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Gries KJ, Zysik VS, Jobe TK, Griffin N, Leeds BP, Lowery JW. Muscle-derived factors influencing bone metabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 123:57-63. [PMID: 34756782 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A significant amount of attention has been brought to the endocrine-like function of skeletal muscle on various tissues, particularly with bone. Several lines of investigation indicate that the physiology of both bone and muscle systems may be regulated by a given stimulus, such as exercise, aging, and inactivity. Moreover, emerging evidence indicates that bone is heavily influenced by soluble factors derived from skeletal muscle (i.e., muscle-to-bone communication). The purpose of this review is to discuss the regulation of bone remodeling (formation and/or resorption) through skeletal muscle-derived cytokines (hereafter myokines) including the anti-inflammatory cytokine METRNL and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6, FGF-2 and others). Our goal is to highlight possible therapeutic opportunities to improve muscle and bone health in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Gries
- Program in Exercise & Sports Science, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Bone & Muscle Research Group, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Division of Biomedical Science, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA.
| | - Victoria S Zysik
- Bone & Muscle Research Group, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Tyler K Jobe
- Program in Exercise & Sports Science, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Nicole Griffin
- Bone & Muscle Research Group, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Benjamin P Leeds
- Bone & Muscle Research Group, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Division of Clinical Affairs, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
| | - Jonathan W Lowery
- Bone & Muscle Research Group, Marian University, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA; Division of Biomedical Science, Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3200 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN 46222, USA
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