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Langan LM, Lovin LM, Taylor RB, Scarlett KR, Kevin Chambliss C, Chatterjee S, Scott JT, Brooks BW. Proteome changes in larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) and fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposed to (±) anatoxin-a. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108514. [PMID: 38394915 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Anatoxin-a and its analogues are potent neurotoxins produced by several genera of cyanobacteria. Due in part to its high toxicity and potential presence in drinking water, these toxins pose threats to public health, companion animals and the environment. It primarily exerts toxicity as a cholinergic agonist, with high affinity at neuromuscular junctions, but molecular mechanisms by which it elicits toxicological responses are not fully understood. To advance understanding of this cyanobacteria, proteomic characterization (DIA shotgun proteomics) of two common fish models (zebrafish and fathead minnow) was performed following (±) anatoxin-a exposure. Specifically, proteome changes were identified and quantified in larval fish exposed for 96 h (0.01-3 mg/L (±) anatoxin-a and caffeine (a methodological positive control) with environmentally relevant treatment levels examined based on environmental exposure distributions of surface water data. Proteomic concentration - response relationships revealed 48 and 29 proteins with concentration - response relationships curves for zebrafish and fathead minnow, respectively. In contrast, the highest number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) varied between zebrafish (n = 145) and fathead minnow (n = 300), with only fatheads displaying DEPs at all treatment levels. For both species, genes associated with reproduction were significantly downregulated, with pathways analysis that broadly clustered genes into groups associated with DNA repair mechanisms. Importantly, significant differences in proteome response between the species was also observed, consistent with prior observations of differences in response using both behavioral assays and gene expression, adding further support to model specific differences in organismal sensitivity and/or response. When DEPs were read across from humans to zebrafish, disease ontology enrichment identified diseases associated with cognition and muscle weakness consistent with the prior literature. Our observations highlight limited knowledge of how (±) anatoxin-a, a commonly used synthetic racemate surrogate, elicits responses at a molecular level and advances its toxicological understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Langan
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
| | - Lea M Lovin
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Raegyn B Taylor
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Department of Chemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Kendall R Scarlett
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Department of Chemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Saurabh Chatterjee
- Department of Medicine, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - J Thad Scott
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA; Center for Reservoir and Aquatic Systems Research, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Elamipretide reduces pyroptosis and improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29:2843-2856. [PMID: 37081763 PMCID: PMC10493668 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Elamipretide (EPT), a novel mitochondria-targeted peptide, has been shown to be protective in a range of diseases. However, the effect of EPT in spinal cord injury (SCI) has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to investigate whether EPT would inhibit pyroptosis and protect against SCI. METHODS After establishing the SCI model, we determined the biochemical and morphological changes associated with pyroptosis, including neuronal cell death, proinflammatory cytokine expression, and signal pathway levels. Furthermore, mitochondrial function was assessed with flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that EPT improved locomotor functional recovery following SCI as well as reduced neuronal loss. Moreover, EPT inhibited nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and pyroptosis occurrence and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines levels following SCI. Furthermore, EPT alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species level. CONCLUSION EPT treatment may protect against SCI via inhibition of pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Guoming Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
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Ding Y, Chen Q. The NF-κB Pathway: a Focus on Inflammatory Responses in Spinal Cord Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5292-5308. [PMID: 37286724 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a type of central nervous system trauma that can lead to severe nerve injury. Inflammatory reaction after injury is an important pathological process leading to secondary injury. Long-term stimulation of inflammation can further deteriorate the microenvironment of the injured site, leading to the deterioration of neural function. Understanding the signaling pathways that regulate responses after SCI, especially inflammatory responses, is critical for the development of new therapeutic targets and approaches. Nuclear transfer factor-κB (NF-κB) has long been recognized as a key factor in regulating inflammatory responses. The NF-κB pathway is closely related to the pathological process of SCI. Inhibition of this pathway can improve the inflammatory microenvironment and promote the recovery of neural function after SCI. Therefore, the NF-κB pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for SCI. This article reviews the mechanism of inflammatory response after SCI and the characteristics of NF-κB pathway, emphasizing the effect of inhibiting NF-κB on the inflammatory response of SCI to provide a theoretical basis for the biological treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ding
