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Shang Y, Liu X, Wei L, Liang S, Zou Z, Wu M, Xia J. Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor A5 Deletion Aggravates the Pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis by Promoting Proinflammatory Cytokines. Cornea 2023; 42:607-614. [PMID: 36729030 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess the role of leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A5 (LILRA5) in regulating bacterial infection and corneal inflammation. METHODS The human corneal tissue microarray data set GSE58291 from Gene Expression Omnibus was downloaded. Then, the differentially expressed genes, Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and the immune infiltration analysis were conducted. We constructed the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P. aeruginosa ) keratitis mice model using wild-type and LILRA5-deficient mice. The results of the bioinformatics analysis were verified by the cell in vitro and animal in vivo experiments. RESULTS This study revealed that LILRA5 is substantially expressed in human keratitis and regulates the immune response negatively. Neutrophils were identified as the core fraction of immune cells in keratitis. After P. aeruginosa infection, neutrophils lacking LILRA5 induced elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and toll-like receptor 4. LILRA5 deficiency exacerbated the severity of the infection and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in mice. CONCLUSIONS LILRA5 was discovered as an immunosuppressive regulator in P. aeruginosa keratitis, highlighting its significance in activated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Shang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liwen Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siping Liang
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyu Zou
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Xia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; and
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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2
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Identification of immune and stromal cell infiltration-related gene signature for prognosis prediction in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7470-7504. [PMID: 36126190 PMCID: PMC9550239 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common and life-threatening hematologic malignancy, its occurrence and progression are closely related to immune/stromal cell infiltration in the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. However, no studies have described an immune/stromal cell infiltration-related gene (ISCIRG)-based prognostic signature for ALL. A total of 444 patients involving 437 bulk and 7 single-cell RNA-seq datasets were included in this study. Eligible datasets were searched and reviewed from the database of TCGA, TARGET project and GEO. Then an integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to select optimal prognosis-related genes from ISCIRGs, construct a nomogram model for predicting prognosis, and assess the predictive power. After LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses, a seven ISCIRGs-based signature was proved to be able to significantly stratify patients into high- and low-risk groups in terms of OS. The seven genes were confirmed that directly related to the composition and status of immune/stromal cells in BM microenvironment by analyzing bulk and single-cell RNA-seq datasets. The calibration plot showed that the predicted results of the nomogram were consistent with the actual observation results of training/validation cohort. This study offers a reference for future research regarding the role of ISCIRGs in ALL and the clinical care of patients.
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Roychowdhury A, Jondhale M, Saldanha E, Ghosh D, Kumar Panda C, Chandrani P, Mukherjee N. Landscape of toll-like receptors expression in tumor microenvironment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC): Distinct roles of TLR4 and TLR8. Gene 2021; 792:145728. [PMID: 34022297 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
TNBC is the most aggressive and hormone receptor-negative subtype of breast cancer with molecular heterogeneity in bulk tumors hindering effective treatment. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have the potential to ignite diverse immune responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This encouraged us to screen their transcript expression in the publically available TCGA datasets. Reported molecular subtypes of TNBC may represent different TMEs and we observed differentially expressed TLRs (DETs) i.e. TLR3/4/6/8/9 have unique expression pattern in the TNBC subtypes, particularly in Immunomodulatory (IM) TNBC subtype. We then dissected expression of the DETs in immune and other components of the TME. TLR4 and TLR8 showed significant (p-value ≤ 0.05) negative partial correlation with tumor purity compared to other DETs. Interestingly, TLR4 and TLR8 expression showed a significant (adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) correlation with different subsets of immune infiltrating cells having the highest correlation with monocytes/macrophage/dendritic cell populations mediating both innate and adaptive response in TNBC. The co-expression network identified genes correlated with these immune cells. Further, GSEA analysis of co-expressed genes showed a significant association of TLR8 partners with 'Peptide ligand binding', 'Gά-signaling', and 'Cytokine-cytokine interaction' while TLR4 associated genes correlated with 'Adaptive immune system' and 'Systemic lupus erythematosus' interactome. Finally, the expression of TLR4 protein was validated in a panel of TNBC cell lines. TLR4 expression in chemoresponsive TNBC was also validated in TNBC cell lines upon Paclitaxel (PTX) treatment. Collectively, the present study identified specific DETs in TNBC and discovered a prospective role of TLR4 and TLR8 in the maintenance of tumor-immune-microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Roychowdhury
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Mayur Jondhale
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Research on Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Elveera Saldanha
- Medical Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Medical Oncology Department, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Deblina Ghosh
- Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Pratik Chandrani
- Medical Oncology Molecular Laboratory, Medical Oncology Department, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India; Centre for Computational Biology, Bioinformatics and Crosstalk Laboratory, ACTREC-Tata MemorialCentre, Navi Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Nupur Mukherjee
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Institute for Research on Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India.
