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Arsić I, Marinković N, Pajević T, Marković J, Dragović M, Stamenković Z, Stefanović N, Nedeljković N. The Impact of Orthodontic Extrusion on Keratinized Gingiva. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1157. [PMID: 39064586 PMCID: PMC11278517 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60071157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The key factor that enables osteoblastic activity and the formation of new bone, as well as gingiva, during orthodontic tooth extrusion (OE) is the periodontal ligament. The reaction of periodontal tissues associated with changes in the gingiva is a part of orthodontic tooth displacement. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of OE on the width of the zone of the keratinized and attached gingiva, the position of the mucogingival junction, and the height of the interdental papillae in the region where the OE was performed as well as in the adjacent region. Materials and Methods: This research included 28 adult patients (both orthodontically treated and untreated). The treated group included 15 patients, in whom orthodontic extrusion of the upper or lower frontal teeth was indicated and performed. The untreated group included 13 patients, with no previous or undergoing orthodontic treatment. Patients with periodontal disease and periodontal pockets in the frontal region and patients allergic to iodine were excluded from the study. Gingivomorphometric measurements were performed on two occasions in three groups of teeth (24 extruded and 30 agonist teeth in the treated patients; 66 teeth in the untreated patients). Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using the software package SPSS version 26.0. Results: Orthodontic extrusion induced changes in the position of the mucogingival line and an increase in the width of the keratinized gingiva. There were no statistically significant effects on the depth of the gingival sulcus, the attached gingiva width, or the height of the interdental papillae. Conclusions: Orthodontic tooth extrusion has an effect on the periodontium in the observed region. Vertical orthodontic force, directed towards the coronal plane, affects the surrounding soft oral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Arsić
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Nemanja Marinković
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Tina Pajević
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Jovan Marković
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Miroslav Dragović
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Zorana Stamenković
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Neda Stefanović
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Nenad Nedeljković
- Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.A.); (T.P.); (J.M.); (Z.S.); (N.S.); (N.N.)
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Lee EJ, Kim Y, Salipante P, Kotula AP, Lipshutz S, Graves DT, Alimperti S. Mechanical Regulation of Oral Epithelial Barrier Function. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050517. [PMID: 37237587 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell function is modulated by mechanical forces imparted by the extracellular environment. The transmission of forces onto the cytoskeleton by modalities such as mechanical stress and matrix stiffness is necessary to address by the development of new experimental models that permit finely tuned cell mechanical challenges. Herein, we developed an epithelial tissue culture model, named the 3D Oral Epi-mucosa platform, to investigate the role mechanical cues in the epithelial barrier. In this platform, low-level mechanical stress (0.1 kPa) is applied to oral keratinocytes, which lie on 3D fibrous collagen (Col) gels whose stiffness is modulated by different concentrations or the addition of other factors such as fibronectin (FN). Our results show that cells lying on intermediate Col (3 mg/mL; stiffness = 30 Pa) demonstrated lower epithelial leakiness compared with soft Col (1.5 mg/mL; stiffness = 10 Pa) and stiff Col (6 mg/mL; stiffness = 120 Pa) gels, indicating that stiffness modulates barrier function. In addition, the presence of FN reversed the barrier integrity by inhibiting the interepithelial interaction via E-cadherin and Zonula occludens-1. Overall, the 3D Oral Epi-mucosa platform, as a new in vitro system, will be utilized to identify new mechanisms and develop future targets involved in mucosal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Yoontae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Paul Salipante
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Anthony P Kotula
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Sophie Lipshutz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Dana T Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stella Alimperti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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Chen H(D, Ma Z(S. Further Quantifying the Niche-Neutral Continuum of Human Digestive Tract Microbiomes with Near Neutral Model and Stochasticity Analysis. Evol Bioinform Online 2022; 18:11769343221128540. [PMID: 36458150 PMCID: PMC9706044 DOI: 10.1177/11769343221128540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
