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Wang Q, Lin P, Feng L, Ren Q, Xie X, Zhang B. Ameliorative effect of allicin on vascular calcification via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Vascular 2021; 30:999-1007. [PMID: 34301159 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211035291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vascular calcification (VC) is an independent predictor for cardiovascular events and mortality. However, there are currently no effective methods to reverse or prevent it. The present study aimed to determine the ameliorative effect of allicin on VC. METHODS VC model of rats was induced by high-dose vitamin D3, which was valued by Alizarin Red staining, calcium contents, and alkaline phosphatase in the aorta. Systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, and pulse wave velocity were measured to determine aortic stiffness. Protein levels were detected by Western blot. RESULTS Allicin treatment rescued aortic VC and stiffness. The increased protein levels of RUNX2 and BMP2, two markers of osteoblastic phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells, in the calcified aorta were attenuated by allicin, whereas the decreased levels of calponin and SM22α induced by calcification were improved. Allicin treatment significantly attenuated the increased protein levels of GRP78, GRP94, and CHOP, which are key markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress, in the calcified aorta. The activation of PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 cascades was also prevented by allicin. CONCLUSIONS Allicin could ameliorate aortic VC and stiffness. The ameliorative effect of allicin on VC might be mediated by inhibiting PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 cascades. Our results might provide a new proof for VC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Feng
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Geriatric Department, The Third Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
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Hazelhoff MH, Bulacio RP, Torres AM. Trimetazidine Protects from Mercury-Induced Kidney Injury. Pharmacology 2021; 106:332-340. [PMID: 33849026 DOI: 10.1159/000514843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The presence of mercury in the environment is a worldwide concern. Inorganic mercury is present in industrial materials, is employed in medical devices, is widely used in batteries, is a component of fluorescent light bulbs, and it has been associated with human poisoning in gold mining areas. The nephrotoxicity induced by inorganic mercury is a relevant health problem mainly in developing countries. The primary mechanism of mercury toxicity is oxidative stress. Trimetazidine (TMZ) is an anti-ischemic drug, which inhibits cellular oxidative stress, eliminates oxygen-free radicals, and improves lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the administration of TMZ protects against mercuric chloride (HgCl2) kidney damage. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats received only HgCl2 (4 mg/kg bw, sc) (Hg group, n = 5) or TMZ (3 mg/kg bw, ip) 30 min before HgCl2 administration (4 mg/kg bw, sc) (TMZHg group, n = 7). Simultaneously, a control group of rats (n = 4) was studied. After 4 days of HgCl2 injection, urinary flow, urea and creatinine (Cr) plasma levels, Cr clearance, urinary glucose, and sodium-dicarboxylate cotransporter 1 (NaDC1) in urine were determined. Lipid peroxidation (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in kidney homogenates. RESULTS Rats only treated with HgCl2 showed an increase in urea and Cr plasma levels, urinary flow, fractional excretion of water, glucosuria, and NaDC1 urinary excretion as compared with the control group and a decrease in Cr clearance. TMZHg group showed a decrease in urea and Cr plasma levels, urinary flow, fractional excretion of water, glucosuria, NaDC1 urinary excretion, and an increase in Cr clearance when compared to the Hg group. Moreover, MDA and GSH levels observed in Hg groups were decreased and increased, respectively, by TMZ pretreatment. CONCLUSION TMZ exerted a renoprotective action against HgCl2-induced renal injury, which might be mediated by the reduction of oxidative stress. Considering the absence of toxicity of TMZ, its clinical application against oxidative damage due to HgCl2-induced renal injury should be considered. The fact that TMZ is commercially available should simplify and accelerate the translation of the present data "from bench to bedside." In this context, TMZ become an interesting new example of drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Herminia Hazelhoff
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Romina Paula Bulacio
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Adriana Monica Torres
- Pharmacology, Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
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Campagno RV, Nosetto EC, Brandoni A, Torres AM. Utility of urinary organic anion transporter 5 as an early biomarker of obstructive nephropathy. