1
|
Westphal AH, Tischler D, Heinke F, Hofmann S, Gröning JAD, Labudde D, van Berkel WJH. Pyridine Nucleotide Coenzyme Specificity of p-Hydroxybenzoate Hydroxylase and Related Flavoprotein Monooxygenases. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3050. [PMID: 30631308 PMCID: PMC6315137 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
p-Hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase (PHBH; EC 1.14.13.2) is a microbial group A flavoprotein monooxygenase that catalyzes the ortho-hydroxylation of 4-hydroxybenzoate to 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate with the stoichiometric consumption of NAD(P)H and oxygen. PHBH and related enzymes lack a canonical NAD(P)H-binding domain and the way they interact with the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme has remained a conundrum. Previously, we identified a surface exposed protein segment of PHBH from Pseudomonas fluorescens involved in NADPH binding. Here, we report the first amino acid sequences of NADH-preferring PHBHs and a phylogenetic analysis of putative PHBHs identified in currently available bacterial genomes. It was found that PHBHs group into three clades consisting of NADPH-specific, NAD(P)H-dependent and NADH-preferring enzymes. The latter proteins frequently occur in Actinobacteria. To validate the results, we produced several putative PHBHs in Escherichia coli and confirmed their predicted coenzyme preferences. Based on phylogeny, protein energy profiling and lifestyle of PHBH harboring bacteria we propose that the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH emerged through adaptive evolution and that the NADH-preferring enzymes are the older versions of PHBH. Structural comparison and distance tree analysis of group A flavoprotein monooxygenases indicated that a similar protein segment as being responsible for the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of PHBH is involved in determining the pyridine nucleotide coenzyme specificity of the other group A members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrie H Westphal
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Tischler
- Interdisziplinäres Ökologisches Zentrum, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Florian Heinke
- Bioinformatics Group Mittweida, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Interdisziplinäres Ökologisches Zentrum, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Janosch A D Gröning
- Interdisziplinäres Ökologisches Zentrum, Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Freiberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Labudde
- Bioinformatics Group Mittweida, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Germany
| | - Willem J H van Berkel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vukićević T, Schulz M, Faust D, Klussmann E. The Trafficking of the Water Channel Aquaporin-2 in Renal Principal Cells-a Potential Target for Pharmacological Intervention in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:23. [PMID: 26903868 PMCID: PMC4749865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) stimulates the redistribution of water channels, aquaporin-2 (AQP2) from intracellular vesicles into the plasma membrane of renal collecting duct principal cells. By this AVP directs 10% of the water reabsorption from the 170 L of primary urine that the human kidneys produce each day. This review discusses molecular mechanisms underlying the AVP-induced redistribution of AQP2; in particular, it provides an overview over the proteins participating in the control of its localization. Defects preventing the insertion of AQP2 into the plasma membrane cause diabetes insipidus. The disease can be acquired or inherited, and is characterized by polyuria and polydipsia. Vice versa, up-regulation of the system causing a predominant localization of AQP2 in the plasma membrane leads to excessive water retention and hyponatremia as in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), late stage heart failure or liver cirrhosis. This article briefly summarizes the currently available pharmacotherapies for the treatment of such water balance disorders, and discusses the value of newly identified mechanisms controlling AQP2 for developing novel pharmacological strategies. Innovative concepts for the therapy of water balance disorders are required as there is a medical need due to the lack of causal treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Vukićević
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany
| | - Maike Schulz
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany
| | - Dörte Faust
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz AssociationBerlin, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular ResearchBerlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bonfrate L, Procino G, Wang DQH, Svelto M, Portincasa P. A novel therapeutic effect of statins on nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:265-82. [PMID: 25594563 PMCID: PMC4407600 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins competitively inhibit hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, resulting in reduced plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Recently, it has been shown that statins exert additional ‘pleiotropic’ effects by increasing expression levels of the membrane water channels aquaporin 2 (AQP2). AQP2 is localized mainly in the kidney and plays a critical role in determining cellular water content. This additional effect is independent of cholesterol homoeostasis, and depends on depletion of mevalonate-derived intermediates of sterol synthetic pathways, i.e. farnesylpyrophosphate and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate. By up-regulating the expression levels of AQP2, statins increase water reabsorption by the kidney, thus opening up a new avenue in treating patients with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a hereditary disease that yet lacks high-powered and limited side effects therapy. Aspects related to water balance determined by AQP2 in the kidney, as well as standard and novel therapeutic strategies of NDI are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonilde Bonfrate
