system, which is called ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). Bladder fibrosis is late stage in KIC and threaten abusers’ life. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of ketamine-induced bladder fibrosis.Methods: Female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. 2 groups were treated with tail vein injection of ketamine (25 mg/kg/day, 50 mg/kg/day ketamine hydrochloride solution, respectively) for 12 weeks, whereas the control group was treated with normal saline solution. In each group, rat bladders were extracted and samples were examined for pathological and morphological alterations via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson’s trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). SV-HUC-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of ketamine solution (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 mmol/L). Rat bladder and SV-HUC-1 cells were extracted protein and RNA for Western blot and RT-PCR detection. Metadherin (MTDH) siRNAs and overexpression plasmids were used to knock down and overexpress the relative genes. P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor was utilized to inhibit the MAPK pathway.Results: Rats in the ketamine group exhibited fibrosis compared to rats of the control group and fibrosis were also markedly upregulated in SV-HUC-1 cells after treated with ketamine, which were ketamine concentration-dependent. After treating with ketamine in SV-HUC-1 cells, there was an increase expression of MTDH, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, P38 MAPK. MTDH knockdown would suppresses P38 MAPK/EMT pathway to inhibit fibrosis, however, MTDH overexpression could promote the pathway in SV-HUC-1 cells.Conclusion: In rats and SV-HUC-1 cells ketamine-treated models, MTDH can regulate EMT through the P38 MAPK pathway to regulate the process of bladder fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haozhen Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhao Wang,
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8
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Qiu Y, Xing Z, Guo Z, Liu Z. Upregulation of AQP2 mediated by transcription factor FOXO1 inhibits TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1388. [PMID: 34650636 PMCID: PMC8506930 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common urological disease, and inhibition of TGF-β-induced bladder tissue fibrosis may serve as an alternative strategy for BOO treatment. Aquaporin (AQP)2 was reported to be aberrantly expressed in rat BOO, but its specific role was not clarified. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of AQP2 in TGF-β-induced urothelial cell fibrosis and elucidate the potential underlying mechanism. The SV-HUC-1 human urinary tract epithelial cell line was treated with TGF-β1 to establish an in vitro model of bladder fibrosis. Cell Counting Kit-8 and wound healing assays were performed to measure cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell transfection was conducted to silence/overexpress AQP2 and Forkhead box O1 (FOXO1). Protein expression was measured using western blotting. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were used to verify the predicted interaction between AQP2 and FOXO1. The present study found that AQP2 expression was downregulated in TGF-β1-treated urothelial cells. Overexpression of AQP2 significantly suppressed cell viability, migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in TGF-β1-treated SV-HUC-1 cells. In addition, FOXO1 overexpression exerted similar effects as AQP2 overexpression on TGF-β-treated SV-HUC-1 cells, but these changes were partially abolished by AQP2 knockdown. It was also found that FOXO1 was able to bind to the AQP2 promoter and regulate AQP2 expression. In conclusion, the transcription factor FOXO1 may upregulate AQP2 expression, thereby inhibiting TGF-β-induced fibrosis in human urothelial cells. The findings of the present study may provide a novel potential strategy for the clinical treatment of BOO by targeting AQP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Qiu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoquan Xing
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxin Guo
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxu Liu
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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9
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Zhu Q, Li H, Li K, Wang Z, Tang Z. Proteomic analysis exploring the mechanism of bladder fibrosis induced by ketamine using a rat model. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3300-3311. [PMID: 34532254 PMCID: PMC8421841 DOI: 10.21037/tau-21-351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long-term abuse of ketamine can cause irreversible bladder fibrosis, but the mechanism of bladder fibrosis is still under investigation. This study aims to explore the mechanism of bladder fibrosis utilizing proteomic analysis in a rat model. Methods After building a rat model, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson’s trichrome staining, and western blotting (WB) of collagen I were used to assess bladder pathology and fibrosis in a rat model. Next, protein expression changes in the rat bladder by proteomic technology were quantitatively detected, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and WB were used to verify the expression of proteins. Bioinformatic techniques and functional analysis were also performed. Results Compared to the control group, thinning of the bladder epithelium layer, infiltration of submucosal inflammatory cells, deposition of many collagen fibers, and an elevated expression of collagen I were observed in the experimental group. A total of 3,690 proteins were identified, of which 423 proteins were upregulated, and 304 proteins were down-regulated. Eight out of ten mRNA expressions and acyloxyacyl hydrolase (AOAH), mast cell (MC) protease 1 protein expressions were in line with the proteomic results. Sixty-five differential expression proteins (DEPs) were found to belong to the immune system, and 18 of them were involved in immune diseases, according to KEGG analysis. Conclusions We consider that MC protease 1 and platelet activation pathways may play an important role in ketamine-induced bladder fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Haozhen Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Provincial Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
