1
|
Bernardo J, Valentão P. Herb-drug interactions: A short review on central and peripheral nervous system drugs. Phytother Res 2024; 38:1903-1931. [PMID: 38358734 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are widely perceived as natural and safe remedies. However, their concomitant use with prescribed drugs is a common practice, often undertaken without full awareness of the potential risks and frequently without medical supervision. This practice introduces a tangible risk of herb-drug interactions, which can manifest as a spectrum of consequences, ranging from acute, self-limited reactions to unpredictable and potentially lethal scenarios. This review offers a comprehensive overview of herb-drug interactions, with a specific focus on medications targeting the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems. Our work draws upon a broad range of evidence, encompassing preclinical data, animal studies, and clinical case reports. We delve into the intricate pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics underpinning each interaction, elucidating the mechanisms through which these interactions occur. One pressing issue that emerges from this analysis is the need for updated guidelines and sustained pharmacovigilance efforts. The topic of herb-drug interactions often escapes the attention of both consumers and healthcare professionals. To ensure patient safety and informed decision-making, it is imperative that we address this knowledge gap and establish a framework for continued monitoring and education. In conclusion, the use of herbal remedies alongside conventional medications is a practice replete with potential hazards. This review not only underscores the real and significant risks associated with herb-drug interactions but also underscores the necessity for greater awareness, research, and vigilant oversight in this often-overlooked domain of healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Bernardo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nie J, Zhou J, Shen Y, Lin R, Hu H, Zeng K, Bi H, Huang M, Yu L, Zeng S, Miao J. Studies on the interaction of five triazole fungicides with human renal transporters in cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 88:105555. [PMID: 36669674 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of triazole fungicides in agricultural production poses a potential risk to human health. This study investigates the interaction of five triazole fungicides, i.e., tebuconazole, triticonazole, hexaconazole, penconazole, and uniconazole with human renal transporters, including OAT1, OAT3, OCT2, OCTN1, OCTN2, MATE1, MATE2-K, MRP2, MDR1, and BCRP, using transgenic cell models. For uptake transporters, triticonazole was the substrate of OAT1 and OAT3 and the inhibitor of OCT2. Tebuconazole and penconazole inhibited OCTN2 (100 μM), while tebuconazole, triticonazole, hexaconazole, penconazole, and uniconazole inhibited MATE1 (100 μM). Tebuconazole and hexaconazole inhibited MATE2-K (100 μM). All five triazole fungicides were not substrates or strong inhibitors of MRP2, MDR1, and BCRP efflux transporters. Penconazole inhibited OCT2 with IC50 = 1.12 μM. Penconazole and uniconazole inhibited MATE1 with IC50 = 0.94 μM and 0.87 μM. Tebuconazole and hexaconazole inhibited MATE2-K with IC50 = 0.96 μM and 1.04 μM, indicating that triazole fungicides may inhibit renal drug transporter activity at low concentrations. Triticonazole was transported by OAT1 and OAT3, and the Km values of triticonazole were 5.81 ± 1.75 and 47.35 ± 14.27, respectively. Tebuconazole and uniconazole were transported by OAT3, and the Km values of tebuconazole and uniconazole were 30.28 ± 7.18 and 87.61 ± 31.70, respectively, which may induce nephrotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China; Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jiabei Zhou
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Ruimiao Lin
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Haihong Hu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Kui Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Huichang Bi
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Min Huang
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lushan Yu
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Su Zeng
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, China; Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Several Alkaloids in Chinese Herbal Medicine Exert Protection in Acute Kidney Injury: Focus on Mechanism and Target Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2427802. [PMID: 35602100 PMCID: PMC9122709 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2427802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a loose set of kidney diseases accompanied by a variety of syndromes, which is a serious threat to human life and health. Some alkaloids are derived from various Chinese herbs have been widely concerned in the improvement of AKI. This review provides the research progress of alkaloids in AKI experimental models and discusses the related molecular mechanisms. Key Findings. Alkaloids can protect AKI through various mechanisms including antioxidant stress, improvement of mitochondrial damage, reduction of cell death, induction of autophagy, and inhibition of inflammation. These mechanisms are mainly related to the activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, inhibition of ferroptosis and apoptosis, regulation of PINK1/Parkin pathway, inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammatory bodies, upregulation of Klotho protein level and so on. In addition, there are a few alkaloids that have certain toxicity on the kidney. Conclusion Alkaloids have been shown to significantly improve AKI, but only in pharmacological studies. This paper summarizes the main experimental models currently used in AKI research and describes some representative alkaloids based on recent research. Their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of AKI through different mechanisms are highlighted.