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Kaszak I, Witkowska-Piłaszewicz O, Niewiadomska Z, Dworecka-Kaszak B, Ngosa Toka F, Jurka P. Role of Cadherins in Cancer-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7624. [PMID: 33076339 PMCID: PMC7589192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherins play an important role in tissue homeostasis, as they are responsible for cell-cell adhesion during embryogenesis, tissue morphogenesis, differentiation and carcinogenesis. Cadherins are inseparably connected with catenins, forming cadherin-catenin complexes, which are crucial for cell-to-cell adherence. Any dysfunction or destabilization of cadherin-catenin complex may result in tumor progression. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a mechanism in which epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) expression is lost during tumor progression. However, during tumorigenesis, many processes take place, and downregulation of E-cadherin, nuclear β-catenin and p120 catenin (p120) signaling are among the most critical. Additional signaling pathways, such as Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), Rho GTPases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and Hippo affect cadherin cell-cell adhesion and also contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. Many signaling pathways may be activated during tumorigenesis; thus, cadherin-targeting drugs seem to limit the progression of malignant tumor. This review discusses the role of cadherins in selected signaling mechanisms involved in tumor growth. The clinical importance of cadherin will be discussed in cases of human and animal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Kaszak
- Department of Small Animal Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Niewiadomska
- Carnivore Reproduction Study Center, Ecole Nationale Veterinaire d’Alfort, 94700 Maison Alfort, France;
| | - Bożena Dworecka-Kaszak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine; Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Felix Ngosa Toka
- Center for Integrative Mammalian Research, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, BOX 334 Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies;
| | - Piotr Jurka
- Department of Small Animal Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
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da Rocha AA, Carvalheira J, Gärtner F. α-catenin, β-catenin and P-120-catenin immunoexpression in canine mammary tissues and their relationship with E-cadherin. Res Vet Sci 2020; 130:197-202. [PMID: 32200159 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mammary tumors represent the second most common neoplasia in the canine species, where more than 50% of the cases are classified as malignant. The histological classification is used as a prognostic tool. Cadherins and catenins are responsible for cell adhesion and are intrinsic connected with the process of metastasis. E-cadherin expression in canine mammary tissues have been extensively studied. However, the studies with catenins are still scarce in the canine species. This study evaluated 74 canine mammary tissues by assessing the expression of E-cadherin and α, β and P-120 catenin molecules using the immunohistochemistry technique and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters. Three patterns of expression were identified in this study: membranous, cytoplasmic and both (membranous and cytoplasmic). In benign tumors, more than 80% of the cases had preserved expression and in malignant tumors 20% of the cases had reduced expression. A correlation between E-cadherin and P-120-catenin expression was found as well as a significant relationship between the histological type and the expression of α-catenin in malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Alvarenga da Rocha
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Júlio Carvalheira
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Research Centre for Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Institute of Biomedical Science Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Rua Júlio Amaral de Carvalho 45, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; i3S, University of Porto, i3S, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
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Cheng J, Yang J, Xue K, Zhao Y, Zhao C, Li S, Wang Z. Desmoglein 3 Silencing Inhibits Inflammation and Goblet Cell Mucin Secretion in a Mouse Model of Chronic Rhinosinusitis via Disruption of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Inflammation 2020; 42:1370-1382. [PMID: 31028575 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease characterized by inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses lasting over 12 weeks. This study aims to evaluate the effect of desmoglein 3 (DSG3) on inflammatory response and goblet cell mucin secretion in a mouse model of CRS. The CRS-related differentially expressed genes and disease genes were screened using microarray-based gene expression analysis. Subsequently, CRS mouse models were established. The levels of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 were measured by ELISA. In addition, loss-of-function experiment was conducted using siRNAs targeting DSG3 and β-catenin. The secretion of mucins MUC5B and MUC5AC in goblet cells was detected, and the apoptosis of goblet cells was assessed. The regulatory effect of DSG3 on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was analyzed by determining the mRNA and protein levels of DSG3, Wnt, β-catenin, and GSK3β. DSG3 was identified to be an upregulated gene in CRS, which was further documented in CRS mice models. Elevated inflammation and mucin production were noted in CRS mice models. Also, it was found that DSG3 or β-catenin silencing could decrease the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, and the positive rates of MUC5B and MUC5AC while enhancing goblet cell apoptosis. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was blocked by DSG3, evidenced by downregulated Wnt and β-catenin as well as upregulated GSK3β mRNA and protein levels. Overall, this study provides evidence that silencing DSG3 could inhibit the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus alleviating CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhang Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingpu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zonggui Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130000, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China.