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1674-1681. [PMID: 32497308 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ureteral obstruction is a relevant cause of kidney damage. The traditional parameters used in clinical practice for the detection of renal injury are insensitive and non-specific for the diagnosis of obstructive renal disease. The organic anion transporter 5 (Oat5) is a carrier expressed exclusively in the kidney. In this study, the Oat5 urinary excretion (Oat5u ) was evaluated as a potential biomarker of obstructive nephropathy, comparing it with traditional markers of renal function and with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in urine (NGALu ), a more recent biomarker of renal pathology. Bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO) was induced in male Wistar rats, by complete ligation of ureters for 1 hour (BUO1), 2 hours (BUO2), 5 hours (BUO5), or 24 hours (BUO24). After 24 hours of ureteral releasing, urea and creatinine plasma concentrations, creatinine clearance, urinary total proteins, urinary glucose, and alkaline phosphatase activities in urine were evaluated. Oat5 and NGAL levels were assessed in urine samples by immunoblotting. All parameters of renal function were altered in the BUO24 and some also in BUO5, while the Oat5u increased in all of the experimental groups analyzed. After a long time of ureteral obstruction (BUO24), the urinary excretion of Oat5 markedly increased, in parallel with the alteration in the other parameters evaluated. Nevertheless, in BUO1 and BUO2, Oat5u appeared as the only parameter modified. Therefore, Oat5u could be proposed as a novel early biomarker of ureteral obstruction, with the additional potential to inform about the severity of the obstructive injury suffered by the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina V Campagno
- Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Evangelina C Nosetto
- Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Anabel Brandoni
- Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Adriana M Torres
- Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, National University of Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina
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Nosetto EC, Campagno RV, Torres AM, Brandoni A. Distribution of the organic anion transporters Oat1 and Oat3 between renal membrane microdomains in obstructive jaundice. Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:711-719. [PMID: 32451678 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02402-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Relation between the renal function and the membrane environment where the organic anion transporters Oat1 and Oat3 are localized is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the Oat1 and Oat3 distribution in different cellular fractions under physiological conditions as well as the effects of extrahepatic cholestasis on membrane distribution of both proteins. Besides, the potential role of jaundice serum on the Oat1 and Oat3 expression in suspensions of renal tubular cells was evaluated. Cellular and membrane fractions of renal cortex were obtained from control rats to evaluate Oat1 and Oat3 protein expressions. Other rats were subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL) or Sham operation to determine the membrane distribution of Oat1 and Oat3 between lipid raft domains (LRD) and non-LRD. Incubation of renal cortical cells with serum from Sham and BDL were also performed to study Oat1 and Oat3 protein expressions. In physiological conditions, Oat1 and Oat3 were concentrated in LRD. The pathology induced a shift of Oat1 from LRD to non-LRD, while Oat3 showed no changes in its distribution. In cells exposed to BDL serum, Oat1 protein expression in membranes significantly increased. For Oat3, no difference between groups was observed. The Oat1 redistribution to non-LRD in BDL could be favoring the increase in renal transport of organic anions previously observed. This change was specific to Oat1. The in vitro experiment allows to conclude that some component present in BDL serum is responsible for the alterations observed in Oat1 expression in cortical membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelina Cecilia Nosetto
- Área Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Romina Valeria Campagno
- Área Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Adriana Mónica Torres
- Área Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Anabel Brandoni
- Área Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Severin MJ, Torres AM. Time course effects of methotrexate on renal handling of water and electrolytes in rats. Role of aquaporin-2 and Na-K-2Cl-cotransporter. Toxicol Lett 2019; 311:27-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Severin MJ, Campagno RV, Brandoni A, Torres AM. Time evolution of methotrexate‐induced kidney injury: A comparative study between different biomarkers of renal damage in rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:828-836. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Julia Severin
- Pharmacology Area Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of Rosario CONICET Rosario Argentina
| | - Romina Valeria Campagno
- Pharmacology Area Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of Rosario CONICET Rosario Argentina
| | - Anabel Brandoni
- Pharmacology Area Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of Rosario CONICET Rosario Argentina
| | - Adriana Mónica Torres
- Pharmacology Area Faculty of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences National University of Rosario CONICET Rosario Argentina
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Renal expression and urinary excretion of Na+/dicarboxylate cotransporter 1 (NaDC1) in obstructive nephropathy: a candidate biomarker for this pathology. Pflugers Arch 2018; 470:1777-1786. [DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2200-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Brandoni A, Torres AM. Pharmacokinetics of the antimicrobial drug Sulfanilamide is altered in a preclinical model of vascular calcification. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44 Suppl 1:99-106. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Brandoni
- Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; CONICET; Rosario Argentina
| | - Adriana Mónica Torres
- Farmacología; Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; CONICET; Rosario Argentina
