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Lathwal E, Kumar S, Sahoo PK, Ghosh S, Mahata S, Nasare VD, Kapavarapu R, Kumar S. Pyrazole-based and N,N-diethylcarbamate functionalized some novel aurone analogs: Design, synthesis, cytotoxic evaluation, docking and SAR studies, against AGS cancer cell line. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26843. [PMID: 38463825 PMCID: PMC10920165 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study involves the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a series of thirty-three, pyrazole-based and N,N-diethylcarbamate functionalized, novel aurone analogs, against AGS cancer cell line. These novel aurone analogs are obtained from the reaction of pyrazole-based 6-hydroxyaurones with diethyl carbamoyl chloride using mild basic reagent. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds were evaluated against a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) and disclosed some potential outcomes as several analogs were found to have cytotoxicity better than the reference drugs Oxaliplatin and Leucovorin. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) study further unveiled the critical role of replacing the hydroxyl group in ring A with a carbamoyl group for cytotoxic activity. Among these aurone analogs, 8e and 8f, with IC50 values of 6.5 ± 0.024 μM and 6.6 ± 0.035 μM, respectively, are identified as the most active compounds. Molecular docking studies were conducted against HER2, a human epidermal growth factor involved in gastric and ovarian cancer, to investigate the binding interactions between the compounds and the protein HER2, where7e and 8e exhibited maximum interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Lathwal
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
- Govt. College, Tigaon, Faridabad, 121101, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
- PGT Chemistry, KendriyaVidyalaya Kokrajhar, Assam, 783370, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Sushmita Ghosh
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Sutapa Mahata
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Vilas D. Nasare
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Screening, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Ravikumar Kapavarapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Atmakur, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
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Anderson B, Bryant DL, Gozem S, Brambley C, Handy ST, Farone A, Miller JM. Solvent-Dependent Emissions Properties of a Model Aurone Enable Use in Biological Applications. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03607-x. [PMID: 38411859 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Fluorophores are powerful visualization tools and the development of novel small organic fluorophores are in great demand. Small organic fluorophores have been derived from the aurone skeleton, 2-benzylidenebenzofuran-3(2H)-one. In this study, we have utilized a model aurone derivative with a methoxy group at the 3' position and a hydroxyl group at the 4' position, termed vanillin aurone, to develop a foundational understanding of structural factors impacting aurone fluorescence properties. The fluorescent behaviors of the model aurone were characterized in solvent environments differing in relative polarity and dielectric constant. These data suggested that hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions between excited state aurone and solvent directly impact emissions properties such as peak emission wavelength, emission intensity, and Stokes shift. Time-dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) model calculations suggest that quenched aurone emissions observed in water are a consequence of stabilization of a twisted excited state conformation that disrupts conjugation. In contrast, the calculations indicate that low polarity solvents such as toluene or acetone stabilize a brightly fluorescent planar state. Based on this, additional experiments were performed to demonstrate use as a turn-on probe in an aqueous environment in response to conditions leading to planar excited state stabilization. Vanillin aurone was observed to bind to a model ATP binding protein, YME1L, leading to enhanced emissions intensities with a dissociation equilibrium constant equal to ~ 30 µM. Separately, the aurone was observed to be cell permeable with significant toxicity at doses exceeding 6.25 µM. Taken together, these results suggest that aurones may be broadly useful as turn-on probes in aqueous environments that promote either a change in relative solvent polarity or through direct stabilization of a planar excited state through macromolecular binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Daniel L Bryant
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Samer Gozem
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA, 30302, USA
| | - Chad Brambley
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Scott T Handy
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Anthony Farone
- Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA
| | - Justin M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, 1301 East Main Street, Murfreesboro, TN, 37132, USA.