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Timmermans-Sprang E, Collin R, Henkes A, Philipsen M, Mol JA. P-cadherin mutations are associated with high basal Wnt activity and stemness in canine mammary tumor cell lines. Oncotarget 2019; 10:2930-2946. [PMID: 31105876 PMCID: PMC6508207 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To find underlying mutations causing highly-activated Wnt activity in mammary tumor cell lines associated with rounded morphology indicative of stemness/EMT. Methods: Stemness of high Wnt cell lines was confirmed using qPCR on selected genes and microRNA profiling, followed by whole-exome sequencing of 3 high Wnt canine mammary tumor cell lines and 5 low/absent Wnt cell lines. Candidate genes were identified and their involvement in Wnt activity investigated using siRNA silencing. Results: The high Wnt cell lines had morphological and gene expression characteristics reminiscent of stemness. All individual cell lines had about 4000 mutations in the exome in comparison to the reference canine genome. The three high basal Wnt cell lines had 167 unique exome mutations. Seven of these mutations resulted in a SIFT score <0.2 of proteins related to Wnt signaling. However, gene silencing did not change the Wnt pathway activation. Renewed analysis with respect to putative relations to Wnt signaling revealed that P-cadherin (CDH3) had three mutations in the coding region of the extracellular domain and was associated with high Wnt signaling. Silencing by siRNA not only in lowered Wnt activity, but also decreased levels of phosphorylated cSRC and sP-cad, and changed cell morphology towards spindle cell appearance. Conclusion: It is concluded that expression of mutated CDH3 is associated with activation of cSRC, stabilization of ß-catenin and a rounded morphology related to a stemness/EMT phenotype. A decreased Wnt activity can be found also by cSRC inhibition, but CDH3 silencing has an additional effect on morphology indicating reversal of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elpetra Timmermans-Sprang
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Collin
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Henkes
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Meike Philipsen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. Mol
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wei G, Wang L, Dong D, Teng Z, Shi Z, Wang K, An G, Guan Y, Han B, Yao M, Xian CJ. Promotion of cell growth and adhesion of a peptide hydrogel scaffold via mTOR/cadherin signaling. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:822-829. [PMID: 28213972 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding neurite outgrowth, orientation, and migration is important for the design of biomaterials that interface with the neural tissue. However, the molecular signaling alternations have not been well elucidated to explain the impact of hydrogels on cell morphology. In our previous studies, a silk fibroin peptide (SF16) hydrogel was found to be an effective matrix for the viability, morphology, and proliferation of PC12 rat pheocrhomocytoma cells. We found that PC12 cells in the peptide hydrogel exhibited adhesive morphology compared to those cultured in agarose or collagen. Moreover, we identified that cell adhesion molecules (E- and N-cadherin) controlled by mTOR signaling were highly induced in PC12 cells cultured in the SF16 peptide hydrogel. Our findings suggest that the SF16 peptide might be suitable to be a cell-adhesion material in cell culture or tissue engineering, and mTOR/cadherin signaling is required for the cell adhesion in the SF16-peptide hydrogel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Austrslia, Australia
| | - Daming Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaowei Teng
- Department of Orthopedics, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, Yunan, China
| | - Zuowei Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaifu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Gang An
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Guan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Yao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cory J Xian
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Austrslia, Australia
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Garanina AS, Khashba LA, Onishchenko GE. Stages of Cell Cannibalism--Entosis--in Normal Human Keratinocyte Culture. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:1469-77. [PMID: 26615438 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915110085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Entosis is a type of cell cannibalism during which one cell penetrates into another cell and usually dies inside it. Researchers mainly pay attention to initial and final stages of entosis. Besides, tumor cells in suspension are the primary object of studies. In the present study, we investigated morphological changes of both cells-participants of entosis during this process. The substrate-dependent culture of human normal keratinocytes HaCaT was chosen for the work. A combination of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy was used to prove that one cell was completely surrounded by the plasma membrane of another cell. We investigated such "cell-in-cell" structures and described the structural and functional changes of both cells during entosis. The outer cell nucleus localization and shape were changed. Gradual degradation of the inner cell nucleus and of the junctions between the inner and the outer cells was revealed. Moreover, repeated redistribution of the outer cell membrane organelles (Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and autophagosomes), rearrangement of its cytoskeleton, and change in the lysosomal, autophagosomal, and mitochondrial state in both entotic cells were observed during entosis. On the basis of these data, we divided entosis into five stages that make it possible to systematize description of this type of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Garanina
