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Kato T, Higashiyama M, Katagiri A, Toyoda H, Yamada M, Minota N, Katsura-Fuchihata S, Zhu Y. Understanding the pathophysiology of sleep bruxism based on human and animal studies: A narrative review. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:156-162. [PMID: 37086888 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep bruxism (SB) is a common sleep disorder that affects approximately 20% of children and 10% of adults. It may cause orodental problems, such as tooth wear, jaw pain, and temporal headaches. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying SB remain largely unknown, and a definitive treatment has not yet been established. HIGHLIGHT Human studies involving polysomnography have shown that rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA) is more frequent in otherwise healthy individuals with SB than in normal individuals. RMMA occurs during light non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep in association with transient arousals and cyclic sleep processes. To further elucidate the neurophysiological mechanisms of SB, jaw motor activities have been investigated in naturally sleeping animals. These animals exhibit various contractions of masticatory muscles, including episodes of rhythmic and repetitive masticatory muscle bursts that occurred during non-REM sleep in association with cortical and cardiac activation, similar to those found in humans. Electrical microstimulation of corticobulbar tracts may also induce rhythmic masticatory muscle contractions during non-REM sleep, suggesting that the masticatory motor system is activated during non-REM sleep via excitatory inputs to the masticatory central pattern generator. CONCLUSION This review article summarizes the pathophysiology of SB and putative origin of RMMA in both human and animal studies. Physiological factors contributing to RMMA in SB have been identified in human studies and may also be present in animal models. Further research is required to integrate the findings between human and animal studies to better understand the mechanisms underlying SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Ayano Katagiri
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Masaharu Yamada
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Dental Anesthesiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Noriko Minota
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Sho Katsura-Fuchihata
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Physiology, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Ueno Y, Higashiyama M, Haque T, Masuda Y, Katagiri A, Toyoda H, Uzawa N, Yoshida A, Kato T. Motor representation of rhythmic jaw movements in the amygdala of guinea pigs. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 135:105362. [PMID: 35121262 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The areas of the amygdala contributing to rhythmic jaw movements and the movement patterns induced remain unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated the areas of the amygdala contributing to rhythmic jaw movements using repetitive electrical microstimulation techniques. DESIGN Experiments were performed on head-restrained guinea pigs under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. EMG activities in the masseter and digastric muscles and jaw movements were recorded. Short- and long-train electrical microstimulations of the amygdala were performed and the patterns of jaw movements induced were analyzed quantitatively. RESULT The short-train stimulation induced short-latency EMG responses in the masseter and/or digastric muscles. The stimulation sites inducing short-latency EMG responses were distributed within the ventral part of the amygdala, which covered the medial, basal, and cortical nuclei. The long-train stimulation induced tonic jaw opening and two types of rhythmic jaw movements: those with or without lateral jaw shifts, which were characterized by a larger jaw gape and ipsilateral jaw excursion, respectively. Rhythmic jaw movements with lateral jaw shifts were characterized by overlapping masseter and digastric EMG activities. However, rhythmic patterns did not differ between the two types of rhythmic jaw movements. The stimulation sites that induced rhythmic jaw movements were more localized to the cortical nucleus. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that the ventral part of the amygdala is involved in the induction of rhythmic jaw movements in guinea pigs. The putative roles of the limbic system in the genesis of functional (e.g., chewing) and non-functional (e.g., bruxism) rhythmic oromotor movements warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Ueno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ⅱ, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tahsinul Haque
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Division of Oral Maxillofacial Biology, Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Nagano 399-0781, Japan
| | - Ayano Katagiri
