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Liu YN, Mu YD, Wang H, Zhang M, Shi YW, Mi G, Peng LX, Chen JH. Endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway mediates T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte apoptosis. Toxicology 2021; 464:152989. [PMID: 34673134 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
T-2 toxin leads to chondrocyte apoptosis and excessive extracellular matrix degradation. The aim of this study is to investigate if endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) - initiated apoptosis is involved in the chondrocyte damage induced by T-2 toxin. In vivo, rats were divided into a control group, T-2 toxin 200 ng/g BW/d group, the protein levels of GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12 were detected using immunohistochemistry in articular cartilage tissues. In vitro, C28/I2 and ATDC5 chondrocytes were treated with various concentrations of T-2 toxin. For the salubrinal protection assay, cells were pretreated with 20 μM salubrinal for 1 h, and treated with and without T-2 toxin for 24 h. The cell viability was determined using the MTT assay; and the cell apoptosis was determined using the Flow Cytometry Assay; the mRNA and protein levels of the ERS markers and ECM were determined using RT-PCR and western blotting. This study found that the expressions of GRP78, CHOP, and caspase-12 is higher in T-2 toxin group than in control group both in vivo and in vitro, and the T-2 toxin administration promoted chondrocyte apoptosis, suppressed matrix synthesis, and accelerated cellular catabolism via the ERS signaling pathway. In addition, this study found that salubrinal prevented chondrocyte injury by inhibiting ERS-mediated apoptosis via the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP signaling pathway. Collectively, this study provides a new clue to elucidate the mechanism of T-2 toxin-induced chondrocyte damage, and presents a novel therapeutic possibility of salubrinal for Osteoarthropathy such as osteoarthritis (OA) and Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Nan Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Dong Mu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Wen Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ge Mi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei-Xuan Peng
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing-Hong Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Xiao B, Wang JG, Han F, Shi YX. Effects of calcium-dependent molecular chaperones and endoplasmic reticulum in the amygdala in rats under single‑prolonged stress. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1099-1104. [PMID: 29115545 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‑resident molecular chaperone proteins to identify whether these proteins were involved in post‑traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The present study detected changes of calreticulin (CRT), calnexin (CNX) and ERp57 in the amygdala of rats, which may with aim of providing a novel insight into the modulation effect of amygdala in PTSD. Single‑prolonged stress (SPS) was applied to create the models of PTSD in rats. The expression levels of CRT, CNX and ERp57 were examined using immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence, western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR). The results showed that SPS induced significant changes in CRT, CNX and ERp57 expression levels. Furthermore, the expression levels of CRT, CNX and ERp57 were significantly upregulated when compared to that in the control group after SPS exposure by western blot analysis (P<0.05). RT‑qPCR analysis supported these results, indicating an upregulation of mRNA expression level. Taken together, the present findings suggest that SPS may induce changes to the expression of CRT, CNX and ERp57 in the amygdala of rats. The present study provides an insight into the effects of ER‑resident molecular chaperones in the amygdala participating in PTSD, and provides the experimental basis and a mechanism for the pathophysiology of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xiao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Gang Wang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Xiu Shi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical Sciences College, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, P.R. China
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Inhibitory effect of quercetin on titanium particle-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related apoptosis and in vivoosteolysis. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170961. [PMID: 28760844 PMCID: PMC5634327 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wear particle induced periprosthetic osteolysis is the main cause of aseptic
loosening of orthopedic implants. The aim of the present study is to determine
the protective effect of quercetin (QUE) against titanium (Ti) particle induced
endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related apoptosis and osteolysis. In the
present study, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations (40,
80, and 160 μmol/l) of QUE for 30 min and then treated with Ti particle
(5 mg/ml) for 24 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay
and Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit, respectively. Protein and mRNA
expressions of ERS-related genes were examined by Western blot and real-time
PCR, respectively. The release of inflammatory cytokines was detected by ELISA.
Then, a mouse calvarial osteolysis model was established. Histological sections
of calvaria were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) or
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The results showed that Ti particle
reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. The
cytotoxic effects of Ti particle were dramatically inhibited by QUE
pretreatment. Interestingly, we found that QUE also significantly reduced Ti
particle induced up-regulation of the expression levels of protein kinase
RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme-1 (IRE1), glucose-regulated
protein (GRP78), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP),
caspase-12, and caspase-3 and enhanced the down-regulation of Bcl-2. In
addition, QUE decreased Ti particle-induced inflammatory cytokines release from
RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, treatment with QUE markedly decreased osteoclast
number. In a mouse calvarial osteolysis model, QUE inhibited Ti particle induced
osteolysis in vivo by inhibiting osteoclast formation and
expressions of ERS-related genes. In conclusion, QUE can protect RAW264.7 cells
from Ti particle induced ERS-related apoptosis and suppress calvarial osteolysis
in vivo.
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated hippocampal neuron apoptosis involved in diabetic cognitive impairment. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:924327. [PMID: 23710464 PMCID: PMC3655482 DOI: 10.1155/2013/924327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 04/01/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Poor management of DM causes cognitive impairment while the mechanism is still unconfirmed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the activation of C/EBP Homology Protein (CHOP), the prominent mediator of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis under hyperglycemia. We employed streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic rats to explore the ability of learning and memory by the Morris water maze test. The ultrastructure of hippocampus in diabetic rats and cultured neurons in high glucose medium were observed by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. TUNEL staining was also performed to assess apoptotic cells while the expression of CHOP was assayed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay in these hippocampal neurons. Six weeks after diabetes induction, the escape latency increased and the average frequency in finding the platform decreased in diabetic rats (P < 0.05). The morphology of neuron and synaptic structure was impaired; the number of TUNEL-positive cells and the expression of CHOP in hippocampus of diabetic rats and high glucose medium cultured neurons were markedly altered (P < 0.05). The present results suggested that the CHOP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis may be involved in hyperglycemia-induced hippocampal synapses and neurons impairment and promote the diabetic cognitive impairment.
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