1
|
Enkhbat M, Zhong B, Chang R, Geng J, Lu LS, Chen YJ, Wang PY. Harnessing Focal Adhesions to Accelerate p53 Accumulation and Anoikis of A549 Cells Using Colloidal Self-Assembled Patterns (cSAPs). ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:322-333. [PMID: 35034455 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including topography and biological molecules, is crucial in cancer cell attachment, growth, and even the sensitivity to the chemo and cell drugs treatment. This study hypothesizes that mimic ECM structures can alter the attachment and drug sensitivity of cancer cells. A family of artificial ECM called colloidal self-assembled patterns (cSAPs) was fabricated to mimic tumor ECM structures. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and drug sensitivity of the A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were studied on 24 cSAPs, named cSAP#1-cSAP#24, where surface topography and wettability were distinct. The results showed that cell adhesion and cell spreading were generally reduced on cSAPs compared to the flat controls. In addition, the synergistic effect of cSAPs and several chemo drugs on cell survival was investigated. Interestingly, A549 cells were more sensitive to the combination of doxorubicin and cSAP#4. Under this condition, the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling was downregulated while p53 signaling was upregulated, confirmed by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. It indicates that the specific surface structure could induce higher drug sensitivity and in vitro anoikis of A549 cells. A serum alternative, human platelet lysate (hPL), and different cSAPs were examined to verify our hypothesis. The result further confirmed that cell adhesion strongly affected the drug sensitivity of A549 cells. This study demonstrates that the tumor ECM is vital in cancer cell activity and drug sensitivity; therefore, it should be considered in drug discovery and therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Myagmartsend Enkhbat
- Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Boya Zhong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ray Chang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jin Geng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Long-Sheng Lu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ju Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Peng-Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials and Cellular Immunomodulation, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manoochehri H, Jalali A, Tanzadehpanah H, Taherkhani A, Saidijam M. Identification of Key Gene Targets for Sensitizing Colorectal Cancer to Chemoradiation: an Integrative Network Analysis on Multiple Transcriptomics Data. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 53:649-668. [PMID: 34432208 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-021-00690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Chemoradioresistance is a major problem in CRC treatment. Identification of novel therapeutic targets in order to overcome treatment resistance in CRC is necessary. METHODS In this study, gene expression omnibus (GEO) database was searched to find microarray datasets. Data normalization/analyzing was performed using ExAtlas. The gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis was performed using g:Profiler. Protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed by Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) and analyzed using Cytoscape. Survival analysis was done using Kaplan-Meier curve method. RESULTS Forty-one eligible datasets were included in study. A total of 12,244 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 7337 unique DEGs were identified. Among them, 1187 DEGs were overlapped in ≥ 3 datasets. Fifty-five overlapped genes were considered as hub genes. Common hub genes in chemo/radiation/chemoradiation datasets were chosen as the essential candidate genes (n = 13). Forty-one hub gene and 7 essential candidate genes were contributed in the significant modules. The modules were mainly enriched in the signaling pathways of senescence, autophagy, NF-κB, HIF-1, stem cell pluripotency, notch, neovascularization, cell cycle, p53, chemokine, and PI3K-Akt. NGFR, FGF2, and PROM1 genes were significantly predictors of CRC patient's survival. CONCLUSION Our study revealed three-gene signatures as potential therapeutic targets and also candidate molecular markers in CRC chemoradioresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Manoochehri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Jalali
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamid Tanzadehpanah
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deville SS, Cordes N. The Extracellular, Cellular, and Nuclear Stiffness, a Trinity in the Cancer Resistome-A Review. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1376. [PMID: 31867279 PMCID: PMC6908495 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in mechano-physiological properties of a tissue instigate cancer burdens in parallel to common genetic and epigenetic alterations. The chronological and mechanistic interrelation between the various extra- and intracellular aspects remains largely elusive. Mechano-physiologically, integrins and other cell adhesion molecules present the main mediators for transferring and distributing forces between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM). These cues are channeled via focal adhesion proteins, termed the focal adhesomes, to cytoskeleton and nucleus and vice versa thereby affecting the pathophysiology of multicellular cancer tissues. In combination with simultaneous activation of diverse downstream signaling pathways, the phenotypes of cancer cells are created and driven characterized by deregulated transcriptional and biochemical cues that elicit the hallmarks of cancer. It, however, remains unclear how elastostatic modifications, i.e., stiffness, in the extracellular, intracellular, and nuclear compartment contribute and control the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. In this review, we discuss how stiffness of unique tumor components dictates therapy response and what is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sofia Deville