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Lim YJ, Jung GN, Park WT, Seo MS, Lee GW. Therapeutic potential of small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells for spinal cord and nerve injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1151357. [PMID: 37035240 PMCID: PMC10073723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural diseases such as compressive, congenital, and traumatic injuries have diverse consequences, from benign mild sequelae to severe life-threatening conditions with associated losses of motor, sensory, and autonomic functions. Several approaches have been adopted to control neuroinflammatory cascades. Traditionally, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as therapeutic agents, as they possess growth factors and cytokines with potential anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects. However, several animal model studies have reported conflicting outcomes, and therefore, the role of MSCs as a regenerative source for the treatment of neural pathologies remains debatable. In addition, issues such as heterogeneity and ethical issues limited their use as therapeutic agents. To overcome the obstacles associated with the use of traditional agents, we explored the therapeutic potentials of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain nucleic acids, functional proteins, and bioactive lipids, and play crucial roles in immune response regulation, inflammation reduction, and cell-to-cell communication. EVs may surpass MSCs in size issue, immunogenicity, and response to the host environment. However, a comprehensive review is required on the therapeutic potential of EVs for the treatment of neural pathologies. In this review, we discuss the action mechanism of EVs, their potential for treating neural pathologies, and future perspectives regarding their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ju Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyeong Na Jung
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook-Tae Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Seo
- Department of Veterinary Tissue Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun Woo Lee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Gun Woo Lee,
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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Dopamine inhibits pyroptosis and attenuates secondary damage after spinal cord injury in female mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 792:136935. [PMID: 36307053 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An excessive inflammatory response accompanies the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI) and has been found to be promoted by inflammasomes in a variety of disease models. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that also regulates nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-dependent neuroinflammation. However, little is known regarding the effects and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of dopamine in SCI. METHODS Functional recovery in mice was assessed with the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS). Neuronal loss was evaluated with immunochemical staining of NeuN. Pyroptosis was assessed with immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry, western blotting, and cell viability and cytotoxicity assays. RESULTS Dopamine was significantly associated with enhanced locomotor recovery after SCI, and with decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation, pyroptosis, neuronal loss and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. In vitro data suggested that dopamine suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. CONCLUSIONS Dopamine may be a novel approach for alleviating secondary damage after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Guoming Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.261 Huansha Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qingchun Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
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Yari H, Mikhailova MV, Mardasi M, Jafarzadehgharehziaaddin M, Shahrokh S, Thangavelu L, Ahmadi H, Shomali N, Yaghoubi Y, Zamani M, Akbari M, Alesaeidi S. Emerging role of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs)-derived exosome in neurodegeneration-associated conditions: a groundbreaking cell-free approach. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:423. [PMID: 35986375 PMCID: PMC9389725 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAccumulating proofs signify that pleiotropic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are not allied to their differentiation competencies but rather are mediated mainly by the releases of soluble paracrine mediators, making them a reasonable therapeutic option to enable damaged tissue repair. Due to their unique immunomodulatory and regenerative attributes, the MSC-derived exosomes hold great potential to treat neurodegeneration-associated neurological diseases. Exosome treatment circumvents drawbacks regarding the direct administration of MSCs, such as tumor formation or reduced infiltration and migration to brain tissue. Noteworthy, MSCs-derived exosomes can cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and then efficiently deliver their cargo (e.g., protein, miRNAs, lipid, and mRNA) to damaged brain tissue. These biomolecules influence various biological processes (e.g., survival, proliferation, migration, etc.) in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Various studies have shown that the systemic or local administration of MSCs-derived exosome could lead to the favored outcome in animals with neurodegeneration-associated disease mainly by supporting BBB integrity, eliciting pro-angiogenic effects, attenuating neuroinflammation, and promoting neurogenesis in vivo. In the present review, we will deliver an overview of the therapeutic benefits of MSCs-derived exosome therapy to ameliorate the pathological symptoms of acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease. Also, the underlying mechanism behind these favored effects has been elucidated.