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4
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Ming S, Li M, Wu M, Zhang J, Zhong H, Chen J, Huang Y, Bai J, Huang L, Chen J, Lin Q, Liu J, Tao J, He D, Huang X. Immunoglobulin-Like Transcript 5 Inhibits Macrophage-Mediated Bacterial Killing and Antigen Presentation During Sepsis. J Infect Dis 2020; 220:1688-1699. [PMID: 31250008 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunosuppression contributes to the mortality of sepsis. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS In the present study, we investigated the role of inhibitory receptor immunoglobulin-like transcript 5 (ILT5) in sepsis. We first screened the expression of ILT family members, and we found that ILT5 was dramatically up-regulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from sepsis patients versus healthy donors. RESULTS Knockdown of ILT5 by small interfering ribonucleic acid increased bacterial killing and reactive oxygen species production in THP-1 and RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, ILT5-expressing monocytes/macrophages exhibited lower expression of antigen-presenting molecules including major histocompatibility complex-II and CD80. In the in vitro coculture system with monocytes/macrophages, blockage of ILT5 facilitated Th1 proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrated that pretreatment with ILT5 blocking peptide improved the survival and pulmonary pathology of septic mice. CONCLUSIONS Together, our study identified ILT5 as an immunosuppressive regulator during sepsis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategy for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Ming
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Musheng Li
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Haibo Zhong
- The Third People's Hospital of Shantou, Shantou, China
| | - Junyang Chen
- The Third People's Hospital of Shantou, Shantou, China
| | - Yaopan Huang
- The Third People's Hospital of Shantou, Shantou, China
| | - Jun Bai
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Li Huang
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Quanshi Lin
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Duanman He
- The Third People's Hospital of Shantou, Shantou, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Program of Infection and Immunity, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China.,Program of Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China
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5
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Modulated Autophagy by MicroRNAs in Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1484152. [PMID: 31205933 PMCID: PMC6530247 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1484152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by articular cartilage regression. The etiology of OA is diverse, the exact pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Autophagy is a conserved maintenance mechanism in eukaryotic cells. Dysfunction of chondrocyte autophagy is regarded as a crucial pathogenesis of cartilage degradation in OA. MircoRNAs (miRNAs) are a category of small noncoding RNAs, acting as posttranscriptional modulators that regulate biological processes and cell signaling pathways via target genes. A series of miRNAs are involved in the progression of chondrocyte autophagy and are connected with numerous factors and pathways. This article focuses on the mechanisms of chondrocyte autophagy in OA and reviews the role of miRNA in their modulation. Potentially relevant miRNAs are also discussed in order to provide new directions for future research and improve our understanding of the autophagic network of miRNAs.