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Severin MJ, Trebucobich MS, Buszniez P, Brandoni A, Torres AM. The urinary excretion of an organic anion transporter as an early biomarker of methotrexate-induced kidney injury. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:530-538. [PMID: 30090367 PMCID: PMC6062349 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00436e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) belongs to a group of medicines known as antimetabolites. It is commonly used in the treatment of malignant diseases and is prescribed in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. Along with its effective therapeutic power, MTX has adverse effects on several organs, including the kidney. The organic anion transporter 5 (Oat5) is exclusively localized in the renal apical membrane. Oat5 urinary excretion was proposed as an early biomarker in ischemic and nephrotoxic-induced kidney injury and in renal damage due to vascular calcification in preclinical models. The aim of this study was to evaluate Oat5 renal expression and urinary excretion in rats 48 h after the exposure to different doses of MTX, in comparison with traditional markers of renal injury, such as creatinine and urea plasma levels, protein urinary levels, urinary alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, fractional excretion of water (FEWater) and renal histology. Male Wistar rats were treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of MTX at different dosages: 40-80-120-180-360 mg per kg b.w. (M40, M80, M120, M180, M360, n = 4, respectively) and experiments were carried out 48 h after MTX administration. Oat5 renal expression was evaluated by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Traditional parameters were only modified at the higher MTX dose (M360). Conversely, Oat5 urinary excretion was elevated at the middle dose of 80 mg per kg b.w. Oat5 renal expression was modified at the highest dose as well, both in homogenates and in apical membranes. These results suggest that Oat5 urinary excretion might serve as an early biomarker of MTX-induced kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Severin
- Área Farmacología , Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CONICET , Argentina . ; Tel: +0054/341/4393400
| | - Mara S Trebucobich
- Área Farmacología , Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CONICET , Argentina . ; Tel: +0054/341/4393400
| | - Patricia Buszniez
- Área Farmacología , Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CONICET , Argentina . ; Tel: +0054/341/4393400
| | - Anabel Brandoni
- Área Farmacología , Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CONICET , Argentina . ; Tel: +0054/341/4393400
| | - Adriana M Torres
- Área Farmacología , Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. CONICET , Argentina . ; Tel: +0054/341/4393400
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Hazelhoff MH, Trebucobich MS, Stoyanoff TR, Chevalier AA, Torres AM. Amelioration of mercury nephrotoxicity after pharmacological manipulation of organic anion transporter 1 (Oat1) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2) with furosemide. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00100e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Furosemide improves HgCl2-induced tubule injury up-regulating Oat1 and Mrp2, thus increasing renal elimination of mercuric ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María H. Hazelhoff
- Área Farmacología
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Mara S. Trebucobich
- Área Farmacología
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- Rosario
- Argentina
| | - Tania R. Stoyanoff
- Departamento de Bioquímica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Universidad Nacional del Nordeste
- Corrientes
- Argentina
| | - Alberto A. Chevalier
- GIHON Laboratorios Químicos SRL
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
- Mar del Plata
- Argentina
| | - Adriana M. Torres
- Área Farmacología
- Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario
- Rosario
- Argentina
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Bulacio RP, Torres AM. Time course of organic anion transporter 5 (Oat5) urinary excretion in rats treated with cisplatin: a novel urinary biomarker for early detection of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:1359-69. [PMID: 25164828 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1345-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a widely used citostatic drug employed in the treatment of many solid tumors. Its principal side-effect is nephrotoxicity. The organic anion transporter 5 (Oat5) is exclusively expressed in the kidneys. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course of Oat5 urinary excretion and changes in conventional biomarkers, such as creatinine and urea plasma levels (Urp and Crp), and protein and glucose urinary levels (Pu and Gluu), between others, and compared them to the onset and progression of histological changes after cisplatin treatment. Male Wistar rats were treated with cisplatin with 5 mg/kg b.w., i.p., and experiments were carried out after 2, 4, 7 and 14 days of treatment. Two days after cisplatin administration, only Oat5 urinary excretion was found markedly modified. On day 4, Urp, Crp, PU and GluU were increased. By the seventh day, a severe impairment in tubular architecture was observed, and from this point and thereon, Oat5 urinary excretion and PU showed a tendency to return to their basal values. Meanwhile, Urp, Crp and GluU tended to return to their basal values by the day 14 of treatment, when kidney morphology showed an important recovery. So Oat5 urinary abundance was elevated 2 days after cisplatin treatment, when no modifications of traditional markers of renal injury were still observed. Therefore, the results showed in this work, in addition to previous data obtained by our group, propose that Oat5 urinary excretion might potentially serve as a noninvasive early biomarker of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Paula Bulacio
- Area Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Suipacha 531, 2000, Rosario, Argentina
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