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Biological Faculty, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Li B, Shi H, Wang F, Hong D, Lv W, Xie X, Cheng X. Expression of E-, P- and N-Cadherin and Its Clinical Significance in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Precancerous Lesions. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155910. [PMID: 27223886 PMCID: PMC4880319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of classical cadherins has been observed in tumor invasion and metastasis, but its involvement in cervical carcinogenesis and cancer progression is not clear. We investigated E-, P- and N-cadherin expression and its significance in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). This retrospective study enrolled 508 patients admitted to Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University with cervical lesions between January 2006 and December 2010. Immunochemical staining was performed in 98 samples of normal cervical epithelium (NC), 283 of CIN, and 127 of early-stage SCC. The association of cadherin staining with clinical characteristics and survival of the patients was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis. We found gradients of decreasing E-cadherin expression and increasing P-cadherin expression from NC through CIN to SCC. Aberrant E-cadherin and P-cadherin expression were significantly associated with clinical parameters indicating poor prognosis and shorter patient survival. Interestingly, we found very low levels of positive N-cadherin expression in CIN and SCC tissues that were not related to CIN or cancer. Pearson chi-square tests showed that E-cadherin expression in SCC was inversely correlated with P-cadherin expression (E-P switch), and was not correlated with N-cadherin expression. More important, patients with tissues exhibiting an E-P switch in expression had highly aggressive phenotypes and poorer prognosis than those without E-P switch expression. Our findings suggest that E-cadherin and P-cadherin, but not N-cadherin staining, might be useful in diagnosing CIN and for predicting prognosis in patients with early-stage SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baohua Li
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Shi
- Department of Pathology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Die Hong
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiguo Lv
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Women’s Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xing Xie
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Women’s Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Women’s Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail:
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Pacheco-Marín R, Melendez-Zajgla J, Castillo-Rojas G, Mandujano-Tinoco E, Garcia-Venzor A, Uribe-Carvajal S, Cabrera-Orefice A, Gonzalez-Torres C, Gaytan-Cervantes J, Mitre-Aguilar IB, Maldonado V. Transcriptome profile of the early stages of breast cancer tumoral spheroids. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23373. [PMID: 27021602 PMCID: PMC4810430 DOI: 10.1038/srep23373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen or nutrient deprivation of early stage tumoral spheroids can be used to reliably mimic the initial growth of primary and metastatic cancer cells. However, cancer cell growth during the initial stages has not been fully explored using a genome-wide approach. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the transcriptome of breast cancer cells during the initial stages of tumoral growth using RNAseq in a model of Multicellular Tumor Spheroids (MTS). Network analyses showed that a metastatic signature was enriched as several adhesion molecules were deregulated, including EPCAM, E-cadherin, integrins and syndecans, which were further supported by an increase in cell migration. Interestingly, we also found that the cancer cells at this stage of growth exhibited a paradoxical hyperactivation of oxidative mitochondrial metabolism. In addition, we found a large number of regulated (long non coding RNA) lncRNAs, several of which were co-regulated with neighboring genes. The regulatory role of some of these lncRNAs on mRNA expression was demonstrated with gain of function assays. This is the first report of an early-stage MTS transcriptome, which not only reveals a complex expression landscape, but points toward an important contribution of long non-coding RNAs in the final phenotype of three-dimensional cellular models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pacheco-Marín