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Internal Medicine, University Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dong G, Wang C, Wu Y, Cong J, Cheng L, Wang M, Zhao P, Tang L, Zhang C, Wu K. Tat peptide-mediated soluble expression of the membrane protein LSECtin-CRD in Escherichia coli. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83579. [PMID: 24358298 PMCID: PMC3865297 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human liver and lymph node sinusoidal endothelial cell C-type lectin (hLSECtin), a type II integral membrane protein, containing a Ca2+-dependent carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD), has a well-established biological activity, yet its three-dimensional structure is unknown due to low expression yields and aggregation into inclusion bodies. Previous study has demonstrated that the HIV-1 virus-encoded Tat peptide (‘YGRKKRRQRRR’) can increase the yields and the solubility of heterologous proteins. However, whether the Tat peptide could promote the high-yield and soluble expression of membrane proteins in Escherichia coli is not known. Therefore, the prokaryotic expression vector pET28b-Tat-hLSECtin-CRD (using pET28b and pET28b-hLSECtin-CRD as controls) was constructed, and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells and induced with isopropyl-β-d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) followed with identifying by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Subsequently, the bacterial subcellular structure, in which overexpressed the heterologous proteins Tat-hLSECtin-CRD and Tat-free hLSECtin-CRD, was analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) respectively, and the mannose-binding activity of Tat-hLSECtin-CRD was also determined. Expectedly, the solubility of Tat-LSECtin-CRD significantly increased compared to Tat-free LSECtin-CRD (**p < 0.01) with prolonged time, and the Tat-LSECtin-CRD had a significant mannose-binding activity. The subcellular structure analysis indicated that the bacterial cells overexpressed Tat-hLSECtin-CRD exhibited denser region compared with controls, while dot denser region aggregated in the two ends of bacterial cells overexpressed Tat-free hLSECtin-CRD. This study provided a novel method for improving the soluble expression of membrane proteins in prokaryotic systems by fusion with the Tat peptide, which may be potentially expanded to the expression of other membrane proteins.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Carbohydrate Metabolism/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial
- Humans
- Lectins, C-Type/chemistry
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/isolation & purification
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Mannose/metabolism
- Organisms, Genetically Modified
- Peptide Fragments/chemistry
- Peptide Fragments/genetics
- Peptide Fragments/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/isolation & purification
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Solubility
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/chemistry
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/genetics
- tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Dong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Changzhen Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yonghong Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center of PLA, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Cong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li Cheng
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mingqun Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pengkai Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Li Tang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Department of Genomics and Proteomics, Chinese Human Genome Center, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (LT); (CZ); (KW)
| | - Chenggang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Cognitive and Mental Health Research Center of PLA, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (LT); (CZ); (KW)
| | - Ke Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (LT); (CZ); (KW)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Moeller HB, Rittig S, Fenton RA. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: essential insights into the molecular background and potential therapies for treatment. Endocr Rev 2013; 34:278-301. [PMID: 23360744 PMCID: PMC3610677 DOI: 10.1210/er.2012-1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The water channel aquaporin-2 (AQP2), expressed in the kidney collecting ducts, plays a pivotal role in maintaining body water balance. The channel is regulated by the peptide hormone arginine vasopressin (AVP), which exerts its effects through the type 2 vasopressin receptor (AVPR2). Disrupted function or regulation of AQP2 or the AVPR2 results in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), a common clinical condition of renal origin characterized by polydipsia and polyuria. Over several years, major research efforts have advanced our understanding of NDI at the genetic, cellular, molecular, and biological levels. NDI is commonly characterized as hereditary (congenital) NDI, arising from genetic mutations in the AVPR2 or AQP2; or acquired NDI, due to for exmple medical treatment or electrolyte disturbances. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the genetic, cell biological, and pathophysiological causes of NDI, with emphasis on the congenital forms and the acquired forms arising from lithium and other drug therapies, acute and chronic renal failure, and disturbed levels of calcium and potassium. Additionally, we provide an overview of the exciting new treatment strategies that have been recently proposed for alleviating the symptoms of some forms of the disease and for bypassing G protein-coupled receptor signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanne B Moeller
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, and Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Wilhelm Meyers Alle 3, Building 1234, Aarhus 8000, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Heinke F, Schildbach S, Stockmann D, Labudde D. eProS--a database and toolbox for investigating protein sequence-structure-function relationships through energy profiles. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 41:D320-6. [PMID: 23161695 PMCID: PMC3531212 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaining information about structural and functional features of newly identified proteins is often a difficult task. This information is crucial for understanding sequence–structure–function relationships of target proteins and, thus, essential in comprehending the mechanisms and dynamics of the molecular systems of interest. Using protein energy profiles is a novel approach that can contribute in addressing such problems. An energy profile corresponds to the sequence of energy values that are derived from a coarse-grained energy model. Energy profiles can be computed from protein structures or predicted from sequences. As shown, correspondences and dissimilarities in energy profiles can be applied for investigations of protein mechanics and dynamics. We developed eProS (energy profile suite, freely available at http://bioservices.hs-mittweida.de/Epros/), a database that provides ∼76 000 pre-calculated energy profiles as well as a toolbox for addressing numerous problems of structure biology. Energy profiles can be browsed, visualized, calculated from an uploaded structure or predicted from sequence. Furthermore, it is possible to align energy profiles of interest or compare them with all entries in the eProS database to identify significantly similar energy profiles and, thus, possibly relevant structural and functional relationships. Additionally, annotations and cross-links from numerous sources provide a broad view of potential biological correspondences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Heinke
- Department of Mathematics, University of Applied Sciences Mittweida, Mittweida, Saxony, Technikumplatz 17, D-09648, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|