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
- Germany German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Wu Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Lü D, Shangguan B, Gao Y, Long M. Flow-enhanced priming of hESCs through H2B acetylation and chromatin decondensation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:349. [PMID: 31775893 PMCID: PMC6880446 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1454-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinct mechanical stimuli are known to manipulate the behaviors of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Fundamental rationale of how ESCs respond to mechanical forces and the potential biological effects remain elusive. Here we conducted the mechanobiological study for hESCs upon mechanomics analysis to unravel typical mechanosensitive processes on hESC-specific fluid shear. METHODS hESC line H1 was subjected to systematically varied shear flow, and mechanosensitive proteins were obtained by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. Then, function enrichment analysis was performed to identify the enriched gene sets. Under a steady shear flow of 1.1 Pa for 24 h, protein expressions were further detected using western blotting (WB), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. Meanwhile, the cells were treated with 200 nM trichostatin (TSA) for 1 h as positive control to test chromatin decondensation. Actin, DNA, and RNA were then visualized with TRITC-labeled phalloidin, Hoechst 33342, and SYTO® RNASelect™ green fluorescent cell stain (Life Technologies), respectively. In addition, cell stiffness was determined with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and annexin V-PE was used to determine the apoptosis with a flow cytometer (FCM). RESULTS Typical mechanosensitive proteins were unraveled upon mechanomics analysis under fluid shear related to hESCs in vivo. Functional analyses revealed significant alterations in histone acetylation, nuclear size, and cytoskeleton for hESC under shear flow. Shear flow was able to induce H2B acetylation and nuclear spreading by CFL2/F-actin cytoskeletal reorganization. The resulting chromatin decondensation and a larger nucleus readily accommodate signaling molecules and transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS Shear flow regulated chromatin dynamics in hESCs via cytoskeleton and nucleus alterations and consolidated their primed state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Wang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyuan Lü
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Shangguan
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Yuxin Gao
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Mian Long
- Center for Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Microgravity (National Microgravity Laboratory) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Engineered Construction and Mechanobiology, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China. .,School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao S, Shen J, Hornicek F, Duan Z. Three-dimensional (3D) culture in sarcoma research and the clinical significance. Biofabrication 2017; 9:032003. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa7fdb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
6
|
Babel L, Grunewald M, Lehn R, Langhans M, Meckel T. Direct evidence for cell adhesion-mediated radioresistance (CAM-RR) on the level of individual integrin β1 clusters. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3393. [PMID: 28611417 PMCID: PMC5469790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular interaction with the extracellular matrix (ECM) modulates many key processes such as proliferation, migration, differentiation and survival. In addition, cells cultured under 3D conditions in presence of an ECM display a marked radioresistance towards ionizing radiation (IR) in comparison to conventionally 2D cultured cells. This process, also known as "cell-adhesion-mediated-radio-resistance" (CAM-RR), has been linked to the chromatin structure that differs between cells cultured on stiff surfaces versus cell grown on soft planar supports or in 3D environments. As integrins are the key mediators of cell adhesion and mechanosensing, they originate the molecular signalling towards chromatin remodelling in response to a cell's microenvironment. We aimed to investigate this molecular origin that leads to CAM-RR by investigating the distribution of integrins at the single molecule level and show that cells cultured in 2D keep a lower fraction of integrin β1 in clusters and maintain a less defined cluster status than 3D cultured cells. Upon X-irradiation this nanoscale distribution of integrin β1 is disturbed at much lower dosages in 2D versus 3D cultured cells. Radioresistance is thus linked to the ability to maintain a well defined organization of integrins in clusters, making integrin distribution a potential drug target for radiosensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Babel
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,GRK 1657, Molecular and cellular responses to ionizing radiation, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Miriam Grunewald
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,GRK 1657, Molecular and cellular responses to ionizing radiation, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Robert Lehn
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Langhans