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10
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Sultana S, Berger G, Cox A, Kelly MEM, Lehmann C. Rodent models of ketamine-induced cystitis. Neurourol Urodyn 2021; 40:1704-1719. [PMID: 34350618 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Long-term or recreational use of ketamine affects the urinary system and can result in ketamine-induced cystitis (KIC). Rodent models of KIC are important to study KIC pathophysiology and are paramount to the future development of therapies for this painful condition. This review aims to provide a summary of rodent models of KIC, focusing on disease induction, experimental methods, and pathological features of the model. METHOD A literature search was performed using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Pubmed database up to March 2021. 20 articles met the inclusion criteria and were finally selected. RESULTS There are considerable variations in the rodent models used for studying KIC in terms of the strain of the animal being used; dose, duration, and route of ketamine administration to induce KIC, and assessment of pathological features. CONCLUSION KIC remains difficult to fully recapitulate in humans. Improved characterization of KIC models and the experimental parameters and meticulous discussion on translational limitations are required to improve the translational value of research using rodent models of KIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Sultana
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Geraint Berger
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ashley Cox
- Department of Urology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Melanie E M Kelly
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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11
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Xie X, Liang J, Huang R, Luo C, Yang J, Xing H, Zhou L, Qiao H, Ergu E, Chen H. Molecular pathways underlying tissue injuries in the bladder with ketamine cystitis. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21703. [PMID: 34105799 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine cystitis (KC) is a chronic bladder inflammation leading to urinary urgency, frequency, and pain. The pathogenesis of KC is complicated and involves multiple tissue injuries in the bladder. Recent studies indicated that urothelium disruption, lamina propria fibrosis and inflammation, microvascular injury, neuropathological alterations, and bladder smooth muscle (BSM) abnormalities all contribute to the pathogenesis of KC. Ketamine has been shown to induce these tissue injuries by regulating different signaling pathways. Ketamine can stimulate antiproliferative factor, adenosine triphosphate, and oxidative stress to disrupt urothelium. Lamina propria fibrosis and inflammation are associated with the activation of cyclooxygenase-2, nitric oxide synthase, immunoglobulin E, and transforming growth factor β1. Ketamine contributes to microvascular injury via the N-methyl-D aspartic receptor (NMDAR), and multiple inflammatory and angiogenic factors such as tumor necrosis factor α and vascular endothelial growth factor. For BSM abnormalities, ketamine can depress the protein kinase B, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Cav1.2, and muscarinic receptor signaling. Elevated purinergic signaling also plays a role in BSM abnormalities. In addition, ketamine affects neuropathological alterations in the bladder by regulating NMDAR- and brain-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent signaling. Inflammatory cells also contribute to neuropathological changes via the secretion of chemical mediators. Clarifying the role and function of these signaling underlying tissue injuries in the bladder with KC can contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease and to the design of effective treatments for KC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xie
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiayu Liang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Run Huang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chuang Luo
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hongming Xing
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Le Zhou
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Han Qiao
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Erti Ergu
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Public Center of Experimental Technology and The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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12
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Yu Q, Wu C, Chen Y, Li B, Wang R, Huang R, Li X, Gu D, Wang X, Duan X, Li S, Liu Y, Wu W, Hennenberg M, Zeng G. Inhibition of LIM kinase reduces contraction and proliferation in bladder smooth muscle. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1914-1930. [PMID: 34386328 PMCID: PMC8343115 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Overactive bladder (OAB) is the most bothersome symptom in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Current pharmacologic treatment aims to inhibit detrusor contraction; however, shows unsatisfied efficacy and high discontinuation rate. LIM kinases (LIMKs) promote smooth muscle contraction in the prostate; however, their function in the bladder smooth muscle remains unclear. Here, we studied effects of the LIMK inhibitors on bladder smooth muscle contraction and proliferation both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Bladder expressions of LIMKs are elevated in OAB rat detrusor tissues. Two LIMK inhibitors, SR7826 and LIMKi3, inhibit contraction of human detrusor strip, and cause actin filament breakdown, as well as cell proliferation reduction in cultured human bladder smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs), paralleled by reduced cofilin phosphorylation. Silencing of LIMK1 and LIMK2 in HBSMCs resulted in breakdown of actin filaments and decreased cell proliferation. Treatment with SR7826 or LIMKi3 decreased micturition frequency and bladder detrusor hypertrophy in rats with bladder outlet obstruction. Our study suggests that LIMKs may promote contraction and proliferation in the bladder smooth muscle, which could be inhibited by small molecule LIMK inhibitors. LIMK inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic strategy for OAB- related LUTS.