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Lone MS, Nabi SA, Wani FR, Garg M, Amin S, Samim M, Shafi S, Khan F, Javed K. Design, synthesis and evaluation of 5-chloro-6-methylaurone derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:13466-13487. [PMID: 36856061 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2183716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel 5-chloro-6-methylaurone derivatives (6a-p) were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized compounds were tested for anticancer activity against 60-human cancer cell line panel derived from nine cancer types at NCI, Bethesda, USA. Among the synthesized compounds, six compounds (6e, 6f, 6h, 6i, 6k and 6 m) exhibited growth inhibition and cytotoxic activity against various human cancer cell lines in one-dose data. The most potent compound among the series, 6i was active against 55 out of 60 human cancer cell lines. Compound 6i showed remarkable % growth inhibition and cytotoxicity against various cancer cell lines exhibiting % GI in the range 36.05-199.03. The compound 6i was further evaluated for five dose assay and exhibited GI50 1.90 µM and 2.70 µM against melanoma and breast cancer cell lines respectively. Further evaluation of 6i for five-dose assay exhibited a diverse spectrum of anti-cancer activity towards all the 60 human cancer cell line panel with the selectivity index ratio ranging 0.854-1.42 and 0.66-1.35 for GI50 and TGI respectively. Based on one-dose and five-dose data compound 6i was further evaluated for cell apoptosis against MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line and was found to induce early apoptosis in cells explaining its mode of action. The in-silico studies for the synthesized compounds as LSD1 inhibitors (2H94) have shown better docking score and binding energy comparable to vafidemstat. All the compounds followed Lipinski rule of five. These findings concluded that the compound 6i could lead to the development of a promising therapeutic anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehak Saba Lone
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Ayaz Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farhat Ramzan Wani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Manika Garg
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shaista Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammed Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Syed Shafi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalim Javed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences (SCLS), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Lazinski LM, Royal G, Robin M, Maresca M, Haudecoeur R. Bioactive Aurones, Indanones, and Other Hemiindigoid Scaffolds: Medicinal Chemistry and Photopharmacology Perspectives. J Med Chem 2022; 65:12594-12625. [PMID: 36126323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hemiindigoids comprise a range of natural and synthetic scaffolds that share the same aromatic hydrocarbon backbone as well as promising biological and optical properties. The encouraging therapeutic potential of these scaffolds has been unraveled by many studies over the past years and uncovered representants with inspiring pharmacophoric features such as the acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donezepil and the tubulin polymerization inhibitor indanocine. In this review, we summarize the last advances in the medicinal potential of hemiindigoids, with a special attention to molecular design, structure-activity relationship, ligand-target interactions, and mechanistic explanations covering their effects. As their strong fluorogenic potential and photoswitch behavior recently started to be highlighted and explored in biology, giving rise to the development of novel fluorescent probes and photopharmacological agents, we also discuss these properties in a medicinal chemistry perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia M Lazinski
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5063, DPM, 38000 Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Guy Royal
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS 5250, DCM, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Robin
- Mediterranean Institute of Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecology (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
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Design, Rational Repurposing, Synthesis, In Vitro Evaluation, Homology Modeling and In Silico Study of Sulfuretin Analogs as Potential Antileishmanial Hit Compounds. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091058. [PMID: 36145279 PMCID: PMC9504330 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct growth inhibition of infectious organisms coupled with immunomodulation to counteract the immunosuppressive environment might be a beneficial therapeutic approach. Herein, a library of sulfuretin analogs were developed with potential capabilities to inhibit production of the immunosuppressive PGE2 and elicit direct growth inhibition against Leishmania donovani; the major causative agent of the fatal visceral leishmaniasis. Amongst explored library members bearing diverse methoxy and/or hydroxy substitution patterns at rings B and A, analog 1i retaining the C6-hydroxy moiety at ring-A, but possessing methoxy moieties in place of the polar dihydroxy moieties of sulfuretin ring-B, as well as analog 1q retaining the sulfuretin′s polar dihydroxy moieties at ring-B, but incorporating a C6-methoxy moiety instead of the C6-hydroxy moiety at ring-A, were the most promising hit compounds. Cytotoxicity evaluation suggested that analog 1i possesses a safety profile inducing the death of the parasite rather than host cells. In silico simulation provided insights into their possible binding with Leishmania donovani fumarate reductase. The current investigation presents sulfuretin analogs 1i and 1q as potential hit compounds for further development of multifunctional therapeutic agents against visceral leishmaniasis.