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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Topotecan Reduces Neuron Death after Spinal Cord Injury by Suppressing Caspase-1-Dependent Pyroptosis. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6033-6048. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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MiRNAs as Promising Translational Strategies for Neuronal Repair and Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142177. [PMID: 35883621 PMCID: PMC9318426 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) represents a devastating injury to the central nervous system (CNS) that is responsible for impaired mobility and sensory function in SCI patients. The hallmarks of SCI include neuroinflammation, axonal degeneration, neuronal loss, and reactive gliosis. Current strategies, including stem cell transplantation, have not led to successful clinical therapy. MiRNAs are crucial for the differentiation of neural cell types during CNS development, as well as for pathological processes after neural injury including SCI. This makes them ideal candidates for therapy in this condition. Indeed, several studies have demonstrated the involvement of miRNAs that are expressed differently in CNS injury. In this context, the purpose of the review is to provide an overview of the pre-clinical evidence evaluating the use of miRNA therapy in SCI. Specifically, we have focused our attention on miRNAs that are widely associated with neuronal and axon regeneration. “MiRNA replacement therapy” aims to transfer miRNAs to diseased cells and improve targeting efficacy in the cells, and this new therapeutic tool could provide a promising technique to promote SCI repair and reduce functional deficits.
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Li Y, Lei Z, Ritzel RM, He J, Li H, Choi HMC, Lipinski MM, Wu J. Impairment of autophagy after spinal cord injury potentiates neuroinflammation and motor function deficit in mice. Theranostics 2022; 12:5364-5388. [PMID: 35910787 PMCID: PMC9330534 DOI: 10.7150/thno.72713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a catabolic process that degrades cytoplasmic constituents and organelles in the lysosome, thus serving an important role in cellular homeostasis and protection against insults. We previously reported that defects in autophagy contribute to neuronal cell damage in traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent data from other inflammatory models implicate autophagy in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, with low levels of autophagic flux associated with pro-inflammatory phenotypes. In the present study, we examined the effects of genetically or pharmacologically manipulating autophagy on posttraumatic neuroinflammation and motor function after SCI in mice. Methods: Young adult male C57BL/6, CX3CR1-GFP, autophagy hypomorph Becn1+/- mice, and their wildtype (WT) littermates were subjected to moderate thoracic spinal cord contusion. Neuroinflammation and autophagic flux in the injured spinal cord were assessed using flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and NanoString gene expression analysis. Motor function was evaluated with the Basso Mouse Scale and horizontal ladder test. Lesion volume and spared white matter were evaluated by unbiased stereology. To stimulate autophagy, disaccharide trehalose, or sucrose control, was administered in the drinking water immediately after injury and for up to 6 weeks after SCI. Results: Flow cytometry demonstrated dysregulation of autophagic function in both microglia and infiltrating myeloid cells from the injured spinal cord at 3 days post-injury. Transgenic CX3CR1-GFP mice revealed increased autophagosome formation and inhibition of autophagic flux specifically in activated microglia/macrophages. NanoString analysis using the neuroinflammation panel demonstrated increased expression of proinflammatory genes and decreased expression of genes related to neuroprotection in Becn1+/- mice as compared to WT controls at 3 days post-SCI. These findings were further validated by qPCR, wherein we observed significantly higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Western blot analysis confirmed higher protein expression of the microglia/macrophage marker IBA-1, inflammasome marker, NLRP3, and innate immune response markers cGAS and STING in Becn1+/- mice at 3 day after SCI. Flow cytometry demonstrated that autophagy deficit did not affect either microglial or myeloid counts at 3 days post-injury, instead resulting in increased microglial production of proinflammatory cytokines. Finally, locomotor function showed significantly worse impairments in Becn1+/- mice up to 6 weeks after SCI, which was accompanied by worsening tissue damage. Conversely, treatment with a naturally occurring autophagy inducer trehalose, reduced protein levels of p62, an adaptor protein targeting cargo to autophagosomes as well as the NLRP3, STING, and IBA-1 at 3 days post-injury. Six weeks of trehalose treatment after SCI led to improved motor function recovery as compared to control group, which was accompanied by reduced tissue damage. Conclusions: Our data indicate that inhibition of autophagy after SCI potentiates pro-inflammatory activation in microglia and is associated with worse functional outcomes. Conversely, increasing autophagy with trehalose, decreased inflammation and improved outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of autophagy in spinal cord microglia and its role in secondary injury after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Zhuofan Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Harry M C Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Marta M Lipinski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
