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Gao YC, Zhou XH, Zhang W. An Ensemble Strategy to Predict Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer Based on Gene Modules. Front Genet 2019; 10:366. [PMID: 31068972 PMCID: PMC6491874 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the high heterogeneity and complexity of cancer, it is still a challenge to predict the prognosis of cancer patients. In this work, we used a clustering algorithm to divide patients into different subtypes in order to reduce the heterogeneity of the cancer patients in each subtype. Based on the hypothesis that the gene co-expression network may reveal relationships among genes, some communities in the network could influence the prognosis of cancer patients and all the prognosis-related communities could fully reveal the prognosis of cancer patients. To predict the prognosis for cancer patients in each subtype, we adopted an ensemble classifier based on the gene co-expression network of the corresponding subtype. Using the gene expression data of ovarian cancer patients in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas), three subtypes were identified. Survival analysis showed that patients in different subtypes had different survival risks. Three ensemble classifiers were constructed for each subtype. Leave-one-out and independent validation showed that our method outperformed control and literature methods. Furthermore, the function annotation of the communities in each subtype showed that some communities were cancer-related. Finally, we found that the current drug targets can partially support our method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiong-Hui Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Deregulation of the spindle assembly checkpoint is associated with paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2018; 11:27. [PMID: 29618387 PMCID: PMC5885411 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-018-0399-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is the leading gynecologic cancer diagnosed in North America and because related symptoms are not disease specific, this often leads to late detection, an advanced disease state, and the need for chemotherapy. Ovarian cancer is frequently sensitive to chemotherapy at diagnosis but rapid development of drug resistance leads to disease progression and ultimately death in the majority of patients. Results We have generated paclitaxel resistant ovarian cell lines from their corresponding native cell lines to determine driver mechanisms of drug resistance using gene expression arrays. These paclitaxel resistant ovarian cells demonstrate: (1) Increased IC50 for paclitaxel and docetaxel (10 to 75-fold) and cross-resistance to anthracyclines (2) Reduced cell apoptosis in the presence of paclitaxel (3) Gene depletion involving mitotic regulators BUB1 mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine kinase, cyclin BI (CCNB1), centromere protein E (CENPE), and centromere protein F (CENPF), and (4) Functional data validating gene depletion among mitotic regulators. Conclusions We have generated model systems to explore drug resistance in ovarian cancer, which have revealed a key pathway related to the spindle assembly checkpoint underlying paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cell lines. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13048-018-0399-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Cortez AJ, Tudrej P, Kujawa KA, Lisowska KM. Advances in ovarian cancer therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018; 81:17-38. [PMID: 29249039 PMCID: PMC5754410 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3501-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is typically diagnosed at an advanced stage. Current state-of-the-art surgery and chemotherapy result in the high incidence of complete remissions; however, the recurrence rate is also high. For most patients, the disease eventually becomes a continuum of symptom-free periods and recurrence episodes. Different targeted treatment approaches and biological drugs, currently under development, bring the promise of turning ovarian cancer into a manageable chronic disease. In this review, we discuss the current standard in the therapy for ovarian cancer, major recent studies on the new variants of conventional therapies, and new therapeutic approaches, recently approved and/or in clinical trials. The latter include anti-angiogenic therapies, polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, inhibitors of growth factor signaling, or folate receptor inhibitors, as well as several immunotherapeutic approaches. We also discuss cost-effectiveness of some novel therapies and the issue of better selection of patients for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J Cortez
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Patrycja Tudrej
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Katarzyna A Kujawa
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland
| | - Katarzyna M Lisowska
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland.