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Narikazu Uzawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Ⅱ, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Yano H, Matsuura Y, Katagiri A, Higashiyama M, Toyoda H, Sato H, Ueno Y, Uzawa N, Yoshida A, Kato T. Changes in cortical, cardiac, and respiratory activities in relation to spontaneous rhythmic jaw movements in ketamine-anesthetized guinea pigs. Eur J Oral Sci 2021; 129:e12817. [PMID: 34289165 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that rhythmic jaw movements (RJMs) spontaneously occur in ketamine-anesthetized animals. The present study investigated the physiological processes that occur during the cortical, cardiac, and respiratory events which contribute to the genesis of RJMs in animals after supplemental ketamine injections. Fourteen guinea pigs were prepared to allow electroencephalographic, electrocardiographic, and electromyographic activities to be recorded from the digastric muscle, measurement of jaw movements, and nasal expiratory airflow under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. Rhythmic jaw movements spontaneously occurred with rhythmic digastric muscle contractions, 23-29 minutes after injection of supplemental ketamine (12.5 and 25.0 mg kg-1 , intravenously). The cycle length of RJMs did not differ significantly between the two doses of ketamine (mean±SD: 12.5 mg kg-1 , 326.5 ± 60.0 ms; 25 mg kg-1 , 278.5 ± 45.1 ms). Following injection of ketamine, digastric muscle activity, heart and respiratory rates, and cortical beta power significantly decreased, while cortical delta and theta power significantly increased. These changes were significantly larger in animals given 25.0 mg kg-1 of ketamine than in those given 12.5 mg kg-1 . With the onset of RJMs, the levels of these variables returned to pre-injection levels, regardless of the dose of ketamine administered. These results suggest that, following supplemental ketamine injections, spontaneous RJMs occur during a specific period when the pharmacological effects of ketamine wear off, and that these RJMs are characterized by stereotypical changes in cardiac, respiratory, and cortical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yano
- Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Toyonaka, Japan.,Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsuura
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan.,School of Nursing, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ayano Katagiri
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Hajime Sato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ueno
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Narikazu Uzawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
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Döppler JF, Peltier M, Amador A, Goller F, Mindlin GB. Replay of innate vocal patterns during night sleep in suboscines. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210610. [PMID: 34187198 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of forebrain circuitry during sleep has been variably characterized as 'pre- or replay' and has been linked to memory consolidation. The evolutionary origins of this mechanism, however, are unknown. Sleep activation of the sensorimotor pathways of learned birdsong is a particularly useful model system because the muscles controlling the vocal organ are activated, revealing syringeal activity patterns for direct comparison with those of daytime vocal activity. Here, we show that suboscine birds, which develop their species-typical songs innately without the elaborate forebrain-thalamic circuitry of the vocal learning taxa, also engage in replay during sleep. In two tyrannid species, the characteristic syringeal activation patterns of the song could also be identified during sleep. Similar to song-learning oscines, the burst structure was more variable during sleep than daytime song production. In kiskadees (Pitangus sulphuratus), a second vocalization, which is part of a multi-modal display, was also replayed during sleep along with one component of the visual display. These data show unambiguously that variable 'replay' of stereotyped vocal motor programmes is not restricted to programmes confined within forebrain circuitry. The proposed effects on vocal motor programme maintenance are, therefore, building on a pre-existing neural mechanism that predates the evolution of learned vocal motor behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Döppler
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manon Peltier
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ana Amador
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Franz Goller
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Institute of Zoophysiology, University of Münster, Munster, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Gabriel B Mindlin
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,IFIBA, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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5
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Kishi A, Haraki S, Toyota R, Shiraishi Y, Kamimura M, Taniike M, Yatani H, Kato T. Sleep stage dynamics in young patients with sleep bruxism. Sleep 2019; 43:5573908. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractStudy ObjectivesWe hypothesized that sleep stage dynamics are different in patients with sleep bruxism (SB) and that these changes are associated with the occurrence of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity (RMMA).MethodsFifteen healthy controls and 15 patients with SB underwent overnight polysomnography. Sleep variables and survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage were compared between the groups. Stage transition dynamics and the probability of stage fragmentation were analyzed for three epochs before and after the epoch with RMMA. Survival curves of continuous runs of each sleep stage, terminated with or without RMMA, were also compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in sleep variables between the groups, except for shorter sleep