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tobias Meckel
- Membrane Dynamics, Department of Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany. .,GRK 1657, Molecular and cellular responses to ionizing radiation, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tan LH, Sykes PH, Alkaisi MM, Evans JJ. Cell-like features imprinted in the physical nano- and micro-topography of the environment modify the responses to anti-cancer drugs of endometrial cancer cells. Biofabrication 2017; 9:015017. [DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aa5c9a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
8
|
A Novel High-Throughput 3D Screening System for EMT Inhibitors: A Pilot Screening Discovered the EMT Inhibitory Activity of CDK2 Inhibitor SU9516. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162394. [PMID: 27622654 PMCID: PMC5021355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a crucial pathological event in cancer, particularly in tumor cell budding and metastasis. Therefore, control of EMT can represent a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer. Here, we introduce an innovative three-dimensional (3D) high-throughput screening (HTS) system that leads to an identification of EMT inhibitors. For the establishment of the novel 3D-HTS system, we chose NanoCulture Plates (NCP) that provided a gel-free micro-patterned scaffold for cells and were independent of other spheroid formation systems using soft-agar. In the NCP-based 3D cell culture system, A549 lung cancer cells migrated, gathered, and then formed multiple spheroids within 7 days. Live cell imaging experiments showed that an established EMT-inducer TGF-β promoted peripheral cells around the core of spheroids to acquire mesenchymal spindle shapes, loss of intercellular adhesion, and migration from the spheroids. Along with such morphological change, EMT-related gene expression signatures were altered, particularly alteration of mRNA levels of ECAD/CDH1, NCAD/CDH2, VIM and ZEB1/TCF8. These EMT-related phenotypic changes were blocked by SB431542, a TGF-βreceptor I (TGFβR1) inhibitor. Inside of the spheroids were highly hypoxic; in contrast, spheroid-derived peripheral migrating cells were normoxic, revealed by visualization and quantification using Hypoxia Probe. Thus, TGF-β-triggered EMT caused spheroid hypoplasia and loss of hypoxia. Spheroid EMT inhibitory (SEMTIN) activity of SB431542 was calculated from fluorescence intensities of the Hypoxia Probe, and then was utilized in a drug screening of EMT-inhibitory small molecule compounds. In a pilot screening, 9 of 1,330 compounds were above the thresholds of the SEMTIN activity and cell viability. Finally, two compounds SB-525334 and SU9516 showed SEMTIN activities in a dose dependent manner. SB-525334 was a known TGFβR1 inhibitor. SU9516 was a cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibitor, which we showed also had an EMT-inhibitory activity. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of SB-525334 and SU9516 were 0.31 μM and 1.21 μM, respectively, while IC50 of SB431542 was 2.38 μM. Taken together, it was shown that this 3D NCP-based HTS system was useful for screening of EMT-regulatory drugs.
Collapse
|
9
|
da Fonseca LM, da Silva VA, Freire-de-Lima L, Previato JO, Mendonça-Previato L, Capella MAM. Glycosylation in Cancer: Interplay between Multidrug Resistance and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition? Front Oncol 2016; 6:158. [PMID: 27446804 PMCID: PMC4916178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of unusual glycan structures is a hallmark of cancer progression, and their functional roles in cancer biology have been extensively investigated in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) models. EMT is a physiological process involved in embryonic development and wound healing. It is characterized by loss of epithelial cell polarity and cell adhesion, permitting cell migration, and thus formation of new epithelia. However, this process is unwanted when occurring outside their physiological limit, resulting in fibrosis of organs and progression of cancer and metastasis. Several studies observed that EMT is related to the acquisition of multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype, a condition in which cancer cells acquire resistance to multiple different drugs, which has virtually nothing in common. However, although some studies suggested interplay between these two apparently distinct phenomena, almost nothing is known about this possible relationship. A common pathway to them is the need for glycosylation, a post-translational modification that can alter biological function. Thus, this review intends to compile the main facts obtained until now in these two areas, as an effort to unravel the relationship between EMT and MDR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Marques da Fonseca
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Vanessa Amil da Silva
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Leonardo Freire-de-Lima
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - José Osvaldo Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Lucia Mendonça-Previato
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro , Brazil
| | - Márcia Alves Marques Capella