- Epigenetics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610.,Posgraduate Program in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Gonzalo Castillo-Rojas
- Microbial Molecular Immunology Program, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Edna Mandujano-Tinoco
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Salvador Uribe-Carvajal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Cellular Physiology (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Cellular Physiology (UNAM), University City Avenue 3000 C.P. 04510, Coyoacan, Mexico City
| | - Carolina Gonzalez-Torres
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Javier Gaytan-Cervantes
- Functional Genomics laboratories, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
| | - Irma B Mitre-Aguilar
- Unit of Biochemistry, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador Zubirán (INCMNSZ), Av. Vasco de Quiroga N° 15, Colonia Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan. CP.14080, México D. F., México
| | - Vilma Maldonado
- Epigenetics, National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Periférico Sur No. 4809, Col Arenal Tepepan, Delegación Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P 14610
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Asproni P, Ressel L, Millanta F, Vannozzi I, Poli A. Co-localization of PTEN and E-cadherin in canine mammary hyperplasias and benign and malignant mammary tumors. Res Vet Sci 2015; 103:113-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Figueira AC, Gomes C, de Oliveira JT, Vilhena H, Carvalheira J, de Matos AJF, Pereira PD, Gärtner F. Aberrant P-cadherin expression is associated to aggressive feline mammary carcinomas. BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:270. [PMID: 25424750 PMCID: PMC4254012 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0270-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadherins are calcium-dependent cell-to-cell adhesion glycoproteins playing a critical role in the formation and maintenance of normal tissue architecture. In normal mammary gland, E-cadherin is expressed by luminal epithelial cells, while P-cadherin is restricted to myoepithelial cells. Changes in the expression of classical E- and P-cadherins have been observed in mammary lesions and related to mammary carcinogenesis. P-cadherin and E-cadherin expressions were studied in a series of feline normal mammary glands, hyperplastic/dysplastic lesions, benign and malignant tumours by immunohistochemistry and double-label immunofluorescence. RESULTS In normal tissue and in the majority of hyperplastic/dysplastic lesions and benign tumours, P-cadherin was restricted to myoepithelial cells, while 80% of the malignant tumours expressed P-cadherin in luminal epithelial cells. P-cadherin expression was significantly related to high histological grade of carcinomas (p <0.0001), tumour necrosis (p = 0.001), infiltrative growth (p = 0.0051), and presence of neoplastic emboli (p = 0.0401). Moreover, P-cadherin positive carcinomas had an eightfold likelihood of developing neoplastic emboli than negative tumours. Cadherins expression profile in high grade and in infiltrative tumours was similar, the majority expressing P-cadherin, regardless of E-cadherin expression status. The two cadherins were found to be co-expressed in carcinomas with aberrant P-cadherin expression and preserved E-cadherin. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate a relationship between P-cadherin expression and aggressive biological behaviour of feline mammary carcinomas, suggesting that P-cadherin may be considered an indicator of poor prognosis in this animal species. Moreover, it indicates that, in queens, the aberrant expression of P-cadherin is a better marker of mammary carcinomas aggressive behaviour than the reduction of E-cadherin expression. Further investigation with follow-up studies in feline species should be conducted in order to evaluate the prognostic value of P-cadherin expression in E-cadherin positive carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Figueira
- Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes, Campus Universitário de Lordemão, Bloco B, Lordemão, 3020-210, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Tavares de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Hugo Vilhena
- Escola Universitária Vasco da Gama (EUVG), Av. José R. Sousa Fernandes, Campus Universitário de Lordemão, Bloco B, Lordemão, 3020-210, Coimbra, Portugal. .,Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga (HVBV), Estrada Nacional 1, 355, Segadães, 3750-742, Águeda, Portugal. .,Centro de Ciência Animal e Veterinária (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Júlio Carvalheira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos (CIBIO), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal.
| | - Augusto J F de Matos
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal (CECA), Instituto de Ciências e Tecnologias Agrárias e Agro Alimentares (ICETA), Universidade do Porto (UP), Rua D. Manuel II, ap° 55142, 4051-401, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Patrícia Dias Pereira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fátima Gärtner
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira No. 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. .,Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Rua Dr Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal.