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L-Proline-Based Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Efficient Solvents and Catalysts for the Ultrasound-Assisted Synthesis of Aurones via Knoevenagel Condensation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aurones are minor flavonoids that possess a wide variety of bioactivity, including antioxidant, anticancer, and enzyme inhibitory activity. L-proline-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) were synthesized and applied as solvents and catalysts for the Knoevenagel condensation reaction between benzofuranone and substituted benzaldehydes to produce aurones in high yields and purity. The reaction between benzofuranone and vanillin served as the model reaction. After screening three NaDESs, and testing microwave, as well as ultrasound as energy sources, we concluded that the optimum results are obtained using L-proline/glycerol 1:2 as catalyst and solvent and ultrasound irradiation. The scope of the reaction was evaluated using a variety of benzaldehydes, and the corresponding aurones were obtained in moderate to satisfactory yields (57–89%) and high purity. An important additional feature of the described methodology is the recyclability and reusability of the NaDES, which was recycled and effectively reused after 6 cycles.
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Silva Torres D, Alves de Oliveira B, Souza D Silveira L, Paulo da Silva M, Rodrigues Durães Pereira V, Moraes J, Rúbia Costa Couri M, Fortini Grenfell E Queiroz R, Martins Parreiras P, Roberto Silva M, Azevedo Alves L, Carius de Souza V, Vanessa Zabala Capriles Goliatt P, Gomes Vasconcelos E, Alves da Silva Filho A, de Faria Pinto P. Synthetic Aurones: New Features for Schistosoma mansoni Therapy. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100439. [PMID: 34665914 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In this work, two synthetic aurones revealed moderate schistosomicidal potential in in vitro and in vivo assays. Aurones (1) and (2) promoted changes in tegument integrity and motor activity, leading to death of adult Schistosoma mansoni worms in in vitro assays. When administered orally (two doses of 50 mg/kg) in experimentally infected animals, synthetic aurones (1) and (2) promoted reductions of 56.20 % and 57.61 % of the parasite load and stimulated the displacement towards the liver of the remaining adult worms. The oogram analysis revealed that the treatment with both aurones interferes with the egg development kinetics in the intestinal tissue. Seeking an action target for compounds (1) and (2), the connection with NTPDases enzymes, recognized as important therapeutic targets for S. mansoni, was evaluated. Molecular docking studies have shown promising results. The dataset reveals the anthelmintic character of these compounds, which can be used in the development of new therapies for schistosomiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silva Torres
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruna Alves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Paulo da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Josué Moraes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Doenças Negligenciadas, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Martins Parreiras
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo, Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Lara Azevedo Alves
- Grupo de Modelagem Computacional Aplicada (GMCA), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Carius de Souza
- Grupo de Modelagem Computacional Aplicada (GMCA), Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Eveline Gomes Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ademar Alves da Silva Filho
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscila de Faria Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Kostopoulou I, Tzani A, Polyzos NI, Karadendrou MA, Kritsi E, Pontiki E, Liargkova T, Hadjipavlou-Litina D, Zoumpoulakis P, Detsi A. Exploring the 2'-Hydroxy-Chalcone Framework for the Development of Dual Antioxidant and Soybean Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:2777. [PMID: 34066803 PMCID: PMC8125951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
2'-hydroxy-chalcones are naturally occurring compounds with a wide array of bioactivity. In an effort to delineate the structural features that favor antioxidant and lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory activity, the design, synthesis, and bioactivity profile of a series of 2'-hydroxy-chalcones bearing diverse substituents on rings A and B, are presented. Among all the synthesized derivatives, chalcone 4b, bearing two hydroxyl substituents on ring B, was found to possess the best combined activity (82.4% DPPH radical scavenging ability, 82.3% inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and satisfactory LOX inhibition value (IC50 = 70 μM). Chalcone 3c, possessing a methoxymethylene substituent on ring A, and three methoxy groups on ring B, exhibited the most promising LOX inhibitory activity (IC50 = 45 μM). A combination of in silico techniques were utilized in an effort to explore the crucial binding characteristics of the most active compound 3c and its analogue 3b, to LOX. A common H-bond interaction pattern, orienting the hydroxyl and carbonyl groups of the aromatic ring A towards Asp768 and Asn128, respectively, was observed. Regarding the analogue 3c, the bulky (-OMOM) group does not seem to participate in a direct binding, but it induces an orientation capable to form H-bonds between the methoxy groups of the aromatic ring B with Trp130 and Gly247.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Kostopoulou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.K.); (A.T.); (N.-I.P.); (M.-A.K.)