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6
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Zhang S, Ma X, Fu J. Silencing Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor A1 in Monocytes Inhibits Inflammation in Mice with Multiple Sclerosis. Neuroimmunomodulation 2019; 26:93-101. [PMID: 30673676 DOI: 10.1159/000495625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple sclerosis (MS), also called disseminated sclerosis or encephalomyelitis disseminate, is an inflammatory disorder in which the insulating covers of brain nerve cells and the spinal cord are impaired. Emerging evidence has highlighted leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor A1 (LILRA1) and its ability to suppress the secretion of various inflammatory factors. METHOD During this study, we explored cell viability, apoptosis, and levels of certain inflammatory factors when silencing LILRA1 in cultured spinal cord cells obtained from mice with MS. A mouse model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) was established. A vector system package was used to explore the function of LILRA1 in EAE. The damage of spinal cord tissues was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell viability, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot analysis were adopted to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the monocytes. RESULTS Mice with EAE exhibited highly expressed LILRA1, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α. LILRA1 silencing was shown to significantly decrease the cell viability and accelerate the cell apoptosis rate in mice with EAE. At the same time, downregulation of LILRA1 significantly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in the mouse serum. CONCLUSION The key findings of this study collectively propose that LILRA1 suppression exerts a potent anti-inflammatory effect on MS mice. Overall, LILRA1 downregulation presents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Ma
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jin Fu
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,
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7
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Taylor A, Foo SS, Bruzzone R, Dinh LV, King NJC, Mahalingam S. Fc receptors in antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections. Immunol Rev 2016; 268:340-64. [PMID: 26497532 PMCID: PMC7165974 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sensitization of the humoral immune response to invading viruses and production of antiviral antibodies forms part of the host antiviral repertoire. Paradoxically, for a number of viral pathogens, under certain conditions, antibodies provide an attractive means of enhanced virus entry and replication in a number of cell types. Known as antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, the phenomenon occurs when virus‐antibody immunocomplexes interact with cells bearing complement or Fc receptors, promoting internalization of the virus and increasing infection. Frequently associated with exacerbation of viral disease, ADE of infection presents a major obstacle to the prevention of viral disease by vaccination and is thought to be partly responsible for the adverse effects of novel antiviral therapeutics such as intravenous immunoglobulins. There is a growing body of work examining the intracellular signaling pathways and epitopes responsible for mediating ADE, with a view to aiding rational design of antiviral strategies. With in vitro studies also confirming ADE as a feature of infection for a growing number of viruses, challenges remain in understanding the multilayered molecular mechanisms of ADE and its effect on viral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Taylor
- Emerging Viruses and Inflammation Research Group, Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia
| | - Suan-Sin Foo
- Emerging Viruses and Inflammation Research Group, Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia
| | - Roberto Bruzzone
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong.,Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Luan Vu Dinh
- Discipline of Pathology, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J C King
- Discipline of Pathology, Bosch Institute, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Suresh Mahalingam
- Emerging Viruses and Inflammation Research Group, Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia
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8
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Hudson LE, Allen RL. Leukocyte Ig-Like Receptors - A Model for MHC Class I Disease Associations. Front Immunol 2016; 7:281. [PMID: 27504110 PMCID: PMC4959025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MHC class I (MHC-I) polymorphisms are associated with the outcome of some viral infections and autoimmune diseases. MHC-I proteins present antigenic peptides and are recognized by receptors on natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, thus enabling the immune system to detect self-antigens and eliminate targets lacking self or expressing foreign antigens. Recognition of MHC-I, however, extends beyond receptors on cytotoxic leukocytes. Members of the leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LILR) family are expressed on monocytic cells and can recognize both classical and non-classical MHC-I alleles. Despite their relatively broad specificity when compared to the T cell receptor or killer Ig-like receptors, variations in the strength of LILR binding between different MHC-I alleles have recently been shown to correlate with control of HIV infection. We suggest that LILR recognition may mediate MHC-I disease association in a manner that does not depend on a binary discrimination of self/non-self by cytotoxic cells. Instead, the effects of LILR activity following engagement by MHC-I may represent a “degrees of self” model, whereby strength of binding to different alleles determines the degree of influence exerted by these receptors on immune cell functions. LILRs are expressed by myelomonocytic cells and lymphocytes, extending their influence across antigen-presenting cell subsets including dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. They have been identified as important players in the response to infection, inflammatory diseases, and cancer, with recent literature to indicate that MHC-I recognition by these receptors and consequent allelic effects could extend an influence beyond the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Emily Hudson
