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Noppradit B, Klinnawee L, Leeratiwong C, Praparatana R, Puttarak P. Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. and Hydrocotyle umbellata L. identification and quality assessment: A methodology comparison. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1383-1398. [PMID: 38747201 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Centella is an important genus in the Apiaceae family. It includes Centella asiatica, which has significant edible and medicinal values. However, this species is easily confused due to its similar morphological traits to Hydrocotyle umbellata, hindering its utilization in the consumer and pharmacological industries. OBJECTIVE The study aims to differentiate these two closely related plant species using reliable methods of confirming the authenticity of natural herbal medicines. METHODS Our work mainly focuses on the basic morphological characteristics, chemical markers, genetic fingerprints, and their biological responses. RESULTS The plants can be clearly differentiated using their leaf shapes, stipules, petioles, inflorescences, and fruit structures. Although the phytochemical compositions of the C. asiatica extract were similar to that of H. umbellata which included flavonoids, tannins, and saponins important to the plant's ability to reduce inflammation and promote healing of wounds, the H. umbellata extract showed significantly higher toxicity than that of C. asiatica. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis was used to identify chemical fingerprints. The result revealed that C. asiatica had major triterpene glycoside constituents including asiaticoside, asiatic acid, madecassoside, and madecassic acid, which have a wide range of medicinal values. In contrast, triterpenoid saponins were not identified in H. umbellata. Furthermore, using SCoT1-6 primers was possible to effectively and sufficiently created a dendrogram which successfully identified the closeness of the plants and confirmed the differences between the two plant species. CONCLUSION Therefore, differentiation can be achieved through the combination of morphometrics, molecular bioactivity, and chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjaporn Noppradit
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Lompong Klinnawee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Plant Cell and Physiology for Sustainable Agriculture Research Unit, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Charan Leeratiwong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | | | - Panupong Puttarak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Scipione C, Scipione V, Cox D, Cornelli U, Cotellese R, Dugall M, Hosoi M, Corsi M, Feragalli B. Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) in diabetics: supplementation with Pycnogenol®+Centellicum® prevents edema and the evolution of microangiopathy. Minerva Med 2023; 114:881-883. [PMID: 37382514 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.23.08703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Belcaro
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy -
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy -
| | - Maria R Cesarone
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
| | - Claudia Scipione
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
| | - Valeria Scipione
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
| | - David Cox
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
| | - Umberto Cornelli
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
| | - Roberto Cotellese
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mark Dugall
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
| | - Morio Hosoi
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
| | - Marcello Corsi
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
| | - Beatrice Feragalli
- IRVINE3 and Nicolaides Labs, Circulation Sciences and San Valentino, Vascular Screening Project, Pescara, Italy
- International Agency for Pharma Standard Supplements (IAPPS), Pescara, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Chieti-Pescara University, Chieti, Italy
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Ganie IB, Ahmad Z, Shahzad A, Zaushintsena A, Neverova O, Ivanova S, Wasi A, Tahseen S. Biotechnological Intervention and Secondary Metabolite Production in Centella asiatica L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2928. [PMID: 36365380 PMCID: PMC9656378 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Centella asiatica L., commonly known as Gotu kola, Indian pennywort, and Asiatic pennyworts, is an herbaceous perennial plant that belongs to the family Apiaceae and has long been used in the traditional medicine system. The plant is known to produce a wide range of active metabolites such as triterpenoids including asiatic acid, asiaticoside, brahmoside, and madecassic acid along with other constituents including centellose, centelloside, and madecassoside, etc., which show immense pharmacological activity. Due to its beneficial role in neuroprotection activity, the plant has been considered as a brain tonic. However, limited cultivation, poor seed viability with low germination rate, and overexploitation for decades have led to severe depletion and threatened its wild stocks. The present review aimed to provide up-to-date information on biotechnological tools applied to this endangered medicinal plant for its in vitro propagation, direct or indirect regeneration, synthetic seed production, strategies for secondary metabolite productions including different elicitors. In addition, a proposed mechanism for the biosynthesis of triterpenoids is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Bashir Ganie
