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The Verification of the Degree of Concordance of the SMI/CVMS Indexes in Evaluating the Pubertal Growth Stages—Longitudinal Study. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12062783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The research aims to verify the concordance between the skeletal maturity index (SMI) measured on the hand and wrist X-rays using Fishman method and the cervical vertebral maturation stage (CVMS), measured on the lateral cephalometric X-rays using Baccetti method. The concordance of the two indexes (SMI and CVMS) has been statistically verified with the help of the Cohen’s kappa coefficient, by relating them to the growth stages, within a longitudinal study done upon a group of 38 patients, 22 female and 16 male, aged between 8–18 y, the analyzed investigations being done in series, along the orthodontic treatment. The research showed a strong correlation between the SMI and CVMS indexes within the analyzed group, confirmed by the obtained values (k = 0.84 for female and k = 0.85 for male).
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Magat G, Ozcan S. Assessment of maturation stages and the accuracy of age estimation methods in a Turkish population: A comparative study. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:83-91. [PMID: 35387103 PMCID: PMC8967497 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20210231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study assessed the associations between chronological age, dental maturation (DM), cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), and hand-wrist maturation (HWM) in individuals aged 9-19 years. In addition, this study aimed to derive practical methods to evaluate the skeletal age using DM, CVM, or HWM for orthodontic, medical, and forensic purposes and to compare which of these 3 developmental parameters is more accurate for estimating the age of individuals in a Turkish population. Materials and Methods Panoramic, lateral cephalometric, and hand-wrist radiographs of 284 patients aged 9-19 years were used in this study. The DM, CVM, and HWM stages were determined. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, kappa, Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square, and Spearman correlation tests and simple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The significance level was 0.05. Results Statistically significant differences were found between chronological age and DM, chronological age and CVM, and chronological age and HWM in both sexes (P<0.05). DM did not show statistically significant differences according to sex (P>0.05), but CVM and HWM were statistically different between males and females (P<0.05). The DM-estimated age yielded more accurate values than the other methods. Conclusion All correlations between skeletal and dental stages were statistically significant. Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between chronological age and DM-estimated age. Therefore, it can be concluded that DM stages have the potential to be used for legal purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guldane Magat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Ozcan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
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Abdalla Y, Kiliaridis S, Sonnesen L. Airway changes after fixed functional appliance treatment in children with and without morphologic deviations of the upper spine: A 3-dimensional CBCT study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 161:791-797. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2021.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gurgel M, Cevidanes L, Pereira R, Costa F, Ruellas A, Bianchi J, Cunali P, Bittencourt L, Chaves Junior C. Three-dimensional craniofacial characteristics associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity and treatment outcomes. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:875-887. [PMID: 34273012 PMCID: PMC8761785 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess craniofacial dimensions in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients treated with a mandibular advancement device (MAD) and to identify anatomic influences on OSA severity and MAD therapy outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with OSA were prospectively treated with MAD. Clinical, cone-beam computed tomography, and polysomnography exams were performed before treatment and 4-6 months after achieving the MAD therapeutic position. Polysomnographic exams and three-dimensional maxillary, mandibular, and upper airway (UA) measurements were evaluated. Pearson's correlation and t-tests were applied. RESULTS Before MAD treatment, the transverse width measured at the frontomaxillary suture and the angle between the mandibular ramus and Frankfurt horizontal were statistically correlated with apnea and the hypopnea index (AHI), while the gonial angle was correlated with therapeutic protrusion. After MAD treatment, all patients showed a significant AHI reduction and an improvement in minimum oxyhemoglobin saturation. The UA total volume, superior and inferior oropharynx volume, and area were statistically correlated with MAD therapeutic protrusion. The UA total area showed a statistical correlation with the improvement in AHI, and the superior oropharynx volume and area increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS The transversal frontomaxillary suture width and the mandibular ramus facial angle may influence OSA severity. The gonial angle, volume, and area of all UA regions may indicate the amount of protrusion needed for successful MAD treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The craniofacial characteristics reported as important factors for OSA severity and MAD treatment outcomes impact therapy planning for OSA patients, considering individual anatomic characteristics, prognosis, and cost benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Gurgel