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London , London , UK
| | - Rachel Louise Allen
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London , London , UK
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9
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Low HZ, Ahrenstorf G, Pommerenke C, Habermann N, Schughart K, Ordóñez D, Stripecke R, Wilk E, Witte T. TLR8 regulation of LILRA3 in monocytes is abrogated in human immunodeficiency virus infection and correlates to CD4 counts and virus loads. Retrovirology 2016; 13:15. [PMID: 26969150 PMCID: PMC4788896 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-016-0248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND LILRA3 is an immunostimulatory molecule which can conditionally induce the proliferation of cytotoxic cells. LILRA3 has a deletion genotype which is associated with multiple immune disorders. In this study, we wanted to analyze the regulation of LILRA3 and its significance in the context of HIV infection. RESULTS We analyzed a panel of TLR agonists and found that ssRNA40, a TLR8 agonist, is a potent inducer of LILRA3 in healthy individuals. However, this regulation is much diminished in HIV. Comparison of TLR8 to TLR4 induction of LILRA3 indicated that LPS induces less LILRA3 than ssRNA40 among healthy controls, but not HIV patients. Levels of LILRA3 induction correlated to virus load and CD4 counts in untreated patients. Recombinant LILRA3 can induce a host of proinflammatory genes which include IL-6 and IL-1α, as well as alter the expression of MHC and costimulatory molecules in monocytes and B-cells. CONCLUSION Our experiments point towards a beneficial role for LILRA3 in virus infections, especially in ssRNA viruses, like HIV, that engage TLR8. However, the potentially beneficial role of LILRA3 is abrogated during a HIV infection. We believe that more work has to be done to study the role of LILRA3 in infectious diseases and that there is a potential for exploring the use of LILRA3 in the treatment of virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhi Low
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Gerrit Ahrenstorf
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nadine Habermann
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Ordóñez
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Renata Stripecke
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Esther Wilk
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Torsten Witte
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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Hogan LE, Jones DC, Allen RL. Expression of the innate immune receptor LILRB5 on monocytes is associated with mycobacteria exposure. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21780. [PMID: 26908331 PMCID: PMC4764857 DOI: 10.1038/srep21780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen presenting cells (APC) are critical components of innate immunity and consequently shape the adaptive response. Leukocyte Ig Like Receptors (LILR) are innate immune receptors predominantly expressed on myeloid cells. LILR can influence the antigen presenting phenotype of monocytic cells to determine the nature of T cell responses in infections including Mycobaterium leprae. We therefore investigated the relevance of LILR in the context of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Real-time PCR studies indicated that the transcriptional profile of the orphan receptor LILRB5 was significantly up-regulated following exposure to mycobacteria. Furthermore, LILRA1 and LILRB5 were able to trigger signalling through direct engagement of mycobacteria using tranfectant cells incorporating a reporter system. We describe for the first time the expression of this receptor on T cells, and highlight the potential relevance to mycobacterial recognition. Furthermore, we demonstrate that crosslinking of this receptor on T cells increases proliferation of cytotoxic, but not helper, T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise E. Hogan
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE
- TB Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Des C. Jones
- Immunology Division, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP
| | - Rachel L. Allen
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George’s, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, SW17 0RE
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Genome-wide whole blood microRNAome and transcriptome analyses reveal miRNA-mRNA regulated host response to foodborne pathogen Salmonella infection in swine. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12620. [PMID: 26227241 PMCID: PMC4521145 DOI: 10.1038/srep12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the role of miRNAs in regulating genes involved in host response to bacterial infection and shedding of foodborne pathogens, a systematic profiling of miRNAs and mRNAs from the whole blood of pigs upon Salmonella challenge was performed. A total of 62 miRNAs were differentially expressed post infection (false discovery rate <0.1). An integrative analysis of both the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs using sequence-based miRNA target prediction and negative correlation of miRNA-mRNA profiles helped identify miRNA-mRNA networks that may potentially regulate host response to Salmonella infection. From these networks, miR-214 and miR-331-3p were identified as new candidates potentially associated with Salmonella infection. An miRNA seed sequence analysis suggested that these miRNAs regulate several critical immune-related genes including SLC11A1, PIGE-108A11.3 and VAV2. We showed that challenged pigs had reduced miR-214 expression and increased miR-331-3p expression in the whole blood. Furthermore, the expression of the proposed targets of miR-214 (SLC11A1 and PIGE-108A11.3) increased while that of the proposed target of miR-331-3p (VAV2) decreased following challenge (expression changes confirmed by in vitro assays). Based on these observations, we propose potential roles for miR-214 and miR-331-3p in regulation of immune responses to Salmonella infection.