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Jiang W, He F, Ding G, Wu J. Topoisomerase 1 inhibition modulates pyroptosis to improve recovery after spinal cord injury. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22294. [PMID: 35579890 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100713rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Excessive neuroinflammation and neuronal loss contribute to mechanisms of spinal cord injury (SCI). Accumulating evidence has suggested that topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibition can suppress exacerbated immune responses and protect against lethal inflammation. Pyroptosis is a recently identified pro-inflammatory programmed mode of cell death. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of Top1 inhibition in SCI remains unclear. Locomotor functional recovery in mice was evaluated through Basso Mouse Scale (BMS). Neuronal loss was evaluated by immunochemistry staining of NeuN. Pyroptosis was determined by immunofluorescence staining, western blot, flow cytometry, cell viability, and cytotoxicity assays. In the present study, we estimated the effects of chemical inhibition of Top1 in an SCI model. Administration of Top1 inhibitor camptothecin (CPT) to mice significantly improved locomotor functional recovery after SCI. Moreover, CPT reduced Top1 level, inhibited nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and pyroptosis, attenuated proinflammatory cytokines levels, diminished the number of neutrophil and neuronal loss in mice. Furthermore, CPT in oxygen-glucose deprivation neurons down-regulated Top1 level, attenuated NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and suppressed pyroptosis and inflammatory response. Together, our findings indicate that inhibition of Top1 with CPT can inhibit pyroptosis, control neuroinflammation, and improve functional recovery after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoming Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junsong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Huang Y, Li S, Chen H, Feng L, Yuan W, Han T. Butorphanol reduces the neuronal inflammatory response and apoptosis via inhibition of p38/JNK/ATF2/p53 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:229. [PMID: 35222706 PMCID: PMC8815053 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yingsi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Suhua Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Huaxin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Long Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Weixiu Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hainan Hospital of The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, P.R. China
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Depleted histone deacetylase 3 or restored microRNA-19b-1-5p facilitates recovery of spinal cord injury via inactivating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Genomics 2021; 114:110262. [PMID: 34971719 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We intended to discuss the influence of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) on spinal cord injury (SCI) by regulating microRNA-19b-1-5p (miR-19b-1-5p) and janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway. In a rat model, the role of HDAC3 and miR-19b-1-5p in SCI was identified through detecting motor function, serum inflammation, pathological damage, cell apoptosis and GFAP expression. Also, by measuring GFAP expression and migration of spinal cord astrocytes, the effects of HDAC3 and miR-19b-1-5p in SCI were identified in vitro. Restoration of miR-19b-1-5p or depletion of HDAC3 attenuated motor function, inflammation, pathological damage and apoptosis, and reduced GFAP expression in the spinal cord tissue of SCI rats. Up-regulating miR-19b-1-5p or down-regulating HDAC3 decreased migration and GFAP expression of injured astrocytes. Our study presents that down-regulated HDAC3 can facilitate the recovery of SCI via inhibiting the activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway by up-regulating miR-19b-1-5p.
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Advanced approaches to regenerate spinal cord injury: The development of cell and tissue engineering therapy and combinational treatments. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112529. [PMID: 34906773 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a central nervous system (CNS) devastate event that is commonly caused by traumatic or non-traumatic events. The reinnervation of spinal cord axons is hampered through a myriad of devices counting on the damaged myelin, inflammation, glial scar, and defective inhibitory molecules. Unfortunately, an effective treatment to completely repair SCI and improve functional recovery has not been found. In this regard, strategies such as using cells, biomaterials, biomolecules, and drugs have been reported to be effective for SCI recovery. Furthermore, recent advances in combinatorial treatments, which address various aspects of SCI pathophysiology, provide optimistic outcomes for spinal cord regeneration. According to the global importance of SCI, the goal of this article review is to provide an overview of the pathophysiology of SCI, with an emphasis on the latest modes of intervention and current advanced approaches for the treatment of SCI, in conjunction with an assessment of combinatorial approaches in preclinical and clinical trials. So, this article can give scientists and clinicians' clues to help them better understand how to construct preclinical and clinical studies that could lead to a breakthrough in spinal cord regeneration.