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Gupta I, Burney I, Al-Moundhri MS, Tamimi Y. Molecular genetics complexity impeding research progress in breast and ovarian cancers. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 7:3-14. [PMID: 28685067 PMCID: PMC5492732 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast and ovarian cancer are heterogeneous diseases. While breast cancer accounts for 25% of cancers worldwide, ovarian cancer accounts for 3.5% of all cancers and it is considered to be the most lethal type of cancer among women. In Oman, breast cancer accounts for 25% and ovarian cancer for 4.5% of all cancer cases. Various risk factors, including variable biological and clinical traits, are involved in the onset of breast and ovarian cancer. Although highly developed diagnostic and therapeutic methods have paved the way for better management, targeted therapy against specific biomarkers has not yet shown any significant improvement, particularly in triple-negative breast cancer and epithelial ovarian cancer, which are associated with high mortality rates. Thus, elucidating the mechanisms underlying the pathology of these diseases is expected to improve their prevention, prognosis and management. The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive review and updated information on genomics and proteomics alterations associated with cancer pathogenesis, as reported by several research groups worldwide. Furthermore, molecular research in our laboratory, aimed at identifying new pathways involved in the pathogenesis of breast and ovarian cancer using microarray and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), is discussed. Relevant candidate genes were found to be either up- or downregulated in a cohort of breast cancer cases. Similarly, ChIP analysis revealed that relevant candidate genes were regulated by the E2F5 transcription factor in ovarian cancer tissue. An ongoing study aims to validate these genes with a putative role as biological markers that may contribute to the development of targeted therapies for breast and ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Ikram Burney
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Mansour S Al-Moundhri
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Yahya Tamimi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Anastasi E, Gigli S, Santulli M, Tartaglione S, Ballesio L, Porpora MG, Granato T, Catalano C, Angeloni A, Manganaro L. Role of Galectin-3 Combined with Multi- Detector Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography in Predicting Disease Recurrence in Patients with Ovarian Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:1277-1282. [PMID: 28610414 PMCID: PMC5555535 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.5.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an endogenous β-galactoside-binding lectin, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple malignancies. Aim of the study was to evaluate in a group of patients treated for ovarian cancer (EOC), the role of Gal-3 combined with multi-detector contrast-enhanced computed tomography (MDCT), as predictor of recurrence disease. Seventeen follow-up patients with recurrent ovarian cancer and 13 follow-up patients with stable ovarian disease, who performed MDCT at one-year follow-up after cytoreductive treatment, were enrolled. Serum Gal-3 concentrations were determined by using ELISA method. Twenty healthy controls were included in the analysis. Two radiologist blinded to patients status, reviewed MDCT exams, recording the following signs of disease recurrence: local tumor spread, enlarged lymph-nodes, carcinomatosis implants and metastases. We calculated the respective threshold values of Gal-3 identified by ROC curve analysis for each imaging findings related to disease recurrence: lymphoadenopathies 92.45 ng/ml (AUC: 0.81, Se=91% Spe=73%), carcinomatosis 85.95 ng/ml (AUC: 0.93 Se= 93.7%, Spe=92.8%), local tumor spread 99.05 (AUC: 0.90, Se=100%, Spe=73%) and metastasis 99.05ng/ml (AUC: 0,78, Se=100%, Spe=70%). A significant correlation between high Gal-3 serum levels and presence of local tumor spread (n=11/17, p:0.001), carcinomatosis (n=16/17, p:0.00), lymphoadenopathies (n=15/17, p:0.00) and metastasis (n=11/17, p:0.003) related with recurrence disease was observed. Patients with recurrence of ovarian cancer presents higher Gal-3 values compared to women with stable diseases. Gal-3 combined to CECT should be used to improve the monitoring of EOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Anastasi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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Li X, Shen B, Chen Q, Zhang X, Ye Y, Wang F, Zhang X. Antitumor effects of cecropin B-LHRH' on drug-resistant ovarian and endometrial cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:251. [PMID: 27021903 PMCID: PMC4809036 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptor (LHRHr) represents a promising therapeutic target for treating sex hormone-dependent tumors. We coupled cecropin B, an antimicrobial peptide, to LHRH’, a form of LHRH modified at carboxyl-terminal residues 4–10, which binds to LHRHr without interfering with luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. This study aimed to assess the antitumor effects of cecropin B-LHRH’ (CB-LHRH’) in drug-resistant ovarian and endometrial cancers. Methods To evaluate the antitumor effects of CB-LHRH’, three drug resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (SKOV-3, ES-2, NIH:OVCAR-3) and an endometrial cancer cell line (HEC-1A) were treated with CB-LHRH’. Cell morphology changes were assessed using inverted and electron microscopes. In addition, cell growth and cell cytotoxicity were measured by MTT assay and LDH release, respectively. In addition, hemolysis was measured. Furthermore, radioligand receptor binding, hypersensitization and minimal inhibitory concentrations (against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii) were determined. Finally, the impact on tumor growth in BALB/c-nu mice was assessed in an ES-2 xenograft model. Results CB-LHRH’ bound LHRHr with high-affinity (dissociation constant, Kd = 0.252 ± 0.061nM). Interestingly, CB-LHRH’ significantly inhibited the cell viability of SKOV-3, ES-2, NIH:OVCAR-3 and HEC-1A, but not that of normal eukaryotic cells. CB-LHRH’ was active against bacteria at micromolar concentrations, and caused no hypersensitivity in guinea pigs. Furthermore, CB-LHRH’ inhibited tumor growth with a 23.8 and 20.4 % reduction in tumor weight at 50 and 25 mg/kg.d, respectively. Conclusions CB-LHRH’ is a candidate for targeted chemotherapy against ovarian and endometrial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Central Laboratory, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Department of Women Health Care, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiqing Ye
- Pharmacy Division, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengmei Wang
- Pharmacy Division, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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A hybrid platinum drug dichloroacetate-platinum(II) overcomes cisplatin drug resistance through dual organelle targeting. Anticancer Drugs 2015; 26:698-705. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Fischer-Fodor E, Vălean AM, Virag P, Ilea P, Tatomir C, Imre-Lucaci F, Schrepler MP, Krausz LT, Tudoran LB, Precup CG, Lupan I, Hey-Hawkins E, Silaghi-Dumitrescu L. Gallium phosphinoarylbisthiolato complexes counteract drug resistance of cancer cells. Metallomics 2014; 6:833-44. [PMID: 24413432 DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00278k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In cancer therapy the platinum-based drugs are used frequently with a good clinical outcome, but besides unwanted side effects which occur, the tumour cells subjected to treatment are prone to develop tolerance or even multidrug resistance (MDR). Metal compounds with a central atom other than platinum are efficient in targeting the chemoresistant cells, therefore the biological outcome of two recently synthesized gallium phosphinoarylbisthiolato complexes was studied, having the formula [X][Ga{PPh(2-SC6H4)2-κ(3)S,S',P}{PPh(2-SC6H4)2-κ(2)S,S'}] where [X] is either the NEt3H (1) or PPh4 (2) cation. Compounds 1 and 2 display in vitro cytotoxicity against both platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant cell lines (A2780 and A2780cis). Morphological and ultrastructural evidence points toward their capacity to impair tumour cells survival. This behaviour is based on malignant cells capacity to selectively intake gallium, and to bind to the cellular DNA. They are able to cause massive DNA damage in treated cancer cells, focusing on 7-methylguanine and 8-oxoguanine sites and oxidizing the pyrimidine bases; this leads to early apoptosis of a significant percent of treated cells. The intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways are influenced through the modulation of gene expression following the treatment with complexes 1 and 2, which accompanies the negative regulation of P-glycoprotein 1 (Pgp-1), an important cellular ABC-type transporter from the multidrug resistance (MDR) family. The studied Ga(III) compounds demonstrated the capacity to counteract the chemoresistance mechanisms in the tumours defiant to standard drug action. Compound 2 shows a good anticancer potential and it could represent an alternative to platinum-based drugs especially in the situation of standard treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Research Department, Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. I. Chiricuta", 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj Napoca, RO-400015, Romania.
