Mfouo-Tynga I, Houreld NN, Abrahamse H. Induced cell death pathway post photodynamic therapy using a metallophthalocyanine photosensitizer in breast cancer cells.
Photomed Laser Surg 2014;
32:205-11. [PMID:
24661060 DOI:
10.1089/pho.2013.3650]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
Zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPcSmix) was used as the photosensitizer (PS) in this study to investigate the cell death patterns as a result of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in a breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) in vitro using a 680 nm diode laser at a fluence of 5 J/cm(2).
BACKGROUND
PDT is a noninvasive form of cancer therapy, successfully applied for the treatment of various cancer types.
METHODS
Flow cytometry using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), a cell death immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and gene expression analysis following ZnPcSmix mediated PDT were performed to determine the induced cell death pathways.
RESULTS
The apoptotic cells abounded after the treatment, nuclear fragmentation was seen as oligonucleosomal degradation and increased expression of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), DNA fragmentation factor alpha (DFFA1), and caspase 2 (CASP2) genes, indicated that apoptosis is the main induced mode of cell death.
CONCLUSIONS
ZnPcSmix mediated PDT led to an apoptotic cell death pathway and the PS used showed its ability to stimulate and initiate programmed cell death.
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