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lucia Cevidanes
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Rowdley Pereira
- Department of Pneumology, Division of Sleep Medicine and Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Costa
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Antonio Ruellas
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America.,Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jonas Bianchi
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America.,Department of Orthodontics, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Paulo Cunali
- Department of Pneumology, Division of Sleep Medicine and Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lia Bittencourt
- Department of Pneumology, Division of Sleep Medicine and Biology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cauby Chaves Junior
- Department of Dental Clinic, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Alexander TD, Stefanelli A, Thalheimer S, Heller JE. Sleep apnea and unilateral upper and lower extremity allodynia as a result of a large thoracic disc herniation: a case report. SLEEP SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41606-021-00067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Clinically significant disc herniations in the thoracic spine are rare accounting for approximately 1% of all disc herniations. In patients with significant spinal cord compression, presenting symptoms typically include ambulatory dysfunction, lower extremity weakness, lower extremity sensory changes, as well as bowl, bladder, or sexual dysfunction. Thoracic disc herniations can also present with thoracic radiculopathy including midback pain and radiating pain wrapping around the chest or abdomen. The association between thoracic disc herniation with cord compression and sleep apnea is not well described.
Case presentation
The following is a case of a young male patient with high grade spinal cord compression at T7-8, as a result of a large thoracic disc herniation. The patient presented with complaints of upper and lower extremity unilateral allodynia and sleep apnea. Diagnosis was only made once the patient manifested more common symptoms of thoracic stenosis including left lower extremity weakness and sexual dysfunction. Following decompression and fusion the patient’s allodynia and sleep apnea quickly resolved.
Conclusions
Thoracic disc herniations can present atypically with sleep apnea. We recommend taking into consideration that sleep symptoms may resolve when planning treatment for thoracic disc herniation.
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Villamil CI, Santiago-Nazario A. Integration between the cranial boundaries of the nasopharynx and the upper cervical vertebrae in Homo and Pan. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 305:1974-1990. [PMID: 34510776 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The nasopharynx is an important anatomical structure involved in respiration. Its bony boundaries, including the basicranium and upper cervical vertebrae, may be subject to selective pressures and constraints related to respiratory function. Here, we investigate phenotypic integration, or covariation, between the face, the basicranial boundaries of the nasopharynx, and the atlas and axis to understand constraints affecting these structures. We collected three-dimensional coordinate data from a sample of 80 humans and 44 chimpanzees, and used two-block partial least squares to assess RV (a multivariate generalization of Pearson's r2 ), rPLS , the covariance ratio, and effect size for integration among structures. We find that integration is significant among some of these structures, and that integration between the basicranial nasopharynx and vertebrae and between the face and vertebrae is likely independent. We also find divergences in the pattern of integration between humans and chimpanzees suggesting greater constraints among the human face and nasopharynx, which we suggest are linked to divergent developmental trajectories in the two taxa. Evolutionary changes in human basicranial anatomy, coupled with human-like developmental trajectories, may have required that the face grow to compensate any variation in nasopharyngeal structure. However, we were unable to determine whether the nasopharynx or the face is more strongly integrated with the vertebrae, and therefore whether respiration or biomechanical considerations related to positional behavior may be more strongly tied to vertebral evolution. Future work should focus on greater sample sizes, soft tissue structures, and more diverse taxa to further clarify these findings.