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Wen W, Liang W, Wu J, Kowolik CM, Buettner R, Scuto A, Hsieh MY, Hong H, Brown CE, Forman SJ, Horne D, Morgan R, Wakabayashi M, Dellinger TH, Han ES, Yim JH, Jove R. Targeting JAK1/STAT3 signaling suppresses tumor progression and metastasis in a peritoneal model of human ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:3037-48. [PMID: 25319391 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
JAK/STAT3 is one of the major signaling pathways that is aberrantly activated in ovarian cancer and associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of targeting JAK/STAT3 signaling in ovarian cancer using a peritoneal dissemination mouse model. We developed this mouse model by injecting a metastatic human ovarian cancer cell line, SKOV3-M-Luc, into the peritoneal cavity of immunodeficient mice. This model displayed a phenotype similar to late-stage ovarian cancer, including extensive peritoneal metastasis and ascites production. The constitutive activation of STAT3 in human ovarian cancer cells appeared to be mediated by an autocrine cytokine loop involving the IL6 family of cytokines and JAK1 kinase. shRNA-mediated knockdown of JAK1 or STAT3 in ovarian cancer cells led to reduced tumor growth, decreased peritoneal dissemination, and diminished ascites production, suggesting a critical role of STAT3 in ovarian cancer progression. Similar results were obtained when a small-molecule inhibitor (JAKi) of the JAK1 kinase was used to treat ovarian cancer in this model. In addition, we found that the expression level of IL6 was correlated with activation of STAT3 in ovarian cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a potential application of IL6 as a biomarker. Altogether, our results demonstrate that targeting JAK1/STAT3, using shRNA knockdown or a small-molecule inhibitor, effectively suppressed ovarian tumor progression and, therefore, could be a potential novel therapeutic approach for treating advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California. Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Wei Liang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Claudia M Kowolik
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Ralf Buettner
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Anna Scuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Meng-Yin Hsieh
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California. Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics and Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Christine E Brown
- Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California. Department of Cancer Immunotherapeutics and Tumor Immunology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Stephen J Forman
- Department of Hematology/Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - David Horne
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Robert Morgan
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Mark Wakabayashi
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Thanh H Dellinger
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Ernest S Han
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - John H Yim
- Department of Surgery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
| | - Richard Jove
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
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Efficient siRNA delivery and tumor accumulation mediated by ionically cross-linked folic acid–poly(ethylene glycol)–chitosan oligosaccharide lactate nanoparticles: For the potential targeted ovarian cancer gene therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 52:48-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Cho SH, Park MH, Lee HP, Back MK, Sung HC, Chang HW, Kim JH, Jeong HS, Han SB, Hong JT. (E)-2,4-Bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells through downregulation of NF-κB/STAT3 pathway. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 37:652-61. [PMID: 24390815 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a cancerous growth arising from the ovary and with poor prognosis that usually have resistant to all currently available treatments. Whether (E)-2,4-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butenal (butenal) synthesized by Maillard reaction from fructose-tyrosine, has potential therapeutic activity against human ovarian cancer was investigated using two ovarian cancer cell lines (PA-1, SK-OV-3). We found that butenal could inhibit NF-κB/STAT3 activity, thereby inducing apoptotic cell death of ovarian cancer cells. We treated with several concentration of butenal each cell line differently (PA-1; 5, 10 and 15 μg/ml, SK-OV-3; 10, 20 and 30 μg/ml). First, ovarian cancer cell lines exhibited constitutively active NF-κB, and treatment with butenal abolished this activation as indicated by DNA binding activity. Second, butenal suppressed activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 as indicated by decreased phosphorylation and inhibition of Janus kinase-2 phosphorylation. Third, butenal induced expression of pro-apoptotic proteins such as proteolytic cleavage of PARP, Bax and activation of caspase-3, -8 and -9. Lastly, combination of butenal and TRAIL causes enhanced induction of apoptosis. Overall, our results indicate that butenal mediates its anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects through activation of multiple cell signaling pathways and enhances the TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These data suggested that butenal may be a potential anti-cancer agent in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 12, Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Ch'ongju, 361-763, Chungbuk, Korea
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12
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Smolle E, Taucher V, Pichler M, Petru E, Lax S, Haybaeck J. Targeting signaling pathways in epithelial ovarian cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:9536-55. [PMID: 23644885 PMCID: PMC3676798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14059536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Response to platinum-based chemotherapy is poor in some patients and, thus, current research is focusing on new therapy options. The various histological types of OC are characterized by distinctive molecular genetic alterations that are relevant for ovarian tumorigenesis. The understanding of these molecular pathways is essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Smolle
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (E.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Valentin Taucher
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (E.S.); (V.T.)
