Uraemic toxins generated in the presence of fullerene C60, carbon-encapsulated magnetic nanoparticles, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Marking of metabolites in the diagnostics of metabolic diseases and in the investigation of xenobiotics metabolism using NMR spectroscopy

There are currently no sound estimates of the number of children born with a serious congenital disorder attributable to genetic or environmental causes (World Health Organization) but there is a supposed number of babies born with birth defects per year: in the world approximately 7.9 million children (6% of births). There is conducted population-based screening by the individual countries. The specialised methods are used when it is not possible to diagnose disease in screening. In recent years in the diagnostics of these disorders the methods of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the brain (in vivo¹H-MRS) and high resolution NMR spectroscopy gain in importance. The manuscript focused on developing the method of marking the metabolic diseases markers of various origins using NMR spectroscopy (including synthesis of markers). Considering the disorders occurring among children, according to Hoffman, Zschocke, Nyhan, there are three following groups of inherited metabolic diseases: disorders of intermediary metabolism, disorders of the biosynthesis and breakdown of complex molecules and neurotransmitter defects and related disorders. The presented investigation is focused on: a study of selected compounds that cause disorders of intermediary metabolism, a study of compounds that cause disorders of the biosynthesis and breakdown of complex molecules and a study of compounds that cause neurotransmitter defects and related disorders. In the subsequent chapter of manuscript there are presented the results of investigation concerning the metabolism of xenobiotics that could potentially be used in therapy of inherited metabolic diseases, basing on stilbene derivatives. In the last chapter there are presented the results of experiments with creatinine- the metabolite produced in muscles.