| | - Andromachi Tzani
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.K.); (A.T.); (N.-I.P.); (M.-A.K.)
| | - Nestor-Ioannis Polyzos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.K.); (A.T.); (N.-I.P.); (M.-A.K.)
| | - Maria-Anna Karadendrou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.K.); (A.T.); (N.-I.P.); (M.-A.K.)
| | - Eftichia Kritsi
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Eleni Pontiki
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (T.L.); (D.H.-L.)
| | - Thalia Liargkova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (T.L.); (D.H.-L.)
| | - Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.P.); (T.L.); (D.H.-L.)
| | - Panagiotis Zoumpoulakis
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48, Vas. Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece; (E.K.); (P.Z.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Ag. Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece
| | - Anastasia Detsi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Heroon Polytechniou 9, Zografou Campus, 15780 Athens, Greece; (I.K.); (A.T.); (N.-I.P.); (M.-A.K.)
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Parthasarathy A, Borrego EJ, Savka MA, Dobson RCJ, Hudson AO. Amino acid-derived defense metabolites from plants: A potential source to facilitate novel antimicrobial development. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100438. [PMID: 33610552 PMCID: PMC8024917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For millennia, humanity has relied on plants for its medicines, and modern pharmacology continues to reexamine and mine plant metabolites for novel compounds and to guide improvements in biological activity, bioavailability, and chemical stability. The critical problem of antibiotic resistance and increasing exposure to viral and parasitic diseases has spurred renewed interest into drug treatments for infectious diseases. In this context, an urgent revival of natural product discovery is globally underway with special attention directed toward the numerous and chemically diverse plant defensive compounds such as phytoalexins and phytoanticipins that combat herbivores, microbial pathogens, or competing plants. Moreover, advancements in “omics,” chemistry, and heterologous expression systems have facilitated the purification and characterization of plant metabolites and the identification of possible therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe several important amino acid–derived classes of plant defensive compounds, including antimicrobial peptides (e.g., defensins, thionins, and knottins), alkaloids, nonproteogenic amino acids, and phenylpropanoids as potential drug leads, examining their mechanisms of action, therapeutic targets, and structure–function relationships. Given their potent antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, and antiviral properties, which can be superior to existing drugs, phytoalexins and phytoanticipins are an excellent resource to facilitate the rational design and development of antimicrobial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anutthaman Parthasarathy
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Eli J Borrego
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Michael A Savka
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Renwick C J Dobson
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - André O Hudson
- Rochester Institute of Technology, Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester, New York, USA.
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Exploring Aurone Derivatives as Potential Human Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25204657. [PMID: 33066044 PMCID: PMC7587340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of human pancreatic lipase, a crucial enzyme in dietary fat digestion and absorption, is a potent therapeutic approach for obesity treatment. In this study, human pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of aurone derivatives was explored by molecular modeling approaches. The target protein was human pancreatic lipase (PDB ID: 1LPB). The 3D structures of 82 published bioactive aurone derivatives were docked successfully into the protein catalytic active site, using AutoDock Vina 1.5.7.rc1. Of them, 62 compounds interacted with the key residues of catalytic trial Ser152-Asp176-His263. The top hit compound (A14), with a docking score of −10.6 kcal⋅mol−1, was subsequently submitted to molecular dynamics simulations, using GROMACS 2018.01. Molecular dynamics simulation results showed that A14 formed a stable complex with 1LPB protein via hydrogen bonds with important residues in regulating enzyme activity (Ser152 and Phe77). Compound A14 showed high potency for further studies, such as the synthesis, in vitro and in vivo tests for pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity.
