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Shamszadeh S, Shirvani A, Torabzadeh H, Asgary S. Effects of Growth Factors on the Differentiation of Dental Stem Cells: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (Part I). Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:523-543. [PMID: 35762556 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220628125048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To evaluate the biological interaction between dental stem cells (DSCs) and different growth factors in the field of regenerative endodontics. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the electronic databases up to October 2021. This study followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Ex vivo studies evaluating the biological interactions of DSCs and growth factors were included. The meta-analysis was performed according to the type of growth factor. The outcomes were cell viability/ proliferation and mineralization. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were estimated using the random-effect maximum-likelihood method (P < .05). Additional analysis was performed to find any potential source of heterogeneity. RESULTS Twenty articles were included in the systematic review; meta-analysis was performed for fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and Transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-β1) (n = 5). Results showed that use of FGF-2 significantly increased cell proliferation on day 1-(SMD = 3.56, P = 0.00), 3-(SMD = 9.04, P = 0.00), 5-(SMD = 8.37, P = 0.01), and 7 (SMD=8.51, P=0.00) than the control group. TGF-ß1 increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity more than control only on day 3 (SMD = 3.68, P = 0.02). TGF-β1 had no significant effect on cell proliferation on days 1 and 3 (P > 0.05) and on ALP activity on days 5 and 7 (P > 0.05). Meta-regression analysis showed that different covariates (i.e., cell type, passage number, and growth factors' concentration) could significantly influence the effect sizes at different follow- ups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Specific growth factors might enhance the proliferation and mineralization of DSCs; however, the obtained evidence was weak. Due to the high heterogeneity among the included studies, other growth factors' inhibitory/stimulatory effects on DSCs could not be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayna Shamszadeh
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Shirvani
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Torabzadeh
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Asgary
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rathinam E, Rajasekharan S, Declercq H, Vanhove C, De Coster P, Martens L. Effect of Intracoronal Sealing Biomaterials on the Histological Outcome of Endodontic Revitalisation in Immature Sheep Teeth-A Pilot Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040214. [PMID: 37103304 PMCID: PMC10144940 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the newly formed regenerative tissue after endodontic revitalisation therapy remains unexplored. The objective of this study was to compare the gene expression profiles of two different tricalcium silicate-based biomaterials alongside the histological outcomes of endodontic revitalisation therapy in immature sheep teeth. The messenger RNA expression of TGF-β, BMP2, BGLAP, VEGFA, WNT5A, MMP1, TNF-α and SMAD6 was evaluated after 1 day with qRT-PCR. For evaluation of histological outcomes, revitalisation therapy was performed using Biodentine (n = 4) or ProRoot white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) (n = 4) in immature sheep according to the European Society of Endodontology position statement. After 6 months' follow-up, one tooth in the Biodentine group was lost to avulsion. Histologically, extent of inflammation, presence or absence of tissue with cellularity and vascularity inside the pulp space, area of tissue with cellularity and vascularity, length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal wall, number and area of blood vessels and area of empty root canal space were measured by two independent investigators. All continuous data were subjected to statistical analysis using Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test at a significance level of p < 0.05. Biodentine and ProRoot WMTA upregulated the genes responsible for odontoblast differentiation, mineralisation and angiogenesis. Biodentine induced the formation of a significantly larger area of neoformed tissue with cellularity, vascularity and increased length of odontoblast lining attached to the dentinal walls compared to ProRoot WMTA (p < 0.05), but future studies with larger sample size and adequate power as estimated by the results of this pilot study would confirm the effect of intracoronal sealing biomaterials on the histological outcome of endodontic revitalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elanagai Rathinam
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sivaprakash Rajasekharan
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Christian Vanhove
- Medical Imaging & Signal Processing, Infinity Laboratory, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Coster
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Oral Biology, Dental School, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Martens
- ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) Research Group, Paediatric Dentistry, Oral Health Sciences, Ghent University Hospital, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Molecular Signature of Neuroinflammation Induced in Cytokine-Stimulated Human Cortical Spheroids. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051025. [PMID: 35625761 PMCID: PMC9138619 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Crucial in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is the process of neuroinflammation that is often linked to the pro-inflammatory cytokines Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β). Human cortical spheroids (hCSs) constitute a valuable tool to study the molecular mechanisms underlying neurological diseases in a complex three-dimensional context. We recently designed a protocol to generate hCSs comprising all major brain cell types. Here we stimulate these hCSs for three time periods with TNFα and with IL-1β. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that the main process induced in the TNFα- as well as in the IL-1β-stimulated hCSs is neuroinflammation. Central in the neuroinflammatory response are endothelial cells, microglia and astrocytes, and dysregulated genes encoding cytokines, chemokines and their receptors, and downstream NFκB- and STAT-pathway components. Furthermore, we observe sets of neuroinflammation-related genes that are specifically modulated in the TNFα-stimulated and in the IL-1β-stimulated hCSs. Together, our results help to molecularly understand human neuroinflammation and thus a key mechanism of neurodegeneration.
