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Tung LT, Wang H, Belle JI, Petrov JC, Langlais D, Nijnik A. p53-dependent induction of P2X7 on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells regulates hematopoietic response to genotoxic stress. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:923. [PMID: 34625535 PMCID: PMC8501024 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Stem and progenitor cells are the main mediators of tissue renewal and repair, both under homeostatic conditions and in response to physiological stress and injury. Hematopoietic system is responsible for the regeneration of blood and immune cells and is maintained by bone marrow-resident hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Hematopoietic system is particularly susceptible to injury in response to genotoxic stress, resulting in the risk of bone marrow failure and secondary malignancies in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. Here we analyze the in vivo transcriptional response of HSPCs to genotoxic stress in a mouse whole-body irradiation model and, together with p53 ChIP-Seq and studies in p53-knockout (p53KO) mice, characterize the p53-dependent and p53-independent branches of this transcriptional response. Our work demonstrates the p53-independent induction of inflammatory transcriptional signatures in HSPCs in response to genotoxic stress and identifies multiple novel p53-target genes induced in HSPCs in response to whole-body irradiation. In particular, we establish the direct p53-mediated induction of P2X7 expression on HSCs and HSPCs in response to genotoxic stress. We further demonstrate the role of P2X7 in hematopoietic response to acute genotoxic stress, with P2X7 deficiency significantly extending mouse survival in irradiation-induced hematopoietic failure. We also demonstrate the role of P2X7 in the context of long-term HSC regenerative fitness following sublethal irradiation. Overall our studies provide important insights into the mechanisms of HSC response to genotoxic stress and further suggest P2X7 as a target for pharmacological modulation of HSC fitness and hematopoietic response to genotoxic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tze Tung
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - HanChen Wang
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jad I Belle
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jessica C Petrov
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Langlais
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anastasia Nijnik
- Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- McGill University Research Centre on Complex Traits, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Hilliard SA, Li Y, Dixon A, El-Dahr SS. Mdm4 controls ureteric bud branching via regulation of p53 activity. Mech Dev 2020; 163:103616. [PMID: 32464196 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2020.103616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The antagonism between Mdm2 and its close homolog Mdm4 (also known as MdmX) and p53 is vital for embryogenesis and organogenesis. Previously, we demonstrated that targeted disruption of Mdm2 in the Hoxb7+ ureteric bud (Ub) lineage, which gives rise to the renal collecting system, causes renal hypodysplasia culminating in perinatal lethality. In this study, we examine the unique role of Mdm4 in establishing the collecting duct system of the murine kidney. Hoxb7Cre driven loss of Mdm4 in the Ub lineage (UbMdm4-/-) disrupts branching morphogenesis and triggers UB cell apoptosis. UbMdm4-/- kidneys exhibit abnormally dilated Ub tips while the medulla is hypoplastic. These structural alterations result in secondary depletion of nephron progenitors and nascent nephrons. As a result, newborn UbMdm4-/- mice have hypo-dysplastic kidneys. Transcriptional profiling revealed downregulation of the Ret-tyrosine kinase pathway components, Gdnf, Wnt11, Sox8, Etv4 and Cxcr4 in the UbMdm4-/- mice relative to controls. Moreover, the expression levels of the canonical Wnt signaling members Axin2 and Wnt9b are downregulated. Mdm4 deletion upregulated p53 activity and p53-target gene expression including Cdkn1a (p21), Gdf15, Ccng1, PERP, and Fas. Germline loss of p53 in UbMdm4-/- mice largely rescues kidney development and terminal differentiation of the collecting duct. We conclude that Mdm4 plays a unique and vital role in Ub branching morphogenesis and collecting system development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia A Hilliard
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Yuwen Li
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Angelina Dixon
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America
| | - Samir S El-Dahr
- Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States of America.
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3
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Polarity signaling ensures epidermal homeostasis by coupling cellular mechanics and genomic integrity. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3362. [PMID: 31358743 PMCID: PMC6662827 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial homeostasis requires balanced progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, whereas disrupting this equilibrium fosters degeneration or cancer. Here we studied how cell polarity signaling orchestrates epidermal self-renewal and differentiation. Using genetic ablation, quantitative imaging, mechanochemical reconstitution and atomic force microscopy, we find that mammalian Par3 couples genome integrity and epidermal fate through shaping keratinocyte mechanics, rather than mitotic spindle orientation. Par3 inactivation impairs RhoA activity, actomyosin contractility and viscoelasticity, eliciting mitotic failures that trigger aneuploidy, mitosis-dependent DNA damage responses, p53 stabilization and premature differentiation. Importantly, reconstituting myosin activity is sufficient to restore mitotic fidelity, genome integrity, and balanced differentiation and stratification. Collectively, this study deciphers a mechanical signaling network in which Par3 acts upstream of Rho/actomyosin contractility to promote intrinsic force generation, thereby maintaining mitotic accuracy and cellular fitness at the genomic level. Disturbing this network may compromise not only epidermal homeostasis but potentially also that of other self-renewing epithelia. Many developing tissues require Par-driven polarization, but its role in mammalian tissue maintenance is unclear. Here, the authors show that in mouse epidermis, Par3 governs tissue homeostasis not via orientation of cell division but by coupling cell mechanics with mitotic accuracy and genome integrity.