- Laboratório de Glicobiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de P&D em Práticas Integrativas e Complementares, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang HY, Hsu MK, Wang KH, Tseng CP, Chen FC, Hsu JTA. Non-small-cell lung cancer cells combat epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition through immediate adhesion-related responses. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2961-73. [PMID: 27284246 PMCID: PMC4881734 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib, have greatly improved treatment efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with drug-sensitive EGFR mutations. However, in some TKI responders, the benefits of such targeted therapies are limited by the rapid development of resistance, and strategies to overcome this resistance are urgently needed. Studies of drug resistance in cancer cells typically involve long term in vitro induction to obtain stably acquired drug-resistant cells followed by elucidation of resistance mechanisms, but the immediate responses of cancer cells upon drug treatment have been ignored. The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate responses of NSCLC cells upon treatment with EGFR TKIs. RESULTS Both NSCLC cells, ie, PC9 and H1975, showed immediate enhanced adhesion-related responses as an apoptosis-countering mechanism upon first-time TKI treatment. By gene expression and pathway analysis, adhesion-related pathways were enriched in gefitinib-treated PC9 cells. Pathway inhibition by small-hairpin RNAs or small-molecule drugs revealed that within hours of EGFR TKI treatment, NSCLC cells used adhesion-related responses to combat the drugs. Importantly, we show here that the Src family inhibitor, dasatinib, dramatically inhibits cell adhesion-related response and greatly enhances the cell-killing effects of EGFR TKI (gefitinib for the PC9 cells; afatinib for the H1975 cells) in NSCLC cells, which would otherwise escape the TKI-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION Results from this study indicate that NSCLC cells can employ the adhesion response as a survival pathway to survive under EGFR-targeted therapy. Simultaneous targeting of EGFR signaling and adhesion pathways would further boost the efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapy in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsian-Yu Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Miaoli County, Republic of China; Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Min-Kung Hsu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Miaoli County, Republic of China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kai-Hsuan Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Miaoli County, Republic of China
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Feng-Chi Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Miaoli County, Republic of China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - John T-A Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Zhunan, Miaoli County, Republic of China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University (NCTU), Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zscheppang K, Kurth I, Wachtel N, Dubrovska A, Kunz-Schughart LA, Cordes N. Efficacy of Beta1 Integrin and EGFR Targeting in Sphere-Forming Human Head and Neck Cancer Cells. J Cancer 2016; 7:736-45. [PMID: 27076856 PMCID: PMC4829561 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Resistance to radiotherapy continues to be a limiting factor in the treatment of cancer including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Simultaneous targeting of β1 integrin and EGFR was shown to have a higher radiosensitizing potential than mono-targeting in the majority of tested HNSCC cancer models. As tumor-initiating cells (TIC) are thought to play a key role for therapy resistance and recurrence and can be enriched in sphere forming conditions, this study investigated the efficacy of β1 integrin/EGFR targeting without and in combination with X-ray irradiation on the behavior of sphere-forming cells (SFC). Methods: HNSCC cell lines (UTSCC15, UTSCC5, Cal33, SAS) were injected subcutaneously into nude mice for tumor up-take and plated for primary and secondary sphere formation under non-adhesive conditions which is thought to reflect the enrichment of SFC and their self-renewal capacity, respectively. Treatment was accomplished by inhibitory antibodies for β1 integrin (AIIB2) and EGFR (Cetuximab) as well as X-ray irradiation (2 - 6 Gy single doses). Further, flow cytometry for TIC marker expression and cell cycling as well as Western blotting for DNA repair protein expression and phosphorylation were employed. Results: We found higher primary and secondary sphere forming capacity of SAS cells relative to other HNSCC cell lines, which was in line with the tumor up-take rates of SAS versus UTSCC15 cells. AIIB2 and Cetuximab administration had minor cytotoxic and no radiosensitizing effects on SFC. Intriguingly, secondary SAS spheres, representing the fraction of surviving SFC upon passaging, showed greatly enhanced radiosensitivity compared to primary spheres. Intriguingly, neither AIIB2 nor Cetuximab significantly altered basal sphere forming capacity and radiosensitivity. While an increased accumulation of G0/G1 phase cells was observable in secondary SAS spheres, DNA double strand break repair indicated no difference on the basis of significantly enhanced ATM and Chk2 dephosphorylation upon irradiation. Conclusions: In the HNSCC model, sphere-forming conditions select for cells, which are unsusceptible to both anti-β1 integrin and anti-EGFR inhibitory antibodies. With regard to primary and secondary sphere formation, our data suggest that both of these SFC fractions express distinct survival strategies independent from β1 integrin and EGFR and that future work is warranted to better understand SFC survival and enrichment before and after treatment to untangle the underlying mechanisms for identifying novel, druggable cancer targets in SFC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Zscheppang
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany;; 2. Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Ina Kurth
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany;; 3. National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Wachtel