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Zishan Ahmad
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Anwar Shahzad
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Alexandra Zaushintsena
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
- Department of Ecology and Nature Management, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Olga Neverova
- Department of Ecology and Nature Management, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Svetlana Ivanova
- Natural Nutraceutical Biotesting Laboratory, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
- Department of General Mathematics and Informatics, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street, 6, Kemerovo 650043, Russia
| | - Adla Wasi
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sabaha Tahseen
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Yun S. Practical Use of Venoactive Drugs for Chronic Venous Disease in Korea. Phlebology 2022. [DOI: 10.37923/phle.2022.20.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangchul Yun
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Arribas-López E, Zand N, Ojo O, Snowden MJ, Kochhar T. A Systematic Review of the Effect of Centella asiatica on Wound Healing. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3266. [PMID: 35328954 PMCID: PMC8956065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under metabolic stress conditions, there is a higher demand for nutrients which needs to be met. This is to reduce the risk of delay in wound healing which could lead to chronic wound. AIM This is a systematic review of the effect of Centella asiatica on wound healing. C. asiatica is a traditional medicinal plant used due to its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and wound healing properties. METHODS PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed for the systematic review and four electronic databases were used. RESULTS Four clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. The following distinct areas were identified under C. asiatica: wound contraction and granulation; healing/bleeding time and re-epithelialization; VAS (visual analogue scale) scores; skin erythema and wound appearance. CONCLUSIONS C. asiatica might enhance wound healing resulting from improved angiogenesis. This might occur due to its stimulating effect on collagen I, Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) production. Besides, C. asiatica has shown an anti-inflammatory effect observed by the reduction in Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumour Necrosis Factor α (TNFα), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity. Delivery systems such as nanoencapsulation could be used to increase C. asiatica bioavailability. Nevertheless, more studies are needed in order to perform a meta-analysis and ascertain the effects of C. asiatica on wound healing and its different parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Arribas-López
- School of Science, Medway Campus, University of Greenwich, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (E.A.-L.); (N.Z.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Nazanin Zand
- School of Science, Medway Campus, University of Greenwich, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (E.A.-L.); (N.Z.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Omorogieva Ojo
- School of Health Sciences, Avery Hill Campus, University of Greenwich, Avery Hill Road, London SE9 2UG, UK
| | - Martin John Snowden
- School of Science, Medway Campus, University of Greenwich, Central Ave, Gillingham, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (E.A.-L.); (N.Z.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Tony Kochhar
- HCA London Bridge Hospital, Tooley Street, London SE1 2PR, UK;
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Gravina AG, Pellegrino R, Facchiano A, Palladino G, Loguercio C, Federico A. Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of a Compound of Micronized Flavonoids in Combination With Vitamin C and Extracts of Centella asiatica, Vaccinium myrtillus, and Vitis vinifera for the Reduction of Hemorrhoidal Symptoms in Patients With Grade II and III Hemorrhoidal Disease: A Retrospective Real-Life Study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:773320. [PMID: 34970145 PMCID: PMC8712720 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Several evidences have shown how, in hemorrhoidal disease, phlebotonic flavonoid agents such as quercetin reduce capillary permeability by increasing vascular walls resistance, how rutin and vitamin C have antioxidant properties, and that Centella asiatica has reparative properties towards the connective tissue. A retrospective study was designed in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a compound consisting of micronized flavonoids in combination with vitamin C and extracts of C. asiatica, Vaccinium myrtillus, and Vitis vinifera for grade II and III hemorrhoidal disease. Patients and Methods: Data of 49 patients, over 18, who were following a free diet regimen, not on therapy with other anti-hemorrhoid agents, treated with a compound consisting of 450 mg of micronized diosmin, 300 mg of C. asiatica, 270 mg of micronized hesperidin, 200 mg of V. vinifera, 160 mg of vitamin C, 160 mg of V. myrtillus, 140 mg of micronized quercetin, and 130 mg of micronized rutin (1 sachet or 2 tablets a day) for 7 days were collected. Hemorrhoid grade according to Goligher’s scale together with anorectal symptoms (edema, prolapse, itching, thrombosis, burning, pain, tenesmus, and bleeding) both before treatment (T0) and after 7 days of therapy (T7) were collected. Primary outcomes were the reduction of at least one degree of hemorrhoids according to Goligher’s scale assessed by proctological examination and compound safety. The secondary outcome was the reduction of anorectal symptoms assessed by questionnaires administered to patients. Results: Forty-four patients (89.8%) presented a reduction in hemorrhoidal grade of at least one grade (p < 0.001). No adverse events with the use of the compound were noted. A significant reduction was observed in all anorectal symptoms evaluated (p < 0.05). No predictors of response to the compound were identified among the clinical and demographic variables collected. Conclusion: The compound analyzed was effective and safe for patients with grade II and III hemorrhoidal disease according to Goligher’s scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta G Gravina
