Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis rehabilitation: a case report with two-year followup

Long standing Idiopathic gingival hyperplasia of oral cavity with invasion of maxillary sinus: A rare case report

INTRODUCTION

Idiopathic gingival hyperplasia is a rare entity (about one in 1,75,000 individuals). It is characterized by a slow progressive benign enlargement, affecting the attached gingiva, marginal gingiva, and interdental papilla.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

This case report highlights the management of an unusual case of long standing idiopathic gingival hyperplasia involving the right maxillary sinus.

DISCUSSION

Management of gingival hyperplasia depends on the severity of the condition. In this case, surgical excision was performed in both the arches, that resulted in the creation of an oroantral communication, which was protected with a prefabricated custom-made acrylic stent. Despite having a visible raw area of epithelialization evident on the 2^nd post operative day, there were no significant signs of recurrence even at a follow-up of 2 years post surgery. Many authors advocate extraction of involved teeth, in addition to the gingival excision, in the presumption of a permanent cure.

CONCLUSION

The patient was satisfied with the resultant esthetic and functional outcome of the treatment. But, the possibility of recurrence cannot be ruled out, so the patient should be kept under close observation. She may also require subsequent surgeries, thus making psychological counseling mandatory.

Gene expression profiling and bioinformatics analysis of hereditary gingival fibromatosis

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a benign, non-hemorrhagic and fibrous gingival overgrowth that may cover all or part of the teeth. It typically interferes with speech, lip closure and chewing, and can also be a psychological burden that affects the self-esteem of patients. Owing to high genetic heterogeneity, genetic testing to confirm diagnosis is not justified. It is therefore important to identify key signature genes and to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying HGF. The aim of the present study was to determine HGF-related genes and to analyze these genes through bioinformatics methods. A total of 249 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), consisting of 65 upregulated and 184 downregulated genes, were identified in the GSE4250 dataset of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) when comparing with the gums of HGF patients with those of healthy controls using the affy and limma packages in R. Subsequently, 28 enriched gene ontology terms were obtained from the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed and analyzed using STRING and Cytoscape. There were 99 nodes and 118 edges in the PPI network of these DEGs obtained through STRING. Among these nodes, 12 core genes were identified, of which the highest degree node was the gene for POTE ankyrin domain family member I. Collectively the results indicate that bioinformatics methods may provide effective strategies for predicting HGF-related genes and for understanding the molecular mechanisms of HGF.

Diode Laser Versus Scalpel in the Treatment of Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis in a 6-Year Old Boy

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare disease characterized by a benign enlargement of the gingiva involving both the mandible and the maxilla. This case is about a 6-year-old child with non syndromic HGF showing a severe gingival enlargement covering almost all surfaces of the teeth, in both arches, hence causing major aesthetic, phonetic and masticatory problems. The aim of the present article is to compare the outcomes of two therapeutical approaches: i) classical surgical removal with scalpel; and ii) diode laser resection. Compared to the surgical approach, the clinical results show that the main advantages of the diode laser technique are a better visibility during the intervention, minimal postoperative discomfort combined to a better gingival recontouring.

However, the time consumption and the high cost of the laser equipment remain the main disadvantages of the systematic use of this technique.

Hereditary nonsyndromic gingival fibromatosis: report of family case series

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare, benign disorder with slowly progressive enlargement of maxillary and mandibular gingiva. Herewith, we report the first case series of HGF presenting among mother and all of her 3 children. Their complaints included unaesthetic appearance due to gingival growth, malocclusion, and difficulty in mastication. Conventional gingivectomy with oral hygiene measures and regular followup is the treatment of choice for such presentation.