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Key Words
- 4E-BP1, 4E-binding protein 1
- ADF, actin depolymerizing factors
- BOO, bladder outlet obstruction
- BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Bladder smooth muscle contraction
- CCK-8, Cell Counting Kit-8
- Cofilin phosphorylation
- Ct, number of cycles
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HBSMCs, human bladder smooth muscle cells
- HRP, horseradish peroxidase
- LIMK
- LIMKs, LIM kinases
- LUTS, lower urinary tract symptoms
- Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
- MLC, myosin light chain
- MW, molecular weight
- MYPT1, myosin-binding subunit
- OAB, overactive bladder
- Overactive bladder (OAB)
- PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- RT-qPCR, reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- STK16, serine/threonine kinase 16
- TESK1, testicular protein kinase 1
- TXA2, thromboxane A2
- WST-8, 2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Yu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Chengjie Wu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Yeda Chen
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ruixiao Wang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ru Huang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Xuechun Li
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Di Gu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Xiaolu Duan
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Shujue Li
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Wenqi Wu
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
| | - Martin Hennenberg
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Guohua Zeng
- Department of Urology and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, China
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 20 34294165.
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13
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Yeh CH, Chen BH, Tseng XW, Liao CH, Tsai WK, Chiang HS, Wu YN. Intravesical Instillation of Norketamine, a Ketamine Metabolite, and Induced Bladder Functional Changes in Rats. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9070154. [PMID: 34209184 PMCID: PMC8309735 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9070154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the mechanism of ketamine-induced cystitis without metabolism. A total of 24 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into control, ketamine, and norketamine groups. To induce cystitis, rats in the ketamine and norketamine groups were treated with intravesical instillation of ketamine and norketamine by mini-osmotic pump, which was placed in subcutaneous space, daily for 24 h for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, all rats were subjected to bladder functional tests. The bladders were collected for histological and pathological evaluation. Compared to control, ketamine treatment demonstrated an increase in the bladder weight, high bladder/body coefficient, contractive pressure, voiding volume, collagen deposition, reduced smooth muscle content, damaged glycosaminoglycan layer, and low bladder compliance. Compared to ketamine, norketamine treatment showed more severe collagen deposition, smooth muscle loss, damaged glycosaminoglycan layer, and increased residual urine. Intravesical administration of ketamine and norketamine induced cystitis with different urodynamic characteristics. Norketamine treatment caused more severe bladder dysfunction than ketamine treatment. Direct treatment of the bladder with norketamine induced symptoms more consistent with those of bladder outlet obstruction than ketamine cystitis. Detailed studies of cellular mechanisms are required to determine the pathogenesis of ketamine cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hsin Yeh
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (C.-H.L.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 111, Taiwan
| | - Bo-He Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Xiao-Wen Tseng
- Program in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hou Liao
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (C.-H.L.)
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Kung Tsai
- Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City 104, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program in Nutrition and Food Science, Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei City 252, Taiwan
| | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (Y.-N.W.); Tel.: +886-2-29052202 (H.-S.C.); +886-2-29056442 (Y.-N.W.); Fax: +886-2-29017391 (H.-S.C.); +886-2-29056100 (Y.-N.W.)
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.-H.Y.); (C.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.-S.C.); (Y.-N.W.); Tel.: +886-2-29052202 (H.-S.C.); +886-2-29056442 (Y.-N.W.); Fax: +886-2-29017391 (H.-S.C.); +886-2-29056100 (Y.-N.W.)