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Downregulated KIF3B Induced by miR-605-3p Inhibits the Progression of Colon Cancer via Inactivating Wnt/ β-Catenin. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5046981. [PMID: 34422048 PMCID: PMC8373513 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5046981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is a common malignant disease with high morbidity and mortality, and miRNA dysfunction has been confirmed as an important reason for cancer development. Several studies have verified miR-605-3p as a tumor inhibitor while its roles in colon cancer remain uncertain. In this study, the specimen of the patients and the cell lines of colon cancer were used to observe the expression of miR-605-3p, and the CCK-8, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry assay were used to observe the functions of miR-605-3p in colon cancer cells. The downstream factors of miR-605-3p were predicted by TargetScan and then were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, western blot was used to investigate the effect of miR-605-3p on Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway. The result showed that miR-605-3p was extremely downregulated in the pathological tissues and tumor cells, and miR-605-3p could effectively induce the apoptosis and impede the proliferation and invasion of the tumor cells. It was found that KIF3B was a target of KIF3B; decreased KIF3B could reverse the effects of miR-605-3p on colon cancer. Besides, the inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway was also observed in colon cells when miR-605-3p was upregulated, and the phenomenon could be rescued by KIF3B upregulation. In conclusion, miR-605-3p could inactivate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway induced via promoting KIF3B expression.
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Ciesielska S, Slezak-Prochazka I, Bil P, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Micro RNAs in Regulation of Cellular Redox Homeostasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6022. [PMID: 34199590 PMCID: PMC8199685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In living cells Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) participate in intra- and inter-cellular signaling and all cells contain specific systems that guard redox homeostasis. These systems contain both enzymes which may produce ROS such as NADPH-dependent and other oxidases or nitric oxide synthases, and ROS-neutralizing enzymes such as catalase, peroxiredoxins, thioredoxins, thioredoxin reductases, glutathione reductases, and many others. Most of the genes coding for these enzymes contain sequences targeted by micro RNAs (miRNAs), which are components of RNA-induced silencing complexes and play important roles in inhibiting translation of their targeted messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In this review we describe miRNAs that directly target and can influence enzymes responsible for scavenging of ROS and their possible role in cellular redox homeostasis. Regulation of antioxidant enzymes aims to adjust cells to survive in unstable oxidative environments; however, sometimes seemingly paradoxical phenomena appear where oxidative stress induces an increase in the levels of miRNAs which target genes which are supposed to neutralize ROS and therefore would be expected to decrease antioxidant levels. Here we show examples of such cellular behaviors and discuss the possible roles of miRNAs in redox regulatory circuits and further cell responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ciesielska
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | | | - Patryk Bil
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Joanna Rzeszowska-Wolny
- Department of Systems Biology and Engineering, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (P.B.); (J.R.-W.)
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
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Yan W, Zhang Y, Hu L, Li Q, Zhou H. Febuxostat Inhibits MPP+-Induced Inflammatory Response Through Inhibiting the JNK/NF-κB Pathway in Astrocytes. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:566-574. [PMID: 33443645 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00316-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease lacking effective clinical therapies. It is reported that astrocyte-associated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are involved in the pathological mechanism of PD. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of febuxostat against 1 methyl 4 phenyl pyridine (MPP+)-induced injury on primary astrocytes to highlight the potential therapeutic property of febuxostat in PD.MPP+ was used to induce an in vitro PD model in primary rat astrocytes. The levels of ROS and intracellularly reduced GSH were determined using DCFH-DA assay and a commercial GSH kit, respectively. MTT and LDH release assays were utilized to evaluate the cell viability of astrocytes. The expressions of IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, MMP-2, and MMP-9 in the astrocytes were detected using qRT-PCR and ELISA assays. QRT-PCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine the expression levels of GFAP in astrocytes. The expression of p-JNK and nuclear levels of NF-κB p65 were evaluated using Western blot analysis. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was measured using the luciferase activity assay.Firstly, the elevated levels of ROS and decreased levels of intracellularly reduced GSH in primary astrocytes induced by MPP+ were significantly ameliorated by febuxostat. Secondly, treatment with febuxostat rescued MPP+-induced reduction in cell viability and increased LDH release. Thirdly, febuxostat alleviated MPP+-induced inflammatory responses in astrocytes by reducing the expressions of IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α, GFAP, MMP-2, and MMP-9. Importantly, we found that febuxostat mitigated activation of the JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65.Febuxostat attenuated MPP+-induced inflammatory response by suppressing the JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Nanhu District, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314033, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Nanhu District, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314033, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Nanhu District, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314033, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Nanhu District, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Jiaxing, 314033, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Therapeutic potential of stem cells for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:1073-1101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Liu J, Peng L, Li J. The Lipoxin A4 Receptor Agonist BML-111 Alleviates Inflammatory Injury and Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injury. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e919883. [PMID: 31971927 PMCID: PMC6996263 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a high incidence and causes serious harm. Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) receptor agonist BML-111 was reported to regulate inflammation and oxidative stress. The goal of this study was to assess whether BML-111 could protect against SCI by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Material/Methods We developed a rat SCI model, then BML-111 was intraperitoneally injected into SCI rats to observe the BML-111 function. The pathological changes of SCI were observed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Motor function of rats were assessed by the modified Tarlov’s scale. ELISA was used to assess the changes in levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Western blot analysis was performed to assess the expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved caspase3 in spinal cord tissue. TOS and TAS in rat serum were detected by xylenol orange method and ABTS method, respectively. The apoptotic cells in spinal cord tissue were observed with TUNEL assay. Results The results indicated that BML-111 effectively improved the SCI and motor function of rats. BML-111 treatment decreased the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum and spinal cord tissue, as well as decreasing the levels of TOS and TAS and cell apoptosis. Conclusions BML-111 alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress in SCI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing, China (mainland)
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Current Agents and Related Therapeutic Targets for Inflammation After Acute Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. World Neurosurg 2019; 132:138-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Zhou L, Ouyang L, Chen K, Wang X. Research progress on KIF3B and related diseases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:492. [PMID: 31700928 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.08.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Kinesins constitute a protein superfamily that belongs to the motor protein group. Kinesins move along microtubules to exert their various functions, which include intracellular transportation, mitosis, and cell formation. Kinesins are responsible for the transport of various membrane organelles, protein complexes, mRNA and other material, as well as the regulation of intracellular molecular signal pathways. Cumulative studies have also indicated that kinesins are related to the development of a variety of human diseases. At present, there are 14 subfamilies of the kinesin superfamily (KIFs), comprising 45 members. KIF3 is the most common expression in KIFs. KIF3 is a complex composed of a KIF3A/3B heterodimer and a kinesin-related protein, known as KAP3. These complexes are organelles and protein complexes involved in membrane binding in various tissues and transport within cells (nerve cells, melanocytes, epithelial cells, etc.). As a member of the KIF3 subfamily, KIF3B is an essential protein that can regulate cell migration, and proliferation and has critical biological functions. During mitosis, KIF3B is responsible for vesicle transport and membrane expansion, thus regulating cell migration. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the relationship between KIF3B and the occurrence and development of diseases. This article reviews the recent advances in the study of KIF3B and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - Lian Ouyang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - Keying Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo 315700, China
| | - Xucan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangshan First People's Hospital, Ningbo 315700, China
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Intraspinal administration of interleukin-7 promotes neuronal apoptosis and limits functional recovery through JAK/STAT5 pathway following spinal cord injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:1023-1029. [PMID: 31068251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been previously reported that the blockade of interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) promotes functional recovery following spinal cord injury (SCI), however, the direct function and molecular mechanism of IL-7 involved in this pathogenic process are unclear. Here, we report that, contrary to IL-7R blockade, the intraspinal administration of IL-7 limits functional recovery following SCI. In addition, IL-7 treatment promotes neuronal apoptosis in spinal cord lesions, which may be attributed to exacerbated focal inflammatory response, as shown by increased accumulation of activated microglia/macrophage and production of proinflammatory mediators. Moreover, IL-7 treatment activates JAK/STAT5 pathway following SCI. At last, more importantly, the pharmacological inhibition of STAT5 abrogates the effects of IL-7 treatment on functional recovery, neuronal apoptosis and focal inflammatory response, suggesting that the effects of IL-7 treatment following SCI are dependent on activating the JAK/STAT5 pathway. Overall, this study reveals the JAK/STAT5 pathway-dependent detrimental role of IL-7 following SCI, and also implies that targeting the IL-7/JAK/STAT5 axis may represent a potential therapeutic approach for SCI treatment.