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical Oncology, Medical University Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mail:
| | - Edgar Petru
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mail:
| | - Sigurd Lax
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz West, Goestinger Straße 22, A-8020 Graz, Austria
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-4652 (S.L.); +43-316-385-80594 (J.H.); Fax: +43-316-5466-74652 (S.L.); +43-316-384-329 (J.H.)
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria; E-Mails: (E.S.); (V.T.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.H.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-4652 (S.L.); +43-316-385-80594 (J.H.); Fax: +43-316-5466-74652 (S.L.); +43-316-384-329 (J.H.)
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Gunn S, Reveles X, Weldon K, Barrera A, Ishaque M, Taylor D, McCaskill C, Kim J, Shah R, Mohammed M, Barry T, Kaiser B, Patnaik A, Tolcher A. Molecular cytogenetics as a clinical test for prognostic and predictive biomarkers in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6:2. [PMID: 23289505 PMCID: PMC3601995 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clinical need for routinely available genomic biomarker testing in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. In the current study we performed molecular cytogenetics using a validated array based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) assay to screen for the presence of predictive and prognostic biomarkers in archival diagnostic tissue from ovarian cancer patients. We hypothesized that biomarkers of high-risk disease would be detectable in tumor samples from patients with treatment refractory, advanced disease, and would be detected less frequently in tumor samples from patients with more favorable outcomes. In addition, we predicted that the use of a genome-wide copy number analysis (CNA) testing platform would enable us to identify novel potentially targetable chromosomal alterations of therapeutic significance in a percentage of cases. METHODS Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) tumor bank specimens were retrieved from the initial surgical resection for 18 ovarian cancer patients. Molecular cytogenetics was performed by array CGH for the detection of somatic chromosomal alterations associated with high-risk disease including amplifications of the CCNE1 and HER2 genes. Genomic risk stratification results were correlated with available clinical data. CGH data from each patient's tumor genome was also surveyed for the presence of potentially targetable aberrations. Relevant therapeutic agents and open studies for investigational drugs were reported for each patient. RESULTS High-risk genomic alterations were identified in 12/18 (67%) of cases and all patients with high-risk markers had advanced, treatment refractory disease. Three tumors with minimal genomic changes had no high-risk markers and were from patients with Stage I/II disease that had been completely resected and under surveillance for recurrence. Eleven patients (61%) had at least one potentially targetable genomic alteration including CCNE1, HER2, KRAS gene amplifications, and somatic BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 gene deletions. Bi-allelic PTEN gene deletion was detected in one patient's tumor. CONCLUSIONS Clinical genomic profiling of ovarian tumors by array CGH augments pathologic grade and stage to help stratify newly diagnosed ovarian cancer into high and low-risk disease. This personalized genomic information can also help guide treatment planning and disease monitoring by identifying novel potentially targetable genomic alterations that can be used by clinicians to choose rational directed therapies for patients with chemo-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Gunn
- Start Center for Cancer Care, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Gunn S, Reveles X, Weldon K, Barrera A, Ishaque M, Taylor D, McCaskill C, Kim J, Shah R, Mohammed M, Barry T, Kaiser B, Patnaik A, Tolcher A. Molecular cytogenetics as a clinical test for prognostic and predictive biomarkers in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2013. [PMID: 23289505 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-2] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clinical need for routinely available genomic biomarker testing in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. In the current study we performed molecular cytogenetics using a validated array based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) assay to screen for the presence of predictive and prognostic biomarkers in archival diagnostic tissue from ovarian cancer patients. We hypothesized that biomarkers of high-risk disease would be detectable in tumor samples from patients with treatment refractory, advanced disease, and would be detected less frequently in tumor samples from patients with more favorable outcomes. In addition, we predicted that the use of a genome-wide copy number analysis (CNA) testing platform would enable us to identify novel potentially targetable chromosomal alterations of therapeutic significance in a percentage of cases. METHODS Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue (FFPE) tumor bank specimens were retrieved from the initial surgical resection for 18 ovarian cancer patients. Molecular cytogenetics was performed by array CGH for the detection of somatic chromosomal alterations associated with high-risk disease including amplifications of the CCNE1 and HER2 genes. Genomic risk stratification results were correlated with available