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Comparison of cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging in different growth stages with various vertical skeletal growth patterns. Surg Radiol Anat 2020; 43:117-125. [PMID: 32914225 DOI: 10.1007/s00276-020-02566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging (STB) in different growth stages in orthodontic patients with different vertical skeletal growth patterns. METHODS Lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR) of 270 patients in the preadolescent, adolescent, or postadolescent periods and having low angle [LA], normal angle [NA], or high-angle [HA] vertical skeletal growth patterns were evaluated retrospectively. STB was visualized using LCRs while evaluating the deficiency of ponticulus posticus (PP) and atlas posterior arch (PAA) associated with the atlas bone. The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used for categorical data and one-way ANOVA for numerical data. RESULTS The prevalence of fully calcified PP and STB increased from the preadolescent (PP, 10.0%; STB, 11.1%) to the postadolescent period (PP, 24.4; STB, 21.1%); they did not differ from vertical skeletal growth patterns (p > 0.05). The prevalence of PAA deficiency is significantly higher in individuals with LA (46.7%) than with other angles (NA, 27.8%; HA, 26.7%). The vertical skeletal growth pattern was significantly related to STB in the preadolescent period and PAA in the postadolescent period. CONCLUSIONS Different anomalies during different growth periods correlate with the vertical skeletal growth pattern. It will be useful to evaluate a different anomaly according to the relevant growth period.
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Schut PC, Brosens E, Van Dooren TJM, Galis F, Ten Broek CMA, Baijens IMM, Dremmen MHG, Tibboel D, Schol MP, de Klein A, Eggink AJ, Cohen-Overbeek TE. Exploring copy number variants in deceased fetuses and neonates with abnormal vertebral patterns and cervical ribs. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1513-1525. [PMID: 32755042 PMCID: PMC7689732 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Cervical patterning abnormalities are rare in the general population, but one variant, cervical ribs, is particularly common in deceased fetuses and neonates. The discrepancy between the incidence in the general population and early mortality is likely due to indirect selection against cervical ribs. The cause for the co‐occurrence of cervical ribs and adverse outcome remains unidentified. Copy number variations resulting in gain or loss of specific genes involved in development and patterning could play a causative role. Methods Radiographs of 374 deceased fetuses and infants, including terminations of pregnancies, stillbirths and neonatal deaths, were assessed. Copy number profiles of 265 patients were determined using single nucleotide polymorphism array. Results 274/374 patients (73.3%) had an abnormal vertebral pattern, which was associated with congenital abnormalities. Cervical ribs were present in 188/374 (50.3%) and were more common in stillbirths (69/128 [53.9%]) and terminations of pregnancies (101/188 [53.7%]), compared to live births (18/58, 31.0%). Large (likely) deleterious copy number variants and aneuploidies were prevalent in these patients. None of the rare copy number variants were recurrent or overlapped with candidate genes for vertebral patterning. Conclusions The large variety of copy number variants in deceased fetuses and neonates with similar abnormalities of the vertebral pattern probably reflects the etiological heterogeneity of vertebral patterning abnormalities. This genetic heterogeneity corresponds with the hypothesis that cervical ribs can be regarded as a sign of disruption of critical, highly interactive stages of embryogenesis. The vertebral pattern can probably provide valuable information regarding fetal and neonatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline C Schut
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin Brosens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J M Van Dooren
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,CNRS, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences iEES Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Inge M M Baijens
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein H G Dremmen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Paediatric Radiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Tibboel
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin P Schol
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex J Eggink
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Titia E Cohen-Overbeek
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Piancino MG, Dalmasso P, Borello F, Cinnella P, Crincoli V, Garagiola U, de Biase C, Tonni I, Matacena G, Deregibus A. Thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and cranio-mandibular morphology in adolescents. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2019; 48:169-175. [PMID: 31398597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine sagittal alignment and craniofacial morphology is still controversial. Evidence-based results are difficult to obtain and scientific studies are inhomogeneous. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference of thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine posture and cephalometric values comparing two groups of subjects with different cranial structure in the sagittal plane. METHODS Eighty-one subjects were consecutively selected and divided into two groups, according to the orientation of the condyle-orbital plane (CoOr) with respect to the superior maxilla (SpP): Group1: 49 subjects 11.6 (2.1) years showing posterior-rotation of CoOr: SpP^CoOr ≤ -2°, -4.1°(2.1°); Group2: 32 subjects 12.9 (2.3)years showing anterior-rotation of CoOr: SpP^CoOr ≥ 2°, 3.7°(1.9°). Each patient underwent in blinding, Spinal Mouse recording and cephalometry of the skull. RESULTS Group1 showed a significant forward tilting of the spine 4.4°(1.8°) with respect to Group2 2.4°(1.3°) (p < 0.0001) and higher values related to the vertical dimension of the skull: higher maxillary divergency (p < 0.0001), steep occlusal plane (p < 0.0007), higher gonial angle (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION The results of this study showed a difference in the thoracic-lumbar-sacral spine inclination between groups with different craniofacial morphology. The achievement of this outcome is important to improve our multidisciplinary evaluation and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Piancino
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School C.I.R., Division of Orthodontics, University of Turin, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy.