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22
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Spinal cord stimulation postconditioning reduces microglial activation through down-regulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation during spinal cord ischemic reperfusion in rabbits. Neuroreport 2019; 29:1180-1187. [PMID: 29994810 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Microglial activation plays a critical role in spinal cord ischemic reperfusion injury. Spinal cord stimulation preconditioning and postconditioning has shown spinal cord protection in ischemic reperfusion injury in animal studies. However, whether spinal cord stimulation could reduce microglial activation is still unclear. In this study, rabbits experienced 28-min infrarenal aorta occlusion and reperfusion for 8 h, 1, 3, and 7 days correspondingly. Immediately after reperfusion, rabbits received spinal cord stimulation of 2 or 50 Hz for 30 min and daily for a week. The results showed that spinal cord stimulation of 2 Hz reduced microglial activation. Microglial activation was accompanied with up-regulated p-ERK1/2, and microglial inhibition by 2 Hz spinal cord stimulation was associated with down-regulated p-ERK1/2. Spinal cord stimulation increased the expression of IL-1β. Our results revealed, for the first time, that spinal cord stimulation postconditioning suppresses microglial activation during spinal cord ischemic reperfusion by down-regulation of p-ERK1/2, which may be the protective mechanism of spinal cord stimulation.
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23
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Li X, Lou X, Xu S, Wang Q, Shen M, Miao J. Knockdown of miR-372 Inhibits Nerve Cell Apoptosis Induced by Spinal Cord Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Enhancing Autophagy by Up-regulating Beclin-1. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 66:437-444. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Xu L, Botchway BOA, Zhang S, Zhou J, Liu X. Inhibition of NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Resveratrol Improves Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:690. [PMID: 30337851 PMCID: PMC6180204 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can have a significant impact on an individual’s life. Herein, we discuss how resveratrol improves SCI by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway. Evidences show resveratrol suppresses NF-κB signaling pathway to exert its beneficial effects on various diseases. NF-κB signaling pathway plays a significant role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of SCI including increase in inflammation, augmentation of damage caused by free radicals and lipid peroxidation as well as facilitation of apoptosis and axonal demyelination. We also discuss mechanisms between resveratrol and NF-κB signaling pathway in the wake of SCI, which can be potential targets for resveratrol to treat SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Xu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Songou Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jingying Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xuehong Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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Zhou HJ, Wang LQ, Wang DB, Yu JB, Zhu Y, Xu QS, Zheng XJ, Zhan RY. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 contributes to inflammatory response of microglia following spinal cord injury via the modulation of a miR-199b/IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C52-C61. [PMID: 29631367 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00278.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) was widely recognized to be implicated in human cancer, vascular diseases, and neurological disorders. This study was to explore the role and underlying mechanism of MALAT1 in acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). ASCI models in adult rats were established and demonstrated by a numerical decrease in BBB scores. Expression profile of MALAT1 and miR-199b following ASCI in rats and in vitro was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. RNA pull-down assays combined with RIP assays were performed to explore the interaction between MALAT1 and miR-199b. In the present study, MALAT1 expression was significantly increased (2.4-fold that of control) in the spinal cord of the rat contusion epicenter accompanied by activation of IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway and an increase in the level of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. Upon treatment with LPS, MALAT1 expression dramatically increased in the microglia in vitro, but knockdown of MALAT1 attenuated LPS-induced activation of MGs and TNF-α and IL-1β production. Next, we confirmed that LPS-induced MALAT1 activated IKKβ/NF-κB signaling pathway and promoted the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β through downregulating miR-199b. More importantly, MALAT1 knockdown gradually improved the hindlimb locomotor activity of ASCI rats as well as inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β levels, and Iba-1 protein, the marker of activated microglia in injured spinal cords. Our study demonstrated that MALAT1 was dysregulated in ASCI rats and in LPS-activated MGs, and MALAT1 knockdown was expected to attenuate ASCI through repressing inflammatory response of MGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Jun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Duan-Bu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Bo Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Sheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Jue Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ren-Ya Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lin Z, Lu Y, Meng Q, Wang C, Li X, Yang Y, Xin X, Zheng Q, Xu J, Gui X, Li T, Pu H, Xiong W, Li J, Jia S, Lu D. miR372 Promotes Progression of Liver Cancer Cells by Upregulating