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11
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Yang D, Taylor ZE, Handy S, Li S, Liu J, Stabenow J, Zalduondo L, Jonsson CB, Altman E, Kong Y. Identification of Anti-tuberculosis Compounds From Aurone Analogs. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1004. [PMID: 32508798 PMCID: PMC7251074 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains has made tuberculosis (TB) control more difficult. Aurone derivatives have demonstrated promising anti-bacterial activities, but their effects against Mtb have not been thoroughly determined. In this study, we aimed to develop anti-TB compounds from aurone analogs. We used a fluorescent protein tdTomato labeled Mtb CDC1551 strain to screen 146 synthesized aurone derivatives for effective anti-TB compounds. The 9504, 9505, 9501, 9510, AA2A, and AA8 aurones inhibited the growth of Mtb with minimal inhibitory concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 25, 25, and 50 μM, respectively. We also examined cytotoxicities of the six leads against the human liver cell line HepG2, the primate kidney cell line Vero and human monocyte THP-1 derived macrophages. Three of the aurone leads (9504, 9501, and 9510) showed low cytotoxic effects on all three cell lines and high Mtb inhibitory efficacy (selectivity index > 10). Aurone 9504, 9501, AA2A, or AA8 significantly reduced the Mtb load in the lungs of infected mice after a 12-days treatment. We determined that the aurone leads inhibit Mtb chorismate synthase, an essential enzyme for aromatic acid synthesis. Our studies demonstrate the promise of synthetic aurones as novel anti-TB therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Zachary E Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States.,Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Scott Handy
- Department of Chemistry, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States.,Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Shaoji Li
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jennifer Stabenow
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lillian Zalduondo
- Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Regional Biocontainment Laboratory, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Elliot Altman
- Tennessee Center for Botanical Medicine Research, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States.,Department of Biology, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Hadni H, Elhallaoui M. 3D-QSAR, docking and ADMET properties of aurone analogues as antimalarial agents. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03580. [PMID: 32322700 PMCID: PMC7168746 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of multi-resistant strains of plasmodium parasite has become a global problem, therefore, the discovery of new antimalarial agents is the only available solution. In order to improve and propose new compounds with antimalarial activity, the three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) and molecular docking studies were carried on aurone analogues acting as Qo site inhibitors in cytochrome b. The 3D-QSAR model was established in this study based on the Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) and the Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA). The good predictability was obtained using the CoMFA model (Q2 = 0.5; R2 = 0.97;R pred 2 = 0.72) and the best CoMSIA model (Q2 = 0.526; R2 = 0.915;R pred 2 = 0.765). The predictive capacity of the developed model was evaluated through external validation using a test set compound and an applicability domain technique. In this study, the Steric, electrostatic and hydrogen bond acceptor fields played a key role in antimalarial activity. The results of the molecular docking revealed theoretically the importance of the residues his183 and his82 in the active site of the heme bL, this result was validated by a new assessment method. Based on the previous results, we designed several new potent Cytochrome b inhibitors and their inhibitory activities were predicted by the best model. Furthermore, these new inhibitors were analyzed for their ADMET properties and drug likeness. These results would be of great help in leading optimization for new drug discovery that can solve the problem of multiple drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanine Hadni
- Engineering Materials, Modeling and Environmental Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, B.P. 1796, Atlas, Fes, Morocco