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4
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Kurtz P, Jones AE, Tiwari B, Link N, Wylie A, Tracy C, Krämer H, Abrams JM. Drosophila p53 directs nonapoptotic programs in postmitotic tissue. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:1339-1351. [PMID: 30892991 PMCID: PMC6724604 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-12-0791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers, and despite intensive research efforts, genome-scale studies of p53 function in whole animal models are rare. The need for such in vivo studies is underscored by recent challenges to established paradigms, indicating that unappreciated p53 functions contribute to cancer prevention. Here we leveraged the Drosophila system to interrogate p53 function in a postmitotic context. In the developing embryo, p53 robustly activates important apoptotic genes in response to radiation-induced DNA damage. We recently showed that a p53 enhancer (p53RErpr) near the cell death gene reaper forms chromatin contacts and enables p53 target activation across long genomic distances. Interestingly, we found that this canonical p53 apoptotic program fails to activate in adult heads. Moreover, this failure to exhibit apoptotic responses was not associated with altered chromatin contacts. Instead, we determined that p53 does not occupy the p53RErpr enhancer in this postmitotic tissue as it does in embryos. Through comparative RNA-seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation-seq studies of developing and postmitotic tissues, we further determined that p53 regulates distinct transcriptional programs in adult heads, including DNA repair, metabolism, and proteolysis genes. Strikingly, in the postmitotic context, p53-binding landscapes were poorly correlated with nearby transcriptional effects, raising the possibility that p53 enhancers could be generally acting through long distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Kurtz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Amanda E Jones
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Bhavana Tiwari
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Nichole Link
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Annika Wylie
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Charles Tracy
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Helmut Krämer
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - John M Abrams
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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5
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O'Brien LL. Nephron progenitor cell commitment: Striking the right balance. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 91:94-103. [PMID: 30030141 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The filtering component of the kidney, the nephron, arises from a single progenitor population. These nephron progenitor cells (NPCs) both self-renew and differentiate throughout the course of kidney development ensuring sufficient nephron endowment. An appropriate balance of these processes must be struck as deficiencies in nephron numbers are associated with hypertension and kidney disease. This review will discuss the mechanisms and molecules supporting NPC maintenance and differentiation. A focus on recent work will highlight new molecular insights into NPC regulation and their dynamic behavior in both space and time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori L O'Brien
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, UNC Kidney Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 111 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States.
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6
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El-Dahr S, Hilliard S, Saifudeen Z. Regulation of kidney development by the Mdm2/Mdm4-p53 axis. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 9:26-33. [PMID: 28096292 PMCID: PMC5907835 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While p53 activity is required for tumour suppression, unconstrained p53 activity on the other hand is detrimental to the organism, resulting in inappropriate cellular death or proliferation defects. Unimpeded p53 activity is lethal in the developing embryo, underlining the need for maintaining a tight control on p53 activity during this period. The critical role of the negative regulators of p53, Mdm2 and Mdm4, in vertebrate development came to light by fatal disruption of embryogenesis that was observed with Mdm2 and Mdm4 gene deletions in mice. Embryonic lethality was rescued only by superimposing p53 removal. Here we summarize the contribution of the Mdm2/Mdm4–p53 axis that occurs at multiple steps of kidney development. Conditional, cell type-specific deletions reveal distinct functions of these proteins in renal morphogenesis. The severe impact on the renal phenotype from targeted gene deletions underscores the critical role played by the Mdm2/Mdm4–p53 nexus on nephrogenesis, and emphasizes the need to monitor patients with aberrations in this pathway for kidney function defects and associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir El-Dahr
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sylvia Hilliard
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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7
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Abstract
p53 is best identified as a tumor suppressor for its transcriptional control of genes involved in cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Beyond its irrefutable involvement in restraining unchecked cell proliferation, research over the past several years has indicated a requirement for p53 function in sustaining normal development. Here I summarize the role of p53 in embryonic development, with a focus on knowledge gained from p53 loss and overexpression during kidney development. In contrast to its classical role in suppressing proliferative pathways, p53 positively regulates nephron progenitor cell (NPC) renewal. Emerging evidence suggests p53 may control cell fate decisions by preserving energy metabolism homeostasis of progenitors in the nephrogenic niche. Maintaining a critical level of p53 function appears to be a prerequisite for optimal nephron endowment. Defining the molecular networks targeted by p53 in the NPC may well provide new targets not only for regenerative medicine but also for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubaida Saifudeen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL37, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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8