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Wang F, Tao R, Zhao L, Hao XH, Zou Y, Lin Q, Liu MM, Goldman G, Luo D, Chen S. Differential lncRNA/mRNA Expression Profiling and Functional Network Analyses in Bmp2 Deletion of Mouse Dental Papilla Cells. Front Genet 2022; 12:702540. [PMID: 35003201 PMCID: PMC8727545 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.702540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bmp2 is essential for dentin development and formation. Bmp2 conditional knock-out (KO) mice display a similar tooth phenotype of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). To elucidate a foundation for subsequent functional studies of cross talk between mRNAs and lncRNAs in Bmp2-mediated dentinogenesis, we investigated the profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs using immortalized mouse dental Bmp2 flox/flox (iBmp2fx/fx) and Bmp2 knock-out (iBmp2ko/ko) papilla cells. RNA sequencing was implemented to study the expression of the lncRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to predict functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network were analyzed by using bioinformatics methods. As a result, a total of 22 differentially expressed lncRNAs (16 downregulated vs 6 upregulated) and 227 differentially expressed mRNAs (133 downregulated vs. 94 upregulated) were identified in the iBmp2ko/ko cells compared with those of the iBmp2fx/fx cells. RT-qPCR results showed significantly differential expressions of several lncRNAs and mRNAs which were consistent with the RNA-seq data. GO and KEGG analyses showed differentially expressed genes were closely related to cell differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and developmentally relevant signaling pathways. Moreover, network-based bioinformatics analysis depicted the co-expression network between lncRNAs and mRNAs regulated by Bmp2 in mouse dental papilla cells and symmetrically analyzed the effect of Bmp2 during dentinogenesis via coding and non-coding RNA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ran Tao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hui Hao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng Meng Liu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Graham Goldman
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Daoshu Luo
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induces VEGF Expression and Production in Rat Odontoblastic Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5390720. [PMID: 31930126 PMCID: PMC6942799 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5390720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), the main component of propolis, has various biological activities including anti-inflammatory effect and wound healing promotion. Odontoblasts located in the outermost layer of dental pulp play crucial roles such as production of growth factors and formation of hard tissue termed reparative dentin in host defense against dental caries. In this study, we investigated the effects of CAPE on the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and calcification activities of odontoblasts, leading to development of novel therapy for dental pulp inflammation caused by dental caries. CAPE significantly induced mRNA expression and production of VEGF in rat clonal odontoblast-like KN-3 cells cultured in normal medium or osteogenic induction medium. CAPE treatment enhanced nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor activation, and furthermore, the specific inhibitor of NF-κB significantly reduced VEGF production. The expression of VEGF receptor- (VEGFR-) 2, not VEGFR-1, was up regulated in KN-3 cells treated with CAPE. In addition, VEGF significantly increased mineralization activity in KN-3 cells. These findings suggest that CAPE might be useful as a novel biological material for the dental pulp conservative therapy.