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12
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López-Álvarez MR, Jones DC, Jiang W, Traherne JA, Trowsdale J. Copy number and nucleotide variation of the LILR family of myelomonocytic cell activating and inhibitory receptors. Immunogenetics 2014; 66:73-83. [PMID: 24257760 PMCID: PMC3894450 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-013-0742-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) are cell surface molecules that regulate the activities of myelomonocytic cells through the balance of inhibitory and activation signals. LILR genes are located within the leukocyte receptor complex (LRC) on chromosome 19q13.4 adjacent to KIR genes, which are subject to allelic and copy number variation (CNV). LILRB3 (ILT5) and LILRA6 (ILT8) are highly polymorphic receptors with similar extracellular domains. LILRB3 contains inhibitory ITIM motifs and LILRA6 is coupled to an adaptor with activating ITAM motifs. We analysed the sequences of the extracellular immunoglobulin domain-encoding regions of LILRB3 and LILRA6 in 20 individuals, and determined the copy number of these receptors, in addition to those of other members of the LILR family. We found 41 polymorphic sites within the extracellular domains of LILRB3 and LILRA6. Twenty-four of these sites were common to both receptors. LILRA6, but not LILRB3, exhibited CNV. In 20 out of 48 human cell lines from the International Histocompatibility Working Group, LILRA6 was deleted or duplicated. The only other LILR gene exhibiting genomic aberration was LILRA3, in this case due to a partial deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- María R. López-Álvarez
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - Des C. Jones
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - James A. Traherne
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
| | - John Trowsdale
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0XY UK
- Immunology Division, Pathology Department, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QP UK
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13
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Petrizzo A, Tornesello ML, Napolitano M, D'Alessio G, Salomone Megna A, Dolcetti R, De Re V, Wang E, Marincola FM, Buonaguro FM, Buonaguro L. Multiparametric analyses of human PBMCs loaded ex vivo with a candidate idiotype vaccine for HCV-related lymphoproliferative disorders. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44870. [PMID: 23028651 PMCID: PMC3445594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been identified as one of the major risk factors for type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), during the clinical evolution of chronic hepatitis, which may lead to development of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We have previously shown that the candidate idiotype vaccine, based on the IGKV3-20 light chain protein, is able to induce activation and maturation of circulating antigen presenting cells (APCs) in both HCV-positive and HCV-negative healthy control subjects, with production of Th2-type cytokines. Here, the effect of the recombinant IGKV3-20 protein on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from HCV-positive subjects, with known blood levels of cryoglobulins, is shown via gene expression profiling analysis combined to multiparameter flow cytometry and multiplex analyses of cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annacarmen Petrizzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lina Tornesello
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Napolitano
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Cancer Bio-Immunotherapy Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Valli De Re
- Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, National Cancer Institute, Aviano, Italy
| | - Ena Wang
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Franco M. Marincola
- Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section (IDIS), Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, and trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Franco M. Buonaguro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Buonaguro
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Viral Oncogenesis, National Cancer Institute “Fond. G. Pascale”, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail:
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14
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Dzopalic T, Rajkovic I, Dragicevic A, Colic M. The response of human dendritic cells to co-ligation of pattern-recognition receptors. Immunol Res 2012; 52:20-33. [PMID: 22392051 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-012-8279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key antigen-presenting cells that express a wide variety of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Triggering of a single PRR, especially Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-type lectins, induces maturation of DCs, but cooperativity between multiple PRRs is needed in order to achieve an effective immune response. In this review, we summarize the published data related to the effect of individual and joint PRR agonists on DCs and Langerhans-like cells derived from monocytes (MoDCs and MoLCs, respectively). Our results demonstrate that MoDCs co-stimulated with TLR3/TLR7 and TLR3/Dectin-1 ligands induced superior T helper (Th)1 and Th17 immune responses, compared to effects of single agonists. The opposite outcome was observed after co-ligation of TLR3 and Langerin on MoLCs. These findings may be relevant to improve strategy for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Dzopalic
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defense in Belgrade, Crnotravska 17, 11002 Belgrade, Serbia