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Tonelli C, Morelli MJ, Bianchi S, Rotta L, Capra T, Sabò A, Campaner S, Amati B. Genome-wide analysis of p53 transcriptional programs in B cells upon exposure to genotoxic stress in vivo. Oncotarget 2016; 6:24611-26. [PMID: 26372730 PMCID: PMC4694782 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is a transcription factor that coordinates the cellular response to DNA damage. Here we provide an integrated analysis of p53 genomic occupancy and p53-dependent gene regulation in the splenic B and non-B cell compartments of mice exposed to whole-body ionizing radiation, providing insight into general principles of p53 activity in vivo. In unstressed conditions, p53 bound few genomic targets; induction of p53 by ionizing radiation increased the number of p53 bound sites, leading to highly overlapping profiles in the different cell types. Comparison of these profiles with chromatin features in unstressed B cells revealed that, upon activation, p53 localized at active promoters, distal enhancers, and a smaller set of unmarked distal regions. At promoters, recognition of the canonical p53 motif as well as binding strength were associated with p53-dependent transcriptional activation, but not repression, indicating that the latter was most likely indirect. p53-activated targets constituted the core of a cell type-independent response, superimposed onto a cell type-specific program. Core response genes included most of the known p53-regulated genes, as well as many new ones. Our data represent a unique characterization of the p53-regulated response to ionizing radiation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tonelli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Marco J Morelli
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bianchi
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Rotta
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Thelma Capra
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Sabò
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Campaner
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Amati
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.,Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan, Italy
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9
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Barthelery NJ, Manfredi JJ. Cerebellum Development and Tumorigenesis: A p53-Centric Perspective. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:404-413. [PMID: 27085812 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The p53 protein has been extensively studied for its role in suppressing tumorigenesis, in part through surveillance and maintenance of genomic stability. p53 has been associated with the induction of a variety of cellular outcomes including cell cycle arrest, senescence, and apoptosis. This occurs primarily, but not exclusively, through transcriptional activation of specific target genes. By contrast, the participation of p53 in normal developmental processes has been largely understudied. This review focuses on possible functions of p53 in cerebellar development. It can be argued that a better understanding of such mechanisms will provide needed insight into the genesis of certain embryonic cancers including medulloblastomas, and thus lead to more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J Barthelery
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - James J Manfredi
- Department of Oncological Sciences and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, USA.
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10
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Jennis M, Kung CP, Basu S, Budina-Kolomets A, Leu JIJ, Khaku S, Scott JP, Cai KQ, Campbell MR, Porter DK, Wang X, Bell DA, Li X, Garlick DS, Liu Q, Hollstein M, George DL, Murphy ME. An African-specific polymorphism in the TP53 gene impairs p53 tumor suppressor function in a mouse model. Genes Dev 2016; 30:918-30. [PMID: 27034505 PMCID: PMC4840298 DOI: 10.1101/gad.275891.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Jennis et al. characterize the first mouse model of an African-specific naturally occurring coding region variant at codon 47 of the p53 tumor suppressor gene (S47). They show that homozygous S47 mice are markedly tumor-prone and that the S47 variant impairs not only p53-mediated cell death but also the ability of p53 to transactivate a subset of genes involved in metabolism and ferroptosis. A nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism at codon 47 in TP53 exists in African-descent populations (P47S, rs1800371; referred to here as S47). Here we report that, in human cell lines and a mouse model, the S47 variant exhibits a modest decrease in apoptosis in response to most genotoxic stresses compared with wild-type p53 but exhibits a significant defect in cell death induced by cisplatin. We show that, compared with wild-type p53, S47 has nearly indistinguishable transcriptional function but shows impaired ability to transactivate a subset of p53 target genes, including two involved in metabolism: Gls2 (glutaminase 2) and Sco2. We also show that human and mouse cells expressing the S47 variant are markedly resistant to cell death by agents that induce ferroptosis (iron-mediated nonapoptotic cell death). We show that mice expressing S47 in homozygous or heterozygous form are susceptible to spontaneous cancers of diverse histological types. Our data suggest that the S47 variant may contribute to increased cancer risk in individuals of African descent, and our findings highlight the need to assess the contribution of this variant to cancer risk in these populations. These data also confirm the potential relevance of metabolism and ferroptosis to tumor suppression by p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Jennis
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA; Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology and Genetics, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, USA
| | - Che-Pei Kung