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Lyu Y, Jia S, Wang S, Wang T, Tian W, Chen G. Gestational diabetes mellitus affects odontoblastic differentiation of dental papilla cells via Toll‐like receptor 4 signaling in offspring. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3519-3528. [PMID: 31595494 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lyu
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
| | - Sixun Jia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Shikang Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Weidong Tian
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Guoqing Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China
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Morotomi T, Washio A, Kitamura C. Current and future options for dental pulp therapy. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2018; 55:5-11. [PMID: 30733839 PMCID: PMC6354285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp is a connective tissue and has functions that include initiative, formative, protective, nutritive, and reparative activities. However, it has relatively low compliance, because it is enclosed in hard tissue. Its low compliance against damage, such as dental caries, results in the frequent removal of dental pulp during endodontic therapy. Loss of dental pulp frequently leads to fragility of the tooth, and eventually, a deterioration in the patient’s quality of life. With the development of biomaterials such as bioceramics and advances in pulp biology such as the identification of dental pulp stem cells, novel ideas for the preservation of dental pulp, the regenerative therapy of dental pulp, and new biomaterials for direct pulp capping have now been proposed. Therapies for dental pulp are classified into three categories; direct pulp capping, vital pulp amputation, and treatment for non-vital teeth. In this review, we discuss current and future treatment options in these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Ayako Washio
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Science of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan
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8
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Ni SL, Zhang J, Liu X, Li XW, Sun YJ, Zhang X, Wang L, Lu JJ, Cui Y, Zheng CY, Han B, Sun HC. Effects of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 ( hBMP2) on tertiary dentin formation. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:2868-2876. [PMID: 30323873 PMCID: PMC6176225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Formation of tertiary dentin to maintain pulp vitality is a major odontoblastic response to dental pulp injury. Human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2) can promote proliferation and differentiation of odontoblasts. Current study is interested in evaluating if the hBMP2 can promote the regeneration of tertiary dentin and cure dental pulp injury using the adenoviral vector to deliver hBMP2 cDNA into the pulp. Primary culture of dental pulp cells of exfoliated deciduous teeth (hDPCs) was established. Human serotype 5 adenoviral vector, AdCMV-hBMP2, was created. AdCMV-hBMP2 was used to transduce hDPCs in vitro and dental pulp cells in animal model in vivo. Data clearly demonstrated that hBMP2 increased ALP and mineralization. Reverse transcription-real time quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) data showed that hBMP2 dramatically increased gene expressions of Runx2 (Runt-related transcription factor 2), ALP, Col Iα (Collagen 1a1), SP7 (Osterix), DMP1 (dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1), DSPP (dentin sialophosphoprotein), and BSP (bonesialoprotein), which are normally involved in osteogenesis/odontogenesis. Data from in vivo assays demonstrated that hBMP2 promoted pulp cell proliferation and increased formation of tertiary dentin in dental pulp. Our in vitro and in vivo data suggest that hBMP2 gene can efficiently be delivered into the dental pulp cells by adenovirus, and show potential clinical application for the treatment of dental pulp damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Ni
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Municipal HospitalQingdao 266011, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xia Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Wei Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Jian Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jin Lu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cui
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Chang-Yu Zheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of HealthMD 20892, USA
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Chen Sun
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for Stomatology NanoengineeringChangchun 130021, Jilin, P. R. China
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Yin X, Zeng Z, Xing J, Zhang A, Jiang W, Wang W, Sun H, Ni L. Hey1 functions as a positive regulator of odontogenic differentiation in odontoblast‑lineage cells. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:331-339. [PMID: 29138798 PMCID: PMC5746322 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence has indicated that Notch and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling may regulate odontoblastic differentiation. Hairy/enhancer‑of‑split related with YRPW motif 1 (Hey1), a downstream target gene of Notch and BMP signaling, is expressed in dental pulp tissues and has been demonstrated to be responsible for osteoblast mineralization. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Hey1 on odontoblast differentiation. The results of the study demonstrated that Hey1 expression in odontoblast‑lineage cells (OLCs) was upregulated by stimulation of osteoblastic/odontoblastic differentiation medium containing ascorbic acid, β‑glycerol phosphate and dexamethasone. Furthermore, stable Hey1‑overexpressing cells expressed higher levels of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and exhibited higher mineralization capabilities following stimulation by differentiation medium. Furthermore, RNA interference‑mediated knockdown of Hey1 downregulated the expression levels of DSPP in OLCs stimulated by differentiation medium. Taken together, the findings indicate that Hey1 may be a positive regulator of odontoblastic differentiation. The present study broadens the understanding of odontoblast differentiation and biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Zhaobin Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, Liaoning 110015, P.R. China