It is postulated that the human digestive tract (DT) from mouth to intestine is differentiated into diverse niches. For example, Segata et al. discovered that the microbiomes of diverse habitats along the DT could be distinguished as 4 types (niches) including (i) stool; (ii) sub-gingival plaques (SubP) and supra-gingival plaques (SupP); (iii) tongue dorsum (TD), throat (TH), palatine tonsils (PT), and saliva (Sal); and (iv) hard palate (HP) and buccal mucosa (BM), and keratinized gingiva (KG). These niches are different not only in composition, but also in metabolic potentials. In a previous study, we applied Harris et al's multi-site neutral and Tang and Zhou's niche-neutral hybrid models to characterize the DT niches discovered by Segata et al. Here, we complement the previous study by applying Sloan's near-neural model and Ning et al's stochasticity analysis framework to quantify the niche-neutral continuum of the DT microbiome distribution to shed light on the possible ecological/evolutionary mechanism that shapes the continuum. Overall but excluding the stool site, the proportion of neutral OTUs (46%) is slightly higher than that of the positive selection (38%), but significantly higher than negative selection (15%). The gut (stool) exhibited 3 to 12 times lower neutrality than other DT sites. The analysis also cross-verified our previous hypothesis that the KG (keratinized gingiva) is of distinct assembly dynamics in the DT microbiome, should be treated as a fifth niche. Our findings offer new insight on the long-standing debate concerning whether a minimum of 2-mm of KG width is necessary for marginal periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju (Daisy) Chen
- Department of Mathematics and
Statistics, Honghe University, Yunnan, China
- Computational Biology and Medical
Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhanshan (Sam) Ma
- Computational Biology and Medical
Ecology Lab, State Key Lab of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of
Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal
Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
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Balderrama ÍDF, Ferreira R, Rezende DRB, Nogueira ALRN, Greghi SLA, Zangrando MSR. Root coverage stability with acellular dermal matrix in multiple gingival recessions in esthetic zone: A clinical case report with 12-year follow-up. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2019; 23:584-588. [PMID: 31849407 PMCID: PMC6906899 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_582_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of surgical intervention for the maintenance of long-term results by root coverage of multiple gingival recessions in an esthetic area treated with a tissue substitute (acellular dermal matrix [ADM]-Alloderm®) is widely required. The present case report highlights the effectiveness of the ADM for the treatment of multiple recession defects in a female patient with Class I and II gingival recession in relation to maxillary anterior associated with esthetics and dentin hypersensitivity demands. The root coverage rate for the anterior area showed greater value with 70% of coverage; at 90 days and 2 and 12 years of follow-up, it showed 70.5%, 79%, and 77%, respectively. Conversely, for the posterior area, these rates were 68.5%, 63%, and 57% for the same follow-up periods. Results regarding gain of keratinized tissue demonstrated superior values for the anterior area, namely 3.92, 3.34 and 3.22 mm at 90 days and 2 and 12 years. These values for the posterior area were 0.54 mm, 2.41, and 1.87 mm, respectively. These findings suggest that the tissue substitute Alloderm® showed excellent long-term results for areas of multiple recessions, providing root coverage and stability of keratinized tissue gain. After this long period of evaluation, some local factors associated with recurrence of gingival recessions were detected, and a lack of proper periodontal maintenance care was observed. However, esthetic and functional outcomes achieved with surgical procedure were maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ísis De Fátima Balderrama
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ferreira
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sebastião Luiz Aguiar Greghi
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Schutzer Ragghianti Zangrando
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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Heredia-P AM, Lafaurie GI, Bautista-Molano W, Trujillo TG, Chalem-Choueka P, Bello-Gualtero JM, Pacheco-Tena C, Chila-Moreno L, Romero-Sánchez C. Predictive factors related to the progression of periodontal disease in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:240. [PMID: 31703715 PMCID: PMC6842164 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontal disease are inter-related conditions. However, factors predictive of periodontal disease progression in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (eRA) are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the progression of clinical attachment loss (CAL) in interproximal dental sites of eRA patients. Methods Twenty-eight eRA patients were evaluated for the progression of CAL at 280 interproximal dental sites at 1 year of follow-up. Markers of RA activity (rheumatoid factor, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein), a marker of bone resorption (Dickkopf-related protein 1), Disease Activity Score 28 and Simple Disease Activity Index were included as potential systemic predictive