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Subhasree Basu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Anna Budina-Kolomets
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Julia I-Ju Leu
- Department of Genetics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Sakina Khaku
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Jeremy P Scott
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Kathy Q Cai
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA
| | - Michelle R Campbell
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Devin K Porter
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Xuting Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Douglas A Bell
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - David S Garlick
- The Wistar Institute Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Qin Liu
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | | | - Donna L George
- Department of Genetics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Maureen E Murphy
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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11
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Li Y, Liu J, Li W, Brown A, Baddoo M, Li M, Carroll T, Oxburgh L, Feng Y, Saifudeen Z. p53 Enables metabolic fitness and self-renewal of nephron progenitor cells. Development 2016; 142:1228-41. [PMID: 25804735 DOI: 10.1242/dev.111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Contrary to its classic role in restraining cell proliferation, we demonstrate here a divergent function of p53 in the maintenance of self-renewal of the nephron progenitor pool in the embryonic mouse kidney. Nephron endowment is regulated by progenitor availability and differentiation potential. Conditional deletion of p53 in nephron progenitor cells (Six2Cre(+);p53(fl/fl)) induces progressive depletion of Cited1(+)/Six2(+) self-renewing progenitors and loss of cap mesenchyme (CM) integrity. The Six2(p53-null) CM is disorganized, with interspersed stromal cells and an absence of a distinct CM-epithelia and CM-stroma interface. Impaired cell adhesion and epithelialization are indicated by decreased E-cadherin and NCAM expression and by ineffective differentiation in response to Wnt induction. The Six2Cre(+);p53(fl/fl) cap has 30% fewer Six2(GFP(+)) cells. Apoptotic index is unchanged, whereas proliferation index is significantly reduced in accordance with cell cycle analysis showing disproportionately fewer Six2Cre(+);p53(fl/fl) cells in the S and G2/M phases compared with Six2Cre(+);p53(+/+) cells. Mutant kidneys are hypoplastic with fewer generations of nascent nephrons. A significant increase in mean arterial pressure is observed in early adulthood in both germline and conditional Six2(p53-null) mice, linking p53-mediated defects in kidney development to hypertension. RNA-Seq analyses of FACS-isolated wild-type and Six2(GFP(+)) CM cells revealed that the top downregulated genes in Six2Cre(+);p53(fl/fl) CM belong to glucose metabolism and adhesion and/or migration pathways. Mutant cells exhibit a ∼ 50% decrease in ATP levels and a 30% decrease in levels of reactive oxygen species, indicating energy metabolism dysfunction. In summary, our data indicate a novel role for p53 in enabling the metabolic fitness and self-renewal of nephron progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Li
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jiao Liu
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA The Hypertension and Renal Centers of Excellence, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wencheng Li
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Aaron Brown
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | | | - Marilyn Li
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas Carroll
- Department of Internal Medicine (Nephrology) and Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Leif Oxburgh
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | - Yumei Feng
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA The Hypertension and Renal Centers of Excellence, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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12
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Chen S, Yao X, Li Y, Saifudeen Z, Bachvarov D, El-Dahr SS. Histone deacetylase 1 and 2 regulate Wnt and p53 pathways in the ureteric bud epithelium. Development 2015; 142:1180-92. [PMID: 25758227 DOI: 10.1242/dev.113506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate a broad range of biological processes through removal of acetyl groups from histones as well as non-histone proteins. Our previous studies showed that Hdac1 and Hdac2 are bound to promoters of key renal developmental regulators and that HDAC activity is required for embryonic kidney gene expression. However, the existence of many HDAC isoforms in embryonic kidneys raises questions concerning the possible specificity or redundancy of their functions. We report here that targeted deletion of both the Hdac1 and Hdac2 genes from the ureteric bud (UB) cell lineage of mice causes bilateral renal hypodysplasia. One copy of either Hdac1 or Hdac2 is sufficient to sustain normal renal development. In addition to defective cell proliferation and survival, genome-wide transcriptional profiling revealed that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway is specifically impaired in UB(Hdac1,2-/-) kidneys. Our results also demonstrate that loss of Hdac1 and Hdac2 in the UB epithelium leads to marked hyperacetylation of the tumor suppressor protein p53 on lysine 370, 379 and 383; these post-translational modifications are known to boost p53 stability and transcriptional activity. Genetic deletion of p53 partially rescues the development of UB(Hdac1,2-/-) kidneys. Together, these data indicate that Hdac1 and Hdac2 are crucial for kidney development. They perform redundant, yet essential, cell lineage-autonomous functions via p53-dependent and -independent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowei Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Xiao Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Dimcho Bachvarov
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC, Canada G1R 2J6
| | - Samir S El-Dahr
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Nephrology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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