| | - Paola Dalmasso
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Borello
- I.N.Ri.M. (National Institute of Metrologic Research), Str. Delle Cacce 91, 10135 Turin, Italy
| | - Pasquale Cinnella
- Spine Surgery Department, CTO Hospital, University Hospital Company "Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino", Corso Bramante 88, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Vito Crincoli
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Division of Complex Operating Unit of Dentistry, "Aldo Moro" University of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Umberto Garagiola
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences Maxillo-Facial and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione Cà Granda IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Corrado de Biase
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School C.I.R., Division of Orthodontics, University of Turin, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Ingrid Tonni
- Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, Dental School, Division of Orthodontics, University of Brescia, Piazza del Mercato 15, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Giada Matacena
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School C.I.R., Division of Orthodontics, University of Turin, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Deregibus
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dental School C.I.R., Division of Orthodontics, University of Turin, via Nizza 230, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Karsten A, Sideri M, Spyropoulos M. Morphologic Anomalies of Upper Cervical Vertebrae in Swedish Children Born with Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and/or Palate Compared to Swedish Children without Cleft. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2018; 56:751-758. [PMID: 30384778 DOI: 10.1177/1055665618808621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine and compare the prevalence of morphologic anomalies of the upper cervical vertebrae in Swedish children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate to Swedish children without cleft. DESIGN Retrospective study on lateral cephalograms. SETTING Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. PATIENTS The cleft group consisted of 325 children (150 girls and 175 boys) born with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate (mean age: 11.1 years). The control group consisted of 325 children without cleft, matched for age and gender. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Lateral cephalograms exposing upper cervical vertebrae (C1-C3) were examined regarding morphologic anomalies such as posterior arch deficiencies, fusion of vertebrae, odontoid anomalies, and deviations of the vertebral artery canal. RESULTS The prevalence of children with morphologic anomalies of the upper cervical vertebrae was 24.3% (n = 79) in children with cleft and 12.6% (n = 41) in children without cleft. Posterior arch deficiency and vertebral fusion were significantly more frequent in children with cleft (P < .001). No statistically significant differences were found between the 2 groups regarding odontoid and vertebral artery canal anomalies. CONCLUSIONS Morphologic anomalies of the upper cervical vertebrae in Swedish children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or palate were significantly more frequent compared to similar anomalies in Swedish children without cleft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Karsten
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Stockholm Craniofacial Team, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Metaxia Sideri
- 1 Division of Orthodontics, Department of Dental Medicine, Stockholm Craniofacial Team, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sonnesen L, Jasemi A, Gjørup H, Daugaard-Jensen J. Upper cervical spine and craniofacial morphology in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2018; 19:331-336. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-0362-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Ali ZS, Ma TS, Ozturk AK, Malhotra NR, Schuster JM, Marcotte PJ, Grady MS, Welch WC. Pre-optimization of spinal surgery patients: Development of a neurosurgical enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2017; 164:142-153. [PMID: 29232645 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite surgical, technological, medical, and anesthetic improvements, patient outcomes following elective neurosurgical procedures can be associated with high morbidity. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are multimodal care pathways designed to optimize patient outcomes by addressing pre-, peri-, and post-operative factors. Despite significant data suggesting improved patient outcomes with the adoption of these pathways, development and implementation has been limited in the neurosurgical population. METHODS/RESULTS This study protocol was designed to establish the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of implementation of an ERAS protocol on the improvement of clinical and patient reported outcomes and patient satisfaction scores in an elective inpatient spine surgery population. Neurosurgical patients undergoing spinal surgery will be recruited and randomly allocated to one of two treatment arms: ERAS protocol (experimental group) or hospital standard (control group). The