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15
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Hogan L, Bhuju S, Jones DC, Laing K, Trowsdale J, Butcher P, Singh M, Vordermeier M, Allen RL. Characterisation of bovine leukocyte Ig-like receptors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34291. [PMID: 22485161 PMCID: PMC3317502 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILR) are innate immune receptors involved in regulating both innate and adaptive immune functions. LILR show more interspecies conservation than the closely related Killer Ig-like receptors, and homologues have been identified in rodents, primates, seals and chickens. The murine equivalents, paired Ig-like receptors (PIR), contain two additional immunoglobulin domains, but show strong sequence and functional similarities to human LILR. The bovine genome was recently sequenced, with preliminary annotations indicating that LILR were present in this species. We therefore sought to identify and characterize novel LILR within the Bos taurus genome, compare these phylogenetically with LILR from other species and determine whether they were expressed in vivo. Twenty six potential bovine LILR were initially identified using BLAST and BLAT software. Phylogenetic analysis constructed using the neighbour-joining method, incorporating pairwise deletion and confidence limits estimated from 1000 replicates using bootstrapping, indicated that 16 of these represent novel bovine LILR. Protein structures defined using protein BLAST predict that the bovine LILR family comprises seven putative inhibitory, four activating and five soluble receptors. Preliminary expression analysis was performed by mapping the predicted sequences with raw data from total transcript sequence generated using Genome Analyzer IIx (Illumina) to provide evidence that all 16 of these receptors are expressed in vivo. The bovine receptor family appears to contain receptors which resemble the six domain rodent PIR as well as the four domain LILR found in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Hogan
- Centre for Infection, Division of Clinical Sciences, St George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom.
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16
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Zhang Y, Lu N, Xue Y, Zhang M, Li Y, Si Y, Bian X, Jia Y, Wang Y. Expression of immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)2 and ILT3 in human gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Mol Med Rep 2012; 5:910-6. [PMID: 22246571 PMCID: PMC3493079 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune inhibitory receptors play an important role in organ transplantation, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)2 and ILT3 belong to the inhibitory receptors of the ILT family, which have been reported to regulate a broad range of cellular functions involved in the immune response. They contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIMs), which are related to immune regulation. Although ILT receptors have been studied in dendritic cells (DCs), T cells, NK cells and other cell types, the expression and clinical significance of ILT2 and ILT3 in gastric cancer have yet to be elucidated. Here, the expression of ILT2 and ILT3 in gastric cancer cell lines and pathologic tissues, as well as their effects on the cytotoxicity of NK92MI against the gastric cancer cell lines MKNI with ILT2lowILT3low and HGC-27 with ILT2highILT3high were detected. The results suggest that ILT2 and ILT3 are expressed with diverse degrees in gastric cancer cells and tissues, and the expression of ILT2 is related with differentiation and size of tumors. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of NK92MI against the MKNI cell line was stronger than that against HGC-27. This study indicates that ILT2 and ILT3 play a key role in gastric cancer immune escape, and ILT2 may be a new target in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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17
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Lee SM, Kim EJ, Suk K, Lee WH. CD300F blocks both MyD88 and TRIF-mediated TLR signaling through activation of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:6296-303. [PMID: 21536801 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1002184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
CD300F is known to exhibit inhibitory activity in myeloid cells through its intracellular ITIM. To investigate the effect of CD300F stimulation on TLR signaling, the human acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 was treated with CD300F-specific mAbs or two synthetic peptides that represented the ITIM-like domains of CD300F. Treatment with these agents blocked TLR2-, 3-, 4-, and 9-mediated expression of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-8 and matrix metalloproteinase-9. The luciferase reporter assay in 293T cells and Western blot analysis of THP-1 cells revealed that these inhibitory actions were effective in pathways involving MyD88 and/or TRIF of TLR signaling and associated with marked suppression of IκB kinase activation, phosphorylation/degradation of IκB, and subsequent activation of NF-κB. Use of specific inhibitors and immunoprecipitation analysis further indicated that the inhibitory effects were mediated by Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1, a protein tyrosine phosphatase with inhibitory activity in hematopoietic cells. These data indicate that CD300F is an active regulator of TLR-mediated macrophage activation through its association with Src homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1 and that the synthetic peptides can be applied for the regulation of immune responses that are induced by TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
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