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pharmacokinetic Herb-Drug Interactions: Insight into Mechanisms and Consequences. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 41:93-108. [PMID: 26311243 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-015-0296-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are currently in high demand, and their popularity is steadily increasing. Because of their perceived effectiveness, fewer side effects and relatively low cost, they are being used for the management of numerous medical conditions. However, they are capable of affecting the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of coadministered conventional drugs. These interactions are particularly of clinically relevance when metabolizing enzymes and xenobiotic transporters, which are responsible for the fate of many drugs, are induced or inhibited, sometimes resulting in unexpected outcomes. This article discusses the general use of herbal medicines in the management of several ailments, their concurrent use with conventional therapy, mechanisms underlying herb-drug interactions (HDIs) as well as the drawbacks of herbal remedy use. The authors also suggest means of surveillance and safety monitoring of herbal medicines. Contrary to popular belief that "herbal medicines are totally safe," we are of the view that they are capable of causing significant toxic effects and altered pharmaceutical outcomes when coadministered with conventional medicines. Due to the paucity of information as well as sometimes conflicting reports on HDIs, much more research in this field is needed. The authors further suggest the need to standardize and better regulate herbal medicines in order to ensure their safety and efficacy when used alone or in combination with conventional drugs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu XL, Yang LJ, Jiang JG. Renal toxic ingredients and their toxicology from traditional Chinese medicine. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016; 12:149-59. [PMID: 26670420 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1132306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There have been increasing concerns regarding adverse reactions and toxicity incidents caused by traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), among which the nephrotoxicity is particularly worrying. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the ingredients with renal toxicity from some TCMs through searching the relevant literature published over the past two decades. Renal toxicity components from TCMs include aristolochic acids (AAS), alkaloids, anthraquinones and others. TCM renal toxicity is most commonly caused by AAS and some alkaloids. AAS mainly come from Aristolochia contorta Bunge, Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom, Clematis Chinensis Osbeck, Aristolochia cathcartii Hook. Some renal toxic alkaloids are derived from Tripterygium regelii Sprague et Takeda, Stephania tetrandra S. Moore, Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. and Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. A few kinds of anthraquinones, flavonoids, and glycosides from TCMs also cause renal toxicity. All of these renal toxicity components and their associated renal toxicity, structures and toxic mechanism are introduced in detail in this review. EXPERT OPINION Given the complexity of the toxic components, a lot of work needs to be done to analyze the specific modes of action of toxic components in vivo and in vitro, in particular, to elucidate the molecular mechanism of toxicity, in order to reduce the occurrence of renal toxicity of TCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Lin Xu
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Lin-Jiang Yang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- a College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hua WJ, Hua WX, Nan FY, Jiang WA, Yan C. The influence of herbal medicine ursolic acid on the uptake of rosuvastatin mediated by OATP1B1*1a and *5. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2014; 39:221-30. [PMID: 24736980 PMCID: PMC4142139 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-014-0187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines such as hawthorn, salvia, etc., are frequently combined with statins so as to treat cardiovascular diseases more effectively. Chinese herbal medicines contain many kinds of active components, which may have drug-drug interactions with statins. This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism by which ursolic acid affects OATP1B1-mediated transport of rosuvastatin. This study will explore the effect of ursolic acid on OAPT1B1-mediated transport of rosuvastatin in the different cell systems. Given the genetic polymorphisms of OATP1B1, simultaneously, this study will further explore the effect of ursolic acid on OATP1B1 (521T>C)-mediated transport of rosuvastatin. When the concentration of ursolic acid was 1.8 and 18 µM, it showed that ursolic acid significantly inhibits the uptake of rosuvastatin in both OATP1B1*1a-HEK 293T cells and OATP1B1*5-HEK 293T cells. The reduction of OATP1B1*1a transport of rosuvastatin were 34.60 ± 2.99 and 66.08 ± 1.83 %, and for OATP1B1*5 were 34.27 ± 7.08 % and 66.95 ± 1.14 %. Inhibitory parameters of IC50 were 6.25 ± 0.42 and 6.07 ± 0.57 µM, respectively. This study suggests that ursolic acid can affect the uptake of rosuvastatin in hepatocytes by inhibiting the transport of OATP1B1, and gene mutation of OATP1B1 may cause different effects on its transport of rosuvastatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jin Hua
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|