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14
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Kwon J, Lee EJ, Cho HJ, Jang JA, Han MS, Kwak E, Kim H, An J, Park D, Han S, Shimizu N, Suzuki T, Takaoka EI, Yoshimura N. Antifibrosis treatment by inhibition of VEGF, FGF, and PDGF receptors improves bladder wall remodeling and detrusor overactivity in association with modulation of C-fiber afferent activity in mice with spinal cord injury. Neurourol Urodyn 2021; 40:1460-1469. [PMID: 34015154 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Spinal cord injury (SCI) above the sacral level causes bladder dysfunction and remodeling with fibrosis. This study examined the antifibrotic effects using nintedanib, an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor receptors, on detrusor overactivity (DO) and bladder fibrosis, as well as the modulation mechanisms of C-fiber afferent pathways. METHODS Thirty female C57BL/6 mice were divided into group A (spinal intact), group B (SCI with vehicle), and group C (SCI with nintedanib). At 2 weeks after SCI, vehicle or 50 mg/kg nintedanib was administered subcutaneously for 2 weeks. Then, cystometry was conducted, followed by RT-PCR measurements of fibrosis-related molecules, muscarinic, β-adrenergic, TRP and purinergic receptors in the bladder or L6-S1 dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Trichrome stain and Western blot analysis of transforming growth factor-beta and fibronectin were performed in the bladder. TRPV1 expression in L6 DRG was measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In cystometry, intercontraction intervals, nonvoiding contractions, voided volume, and voiding efficiency were significantly improved in group C versus group B. RT-PCR, Western blotting, and trichrome staining revealed the fibrotic changes in the bladder of group B, which was improved in group C. Increased messenger RNA levels of TRPV1, TRPA1, P2X2 , and P2X3 in DRG of group B were significantly decreased in group C. TRPV1 immunoreactivity in DRG was increased in group B, but decreased in group C. CONCLUSIONS Nintedanib improves storage and voiding dysfunctions and bladder fibrosis in SCI mice. Also, nintedanib-induced improvement of DO is associated with reduced expression of C-fiber afferent markers, suggesting the modulation of bladder C-fiber afferent activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonbeom Kwon
- Department of Urology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.,Research Institute, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea.,Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eun-Ju Lee
- Research Institute, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Cho
- Research Institute, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ae Jang
- Research Institute, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Min-Su Han
- Research Institute, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eunkyoung Kwak
- Department of Pathology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Haesoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jihyun An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Donghwi Park
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Seungwoo Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Nobutaka Shimizu
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Takahisa Suzuki
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ei-Ichiro Takaoka
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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15
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Ng J, Lui LMW, Rosenblat JD, Teopiz KM, Lipsitz O, Cha DS, Xiong J, Nasri F, Lee Y, Kratiuk K, Rodrigues NB, Gill H, Subramaniapillai M, Mansur RB, Ho R, Cao B, McIntyre RS. Ketamine-induced urological toxicity: potential mechanisms and translation for adults with mood disorders receiving ketamine treatment. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:917-926. [PMID: 33484298 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intravenous (IV) ketamine has been shown to have rapid and robust antidepressant effects in adults with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Urological toxicity has been observed in chronic ketamine abusers as evidenced by dysuria, urgency, and hematuria. The foregoing observation provides the basis for evaluating whether ketamine-induced urological toxicity (KIUT) is associated with sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine (0.5-1.0 mg/kg) in adults with mood disorders. The overarching objective of this article is to identify potential mechanisms of KIUT which appears to be dose and frequency dependent. Available research indicates that high-frequency ketamine is associated with disruption of the urothelial barrier as well as direct ketamine toxicity (i.e., decreased expression of junction proteins) in KIUT of the bladder. Chronic and high-frequency ketamine use is also associated with bladder inflammation mediated via neurogenic and IgE inflammation. Other non-mutually exclusive causes are nerve hyperplasia, hypersensitivity, cell apoptosis, microvascular damage, and overexpression of carcinogenic genes. Notwithstanding the evidence of KIUT in ketamine abusers, there is no evidence that ketamine and/or esketamine treatment in adults with mood disorders is associated with KIUT. However, all patients receiving ketamine/esketamine for mood disorder treatment should be queried about genitourinary symptoms during acute and, where applicable, maintenance dosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Ng
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Leanna M W Lui
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Joshua D Rosenblat
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.,Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Kayla M Teopiz
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Orly Lipsitz
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.,Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle S Cha
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.,Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiaqi Xiong
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Flora Nasri
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Yena Lee
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Kevin Kratiuk
- Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Nelson B Rodrigues
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Hartej Gill
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Mehala Subramaniapillai
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bing Cao
- School of Psychology and Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorder Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada. .,Canadian Rapid Treatment Center of Excellence, Mississauga, ON, Canada. .,Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada.