latency, shorter rapid eye movement (REM) latency, and longer total N1 duration in SB patients than in controls. REM sleep and N2 were significantly less continuous in SB patients than in controls. In the SB group, stage fragmentation probability was significantly increased for the epoch with RMMA compared with the baseline for all stages. Meanwhile, the occurrence of RMMA did not affect the continuity of N2 or REM; however, the occurrence of RMMA was preceded by more continuous N3 runs.ConclusionsSleep stage dynamics differed between SB patients and controls. RMMA does not result in sleep disruption but is likely associated with dissipation of sleep pressure. Less continuity of REM sleep in SB may provide insights into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of SB, which may be related to REM sleep processes such as cortical desynchronized states or brainstem activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akifumi Kishi
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Haraki
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Risa Toyota
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Shiraishi
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayo Kamimura
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Taniike
- Department of Child Development, Osaka University United Graduate School of Child Development, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Child Development, Osaka University United Graduate School of Child Development, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Sleep Medicine Center, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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6
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Yamada K, Higashiyama M, Toyoda H, Masuda Y, Kogo M, Yoshida A, Kato T. Experimentally induced rhythmic jaw muscle activities during non‐rapid eye movement sleep in freely moving guinea pigs. J Sleep Res 2019; 28:e12823. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken‐ichi Yamada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery I Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Oral Physiology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroki Toyoda
- Department of Oral Physiology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial NeurobiologyGraduate School of Oral MedicineMatsumoto Dental University Shiojiri Japan
| | - Mikihiko Kogo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery I Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
| | - Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Osaka Japan
- Sleep Medicine Center Osaka University Hospital Osaka Japan
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7
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Herr KB, Mann GL, Kubin L. Modulation of Motoneuronal Activity With Sleep-Wake States and Motoneuronal Gene Expression Vary With Circadian Rest-Activity Cycle. Front Integr Neurosci 2018; 12:32. [PMID: 30131680 PMCID: PMC6090895 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In both nocturnal and diurnal mammals, sleep and wake states differentially aggregate during the rest and active phases of circadian cycle. Closely associated with this rhythm are prominent changes in motor activity. Here, we quantified the magnitudes of electromyographic activity (EMG) measured separately during different sleep-wake states across the rest-activity cycle, thereby separating amplitude measurements from the known dependance of the timing of wake and sleep on the phase of circadian rest-activity cycle. In seven rats chronically instrumented for electroencephalogram and EMG monitoring, nuchal and lingual muscle EMGs were measured as a commonly used postural output in behavioral sleep studies and as a cranial motor output with potential clinical relevance in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, respectively. We found that, for both motor outputs, EMG measured during wake episodes was significantly higher during the active phase, than during the rest phase, of circadian cycle. The corresponding patterns observed during slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) were different. During SWS, lingual EMG was very low and did not differ between the rest and active phase, whereas nuchal EMG had pattern similar to that during wakefulness. During REMS, lingual EMG was, paradoxically, higher during the rest phase due to increased twitching activity, whereas nuchal EMG was very low throughout the rest and active periods (postural atonia). In the follow-up comparison of differences in transcript levels in tissue samples obtained from the medullary hypoglossal motor nucleus and inferior olive (IO) at rest onset and active period onset conducted using microarrays, we identified significant differences for multiple transcripts representing the core members of the molecular circadian clock and other genes important for the regulation of cell metabolism and activity (up to n = 130 at p < 0.001). Collectively, our data indicate that activity of motoneurons is regulated to optimally align it with the rest-activity cycle, with the process possibly involving transcriptional mechanisms at the motoneuronal level. Our data also suggest that OSA patients may be relatively better protected against sleep-related upper airway obstructions during REMS episodes generated during the rest phase, than during active phase, of the circadian cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate B Herr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Graziella L Mann