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Han HJ, Kwon HY, Sohn EJ, Ko H, Kim B, Jung K, Lew JH, Kim SH. Suppression of E-cadherin mediates gallotannin induced apoptosis in Hep G2 hepatocelluar carcinoma cells. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:490-9. [PMID: 24795530 PMCID: PMC4007362 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Though gallotannin was known to have anti-oxidant and antitumor activity, the underlying antitumor mechanism of gallotannin still remains unclear. Thus, in the present study, antitumor mechanism of gallotannin was elucidated in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Gallotannin significantly exerted cytotoxicity against Hep G2 and Chang hepatocellular carcinoma cells with the accumulation of the sub-G1 population and increase of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferasedUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells as an apoptotic feature. Also, gallotannin attenuated the expression of pro-caspase9, pro-caspase3, Bcl2 and integrin β1 and cleaved poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) in Hep G2 and Chang cancer cells. Furthermore, gallotannin suppressed cell repair motility by wound healing assay and also inhibited cell adhesion in Hep G2 cells. Of note, gallotannin attenuated the expression of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) to form cell-cell adhesion from the early stage, and also beta-catenin at late phase in Hep G2 cells. Consistently, Immunofluorescence assay showed that E-cadherin or β-catenin expression was suppressed in a time dependent manner by gallotannin. Furthermore, silencing of E-cadherin by siRNA transfection method enhanced PAPR cleavage, caspase 3 activation and sub G1 population and attenuated the cell adhesion induced by gallotannin in Hep G2 cells. Overall, our findings demonstrate that the disruption of cell adhesion junction by suppression of E-cadherin mediates gallotannin enhanced apoptosis in Hep G2 liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jeong Han
- 2. Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Young Kwon
- 1. College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 131-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Sohn
- 1. College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 131-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunsuk Ko
- 1. College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 131-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Bogeun Kim
- 2. Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Jung
- 1. College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 131-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Lew
- 2. Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 449-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- 1. College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 131-701, Republic of Korea
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Shinoda H, Legare ME, Mason GL, Berkbigler JL, Afzali MF, Flint AF, Hanneman WH. Significance of ERα, HER2, and CAV1 expression and molecular subtype classification to canine mammary gland tumor. J Vet Diagn Invest 2014; 26:390-403. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638714527289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary gland tumor (CMT) and human breast cancer (HBC) share many similarities regarding their risk factors, histological features, and behavior. Despite the increasing evidence of molecular marker expression as a prognostic indicator for HBC, few studies have applied this approach to CMT. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the significance of the expression of estrogen receptor–alpha (ERα), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and caveolin-1 (CAV1) to the behavior and the clinical outcome of CMT. Additionally, the correlation between subtype classification (luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressing, basal-like, and normal-like) and tumor behavior prognosis were assessed. Canine mammary gland tissues were immunohistochemically stained for ERα, HER2, and CAV1 and evaluated and classified into 5 subtypes on the basis of immunoreactivity. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the molecular marker immunoreactivity of different subtypes, the degree of positive staining for ERα, extranuclear ERα, HER2, and CAV1 showed significant correlations ( P < 0.05) with the behavior and prognosis of the tumor. The current study indicates the prognostic value of immunohistochemical staining status of ERα, HER2, and CAV1 for CMT. In addition, some trends were seen in subtype classification on the prognosis of the tumor, implying that, although further analysis is needed, there is potential clinical application of 5-subtype classification for CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Shinoda
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Marie E. Legare
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Gary L. Mason
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Jennifer L. Berkbigler
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Maryam F. Afzali
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - Alfred F. Flint
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
| | - William H. Hanneman
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
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Yang Z, Zhang Y, Chen L. Investigation of anti-cancer mechanisms by comparative analysis of naked mole rat and rat. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2013; 7 Suppl 2:S5. [PMID: 24565050 PMCID: PMC3852044 DOI: 10.1186/1752-0509-7-s2-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The naked mole rats (NMRs) are small-sized underground rodents with plenty of unusual traits. Their life expectancy can be up to thirty years, more than seven times longer than laboratory rat. Furthermore, they are resistant to both congenital and experimentally induced cancer genesis. These peculiar physiological and pathological characteristics allow them to become a suitable model for cancer and aging research. Results In this paper, we carried out a genome-wide comparative analysis of rat and NMR using the recently published genome sequence of NMR. First, we identified all the rat-NMR orthologous genes and specific genes within each of them. The expanded and contracted numbers of protein families in NMR were also analyzed when compared to rat. Seven cancer-related protein families appeared to be significantly expanded, whereas several receptor families were found to be contracted in NMR. We then chose those rat genes that were inexistent in NMR and adopted KEGG pathway database to investigate the metabolic processes in which their proteins may be involved. These genes were significantly enriched in two rat cancer pathways, "Pathway in cancer" and "Bladder cancer". In the rat "Pathway in cancer", 9 out of 14 paths leading to evading apoptosis appeared to be affected in NMR. In addition, a significant number of other NMR-missing genes enriched in several cancer-related pathways have been known to be related to a variety of cancers, implying that many of them may be also related to tumorigenesis in mammals. Finally, investigation of sequence variations among orthologous proteins between rat and NMR revealed that significant fragment insertions/deletions within important functional domains were present in some NMR proteins, which might lead to expressional and/or functional changes of these genes in different species. Conclusions Overall, this study provides insights into understanding the possible anti-cancer mechanisms of NMR as well as searching for new cancer-related candidate genes.
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