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany;; 5. Institute of Radiooncology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany;; 6. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany;; 7. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany;; 5. Institute of Radiooncology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Cordes
- 1. OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Germany;; 4. Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany;; 5. Institute of Radiooncology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany;; 6. German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany;; 7. German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vehlow A, Storch K, Matzke D, Cordes N. Molecular Targeting of Integrins and Integrin-Associated Signaling Networks in Radiation Oncology. Recent Results Cancer Res 2016; 198:89-106. [PMID: 27318682 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-49651-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiation and chemotherapy are the main pillars of the current multimodal treatment concept for cancer patients. However, tumor recurrences and resistances still hamper treatment success regardless of advances in radiation beam application, particle radiotherapy, and optimized chemotherapeutics. To specifically intervene at key recurrence- and resistance-promoting molecular processes, the development of potent and specific molecular-targeted agents is demanded for an efficient, safe, and simultaneous integration into current standard of care regimens. Potential targets for such an approach are integrins conferring structural and biochemical communication between cells and their microenvironment. Integrin binding to extracellular matrix activates intracellular signaling for regulating essential cellular functions such as survival, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and cell motility. Tumor-associated characteristics such as invasion, metastasis, and radiochemoresistance also highly depend on integrin function. Owing to their dual functionality and their overexpression in the majority of human malignancies, integrins present ideal and accessible targets for cancer therapy. In the following chapter, the current knowledge on aspects of the tumor microenvironment, the molecular regulation of integrin-dependent radiochemoresistance and current approaches to integrin targeting are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vehlow
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Storch
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniela Matzke
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Cordes
- OncoRay-National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Radiooncology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bai C, Yang M, Fan Z, Li S, Gao T, Fang Z. Associations of chemo- and radio-resistant phenotypes with the gap junction, adhesion and extracellular matrix in a three-dimensional culture model of soft sarcoma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2015; 34:58. [PMID: 26055407 PMCID: PMC4467058 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0175-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Three-dimensional (3D) culture models are considered to recapitulate the cell microenvironment in solid tumors, including the extracellular matrix (ECM), cell-cell interactions, and signal transduction. These functions are highly correlated with cellular behaviors and contribute to resistances against chemo- and radio-therapies. However, the biochemical effects and mechanisms remain unknown in soft sarcoma. Therefore, we developed an in vitro 3D model of sarcoma to analyze the reasons of the chemo- and radio-resistance in therapies. Methods Four soft sarcoma cell lines, HT1080, RD, SW872, and human osteosarcoma cell line 1 (HOSS1), a cell line established from a patient-derived xenograft, were applied to 3D culture and treated with growth factors in methylcellulose-containing medium. Spheroids were examined morphologically and by western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence staining to analyze cell adhesion, gap junctions, ECM genes, and related factors. Proliferation and colony formation assays were performed to assess chemo- and radio-resistances between 3D and two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures. Annexin V and Propidium Iodide staining was used to detect early apoptotic sarcoma cells treated with Doxorubicin, Gemcitabine, and Docetaxel in the 3D model. Results The four soft sarcoma cell lines formed spheres in vitro by culture in modified condition medium. Compared with 2D cell culture, expression of ECM genes and proteins, including COL1A1, LOX, SED1, FN1, and LAMA4, was significantly increased in 3D culture. Analysis of cadherin and gap junction molecules showed significant changes in the gene and protein expression profiles under 3D conditions. These changes affected cell–cell communication and were mainly associated with biological processes such as cell proliferation and apoptosis related to chemo- and radio-resistances. Conclusions Our findings revealed significant differences between 3D and 2D cell culture systems, and indicated that cellular responsiveness to external stress such as radiation and chemotherapeutics is influenced by differential expression of genes and proteins involved in regulation of the ECM, cell adhesion, and gap junction signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-015-0175-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chujie Bai
- Department Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Gerontology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfu Fan
- Department Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- Department Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- Department Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, 100142, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|