erbB-2 through Enhancement of YB-1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2018; 11:494-507. [PMID: 29858084 PMCID: PMC5992473 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are known to be involved in carcinogenesis. Recently, microRNA-372 (miR372) has been proven to play a substantial role in several human cancers, but its functions in liver cancer remain unclear. Herein, our results demonstrate that miR372 accelerates growth of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, miR372 enhances expression of Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) by targeting for phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) directly and consequently promotes phosphorylation of YB-1 via HULC looping dependent on ERK1/2 and PTEN. In particular, HULC knockdown or PTEN overexpression abrogated this miR372 action. Moreover, miR372 inhibits the degradation of β-catenin dependent on phosphorylation of YB-1 and then enhances the expression and activity of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2) by β-catenin-LEF/TCF4 pathway. Furthermore, the loading of LEF/TCF4 on PKM2 promoter region was significantly increased in miR372 overexpressing Hep3B, and thus, glycolytic proton efflux rate (glycoPER) was significantly increased in rLV-miR372 group compared to the rLV group. Moreover, β-catenin knockdown abrogates this function of miR372. Ultimately, miR372 promotes the expression of erbB-2 through PKM2-pH3T11-acetylation on histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9Ac) pathway. Of significance, both YB-1 knockdown and erbB-2 knockdown abrogate oncogenic action of miR372. Our observations suggest that miR372 promotes liver cancer cell cycle progress by activating cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2)-cyclin E-P21/Cip1 complex through miR372-YB-1-β-catenin-LEF/TCF4-PKM2-erbB-2 axis. This study elucidates a novel mechanism for miR372 in liver cancer cells and suggests that miR372 can be used as a novel therapeutic target of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuojia Lin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanan Lu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qiuyu Meng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoru Xin
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qidi Zheng
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xin Gui
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hu Pu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wujun Xiong
- Department of Hepatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Song Jia
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dongdong Lu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Chen Y, Zhao Y, Chen W, Xie L, Zhao ZA, Yang J, Chen Y, Lei W, Shen Z. MicroRNA-133 overexpression promotes the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells on acute myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:268. [PMID: 29178928 PMCID: PMC5702098 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Our study aim was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of miR-133-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on acute myocardial infarction. Methods Rat MSCs were isolated and purified by whole bone marrow adherent culturing. After transfection with the agomir or antagomir of miR-133, MSCs were collected for assay of cell vitality, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression. At the same time, exosomes were isolated from the supernatant to analyze the paracrine miR-133. For in-vivo studies, constitutive activation of miR-133 in MSCs was achieved by lentivirus-mediated miR-133 overexpression. A rat myocardial infarction model was created by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery, while control MSCs (vector-MSCs) or miR-133-overexpressed MSCs (miR-133-MSCs) were injected into the zone around the myocardial infarction. Subsequently, myocardial function was evaluated by echocardiography on days 7 and 28 post infarction. Finally the infarcted hearts were collected on days 7 and 28 for myocardial infarct size measurement and detection of snail 1 expression. Results Hypoxia-induced apoptosis of MSCs obviously reduced, along with enhanced expression of total poly ADP-ribose polymerase protein, after miR-133 agomir transfection, while the apoptosis rate increased in MSCs transfected with miR-133 antagomir. However, no change in cell viability and cell-cycle distribution was observed in control, miR-133-overexpressed, and miR-133-interfered MSCs. Importantly, rats transplanted with miR-133-MSCs displayed more improved cardiac function after acute myocardial infarction, compared with those that received vector-MSC injection. Further studies indicated that cardiac expression of snail 1 was significantly repressed by adjacent miR-133-overexpressing MSCs, and both the inflammatory level and the infarct size decreased in miR-133-MSC-injected rat hearts. Conclusions miR-133-MSCs obviously improved cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Transplantation of miR-133-overexpressing MSCs provides an effective strategy for cardiac repair and modulation of cardiac-related diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0722-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqiu Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China.,Nantong First People's Hospital, 226001, North Rd, Haier alley, Nantong, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Lincen Xie
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ao Zhao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Yihuan Chen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei Lei
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China.
| | - Zhenya Shen
- Institute for Cardiovascular Science & Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of The First Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, 215007, 708 Renmin Rd, Bldg 1, Suzhou, China.
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