experimental group will undergo interventions at the pre-, peri-, and post-operative time points, which are exclusive to this group as compared to the hospital standard group. CONCLUSIONS The present proposal aims to provide supporting data for the application of these specific ERAS components in the spine surgery population and provide rationale/justification of this type of care pathway. This study will help inform the design of a future multi-institutional, randomized controlled trial. RESULTS of this study will guide further efforts to limit post-operative morbidity in patients undergoing elective spinal surgery and to highlight the impact of ERAS care pathways in improving patient reported outcomes and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarina S Ali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tracy S Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Ali K Ozturk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Neil R Malhotra
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - James M Schuster
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Paul J Marcotte
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - M Sean Grady
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - William C Welch
- Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Türkoz Ç, Kaygısız E, Ulusoy Ç, Ateş C. A practical formula for determining growth. Diagn Interv Radiol 2017; 23:194-198. [PMID: 28345523 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2016.16334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to establish a practical method to evaluate skeletal age using cervical vertebrae. METHODS The study consisted of hand-wrist and cephalometric radiographs of 324 subjects (167 girls, 157 boys; age range, 7.3-17.2 years). Skeletal ages of the subjects were calculated from hand-wrist radiographs, and cervical vertebral bodies were measured using cephalometric radiographs. A single formula based on C3 and C4 vertebral body heights with different coefficients for each gender was derived using ridge regression analysis. RESULTS The correlation coefficients for vertebral and hand-wrist bone age were 0.825 and 0.856 for girls and boys, respectively. The correlations among vertebral bone age and C3 and C4 vertebral body heights were also found to be significant. The intraclass correlation (ICC) score was found to be 0.914, which shows high consistency between the two measurements of the same investigator for each C3 and C4 vertebral body height result. CONCLUSION The formula derived for evaluating skeletal age in cephalometric radiographs is reliable and can be applied to both girl and boy subjects for legal requirements or therapeutic needs of age estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çağrı Türkoz
- Department of Orthodontics, Gazi University School of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.
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Scarr G, Harrison H. Examining the temporo-mandibular joint from a biotensegrity perspective: A change in thinking. J Appl Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Saba N, Rani A, Sehgal G, Verma R, Srivastava A, Faheem M. Fusion of axis with third cervical vertebra: a case report. ROMANIAN NEUROSURGERY 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/romneu-2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Fusion of one or more contiguous vertebral segments is usually the result of embryological failure of normal spinal segmentation. It may be associated with syndromes such as Klippel-Feil. Fused cervical vertebrae (FCV) may also be acquired or pathologic. FCV is generally associated with disease like tuberculosis, other infections, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and trauma. The commonest site of involvement is C2-C3. In condition of fusion the two vertebrae appear not only structurally as one but also function as one. This anomaly may be asymptomatic; however, it may also manifest in the form of serious clinical features such as myelopathy, limitation of the neck movement, muscular weakness, atrophy or neurological sensory loss.
Case report: We observed the fusion of axis with 3rd cervical vertebra. Body, laminae and spines of C2 and C3 were completely fused on both anterior and posterior aspects, whereas the pedicles and transverse processes were not fused. Foramen transversarium was present on both the vertebrae bilaterally.
Conclusion: This variation is noteworthy to neurosurgeons and radiologists in studying computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
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Zähne, Körperhaltung und Raumbezug. MANUELLE MEDIZIN 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00337-015-0092-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Jasemi A, Sonnesen L. Tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology in pre-orthodontic children with and without morphological deviations in the upper cervical spine. World J Stomatol 2016; 5:15-21. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v5.i1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze differences in prevalence and pattern of tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology between non syndromic children with tooth agenesis with and without upper cervical spine morphological deviations and to analyze associations between craniofacial morphology and tooth agenesis in the two groups together.
