1
|
Prunell-Castañé A, Beyer F, Witte V, Sánchez Garre C, Hernán I, Caldú X, Jurado MÁ, Garolera M. From the reward network to whole-brain metrics: structural connectivity in adolescents and young adults according to body mass index and genetic risk of obesity. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:567-574. [PMID: 38145996 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01451-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a multifactorial condition. Genetic variants, such as the fat mass and obesity related gene (FTO) polymorphism, may increase the vulnerability of developing obesity by disrupting dopamine signaling within the reward network. Yet, the association of obesity, genetic risk of obesity, and structural connectivity of the reward network in adolescents and young adults remains unexplored. We investigate, in adolescents and young adults, the structural connectivity differences in the reward network and at the whole-brain level according to body mass index (BMI) and the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism. METHODS One hundred thirty-two adolescents and young adults (age range: [10, 21] years, BMI z-score range: [-1.76, 2.69]) were included. Genetic risk of obesity was determined by the presence of the FTO A allele. Whole-brain and reward network structural connectivity were analyzed using graph metrics. Hierarchical linear regression was applied to test the association between BMI-z, genetic risk of obesity, and structural connectivity. RESULTS Higher BMI-z was associated with higher (B = 0.76, 95% CI = [0.30, 1.21], P = 0.0015) and lower (B = -0.003, 95% CI = [-0.006, -0.00005], P = 0.048) connectivity strength for fractional anisotropy at the whole-brain level and of the reward network, respectively. The FTO polymorphism was not associated with structural connectivity nor with BMI-z. CONCLUSIONS We provide evidence that, in healthy adolescents and young adults, higher BMI-z is associated with higher connectivity at the whole-brain level and lower connectivity of the reward network. We did not find the FTO polymorphism to correlate with structural connectivity. Future longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess how genetic determinants of obesity change brain structural connectivity and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prunell-Castañé
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Frauke Beyer
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Veronica Witte
- Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Consuelo Sánchez Garre
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imma Hernán
- Molecular Genetics Unit, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain
| | - Xavier Caldú
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Jurado
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 171, 08035, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Maite Garolera
- Brain, Cognition and Behavior: Clinical Research, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropsychology Unit, Hospital de Terrassa, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mier-Mota J, Ponce-González JG, Perez-Bey A, Cabanas-Sánchez V, Veiga-Núñez O, Santiago-Dorrego C, Gómez-Gallego F, Castro-Piñero J. Longitudinal effects of FTO gene polymorphism on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents. "The UP & DOWN study". Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:2261-2272. [PMID: 37647022 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of polymorphism rs9939609 of the FTO gene has been related with fat mass and cardiovascular risk in adults, but it remains unclear in children and adolescents. Hence, the main aim of this study was to determine the FTO polymorphism effects on body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical activity (PA), inflammatory markers, and cardiovascular risk both in cross-sectional analysis and after two-years of follow-up in children and adolescents. A total of 2129 participants were included in this study. The rs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped. Body composition measurements, CRF, and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) were determined at baseline and after two-year of follow-up. Moreover, plasma leptin and adiponectin were also determined as inflammatory markers. Furthermore, an index of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRF-I) was calculated. Codominant (TT vs. TA vs. AA) and dominant (AA+AT vs. TT) models were applied for statistical analysis. The results showed a main effect of the FTO genotype on body composition measures in both first and third year (p < 0.05), with lower adiposity in TT compared with AA or AA+AT group. These differences were maintained after accounting for pubertal maturity, sex, age, VO2 max, and MVPA. Moreover, lower leptin level was observed in TT compared to AA+AT group in the third year. An interaction in Gene*Time*Sex was found in height and neck circumference in dominant model (p = 0.047; p = 0.020, respectively). No differences were found in CRF, MVPA nor CVDRF-I between groups. Hence, homozygous TT allele could be a protective factor against weight gain from early childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús G Ponce-González
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta Del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Alejandro Perez-Bey
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta Del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Food Institute. CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oscar Veiga-Núñez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Santiago-Dorrego
- Faculty of Physical Activity, Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Gómez-Gallego
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Castro-Piñero
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta Del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
- GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, School of Education, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dos Santos K, Rosado EL, da Fonseca ACP, Belfort GP, da Silva LBG, Ribeiro-Alves M, Zembrzuski VM, Campos M, Zajdenverg L, Drehmer M, Martínez JA, Saunders C. A Pilot Study of Dietetic, Phenotypic, and Genotypic Features Influencing Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy in Women with Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051104. [PMID: 37240750 DOI: 10.3390/life13051104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbimortality. Dietetic, phenotypic, and genotypic factors influencing HDP were analyzed during a nutrigenetic trial in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2016-2020). Pregnant women with pregestational diabetes mellitus (n = 70) were randomly assigned to a traditional or DASH diet group. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured during prenatal visits and HDP were diagnosed using international criteria. Phenotypic data were obtained from medical records and personal interviews. Genotyping for FTO and ADRB2 polymorphisms used RT-PCR. Linear mixed-effect models and time-to-event analyses were performed. The variables with significant effect on the risk for progression to HDP were: black skin color (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 8.63, p = 0.01), preeclampsia in previous pregnancy (aHR 11.66, p < 0.01), SBP ≥ 114 mmHg in the third trimester (aHR 5.56, p 0.04), DBP ≥ 70 mmHg in the first trimester (aHR 70.15, p = 0.03), mean blood pressure > 100 mmHg (aHR 18.42, p = 0.03), and HbA1c ≥ 6.41% in the third trimester (aHR 4.76, p = 0.03). Dietetic and genotypic features had no significant effect on the outcome, although there was limited statistical power to test both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco J 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 296, Prédio 2, 3° Andar, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Eliane Lopes Rosado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco J 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Proença da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Genética Humana, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Pinto Belfort
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco J 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Escola de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Pasteur, 296, Prédio 2, 3° Andar, Rio de Janeiro 22290-240, Brazil
| | - Letícia Barbosa Gabriel da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco J 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Verônica Marques Zembrzuski
- Laboratório de Genética Humana, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Mario Campos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Lenita Zajdenverg
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco K, 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Michele Drehmer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Alimentação, Nutrição e Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2400, Porto Alegre 90035-003, Brazil
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Program, IMDEA Food Institute (Instituto Madrileño de Estudos Avanzados en Alimentación), Crta. de Canto Blanco, n 8, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cláudia Saunders
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373-Bloco J 2° Andar, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stillman CM, Jakicic JM, Rogers RJ, Roecklein KA, Barrett G, Kang C, Erickson KI. The relationship between fat mass and obesity associated gene polymorphism rs9939609 and resting cerebral blood flow in a midlife sample with overweight and obesity. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:904545. [PMID: 36072887 PMCID: PMC9443082 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.904545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9939609 in the fat mass and obesity associated fat mass and obesity associated gene (FTO) gene has been linked with increased BMI in adults. Higher BMI has been associated with poor brain health and may exert deleterious effects on neurocognitive health through cerebral hypoperfusion. However, it is unclear if there is a relationship between the FTO genotype and cerebral perfusion, or whether FTO genotype moderates the effects of weight loss on cerebral perfusion. Using data from a randomized controlled behavioral weight loss trial in adults with overweight and obesity, we tested (1) whether carriers of the A allele for FTO rs9939609 demonstrate different patterns of resting cerebral blood flow (rCBF) compared to T carriers, and (2) whether the FTO genotype moderates the effects of weight loss on rCBF. We hypothesized that carriers of the A allele would exhibit lower resting CBF in frontal brain areas compared to T/T homozygotes at baseline, and that intervention-induced weight loss may partially remediate these differences.Methods and resultsOne hundred and five adults (75.2% female, mean age 44.9 years) with overweight or obesity were included in the analyses. These participants represent a subsample of participants in a larger randomized controlled trial (NCT01500356). A resting pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) scan was acquired to examine rCBF. Age, sex, and BMI were included as covariates. At baseline, A carriers had greater rCBF in a diffuse cluster extending into the brainstem, motor cortex, and occipital lobe, but lower perfusion in the temporal lobe. We found no evidence that FTO moderated the effect of the intervention group assignment on rCBF changes.ConclusionOverall, these results indicate that (a) individual variation in rCBF within a sample with overweight and obesity may be attributed to a common FTO variant, but (b) a weight loss intervention is effective at increasing rCBF, regardless of FTO genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea M. Stillman
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Chelsea M. Stillman,
| | - John M. Jakicic
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | | | - Kathryn A. Roecklein
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Grant Barrett
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chaeryon Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- PROFITH “PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity” Research Group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Neuroscience Institute, Orlando, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hubacek JA, Hruba P, Adamkova V, Pokorna E, Viklicky O. Apolipoprotein L1 variability is associated with increased risk of renal failure in the Czech population. Gene X 2022; 818:146248. [PMID: 35085711 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD5) more prevalent in the Czech Republic than in most European countries, genetic susceptibility is potentially implicated. METHODS In a group of 1489 CKD5 kidney transplantation patients (93% with complete clinical characteristics; mean age 52.0 years, 37% females) and 2559 healthy controls (mean age 49.0 years, 51% females), we examined the prevalence of six APOL1 SNPs (rs73885319, rs71785313, rs13056427, rs136147, rs10854688 and rs9610473) and one newly detected 