factors. Plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, clinical attachment level and Dickkopf-related protein 1 in crevicular fluid at baseline were included as potential local predictive factors. Data were analysed in a hierarchical structure using generalised linear mixed models for progression at each site (> 2 mm) during follow-up. Results C-reactive protein level was the most important predictive systemic factor for the progression of CAL. The mean CAL and a high degree of gingival inflammation in interproximal sites at baseline were important predictive local factors (p < 0.0001). Patients who received combined treatment with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and corticosteroids exhibited less CAL (p < 0.0001). The predictive value of the generalised linear mixed model for progression was 85%. Conclusions Systemic factors, including RA disease activity and baseline periodontal condition, were associated with periodontal progression. Pharmacological treatment may affect periodontal progression in patients with early RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Heredia-P
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gloria Inés Lafaurie
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Wilson Bautista-Molano
- Clinical Immunology Group, Rheumatology and Immunology Department Hospital Militar Central/School of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Transversal 3ª #, 49-00, Bogotá, Colombia.,Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group/ INMUBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Cra 9 No. 131 A-02, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Tamy Goretty Trujillo
- Unit of Basic Oral Investigation-UIBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Juan M Bello-Gualtero
- Clinical Immunology Group, Rheumatology and Immunology Department Hospital Militar Central/School of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Transversal 3ª #, 49-00, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Lorena Chila-Moreno
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group/ INMUBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Cra 9 No. 131 A-02, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Consuelo Romero-Sánchez
- Clinical Immunology Group, Rheumatology and Immunology Department Hospital Militar Central/School of Medicine, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Transversal 3ª #, 49-00, Bogotá, Colombia. .,Cellular and Molecular Immunology Group/ INMUBO, School of Dentistry, Universidad El Bosque, Cra 9 No. 131 A-02, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Kang JH, Lee YH, Kho HS. Clinical factors affecting salivary transferrin level, a marker of blood contamination in salivary analysis. BMC Oral Health 2018; 18:49. [PMID: 29562925 PMCID: PMC5863384 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-018-0510-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diagnostic value of whole saliva may be compromised when blood contamination is present in saliva samples. Measuring transferrin level in saliva samples has been used for detecting the level of blood contamination in saliva. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity of transferrin as a proper biomarker for blood contamination in whole saliva. METHODS Thirty younger (mean age: 25.9 ± 2.1 years) and twenty older (mean age: 65.1 ± 9.0 years) females were included. The index reflecting overall gingival inflammation (total gingival index), salivary flow rate, and salivary concentration and secretion rate of transferrin of each subject were analyzed. RESULTS Salivary transferrin concentrations and secretion rates were higher in the younger females than in the older ones despite a lower total gingival index in the younger females. The total gingival index showed no significant correlations with the concentration or secretion rate of transferrin in either unstimulated or stimulated whole saliva of younger and older subjects. The salivary concentration of transferrin showed negative correlations with the flow rate of saliva in both the younger and older groups. There were significant positive correlations between the salivary concentrations and secretion rates of transferrin in both the younger and older groups. CONCLUSIONS Salivary transferrin levels could be affected by other factors as well as the level of blood contamination. The influences of age, gonadal hormones, salivary flow rate, and chewing performance need to be considered when using the salivary level of transferrin as a blood contamination marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Kang
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, 613 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, South Korea
| | - Hong-Seop Kho
- Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, South Korea. .,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-Ro, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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Peruzzo Lopes CC, do Monte Ribeiro Busato P, Michelin Mânica MF, de Araújo MC, Marquez Zampiva MM, Bortolini BM, Nassar CA, Nassar PO. Effect of basic periodontal treatment on glycemic control and inflammation in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2: controlled clinical trial. J Public Health (Oxf) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-017-0792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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