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De Bie J, Langbeen A, Verlaet AAJ, Florizoone F, Immig I, Hermans N, Fransen E, Bols PEJ, Leroy JLMR. The effect of a negative energy balance status on β-carotene availability in serum and follicular fluid of nonlactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:5808-5819. [PMID: 27157583 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-10870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maternal metabolic pressure due to a cow's negative energy balance (NEB) has a negative effect on oocyte quality as a result of increased oxidative stress. In this study, we hypothesized that a NEB status may negatively affect the availability of β-carotene (bC, an antioxidant) in the micro-environment of the oocyte or follicular fluid (FF) and that daily bC supplementation can increase bC availability. We aimed to (1) determine the effect of a nutritionally induced NEB on bC concentrations in serum and FF as well as on the presence of bC metabolites, oxidative stress levels, and follicular growth in a nonlactating dairy cow model, and (2) investigate how this effect could be altered by dietary bC supplementation. Six multiparous nonlactating Holstein Friesian cows were subjected to 4 consecutive dietary treatments, 28 d each: (1) 1.2 × maintenance (M) or positive energy balance (PEB) without bC supplement (PEB-bC), (2) 1.2 × M with daily supplement of 2,000mg of bC comparable to the level of bC intake at grazing (PEB+bC), (3) 0.6 × M with 2,000mg of bC (NEB+bC), and (4) 0.6 × M (NEB-bC). At the end of each treatment, estrous cycles were synchronized and blood and FF of the largest follicle were sampled and analyzed for bC, retinol, α-tocopherol, free fatty acids, estradiol, and progesterone. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, insulin growth factor 1, growth hormone, total antioxidant status (TAS), and red blood cell glutathione (GSH) concentrations were determined as well. All cows lost body weight during both energy restriction periods and showed increased serum free fatty acid concentrations, illustrating a NEB. A dietary induced NEB reduced FF bC, but not plasma bC or plasma and FF retinol concentrations. However, bC and retinol concentrations drastically increased in both fluid compartments after bC supplementation. Follicular diameter was increased in supplemented PEB cows. Energy restriction reduced the TAS and red blood cell GSH, whereas daily bC supplementation could restore GSH concentrations, but not the TAS, to levels present in healthy PEB cows. In conclusion, daily bC supplementation can substantially improve bC and retinol availability in the oocyte's micro-environment, irrespective of the energy balance, which may affect follicular development and oocyte quality in the presence of maternal metabolic stress. This knowledge can be of importance to optimize nutritional strategies in the dairy industry to feed for optimal oocyte quality and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J De Bie
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - A Langbeen
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - A A J Verlaet
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - F Florizoone
- DSM Nutritional Products, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - I Immig
- DSM Nutritional Products, CH-4303 Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | - N Hermans
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - E Fransen
- StatUa Center for Statistics, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - P E J Bols
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - J L M R Leroy
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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Kim JK. An update on the potential health benefits of carotenes. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:1-4. [PMID: 27047317 PMCID: PMC4817424 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 406-772, Korea
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Lin C, Yon JM, Hong JT, Lee JK, Jeong J, Baek IJ, Lee BJ, Yun YW, Nam SY. 4-O-methylhonokiol inhibits serious embryo anomalies caused by nicotine via modulations of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 101:125-34. [PMID: 24692394 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.21092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the increasing smoking rate among women has resulted in higher rates of embryonic malformations, it is important to search for an efficient and inexpensive agent that can help reduce the rate of serious fetal anomalies caused by maternal cigarette smoking. In this study, the bioavailability of 4-O-methylhonokiol isolated from Magnolia officinalis was first demonstrated in the mouse embryos exposed to nicotine using a whole embryo culture system. METHODS Mouse embryos on embryonic day 8.5 were cultured with 1 mM nicotine and/or 4-O-methylhonokiol (1 × 10(-4) or 1 × 10(-3) μM) for 48 hr and were analyzed on the viewpoints of embryo developmental changes, oxidative damages, and apoptotic and inflammatory changes. RESULTS Embryos exposed to 1 mM nicotine developed not only severe morphological anomalies, increased expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and caspase 3 mRNAs; and elevated levels of lipid peroxidation, but also decreased levels of cytoplasmic superoxide dismutase, cytosolic glutathione peroxidase, phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase, hypoxia inducible factor-1α, and B-cell lymphoma-extra large mRNAs, and reduced superoxide dismutase activity. However, these parameters were significantly improved when embryos exposed to the nicotine were concurrently treated with 4-O-methylhonokiol (1 × 10(-4) or 1 × 10(-3) μM). CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that 4-O-methylhonokiol reduces serious embryo anomalies caused by nicotine in mouse embryos via the modulations of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, suggesting that 4-O-methylhonokiol may be a preventive and therapeutic agent against the dysmorphology induced by maternal smoking during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
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Effect of beta-carotene on titanium oxide nanoparticles-induced testicular toxicity in mice. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:561-8. [PMID: 24515782 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the protective effect of beta-carotene (BC) on titanium oxide nanoparticle (TNP) induced spermatogenesis defects in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two NMRI mice were randomly divided into four groups. BC group received 10 mg/kg of BC for 35 days. TNP group received 300 mg/kg TNP for 35 days. TNP+BC group initially received 10 mg/kg BC for 10 days and was followed by concomitant administration of 300 mg/kg TNP for 35 days. Control group received only normal saline for 35 days. Epididymal sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, spermatogenesis assessments and testosterone assay were performed for evaluation of the TNP and BC effects on testis. RESULTS Serum testosterone levels were markedly decreased in TNP-intoxicated mice. Epididymal sperm parameters including sperm number, motility and percentage of abnormality were significantly changed in TNP-intoxicated mice (p < 0.01). Histopathological criteria such as epithelial vacuolization, sloughing of germ cells and detachment were significantly increased in TNP-intoxicated mice (p < 0.001). BC+TNP treatment significantly prevented these changes (p < 0.05). BC also significantly elevates testosterone levels in BC+TNP group compared to TNP-treated mice (p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrated that BC improved the spermatogenesis defects in TNP-treated mice. BC had a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity and might be clinically useful.
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