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Pellegrino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Facchiano
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Palladino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmelina Loguercio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Federico
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Yun S. Venoactive Drugs, Summary of the Clinical Trials and Guidelines. Phlebology 2021. [DOI: 10.37923/phle.2021.19.2.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangchul Yun
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Vascular Leakage Effects by Combination of Centella asiatica and Vitis vinifera L. Leaf Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:7381620. [PMID: 33936244 PMCID: PMC8060118 DOI: 10.1155/2021/7381620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Venous insufficiency results from several factors responsible for the progression of inflammation and oxidative damage of veins. Recently, natural extracts have been proposed for the treatment of venous insufficiency, but their efficacies have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, we evaluate the combinatorial effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-vascular leakage potential of mixed compositions containing different proportions of Centella asiatica extract (CE) and Vitis vinifera L. leaf extract (VVE) using an inflammation model of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW264.7 cells and various vascular permeability models in mice (acetic-acid-induced peritoneal vascular model, mustard-oil-stimulated ear vascular model, and carrageenan-induced paw edema model). Pretreatment of CE and VVE in a 1 : 3 combination dose dependently inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) through downregulation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. In vascular permeability-related mouse models, pretreatment with the CE-VVE 1 : 3 combination significantly reduced the permeability of peritoneal or ear veins caused by acetic acid and mustard oil, respectively. Furthermore, pretreatment of the CE-VVE 1 : 3 combination ameliorated inflammation and edema of the hind paw caused by carrageenan injection. Thus, the combination of CE and VVE showed significant anti-inflammatory qualities and anti-vascular leakage effects. These findings indicate that an optimal combination of CE and VVE may have a more synergistic effect than that of CE or VVE alone as a putative agent against vascular incompetence.
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Phaisan S, Makkliang F, Putalun W, Sakamoto S, Yusakul G. Development of a colorless Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. extract using a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) optimized by response surface methodology. RSC Adv 2021; 11:8741-8750. [PMID: 35423359 PMCID: PMC8695212 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09934a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study outlines a green process for Centella asiatica (L.) Urb. (CA) extraction. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were combined to provide a high bioactive compound yield and high antioxidant activity. Among the NADESs evaluated, the combination of acetylcholine chloride : malic acid : water (1 : 2 : 2): water (40 : 60) was the best for extraction. These conditions provide high madecassoside (MS) (21.7 mg g-1 dry weight) and asiaticoside (AS) (12.7 mg g-1 dry weight) yields, with greater than 80% (v/v) EtOH (13.3 mg g-1 MS and 7.80 mg g-1 AS). In addition, the extracts from this process showed higher antioxidant activity (IC50 = 0.26 mg mL-1) than the CA aqueous EtOH and water extracts. Moreover, the color of the extract products was less green than that of the extracts prepared using EtOH and aqueous EtOH as solvents, which are suitable for cosmeceutical products. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for MAE optimization. The ANOVA data from the central composition design (CCD) of RSM were fitted with quadratic models yielding acceptable R 2 (>0.93), adjusted R 2 (>0.87), predicted R 2 (>0.81), and nonsignificant lack of fit (p > 0.05) values. The quadratic model was validated using optimal conditions (30 s, power 300 W, and a liquid to solid ratio 20 mL g-1), and the model validation showed more than 80% accuracy in both MS and AS yields. This research presented an effective green process for CA extraction, which resulted in an environmentally friendly CA extract requiring little energy consumption and no organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suppalak Phaisan
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University Thaiburi, Thasala Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160 Thailand
| | - Fonthip Makkliang
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University Thaiburi, Thasala Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160 Thailand
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
- Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products Using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), National Research University-Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8582 Japan
| | - Gorawit Yusakul
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University Thaiburi, Thasala Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160 Thailand
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Zhang M, Liu S, Fang L, Wang G, Yin L. Asiaticoside inhibits renal fibrosis development by regulating the miR-142-5p/ACTN4 axis. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:313-322. [PMID: 33444480 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis results in the progressive renal dysfunction and leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ultimately end-stage renal disease. Asiaticoside was reported to regulate synaptopodin, desmin, nephrin, and podocin levels in adriamycin-induced nephropathy of rats. In this study, we found out that asiaticoside inhibited renal fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, miR-142-5p was upregulated in in vitro and in vivo models of CKD. MiR-142-5p promoted the levels of collagen-I, collagen-IV, and fibronectin proteins. Additionally, miR-142-5p overexpression partly rescued the protective effect of asiaticoside on renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, miR-142-5p inhibited ACTN4 levels by binding with its 3´untranslated region, and further reduced its translation. Treatment of asiaticoside decreased miR-142-5p levels and increased ACTN4 levels. Rescue assays revealed that ACTN4 overexpression partially rescued the effect of miR-142-5p on renal fibrosis. Asiaticoside mitigated renal fibrosis by regulating the miR-142-5p/ACTN4 axis. In conclusion, asiaticoside inhibits renal fibrosis by regulating the miR-142-5p/ACTN4 axis. This novel discovery suggested that asiaticoside may serve as a potential medicine for renal fibrosis improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.23 Nanhu Road, Jianye District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhuan Liu
- Pharmacy Dispensary, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Fang
- Department of Nephropathy, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.23 Nanhu Road, Jianye District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Yin
- Department of Nephropathy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.23 Nanhu Road, Jianye District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, People's Republic of China
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Torbati FA, Ramezani M, Dehghan R, Amiri MS, Moghadam AT, Shakour N, Elyasi S, Sahebkar A, Emami SA. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Features of Centella asiatica: A Comprehensive Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:451-499. [PMID: 33861456 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Centella asiatica (CA) or Gotu cola is an herbal plant from the Apiaceae family with a long history of usage in different traditional medicines. It has long been used for the treatment of various ailments such as central nervous system (CNS), skin and gastrointestinal disorders especially in the Southeast Asia. This chapter focused on the phytochemical constituent and pharmacological activities of CA based on preclinical and clinical studies. Additionally, botanical description and distribution, traditional uses, interactions, and safety issues are reviewed. Electronic databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to obtain relevant studies on the pharmacological activities of CA. Approximately, 124 chemical compounds including triterpenoids, polyphenolic compounds, and essential oils have been isolated and identified from CA. Ethnomedicinal applications of CA mostly include treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, wounds, nervous system disorders, circulatory diseases, skin problems, respiratory ailments, diabetes and sleep disorders in various ethnobotanical practices. Pharmacological studies revealed a wide range of beneficial effects of CA on CNS, cardiovascular, lung, liver, kidney, gastrointestinal, skin, and endocrine system. Among them, neuroprotective activity, wound healing and treatment of venous insufficiency, as well as antidiabetic activity seem to be more frequently reported. At the moment, considering various health benefits of CA, it is marketed as an oral supplement as well as a topical ingredient in some cosmetic products. Additional preclinical studies and particularly randomized controlled trials are needed to clarify the therapeutic roles of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Abedi Torbati
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahin Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Dehghan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ali Tafazoli Moghadam
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Shakour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sepideh Elyasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Meng YQ, Tong H, Li XX, Kuai ZY, Li QW, Xu CD. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of derivatives of ring A of asiatic acid. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2020; 22:689-700. [PMID: 31122063 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1616693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Based on the simulation of the docking of survivin protein with known small molecule inhibitors, the active groups which can bind to target proteins were analyzed by the techniques of computer-aided drug design (CADD). These active groups were introduced into the A-ring of asiatic acid and their C-28 sites were reconstructed simultaneously. Ten asiatic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by MS and NMR. The inhibitory activities of the asiatic acid derivatives against HepG2 and SGC7901 cell lines were evaluated and confirmed by the tetrazolium bromidesalt (MTT) assay. The results showed that compounds I6 and II4 exhibited more potent cytotoxicity than the positive control drug gefitinib, which was comparable to that of adriamycin.[Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qiu Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - He Tong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Kuai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Qian-Wen Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