METHODS: One hundred and twenty-six pre-orthodontic children with tooth agenesis were divided into two groups with (19 children, mean age 11.9) and without (107 children, mean age 11.4) upper spine morphological deviations. Visual assessment of upper spine morphology and measurements of craniofacial morphology were performed on lateral cephalograms. Tooth agenesis was evaluated from orthopantomograms.
RESULTS: No significant differences in tooth agenesis and craniofacial morphology were found between children with and without upper spine morphological deviations (2.2 ± 1.6 vs 1.94 ± 1.2, P > 0.05) but a tendency to a different tooth agenesis pattern were seen in children with morphological deviations in the upper spine. In the total group tooth agenesis was associated with the cranial base angle (n-s-ba, r = 0.23, P < 0.01), jaw angle (ML/RLar, r = 0.19, P < 0.05), mandibular inclination (NSL/ML, r = -0.21, P < 0.05), mandibular prognathia (s-n-pg, r = 0.25, P < 0.01), sagittal jaw relationship (ss-n-pg, r = -0.23, P < 0.5), overjet (r = -0.23, P < 0.05) and overbite (r = -0.25, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Etiology of tooth agenesis in children with upper spine morphological deviations was discussed. The results may be valuable for the early diagnosis and treatment planning of non syndromic children with tooth agenesis.
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Saleh A, Sultan I, Mahfouz Y. Alteration in cervical spine mechanics in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Michelsen TG, Brusgaard PB, Sonnesen L. Klippel-feil: A syndrome in the occipital-cervical spine field and its dentofacial manifestations. World J Stomatol 2015; 4:81-86. [DOI: 10.5321/wjs.v4.i2.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is defined by congenital cervical vertebral spine fusion and is seen with a wide spectrum of dental manifestations and craniofacial profiles. Previous studies on lateral cephalograms have documented an association between fusion of the cervical vertebrae and deviations in the craniofacial profile in non-syndromic patients with severe malocclusion. To our knowledge, no previous studies have described the craniofacial profile including the cranial base of KFS patients on lateral cephalograms. Therefore KFS and its craniofacial and dental manifestations were described according to existing literature and additionally the craniofacial profile and cranial base was analysed on lateral cephalograms of two patients with KFS. According to the literature the dental manifestations of KFS-patients included oligodontia, overjet, cross bite, open bite and deep bite. The craniofacial profile was clinically described as reduced lower facial height, midfacial hypoplasia, and mandibular prognathia. The analyses of the two lateral cephalograms showed increased mandibular inclination, increased vertical jaw-relationship, increased jaw angle and maxillary retrognathia. The cranial base was normal in both cases. The sagittal jaw relationship and mandibular prognathia varied between the two cases. The literature review and the analyses of the two lateral cephalograms have shown that deviations in the occipital and cervical spine field as KFS were associated with deviations in the teeth and craniofacial profile.