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16
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Li H, Zhu Q, Li K, Wu Z, Tang Z, Wang Z. Investigation of urinary components in rat model of ketamine-induced bladder fibrosis based on metabolomics. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:830-840. [PMID: 33718084 PMCID: PMC7947432 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ketamine abuse has been linked to the system's damage, presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). While the pathogenesis of ketamine-induced urinary damage is not fully understood, fibrosis is believed to be a potential mechanism. A metabolomic investigation of the urinary metabolites in ketamine abuse was conducted to gain insights into its pathogenesis. Methods A rat model of ketamine induced bladder fibrosis was established through tail vein injection of ketamine hydrochloride and control group was established through tail vein injection of the equivalent normal saline. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson trichrome staining were performed to evaluated bladder pathology. Urinary components were detected based on a metabolomic approach using ultra-high performance liquid tandem chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOFMS platform). Orthogonal projections analyzed the data to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and bioinformatics analysis. Results The rat model of ketamine induced bladder fibrosis was confirmed through H&E and Masson trichrome staining. There were marked differences in the urinary metabolites between the experimental group and the control group. Compared to the control group, 16 kinds of differential metabolites were up-regulated and 102 differential metabolites were down-regulated in the urine samples of the ketamine group. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the related metabolic pathways. Conclusions Using a ketamine-induced bladder fibrosis rat model, this study identified the differential urinary metabolites expressed following ketamine treatment. These results provide vital clues for exploring the pathogenesis of ketamine-induced LUTS and may further contribute to the disease's diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haozhen Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Quan Zhu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kaixuan Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziqiang Wu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengyan Tang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Genitourinary System Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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17
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Schifano N, Chiappini S, Castiglione F, Salonia A, Schifano F. Is medicinal ketamine associated with urinary dysfunction issues? Assessment of both the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the UK Yellow Card Scheme pharmacovigilance database-related reports. Low Urin Tract Symptoms 2020; 13:230-237. [PMID: 33037767 DOI: 10.1111/luts.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A range of ketamine-induced uropathy (KIU) issues have been typically described in ketamine misusers. Conversely, more knowledge is needed in terms of medicinal ketamine-related urological disturbances, since ketamine prescribing is being increasingly considered for a range of medical and psychopathological conditions. METHODS To assess medicinal KIU issues, we aimed at analyzing both the 2005-2017 European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the 2006-2018 UK Yellow Card Scheme (YCS) pharmacovigilance databases. RESULTS A total number (eg, all categories) of 11 632 EMA ketamine-related adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports were here identified. Out of these, some 9971 ADRs (eg, 85.7% of the total) were judged as "suspect" and were here analyzed. Some 1758 ADRs (17.7% of 9971, corresponding to 194 individual patients) referred to urological issues, relating to either kidney/ureter (922 ADRs) or bladder/urethra (837 ADRs). Ketamine was the sole drug administered in 156/194 (80.4%) cases/patients. Although most cases occurred in the 1 month-1 year time frame following the start of ketamine prescribing, in 30 cases the ADR occurred within 48 hours. Most ADR-related cases resolved, although both sequelae (18 cases) and fatalities (79/1758; 4.5%) were recorded. Overall, YCS data were consistent with EMA findings, with some 50/217 (23%) ADRs referring to renal/urinary disorders. CONCLUSIONS Current data may only represent a gross underestimate of the KIU real prevalence issues. It is here suggested that chronic treatment involving higher doses/repeated exposure to ketamine be restricted to the context of controlled trials or clinical audits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolo' Schifano
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Chiappini
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse, and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Fabio Castiglione
- Institute of Andrology, Department of Urology, University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, London, UK.,NIHR Biomedical Research Centre University College London Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, UCL, London, UK
| | - Andrea Salonia
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI; IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schifano
- Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse, and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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18