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Abu Bakar A, Akhtar MN, Mohd Ali N, Yeap SK, Quah CK, Loh WS, Alitheen NB, Zareen S, Ul-Haq Z, Shah SAA. Design, Synthesis and Docking Studies of Flavokawain B Type Chalcones and Their Cytotoxic Effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 Cell Lines. Molecules 2018. [PMID: 29518053 PMCID: PMC6017189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavokawain B (1) is a natural chalcone extracted from the roots of Piper methysticum, and has been proven to be a potential cytotoxic compound. Using the partial structure of flavokawain B (FKB), about 23 analogs have been synthesized. Among them, compounds 8, 13 and 23 were found in new FKB derivatives. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against two breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, thus establishing the structure–activity relationship. The FKB derivatives 16 (IC50 = 6.50 ± 0.40 and 4.12 ± 0.20 μg/mL), 15 (IC50 = 5.50 ± 0.35 and 6.50 ± 1.40 μg/mL) and 13 (IC50 = 7.12 ± 0.80 and 4.04 ± 0.30 μg/mL) exhibited potential cytotoxic effects on the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. However, the methoxy group substituted in position three and four in compound 2 (IC50 = 8.90 ± 0.60 and 6.80 ± 0.35 μg/mL) and 22 (IC50 = 8.80 ± 0.35 and 14.16 ± 1.10 μg/mL) exhibited good cytotoxicity. The lead compound FKB (1) showed potential cytotoxicity (IC50 = 7.70 ± 0.30 and 5.90 ± 0.30 μg/mL) against two proposed breast cancer cell lines. It is evident that the FKB skeleton is unique for anticancer agents, additionally, the presence of halogens (Cl and F) in position 2 and 3 also improved the cytotoxicity in FKB series. These findings could help to improve the future drug discovery process to treat breast cancer. A molecular dynamics study of active compounds revealed stable interactions within the active site of Janus kinase. The structures of all compounds were determined by 1H-NMR, EI-MS, IR and UV and X-ray crystallographic spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addila Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Norlaily Mohd Ali
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Chine-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, Sepang 43900, Malaysia.
| | - Ching Kheng Quah
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Wan-Sin Loh
- X-ray Crystallography Unit, School of Physics, University Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Seema Zareen
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences & Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, Kuantan 26300, Malaysia.
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Research Institute of Natural Products for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Malaysia.
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Ashok D, Rangu K, Gundu S, Lakkadi A, Tigulla P. Microwave-assisted synthesis, molecular docking, and biological evaluation of 2-arylidene-2H-furo[2,3-f]chromen-3(7H)-ones as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bao YT, Zhang M, Li T, Xiao HF, Zhao T, Xu XH, Yang LQ. Synthesis and Biological Activities of 6-Hydroxyaurone Derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Tuan Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Ting Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Hui-Feng Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Ting Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Xiao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University; Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Liu-Qing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu China
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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of derriobtusone A isolated from Lonchocarpus obtusus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:248656. [PMID: 24991543 PMCID: PMC4058680 DOI: 10.1155/2014/248656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of derriobtusone A, a flavonoid isolated from Lonchocarpus obtusus, on two important pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as its antioxidant activity and toxicity. Planktonic growth assays were performed, and the inhibition of biofilm formation was evaluated. In addition, antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging assay, ferrous ion chelating assay, ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay, and β-carotene bleaching assay. Toxicity was evaluated by the brine shrimp lethality test. Results showed that derriobtusone A completely inhibited the planktonic growth of S. aureus at 250 and 500 μg/mL; however, it did not have the same activity on E. coli. Derriobtusone A reduced the biomass and colony-forming unit (cfu) of S. aureus biofilm at concentrations of 250 and 500 μg/mL. In various concentrations, it reduced the biofilm biomass of E. coli, and, in all concentrations, it weakly reduced the cfu. Derriobtusone A showed highly efficient antioxidant ability in scavenging DPPH radical and inhibiting β-carotene oxidation. The compound showed no lethality to Artemia sp. nauplii. In conclusion, derriobtusone A may be an effective molecule against S. aureus and its biofilm, as well as a potential antioxidant compound with no toxicity.
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