| | - Jinliang Xing
- Preclinical Medical Teaching Experimental Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Ansheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wenkai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Hantang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
| | - Longxing Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China
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Functional Roles of NOD1 in Odontoblasts on Dental Pulp Innate Immunity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:9325436. [PMID: 27747243 PMCID: PMC5055926 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9325436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Caries-related pathogens are first recognized by odontoblasts and induce inflammatory events that develop to pulpitis. Generally, initial sensing of microbial pathogens is mediated by pattern recognition receptors, such as Toll-like receptor and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD); however, little is known about NODs in odontoblasts. In this study, the levels of NODs expressed in rat odontoblastic cell line, KN-3, were assessed by flow cytometry and the levels of chemokines in NOD-specific ligand-stimulated KN-3 cells were analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA. The signal transduction pathway activated with NOD-specific ligand was assessed by blocking assay with specific inhibitors and reporter assay. In KN-3 cells, the expression level of NOD1 was stronger than that of NOD2 and the production of chemokines, such as CINC-1, CINC-2, CCL20, and MCP-1, was upregulated by stimulation with NOD1-specific ligand, but not with NOD2-specific ligand. CINC-2 and CCL20 production by stimulation with NOD1-specific ligand was reduced by p38 MAPK and AP-1 signaling inhibitors. Furthermore, the reporter assay demonstrated AP-1 activation in NOD1-specific ligand-stimulated KN-3 cells. These findings indicated that NOD1 expressed in odontoblasts functions to upregulate the chemokines expression via p38-AP-1 signaling pathway and suggested that NOD1 may play important roles in the initiation and progression of pulpitis.
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Nakagawa A, Okinaga T, Ariyoshi W, Morotomi T, Kitamura C, Nishihara T. Effects of Interferon-γ on odontoblastic differentiation and mineralization of odontoblast-like cells. Inflamm Regen 2015. [DOI: 10.2492/inflammregen.35.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aika Nakagawa
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Pulp Biology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Cariology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Pulp Biology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Cariology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Pulp Biology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Cariology and Periodontology, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Morotomi T, Kitamura C, Okinaga T, Nishihara T, Sakagami R, Anan H. Continuous fever-range heat stress induces thermotolerance in odontoblast-lineage cells. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:741-8. [PMID: 24814171 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Heat shock during restorative procedures can trigger damage to the pulpodentin complex. While severe heat shock has toxic effects, fever-range heat stress exerts beneficial effects on several cells and tissues. In this study, we examined whether continuous fever-range heat stress (CFHS) has beneficial effects on thermotolerance in the rat clonal dental pulp cell line with odontoblastic properties, KN-3. METHODS KN-3 cells were cultured at 41°C for various periods, and the expression level of several proteins was assessed by Western blot analysis. After pre-heat-treatment at 41°C for various periods, KN-3 cells were exposed to lethal severe heat shock (LSHS) at 49°C for 10min, and cell viability was examined using the MTS assay. Additionally, the expression level of odontoblast differentiation makers in surviving cells was examined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS CFHS increased the expression levels of several heat shock proteins (HSPs) in KN-3 cells, and induced transient cell cycle arrest. KN-3 cells, not pre-heated or exposed to CFHS for 1 or 3h, died after exposure to LSHS. In contrast, KN-3 cells exposed to CFHS for 12h were transiently lower on day 1, but increased on day 3 after LSHS. The surviving cells expressed odontoblast differentiation markers, dentine sialoprotein and dentine matrix protein-1. These results suggest that CFHS for 12h improves tolerance to LSHS by inducing HSPs expression and cell cycle arrest in KN-3 cells. CONCLUSIONS The appropriate pretreatment with continuous fever-range heat stress can provide protection against lethal heat shock in KN-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan.