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Jiang YH, Kuo YC, Jhang JF, Lee CL, Hsu YH, Ho HC, Kuo HC. Repeated intravesical injections of platelet-rich plasma improve symptoms and alter urinary functional proteins in patients with refractory interstitial cystitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15218. [PMID: 32939046 PMCID: PMC7495440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Repeated intravesical injections of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been shown to improve symptoms in patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS); however, there is a paucity of objective evidence of the effectiveness of this therapy. In this study, we investigated the changes in urinary markers after PRP treatment. Forty patients with IC/BPS who were refractory to conventional therapy received four injections of PRP at monthly intervals; 10 mL PRP solution with 2.5 times the peripheral blood platelet concentration was used. Urine levels of thirteen functional proteins, growth factors, and cytokines were assessed at baseline and at the 4th PRP injection. The clinical parameters included visual analog scale (VAS) pain score, daily urinary frequency, nocturia episodes, functional bladder capacity, and global response assessment (GRA). The GRA and symptom score significantly decreased post-treatment. In patients with GRA ≥ 2, the success rates at 1 month and at 3 months after the 4th PRP injection were 70.6% and 76.7%, respectively. The VAS pain score, frequency, and nocturia showed a significant decrease (all p < 0.05). Urinary levels of nerve growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-13, and vascular endothelial growth factor significantly decreased post-treatment (p = 0.043, p = 0.02, and p = 0.000, respectively); platelet-derived growth factor-AB showed a significant increase (p = 0.004) at the 4th PRP treatment compared with baseline. In this study, repeated intravesical PRP injections provided significant symptom improvement in IC/BPS patients with concomitant changes in the related biomarker levels.Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT03104361; IRB: TCGH 105-48-A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Chen Kuo
- Department of Urology, Yangming Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fong Jhang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ling Lee
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsiang Hsu
- Department of Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chen Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hann-Chorng Kuo
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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19
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Castellani D, Pirola GM, Gubbiotti M, Rubilotta E, Gudaru K, Gregori A, Dellabella M. What urologists need to know about ketamine-induced uropathy: A systematic review. Neurourol Urodyn 2020; 39:1049-1062. [PMID: 32212278 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ketamine is a general anesthetic. Dissociative effects and low cost led ketamine becoming an illegal recreational drug in young adults. Ketamine-induced uropathy (KIU) is one of the complications observed in abusers. This study aimed to provide a systematic literature review on KIU clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatments. METHODS We performed the literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase using the terms ketamine and bladder. English papers on human and animal studies were accepted. RESULTS A total of 75 papers were selected. Regular ketamine users complain about severe storage symptoms and pelvic pain. Hydronephrosis may develop in long-term abusers and is correlated to the contracted bladder, ureteral stenosis, or vesicoureteral reflux due to ureteral involvement and/or bladder fibrosis. Cystoscopy shows ulcerative cystitis. Ketamine in urine might exert direct toxicity to the urothelium, disrupting its barrier function and enhancing cell apoptosis. The presence of ketamine/ions in the bladder wall result in neurogenic/IgE-mediated inflammation, stimulation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase-cytokines-cyclooxygenase pathway with persistent inflammation and fibrosis. Abstinence is the first therapeutic step. Anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics and anticholinergics, intravesical instillation of hyaluronic acid, hydrodistension and intravesical injection of botulin toxin-A were helpful in patients with early-stage KIU. In patients with end-stage disease, the control of intractable symptoms and the increase of bladder capacity were the main recommendations to perform augmentation enterocystoplasty. CONCLUSIONS KIU is becoming a worldwide health concern, which should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of ulcerative cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giacomo M Pirola
- Department of Urology, Usl Toscana Sud Est, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Marilena Gubbiotti
- Department of Urology, Usl Toscana Sud Est, San Donato Hospital, Arezzo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rubilotta
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Kalyan Gudaru
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | - Andrea Gregori
- Department of Urology, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy
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20
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Zwaans BMM, Wegner KA, Bartolone SN, Vezina CM, Chancellor MB, Lamb LE. Radiation cystitis modeling: A comparative study of bladder fibrosis radio-sensitivity in C57BL/6, C3H, and BALB/c mice. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14377. [PMID: 32109348 PMCID: PMC7048381 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A subset of patients receiving radiation therapy for pelvic cancer develop radiation cystitis, a complication characterized by mucosal cell death, inflammation, hematuria, and bladder fibrosis. Radiation cystitis can reduce bladder capacity, cause incontinence, and impair voiding function so severely that patients require surgical intervention. Factors influencing onset and severity of radiation cystitis are not fully known. We tested the hypothesis that genetic background is a contributing factor. We irradiated bladders of female C57BL/6, C3H, and BALB/c mice and evaluated urinary voiding function, bladder shape, histology, collagen composition, and distribution of collagen-producing cells. We found that the genetic background profoundly affects the severity of radiation-induced bladder fibrosis and urinary voiding dysfunction. C57BL/6 mice are most susceptible and C3H mice are most resistant. Irradiated C57BL/6 mouse bladders are misshapen and express more abundant collagen I and III proteins than irradiated C3H and BALB/c bladders. We localized Col1a1 and Col3a1 mRNAs to FSP1-negative stromal cells in the bladder lamina propria and detrusor. The number of collagen I and collagen III-producing cells can predict the average voided volume of a mouse. Collectively, we show that genetic factors confer sensitivity to radiation cystitis, establish C57BL/6 mice as a sensitive preclinical model, and identify a potential role for FSP1-negative stromal cells in radiation-induced bladder fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette M. M. Zwaans