55-nucleotide insertion/deletion polymorphism. RESULTS The rs73885319 and rs71785313 variants were monomorphic in the Czech Caucasian population. Genotype frequencies of the three SNPs examined (rs13056427, rs136147 and rs9610473) were almost identical in patients and controls (all P values were between 0.39 and 0.91). Minor homozygotes of rs10854688 were more common between the patients (13.2%) than in controls (10.7%) (OR [95% CI]; 1.32 [1.08-1.64]; P < 0.01). Prevalence of the newly detected 55-bp APOL1 deletion was significantly higher in CKD5 patients (3.0% vs. 1.7%; OR [95% CI]; 1.80 [1.16-2.80]; P < 0.01) compared to controls. Frequencies of some individual APOL1 haplotypes were borderline different between patients and controls. CONCLUSION We found an association between rs10854688 SNP within the APOL1 gene and end-stage renal disease in the Czech Caucasian population. Further independent studies are required before a conclusive association between the newly detected APOL1 insertion/deletion polymorphism and CKD5 can be confirmed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav A Hubacek
- Experimental Medicine Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petra Hruba
- Transplant Laboratory, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vera Adamkova
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Pokorna
- Transplantation Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Viklicky
- Transplant Laboratory, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Nephrology, Transplantation Centre, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
San-Cristobal R, de Toro-Martín J, Vohl MC. Appraisal of Gene-Environment Interactions in GWAS for Evidence-Based Precision Nutrition Implementation. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:563-573. [PMID: 35948824 PMCID: PMC9750926 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00430-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to analyse the currently reported gene-environment (G × E) interactions in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), involving environmental factors such as lifestyle and dietary habits related to metabolic syndrome phenotypes. For this purpose, the present manuscript reviews the available GWAS registered on the GWAS Catalog reporting the interaction between environmental factors and metabolic syndrome traits. RECENT FINDINGS Advances in omics-related analytical and computational approaches in recent years have led to a better understanding of the biological processes underlying these G × E interactions. A total of 42 GWAS were analysed, reporting over 300 loci interacting with environmental factors. Alcohol consumption, sleep time, smoking habit and physical activity were the most studied environmental factors with significant G × E interactions. The implementation of more comprehensive GWAS will provide a better understanding of the metabolic processes that determine individual responses to environmental exposures and their association with the development of chronic diseases such as obesity and the metabolic syndrome. This will facilitate the development of precision approaches for better prevention, management and treatment of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo San-Cristobal
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, Santé Et Société (NUTRISS), Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Juan de Toro-Martín
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, Santé Et Société (NUTRISS), Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre Nutrition, Santé Et Société (NUTRISS), Institut Sur La Nutrition Et Les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Leite LCG, Dos Santos MC, Duarte NE, Horimoto ARVR, Crispim F, Vieira Filho JPB, Dal Fabbro AL, Franco LJ, Moises RS. Association of fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs9939609 with obesity-related traits and glucose intolerance in an indigenous population, the Xavante. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102358. [PMID: 34920192 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Common variants in fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been implicated as a susceptibility locus for obesity and type 2 diabetes in different populations. Here, in an indigenous population-based study, we examined whether FTO rs9939609 has a role in susceptibility to glucose intolerance and obesity. METHODS The study population comprised 949 full Xavante indigenous people (465 men) aged 18-99 years. The participants were submitted to clinical examination, anthropometrical measures and basal and 2-h post 75g oral glucose load capillary glucose measurements. FTO rs9939609 was genotyped and logistic regression was carried out to test the additive effect of the risk allele. RESULTS The frequency of the minor allele of the FTO rs9939609 (0.06) was lower in Xavante than observed in some populations. A significant association between the variant and overweight was observed (OR = 1.56 (95% CI:1.06-2.29, p = 0.02), using an additive model of inheritance, adjusted by age and gender and considering the family structure. We found no associations with obesity or glucose intolerance. CONCLUSIONS The FTO rs9939609 is associated with overweight, but not with obesity or glucose intolerance. The low frequency of the A allele suggests that it is not an important risk determinant for these conditions in Xavante indigenous people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanna C G Leite
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcia C Dos Santos
- Division of Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde,Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Nubia E Duarte
- Departamento de Matemáticas y Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
| | - Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Felipe Crispim
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo B Vieira Filho
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amaury L Dal Fabbro
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Laércio J Franco
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Regina S Moises