| | - Chuan-Dong Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China
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Intra-Articular Route for the System of Molecules 14G1862 from Centella Asiatica: Pain Relieving and Protective Effects in a Rat Model of Osteoarthritis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061618. [PMID: 32486519 PMCID: PMC7352185 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Current pharmacological therapies for the management of chronic articular diseases are far from being satisfactory, so new strategies need to be investigated. We tested the intra-articular pain relieving properties of a system of molecules from a characterized Centella asiatica extract (14G1862) in a rat model of osteoarthritis induced by monoiodoacetate (MIA). 14G1862 (0.2–2 mg mL−1) was intra-articularly (i.a.) injected 7 days after MIA, behavioural and histological evaluations were performed 14, 30 and 60 days after treatments. Moreover, the effect of 14G1862 on nitrate production and iNOS expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS was assessed. In vitro, 14G1862 treatment attenuated LPS-induced NO production and iNOS expression in a comparable manner to celecoxib. In vivo, 14G1862 significantly reduced mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain and motor alterations starting on day 14 up to day 60. The efficacy was higher or comparable to that evoked by triamcinolone acetonide (100 μg i.a.) used as reference drug. Histological evaluation highlighted the improvement of several morphological parameters in MIA + 14G1862-treated animals with particularly benefic effects on joint space and fibrin deposition. In conclusion, i.a. treatment with Centella asiatica is a candidate to be a novel effective approach for osteoarthritis therapy.
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14
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Titrated Extract of Centella asiatica in Phthalic Anhydride-Induced Allergic Dermatitis Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040738. [PMID: 28358324 PMCID: PMC5412323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Centella asiatica has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-dermatitic effect has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the anti-dermatitic effects of titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) in a phthalic anhydride (PA)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) animal model as well as in vitro model. An AD-like lesion was induced by the topical application of five percent PA to the dorsal skin or ear of Hos:HR-1 mouse. After AD induction, 100 μL of 0.2% and 0.4% of TECA (40 μg or 80 μg/cm2) was spread on the dorsum of the ear or back skin three times a week for four weeks. We evaluated dermatitis severity, histopathological changes and changes in protein expression by Western blotting for inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and NF-κB activity, which were determined by electromobility shift assay (EMSA). We also measured TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IgE concentration in the blood of AD mice by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TECA treatment attenuated the development of PA-induced atopic dermatitis. Histological analysis showed that TECA inhibited hyperkeratosis, mast cells and infiltration of inflammatory cells. TECA treatment inhibited expression of iNOS and COX-2, and NF-κB activity as well as the release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IgE. In addition, TECA (1, 2, 5 μg/mL) potently inhibited Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (1 μg/mL)-induced NO production, expression of iNOS and COX-2, and NF-κB DNA binding activities in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Our data demonstrated that TECA could be a promising agent for AD by inhibition of NF-κB signaling.
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15
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Bylka W, Znajdek-Awiżeń P, Studzińska-Sroka E, Dańczak-Pazdrowska A, Brzezińska M. Centella asiatica in dermatology: an overview. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1117-24. [PMID: 24399761 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant that was already used as a 'panacea' 3000 years ago. The active compounds include pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly asiaticoside, madecasosside, asiatic acid and madecassic acid. We have conducted an overview to summarize current knowledge on the results of scientific in vitro and in vivo experiments focused on the improvement of the healing process of small wounds, hypertrophic scars and burns by C. asiatica. In this paper, we discuss the data on constituents, recommended preparations and the potential side effects of C. asiatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesława Bylka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Święcickiego 4, 60-781, Poznań, Poland
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