- Department of UrologyWilliam Beaumont HospitalRoyal OakMIUSA
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRoyal OakMIUSA
| | - Kyle A. Wegner
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | | | - Chad M. Vezina
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology CenterSchool of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
- Department of Comparative BiosciencesSchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Michael B. Chancellor
- Department of UrologyWilliam Beaumont HospitalRoyal OakMIUSA
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRoyal OakMIUSA
| | - Laura E. Lamb
- Department of UrologyWilliam Beaumont HospitalRoyal OakMIUSA
- Oakland University William Beaumont School of MedicineRoyal OakMIUSA
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21
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Fry CH, Kitney DG, Paniker J, Drake MJ, Kanai A, Andersson KE. Fibrosis and the bladder, implications for function ICI-RS 2017. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 37:S7-S12. [PMID: 30133788 DOI: 10.1002/nau.23725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Most benign bladder pathologies are associated with an increase of extracellular matrix (ECM-fibrosis) and may progress from formation of stiffer matrix to a more compliant structure. The aims were to summarize current knowledge of the origins of bladder fibrosis and consequences in bladder function. METHODS A meeting at the International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society 2017 congress discussed the above aims and considered paradigms to reduce the extent of fibrosis. Discussants based their arguments on the basis of their own expertise, supplemented by review of the literature through PubMed. Proposals for future work were derived from the discussion. RESULTS Altered urodynamic compliance when ECM deposition is increased is mirrored by changes in the elastic modulus of isolated tissue, whether compliance is decreased or increased. No changes to compliance or fibrosis have been reported after botulinum toxin injections. Several paracrine and autocrine agents increase ECM deposition, the role of TGF-β was particularly emphasized. None of these agents has a net long-term effect on detrusor contractility and the reduction of contractile performance with increased ECM is due solely to a loss of detrusor mass. Several strategies to reduce fibrosis were described, ranging from potential therapeutic roles for vitamin-D or endostatin, manipulation of intracellular pathways that mediate myofibroblast differentiation and the potential role of the anti-fibrotic hormone relaxin. An understanding of epigenetic regulation of ECM deposition was also considered. CONCLUSIONS The conclusion that reduced bladder contractile function with increased fibrosis is due largely to the replacement of detrusor with ECM offers a way forward for future research to consider approaches that will restore bladder function by reducing ECM deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H Fry
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Darry G Kitney
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jalesh Paniker
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and UCL Institute of Neurology, Queens Square, London, UK
| | - Marcus J Drake
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Anthony Kanai
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Karl-Erik Andersson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina.,Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Andersson KE, Fry C, Panicker J, Rademakers K. Which molecular targets do we need to focus on to improve lower urinary tract dysfunction? ICI-RS 2017. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 37:S117-S126. [PMID: 30133792 DOI: 10.1002/nau.23516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Update on some molecular targets for new drugs to improve lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction. METHODS Using PubMed, a search for literature on molecular targets in the LUT was performed to identify relevant clinical and animal studies. Keywords were entered as Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) or as text words. The Mesh terms were used in various combinations and usually included the terms lower urinary AND pharmacology. Other Mesh term included: bladder, urethra, CNS, physiology, afferent activity, ATP, prostanoids, cannabinoids, fibrosis. Search results were assessed for their overall relevance to this review. RESULTS In a normal bladder, ATP contributes little to detrusor contraction, but in a diseased bladder ATP may contribute to OAB. Selective decrease of ATP release via adenosine A1 receptor stimulation offers a potential treatment possibility. Candidates for relaxation of the smooth muscle of the urethra can be found among, for example, the receptor subtypes of PGE2 , and PGD2 . Drugs for relaxation of the striated sphincter can target the muscle directly or the spinal sphincter control. Fibrosis is a major problem in LUT dysfunction and agents with an inhibitory effect on the TGFβ pathway, for example relaxin and BMP7, may be promising avenues. Available drugs with a CNS site of action are often limited by low efficacy or adverse effects. Inhibitors of the glycine receptor Gly-T2 or antagonists of the adenosine A2 receptor may be new alternatives. CONCLUSION New molecular targets for drugs aiming at improvement of voiding function can be identified, but their translational impact remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Erik Andersson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem NC, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christopher Fry
- Department of Uro-Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jalesh Panicker
- Department of urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin Rademakers
- Department of urology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Jhang J, Wang H, Hsu Y, Birder LA, Kuo H. Upregulation of neurotrophins and transforming growth factor‐β expression in the bladder may lead to nerve hyperplasia and fibrosis in patients with severe ketamine‐associated cystitis. Neurourol Urodyn 2019; 38:2303-2310. [DOI: 10.1002/nau.24139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Fong Jhang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi General HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Hsiu‐Jen Wang