- Division of Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Boiko AS, Pozhidaev IV, Paderina DZ, Bocharova AV, Mednova IA, Fedorenko OY, Kornetova EG, Loonen AJM, Semke AV, Bokhan NA, Ivanova SA. Search for Possible Associations of FTO Gene Polymorphic Variants with Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity and Body Mass Index in Schizophrenia Patients. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:1123-1131. [PMID: 34522123 PMCID: PMC8434933 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s327353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by abdominal obesity, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. FTO gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, but the available scientific data concerning their relationship to antipsychotic drug-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome is still incomplete and inconsistent, which indicates that continuing the investigation of this gene’s role is necessary. Patients and Methods In the present study, 517 patients with schizophrenia underwent antipsychotic drug treatment, and two groups were identified: patients with MetS and without MetS. Genotyping of 6 SNPs in the FTO gene was performed, and the results analyzed using R-programme. Results We performed a statistical analysis to identify possible associations of the frequencies of genotypes and alleles of the studied polymorphisms with the presence of metabolic syndrome in schizophrenia patients, with the presence of abdominal obesity, and with an increased body mass index. The rs7185735 polymorphism did not meet the Hardy-Weinberg criterion and was excluded. After correcting for differences in age, gender and duration of illnesses, none of the variants was shown to be related to metabolic syndrome or abdominal obesity, but rs9939609, rs1421085, rs3751812 and rs8050136 were associated with body mass index. Conclusion The present study provides additional support for these SNP’s roles as a pharmacogenetic biomarker that may become useful in the framework of the personalized medicine approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia S Boiko
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V Pozhidaev
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Diana Z Paderina
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Bocharova
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics, Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A Mednova
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Yu Fedorenko
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Elena G Kornetova
- Endogenous Disorders Department, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,University Hospital, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anton J M Loonen
- Unit of Pharmacotherapy, Epidemiology & Economics, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arkadiy V Semke
- Endogenous Disorders Department, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay A Bokhan
- Addictive Disorders Department, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Psychiatry, Addiction Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Department, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana A Ivanova
- Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry Laboratory, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russian Federation.,Psychiatry, Addiction Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Department, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hines O, Diaz-Ordaz K, Vansteelandt S, Jamshidi Y. Causal graphs for the analysis of genetic cohort data. Physiol Genomics 2020; 52:369-378. [PMID: 32687429 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00115.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing availability of genetic cohort data has led to many genome-wide association studies (GWAS) successfully identifying genetic associations with an ever-expanding list of phenotypic traits. Association, however, does not imply causation, and therefore methods have been developed to study the issue of causality. Under additional assumptions, Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have proved popular in identifying causal effects between two phenotypes, often using GWAS summary statistics. Given the widespread use of these methods, it is more important than ever to understand, and communicate, the causal assumptions upon which they are based, so that methods are transparent, and findings are clinically relevant. Causal graphs can be used to represent causal assumptions graphically and provide insights into the limitations associated with different analysis methods. Here we review GWAS and MR from a causal perspective, to build up intuition for causal diagrams in genetic problems. We also examine issues of confounding by ancestry and comment on approaches for dealing with such confounding, as well as discussing approaches for dealing with selection biases arising from study design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hines
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karla Diaz-Ordaz
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stijn Vansteelandt
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yalda Jamshidi
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Association between impulsivity traits and body mass index at the observational and genetic epidemiology level. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17583. [PMID: 31772290 PMCID: PMC6879509 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53922-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the association between impulsivity related traits and BMI at the observational and genetic epidemiology level in a cross-sectional population of healthy young American-European adults. We studied 998 students and university staff of European ancestry recruited from Chicago (Illinois) and Athens (Georgia). We measured 14 impulsivity variables using three broad categories: impulsive choice, action and personality. Weight and height of participants were measured by research assistants. The single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3751812 in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene was genotyped using the Illumina PsychArray BeadChip platform. Within the three broad domains of impulsivity, 4 parameters (delay discounting of rewards area under the curve and average of k indexes, Conner's continuous performance test, and negative urgency) were associated with BMI. The FTO rs3751812 minor allele T was associated with higher BMI. Of the 14 impulsivity variables, rs3751812 T was associated with more premeditation and perseverance, before and after adjusting for BMI. The association between FTO rs3751812 and BMI adjusted for premeditation remained significant, but disappeared after adjusting for perseverance and for both perseverance and premeditation traits. Our observational and genetic data indicate a complex pattern of association between impulsive behaviors and BMI in healthy young American-European adults.
Collapse
|
11
|
|