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Ryuji Sakagami
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hisashi Anan
- Section of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Department of Odontology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
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13
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Wang X, He H, Wu X, Hu J, Tan Y. Promotion of dentin regeneration via CCN3 modulation on Notch and BMP signaling pathways. Biomaterials 2014; 35:2720-9. [PMID: 24406215 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dentin regeneration remains a great challenge in clinic. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) actively contribute to dentinogenesis, which is orchestrated by a spectrum of signaling factors. However, the exact mechanism underlying the reparative dentin regeneration process is largely unknown and the application of DPSCs in the repair of dentin defect is thus limited. Here, using a rat reparative dentin regeneration model, we observed that DPSCs underwent a proliferation phase followed by a differentiation phase after dental injury. A transient elevation of nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV, or CCN3) expression correlated with this progressive dental tissue restoration process. Further studies revealed that over-expression of CCN3 promoted human DPSCs proliferation via activation of Notch. Moreover, using cocultured cells (DPSCs/CCN3 and DPSCs) in vitro and the cocultured cells-poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold complex in vivo, we demonstrated that CCN3 was capable of promoting mineralization in a non-cell autonomous manner through promoting secretion of BMP2. CCN3 can promote dentinogenesis by coordinating proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs via modulating Notch and BMP2 signaling pathways and CCN3 is a promising therapeutic target in dentin tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Haitao He
- Department of Maxillofacial and Head-Neck Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China
| | - Jiang Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yinghui Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, PR China.
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14
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Kim JG, Son KM, Park HC, Zhu T, Kwon JH, Yang HC. Stimulating effects of quercetin and phenamil on differentiation of human dental pulp cells. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:559-65. [PMID: 24102669 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dentin formation is preferred in the healing response of the pulp to pulp-capping agents during vital pulp therapy. Enhancement of the dentinogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells is thought to accelerate pulp repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dentinogenic activity of small molecules (three flavonoids and phenamil) that have been shown previously to induce osteoblast differentiation. Among the flavonoids (quercetin, genistein and baicalin), quercetin induced the highest alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of human dental pulp (HDP) cells. Phenamil, an amiloride derivative, elicited higher ALP activity than quercetin. However, increased expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mRNA and mineral deposition were seen in cultures treated with quercetin compared with phenamil. This would seem to suggest that quercetin is the most dentinogenic agent among the tested chemicals. The increase in ALP activity in the quercetin-treated cells was not affected by ICI 182,780, an estrogen receptor inhibitor, and was partially blocked by PD98059, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) inhibitor. This suggests that ERK1/2 is activated in the quercetin-induced differentiation of HDP cells without the mediation of estrogen receptors, which are known to be involved in osteoblast differentiation induced by quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Gil Kim
- Department of Dental Biomaterials Science and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Chonro-gu, Seoul, Korea
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15
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Nair AM, Tsai YT, Shah KM, Shen J, Weng H, Zhou J, Sun X, Saxena R, Borrelli J, Tang L. The effect of erythropoietin on autologous stem cell-mediated bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2013; 34:7364-71. [PMID: 23831188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) although used for bone tissue engineering are limited by the requirement of isolation and culture prior to transplantation. Our recent studies have shown that biomaterial implants can be engineered to facilitate the recruitment of MSCs. In this study, we explore the ability of these implants to direct the recruitment and the differentiation of MSCs in the setting of a bone defect. We initially determined that both stromal derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1α) and erythropoietin (Epo) prompted different degrees of MSC recruitment. Additionally, we found that Epo and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), but not SDF-1α, triggered the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro. We then investigated the possibility of directing autologous MSC-mediated bone regeneration using a murine calvaria model. Consistent with our in vitro observations, Epo-releasing scaffolds were found to be more potent in bridging the defect than BMP-2 loaded scaffolds, as determined by computed tomography (CT) scanning, fluorescent imaging and histological analyses. These results demonstrate the tremendous potential, directing the recruitment and differentiation of autologous MSCs has in the field of tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin M Nair
- Bioengineering Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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