clinical data. CGH data from each patient's tumor genome was also surveyed for the presence of potentially targetable aberrations. Relevant therapeutic agents and open studies for investigational drugs were reported for each patient. RESULTS High-risk genomic alterations were identified in 12/18 (67%) of cases and all patients with high-risk markers had advanced, treatment refractory disease. Three tumors with minimal genomic changes had no high-risk markers and were from patients with Stage I/II disease that had been completely resected and under surveillance for recurrence. Eleven patients (61%) had at least one potentially targetable genomic alteration including CCNE1, HER2, KRAS gene amplifications, and somatic BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 gene deletions. Bi-allelic PTEN gene deletion was detected in one patient's tumor. CONCLUSIONS Clinical genomic profiling of ovarian tumors by array CGH augments pathologic grade and stage to help stratify newly diagnosed ovarian cancer into high and low-risk disease. This personalized genomic information can also help guide treatment planning and disease monitoring by identifying novel potentially targetable genomic alterations that can be used by clinicians to choose rational directed therapies for patients with chemo-resistant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Gunn
- Start Center for Cancer Care, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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15
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Carbotti G, Orengo AM, Mezzanzanica D, Bagnoli M, Brizzolara A, Emionite L, Puppo A, Centurioni MG, Bruzzone M, Marroni P, Rossello A, Canevari S, Ferrini S, Fabbi M. Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule soluble form: a potential biomarker of epithelial ovarian cancer is increased in type II tumors. Int J Cancer 2012; 132:2597-605. [PMID: 23169448 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is involved in cell-cell interactions in cancer. Shedding of its ectodomain by the metalloprotease ADAM17/TACE generates a soluble form (sALCAM). Here, we show that serum sALCAM levels were significantly higher in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) (p < 0.005) than in controls. The performance of sALCAM as classifier, tested by receiver operating characteristic curve, resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8067. Serum sALCAM levels showed direct correlation with Carbohydrate Antigen-125 (CA125/MUC16). Moreover, significantly higher levels were found in type II tumors, even in stage I/II, suggesting that elevated sALCAM is an early feature of aggressive EOC. In addition, sALCAM levels were higher in ascites than in sera, suggesting local processing of ALCAM in the peritoneal cavity. In immunodeficient mice, intraperitoneally implanted with a human EOC cell line, human sALCAM progressively increased in serum and was even higher in the ascites. The biochemical characterization of the sALCAM in EOC sera and ascites, showed two predominant forms of approximately 95 and 65 kDa but no EOC-specific isoform. In addition, full-length transmembrane ALCAM but no soluble form was detected in tumor-derived exosomes found in ascites. Finally, in vitro invasion assays showed that inhibition of ADAM17/TACE activity decreased EOC invasive properties, while opposite effects were mediated by a sALCAM-Fc chimera and by an antibody interfering with ALCAM/ALCAM interactions. Altogether these data suggest that sALCAM is a marker of EOC, which correlates with more aggressive type II tumors, and that ADAM17/TACE activity and sALCAM itself mediate enhanced invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Carbotti
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Wong HH, Parkinson C, Ledermann JA, Brenton JD, Merger M, Shaw A, Patterson A, Shafi M, Earl HM. Prolonged response of relapsed high grade serous ovarian carcinoma to the oral angiokinase inhibitor nintedanib in a patient with a germline BRCA1 mutation. GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY CASE REPORTS 2012; 3:7-10. [PMID: 24371652 PMCID: PMC3862224 DOI: 10.1016/j.gynor.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
► Nintedanib is an anti-angiogenic agent that has demonstrated activity in relapsed ovarian cancer. ► Our patient had prolonged response to nintedanib, allowing her to have potentially curative surgery 6 years after her diagnosis. ► The relationship between angiogenesis and BRCA mutation is worth exploring in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Hsi Wong
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Christine Parkinson
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jonathan A. Ledermann
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4TJ, UK
| | - James D. Brenton
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Research Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Michael Merger
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Ashley Shaw
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Aileen Patterson
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Mahmood Shafi
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Helena M. Earl
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
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17
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Delie F, Allemann E, Cohen M. Nanocarriers for ovarian cancer active drug targeting. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(12)50068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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