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi General HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Yung‐Hsiang Hsu
- Department of PathologyBuddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
| | - Lori A. Birder
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Chemical BiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Hann‐Chorng Kuo
- Department of Urology, Hualien Tzu Chi General HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, and Tzu Chi University Hualien Taiwan
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24
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Shen CH, Wang ST, Wang SC, Lin SM, Lin LC, Dai YC, Liu YW. Ketamine‑induced bladder dysfunction is associated with extracellular matrix accumulation and impairment of calcium signaling in a mouse model. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:2716-2728. [PMID: 30720140 PMCID: PMC6423593 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.9907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the rising abuse of ketamine usage in recent years, ketamine-induced urinary tract syndrome has received increasing attention. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying ketamine-associated cystitis in a mouse model. Female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups: One group was treated with ketamine (100 mg/kg/day of ketamine for 20 weeks), whereas, the control group was treated with saline solution. In each group, micturition frequency and urine volume were examined to assess urinary voiding functions. Mouse bladders were extracted and samples were examined for pathological and morphological alterations using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson's trichrome staining and scanning electron microscopy. A cDNA microarray was conducted to investigate the differentially expressed genes following treatment with ketamine. The results suggested that bladder hyperactivity increased in the mice treated with ketamine. Furthermore, treatment with ketamine resulted in a smooth apical epithelial surface, subepithelial vascular congestion and lymphoplasmacytic aggregation. Microarray analysis identified a number of genes involved in extracellular matrix accumulation, which is associated with connective tissue fibrosis progression, and in calcium signaling regulation, that was associated with urinary bladder smooth muscle contraction. Collectively, the present results suggested that these differentially expressed genes may serve critical roles in ketamine-induced alterations of micturition patterns and urothelial pathogenesis. Furthermore, the present findings may provide a theoretical basis for the development of effective therapies to treat ketamine-induced urinary tract syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Huang Shen
- Department of Urology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shou-Tsung Wang
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shou-Chieh Wang
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shu-Mei Lin
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lei-Chen Lin
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yuan-Chang Dai
- Department of Pathology, Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Wen Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biopharmaceuticals, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan, R.O.C
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25
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Tyagi P, Moon CH, Janicki J, Kaufman J, Chancellor M, Yoshimura N, Chermansky C. Recent advances in imaging and understanding interstitial cystitis. F1000Res 2018; 7. [PMID: 30473772 PMCID: PMC6234747 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.16096.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a debilitating condition associated with intense pelvic pain and bladder storage symptoms. Since diagnosis is difficult, prevalence estimates vary with the methodology used. There is also a lack of proven imaging tools and biomarkers to assist in differentiation of IC/BPS from other urinary disorders (overactive bladder, vulvodynia, endometriosis, and prostatitis). Current uncertainty regarding the etiology and pathology of IC/BPS ultimately impacts its timely and successful treatment, as well as hampers future drug development. This review will cover recent developments in imaging methods, such as magnetic resonance imaging, that advance the understanding of IC/BPS and guide drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Tyagi
- Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Chan-Hong Moon
- Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | | | | | | | - Naoki Yoshimura
- Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
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26
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Misra S. Ketamine-Associated Bladder Dysfunction—a Review of the Literature. CURRENT BLADDER DYSFUNCTION REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11884-018-0476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Lu YT, Tingskov SJ, Djurhuus JC, Nørregaard R, Olsen LH. Can bladder fibrosis in congenital urinary tract obstruction be reversed? J Pediatr Urol 2017; 13:574-580. [PMID: 29037864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A variety of conditions exists in adults and children in which functional or anatomical urinary tract obstructions cause bladder fibrosis, which reduces the bladder's ability to store and empty urine. Current surgical procedures include removal of the obstructions to facilitate bladder emptying or prompt prenatal or postnatal spinal closure to prevent further neurogenic damage. Bladder fibrosis may occur, and it can get worse if a flow hindrance persists or deteriorates. Anti-fibrotic therapeutic strategies that target a variety of factors have been developed in animal models, but currently there are no anti-fibrotic therapies available for clinical use. This review examines the pathogenesis of bladder fibrosis that is caused by congenital obstructions of the lower urinary tract, and it focuses on the principal signalling factors and potential treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao Lu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rikke Nørregaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L Henning Olsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
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