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van Bruggen HW, Van Den Engel-Hoek L, Steenks MH, Bronkhorst EM, Creugers NHJ, de Groot IJM, Kalaykova SI. Reduced mandibular range of motion in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: predictive factors. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 42:430-8. [PMID: 25600935 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) experience negative effects upon feeding and oral health. We aimed to determine whether the mandibular range of motion in DMD is impaired and to explore predictive factors for the active maximum mouth opening (aMMO). 23 patients with DMD (mean age 16.7 ± 7.7 years) and 23 controls were assessed using a questionnaire about mandibular function and impairments. All participants underwent a clinical examination of the masticatory system, including measurement of mandibular range of motion and variables related to mandibular movements. In all patients, quantitative ultrasound of the digastric muscle and the geniohyoid muscle and the motor function measure (MFM) scale were performed. The patients were divided into early and late ambulatory stage (AS), early non-ambulatory stage (ENAS) and late non-ambulatory stage (LNAS). All mandibular movements were reduced in the patient group (P < 0.001) compared to the controls. Reduction in the aMMO (<40 mm) was found in 26% of the total patient group. LNAS patients had significantly smaller mandibular movements compared to AS and ENAS (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis for aMMO revealed a positive correlation with the body height and disease progression, with MFM total score as the strongest independent risk factor (R(2) = 0.71). Mandibular movements in DMD are significantly reduced and become more hampered with loss of motor function, including the sitting position, arm function, and neck and head control. We suggest that measurement of the aMMO becomes a part of routine care of patients with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W van Bruggen
- Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dental Science, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Altan AB, Dönmez Zorkun B. Cervical Vertebral Anomalies in Patients With Transverse Maxillary Deficiency. Turk J Orthod 2014. [DOI: 10.13076/tjo-d-15-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ohlendorf D, Seebach K, Hoerzer S, Nigg S, Kopp S. The effects of a temporarily manipulated dental occlusion on the position of the spine: a comparison during standing and walking. Spine J 2014; 14:2384-91. [PMID: 24486478 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2014.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT The relationship between dental occlusion and body posture or even the spine position is often analyzed and confirmed. However, this relationship has not been systematically investigated for standing and walking. PURPOSE To examine whether a symmetric or asymmetric dental occlusion block, using 4 mm thick silicon panels, can significantly change the spine position (cervical, thoracic, or lumbar region) during standing and walking. STUDY DESIGN The following study is a cross-sectional study. PATIENT SAMPLE This study was carried out with 23 healthy subjects (18 women, 5 men) without discomfort in the temporomandibular system or body movement apparatus. OUTCOME MEASURES Position changes (millimeter) of the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) in frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes of motion. METHODS The upper spine position was quantified with an ultrasonic distance measurement system (sonoSens Monitor). Every subject placed the 4 mm thick silicon panel systematically between the left/right premolars or the front teeth. Differences between the habitual and manipulated occlusion positions were determined by the Friedman test, followed by pairwise comparisons with applied Bonferroni-Holm correction. RESULTS During standing and walking there were significant (p≤.05) differences between the occlusion block conditions and the habitual dental position in all body planes except in the right lumbar region during walking. In addition, differences within the manipulated occlusion position could be detected. Significant differences were also shown between the standing and walking trials in the frontal, sagittal, and transverse planes, particularly with respect to the lumbar region (p≤.001). CONCLUSIONS Symmetrical and asymmetrical occlusion blocks in the premolar region can be associated with changes in all three spine regions during standing and walking. The results showed highly similar reaction patterns in all spine positions, regardless of the location of the silicon panel. Between standing and walking, the main differences were in the lumbar spine. The results suggest a relationship between the chewing and the movement system. However, it must be stated that this study has no direct clinical impact. The study design cannot determine the causality of the observed associations; also the clinical significance of the small postural changes remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ohlendorf
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4; Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Kamilla Seebach
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Hoerzer
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Sandro Nigg
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4
| | - Stefan Kopp
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Goethe-University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Khan A, Than KD, Chen KS, Wang AC, La Marca F, Park P. Sleep apnea and cervical spine pathology. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2013; 23:641-7. [PMID: 24121751 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-3046-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2013] [Revised: 09/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep apnea is a multi-factorial disease with a variety of identified causes. With its close proximity to the upper airway, the cervical spine and its associated pathologies can produce sleep apnea symptoms in select populations. The aim of this article was to summarize the literature discussing how cervical spine pathologies may cause sleep apnea. METHODS A search of the PubMed database for English-language literature concerning the cervical spine and its relationship with sleep apnea was conducted. Seventeen published papers were selected and reviewed. RESULTS Single-lesion pathologies of the cervical spine causing sleep apnea include osteochondromas, osteophytes, and other rare pathologies. Multifocal lesions include rheumatoid arthritis of the cervical spine and endogenous cervical fusions. Furthermore, occipital-cervical misalignment pre- and post-cervical fusion surgery may predispose patients to sleep apnea. CONCLUSIONS Pathologies of the cervical spine present significant additional etiologies for producing obstructive sleep apnea in select patient populations. Knowledge of these entities and their pathophysiologic mechanisms is informative for the clinician in diagnosing and managing sleep apnea in certain populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Khan
- University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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