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Leszek Kubin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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8
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Kato T, Toyota R, Haraki S, Yano H, Higashiyama M, Ueno Y, Yano H, Sato F, Yatani H, Yoshida A. Comparison of rhythmic masticatory muscle activity during non-rapid eye movement sleep in guinea pigs and humans. J Sleep Res 2017; 27:e12608. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.12608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Osaka University Hospital; Sleep Medicine Center; Osaka Japan
| | - Risa Toyota
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Shingo Haraki
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yano
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshio Ueno
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yano
- Department of Oral Physiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sato
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yatani
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology; Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry; Osaka Japan
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Katayama K, Mochizuki A, Kato T, Ikeda M, Ikawa Y, Nakamura S, Nakayama K, Wakabayashi N, Baba K, Inoue T. Dark/light transition and vigilance states modulate jaw-closing muscle activity level in mice. Neurosci Res 2015; 101:24-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Kato T, Seki S, Higashiyama M, Masuda Y, Kitamura S, Yoshida A. Anatomical organization of descending cortical projections orchestrating the patterns of cortically induced rhythmical jaw muscle activity in guinea pigs. Neurosci Res 2015; 99:34-45. [PMID: 26031605 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Repetitive electrical microstimulation to the cortical masticatory area (CMA) evokes distinct patterns of rhythmical jaw muscle activities (RJMAs) in animals. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the descending projections from the CMA, associated with distinct patterns of RJMAs, to the thalamus, midbrain, pons and medulla in guinea pigs. RJMAs with continuous masseter and digastric bursts (CB-RJMAs) and stimulus-locked digastric sub-bursts (SLB-RJMAs) were induced from the anterior and posterior areas of the rostral region of the lateral agranular cortex, and chewing-like RJMAs from the rostral region of the granular cortex. Anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine, was injected into the three cortical areas. The cortical area inducing CB-RJMAs had strong ipsilateral projections to the motor thalamus, red nucleus, midbrain reticular formation, superior colliculus, parabrachial nucleus, and supratrigeminal region, and contralateral projections mainly to the lateral reticular formation around the trigeminal motor nucleus (Vmo). The cortical area inducing SLB-RJMAs had moderate projections to the motor thalamus and lateral reticular formation around the Vmo, but few projections to the midbrain nuclei. The cortical area inducing chewing-like RJMAs had strong projections to the ipsilateral sensory thalamus and contralateral trigeminal sensory nuclei, and moderate projections to the lateral reticular formation. The three cortical areas consistently had few projections to the ventromedial reticular formation. The present study demonstrates that multiple direct and indirect descending projections from the CMA onto the premotor systems connecting the trigeminal motoneurons represent the neuroanatomical repertoires for generating RJMAs during the distinct phases of natural ingestive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Seki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Biology, Graduate School of Oral, Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kitamura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Kato T, Masuda Y, Miyano K, Higashiyama M, Yano H, Haque T, Sato F, Yoshida A. Distinct association between the antagonistic jaw muscle activity levels and cardiac activity during chewing and NREM sleep in the freely moving guinea pigs. Neurosci Lett 2015; 592:59-63. [PMID: 25748316 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of the association between cardiac activity and the electromyographic (EMG) level of the antagonistic jaw muscles during chewing and NREM sleep in guinea pigs after systemic clonidine injections. Ten animals were prepared for chronic experiments to monitor sleep, cardiac activity and EMG activity of jaw-closing masseter (MAS) and jaw-opening anterior belly of digastric (ADG) muscles. The recordings were made for ten hours with the injections of saline or clonidine (10 μg/kg, i.p.). Integrated EMG activity of the two muscles and mean heart rate (mHR) were calculated for every 10-s epoch. During the two hours after clonidine injection, the duration of REM sleep and mHR were significantly reduced. During chewing, the high EMG activity level of the two muscles and the activity ratio between the two muscles were not modified although mHR was decreased. During NREM sleep, after clonidine injection, the low EMG activity level at baseline was further decreased by 20-30% in parallel to a decrease of mHR although the heterogeneity of the activity ratio remained unaltered. The results suggest that the maintenance of the activity level for the antagonistic jaw muscles are regulated by the distinct physiological mechanisms reflecting the behavioral states during conscious chewing and unconscious NREM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kato
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Japan.
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Matsumoto Dental University, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Biology, Japan
| | - Keiji Miyano
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Japan
| | - Makoto Higashiyama
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yano
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery II, Japan
| | - Tahsinul Haque
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Sato
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Oral Anatomy and Neurobiology, Japan
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Schwarz PB, Mir S, Peever JH. Noradrenergic modulation of masseter muscle activity during natural rapid eye movement sleep requires glutamatergic signalling at the trigeminal motor nucleus. J Physiol 2014; 592:3597-609. [PMID: 24860176 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2014.272633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Noradrenergic neurotransmission in the brainstem is closely coupled to changes in muscle activity across the sleep-wake cycle, and noradrenaline is considered to be a key excitatory neuromodulator that reinforces the arousal-related stimulus on motoneurons to drive movement. However, it is unknown if α-1 noradrenoceptor activation increases motoneuron responsiveness to excitatory glutamate (AMPA) receptor-mediated inputs during natural behaviour. We studied the effects of noradrenaline on AMPA receptor-mediated motor activity at the motoneuron level in freely behaving rats, particularly during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, a period during which both AMPA receptor-triggered muscle twitches and periods of muscle quiescence in which AMPA drive is silent are exhibited. Male rats were subjected to electromyography and electroencephalography recording to monitor sleep and waking behaviour. The implantation of a cannula into the trigeminal motor nucleus of the brainstem allowed us to perfuse noradrenergic and glutamatergic drugs by reverse microdialysis, and thus to use masseter muscle activity as an index of motoneuronal output. We found that endogenous excitation of both α-1 noradrenoceptor and AMPA receptors during waking are coupled to motor activity; however, REM sleep exhibits an absence of endogenous α-1 noradrenoceptor activity. Importantly, exogenous α-1 noradrenoceptor stimulation cannot reverse the muscle twitch suppression induced by AMPA receptor blockade and nor can it elevate muscle activity during quiet REM, a phase when endogenous AMPA receptor activity is subthreshold. We conclude that the presence of an endogenous glutamatergic drive is necessary for noradrenaline to trigger muscle activity at the level of the motoneuron in an animal behaving naturally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Schwarz
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Saba Mir
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John H Peever
- Systems Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Voirin B, Scriba MF, Martinez-Gonzalez D, Vyssotski AL, Wikelski M, Rattenborg NC. Ecology and neurophysiology of sleep in two wild sloth species. Sleep 2014; 37:753-61. [PMID: 24899764 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.3584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Interspecific variation in sleep measured in captivity correlates with various physiological and environmental factors, including estimates of predation risk in the wild. However, it remains unclear whether prior comparative studies have been confounded by the captive recording environment. Herein we examine the effect of predation pressure on sleep in sloths living in the wild. DESIGN Comparison of two closely related sloth species, one exposed to predation and one free from predation. SETTING Panamanian mainland rainforest (predators present) and island mangrove (predators absent). PARTICIPANTS Mainland (Bradypus variegatus, five males and four females) and island (Bradypus pygmaeus, six males) sloths. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded using a miniature data logger. Although both species spent between 9 and 10 h per day sleeping, the mainland sloths showed a preference for sleeping at night, whereas island sloths showed no preference for sleeping during the day or night. Standardized EEG activity during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep showed lower low-frequency power, and increased spindle and higher frequency power in island sloths when compared to mainland sloths. CONCLUSIONS In sloths sleeping in the wild, predation pressure influenced the timing of sleep, but not the amount of time spent asleep. The preference for sleeping at night in mainland sloths may be a strategy to avoid detection by nocturnal cats. The pronounced differences in the NREM sleep EEG spectrum remain unexplained, but might be related to genetic or environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryson Voirin
- Avian Sleep Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology - Seewiesen, Seewiesen, Germany ; Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology - Radolfzell, Radolfzell, Germany ; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute - Panama, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
| | - Madeleine F Scriba
- Avian Sleep Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology - Seewiesen, Seewiesen, Germany ; Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexei L Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology - Radolfzell, Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Niels C Rattenborg
- Avian Sleep Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology - Seewiesen, Seewiesen, Germany
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