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Maloca PM, Faludi B, Zelechowski M, Jud C, Vollmar T, Hug S, Müller PL, de Carvalho ER, Zarranz-Ventura J, Reich M, Lange C, Egan C, Tufail A, Hasler PW, Scholl HPN, Cattin PC. Validation of virtual reality orbitometry bridges digital and physical worlds. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11815. [PMID: 32678297 PMCID: PMC7366721 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical science and medical imaging technology are traditionally displayed in two dimensions (2D) on a computer monitor. In contrast, three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality (VR) expands the realm of 2D image visualization, enabling an immersive VR experience with unhindered spatial interaction by the user. Thus far, analysis of data extracted from VR applications was mainly qualitative. In this study, we enhance VR and provide evidence for quantitative VR research by validating digital VR display of computed tomography (CT) data of the orbit. Volumetric CT data were transferred and rendered into a VR environment. Subsequently, seven graders performed repeated and blinded diameter measurements. The intergrader variability of the measurements in VR was much lower compared to measurements in the physical world and measurements were reasonably consistent with their corresponding elements in the real context. The overall VR measurements were 5.49% higher. As such, this study attests the ability of VR to provide similar quantitative data alongside the added benefit of VR interfaces. VR entails a lot of potential for the future research in ophthalmology and beyond in any scientific field that uses three-dimensional data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M Maloca
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,OCTlab, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.
| | - Balázs Faludi
- Center for Medical Image Analysis & Navigation, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marek Zelechowski
- Center for Medical Image Analysis & Navigation, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Jud
- Center for Medical Image Analysis & Navigation, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Theo Vollmar
- MRZ Medical Radiology Center, 6004, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Sibylle Hug
- MRZ Medical Radiology Center, 6004, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Philipp L Müller
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | | | | | - Michael Reich
- Faculty of Medicine, Eye Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Lange
- Faculty of Medicine, Eye Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Egan
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Adnan Tufail
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, EC1V 2PD, UK
| | - Pascal W Hasler
- OCTlab, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hendrik P N Scholl
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel (IOB), 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 21287, USA
| | - Philippe C Cattin
- Center for Medical Image Analysis & Navigation, University of Basel, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
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Guo J, Qian J, Yuan Y. Computed Tomography Measurements as a Standard of Exophthalmos? Two-Dimensional Versus Three-Dimensional Techniques. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:647-653. [PMID: 29377729 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1431285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of Health Ministry, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Qian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of Health Ministry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifei Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Myopia Key Laboratory of Health Ministry, Shanghai, China
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A Novel Three-Dimensional Vector Analysis of Axial Globe Position in Thyroid Eye Disease. J Ophthalmol 2017; 2017:7253898. [PMID: 28491471 PMCID: PMC5401755 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7253898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To define a three-dimensional (3D) vector method to describe the axial globe position in thyroid eye disease (TED). Methods. CT data from 59 patients with TED were collected and 3D images were reconstructed. A reference coordinate system was established, and the coordinates of the corneal apex and the eyeball center were calculated to obtain the globe vector EC→. The measurement reliability was evaluated. The parameters of EC→ were analyzed and compared with the results of two-dimensional (2D) CT measurement, Hertel exophthalmometry, and strabismus tests. Results. The reliability of EC→ measurement was excellent. The difference between EC→ and 2D CT measurement was significant (p = 0.003), and EC→ was more consistent with Hertel exophthalmometry than with 2D CT measurement (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between EC→ and Hirschberg test, and a strong correlation was found between EC→ and synoptophore test. When one eye had a larger deviation angle than its fellow, its corneal apex shifted in the corresponding direction, but the shift of the eyeball center was not significant. The parameters of EC→ were almost perfectly consistent with the geometrical equation. Conclusions. The establishment of a 3D globe vector is feasible and reliable, and it could provide more information in the axial globe position.
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Markowski J, Jagosz-Kandziora E, Likus W, Pająk J, Mrukwa-Kominek E, Paluch J, Dziubdziela W. Primary orbital tumors: a review of 122 cases during a 23-year period: a histo-clinical study in material from the ENT Department of the Medical University of Silesia. Med Sci Monit 2014; 20:988-94. [PMID: 24930391 PMCID: PMC4068967 DOI: 10.12659/msm.890433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of different types of primary orbital tumors, histopathological diagnosis, and postoperative complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS We analyzed 122 patients (68 women and 54 men) with orbital tumors, hospitalized in the ENT Department of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice during 1990-2013. The patients were characterized in terms of anatomic, topographical, histopathological, and clinical parameters. The role of diagnostic imagining such as CT, NMR, and fine-needle aspiration (FNB) in preoperative diagnostics is discussed. RESULTS of FNB, cytological, and histopathological examination of the postoperative specimens were compared. Results There were 56 (46%) patients with malignant tumors, 42 (34%) with benign tumors, 19 (16%) with inflammatory tumors, and 5 patients (4%) had other tumors. In cases of malignant tumors, local recurrence up to 5 years was found in 36 (64.3%) cases. In the other 20 (35.7%) cases of malignant tumors, the patients remained under close follow-up in the outpatient clinic, without signs of local recurrence (follow-up 1-17 years). According to histopathological examination, malignant tumors were detected in 45.9% of patients and non-malignant tumor in 34.4% of patients. In 19.7% of patients, inflammatory and other types of tumors were diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS We characterized the occurrence and pathological profiles of orbital tumors. The tumor location, histopathological diagnosis, and postoperative complications give us important information for the diagnosis of tumor prior to biopsy or tumor resection and for the determination of the treatment strategy and possible complications after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wirginia Likus
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Pająk
- Department of Pathomorphology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Mrukwa-Kominek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Paluch
- Department of ENT, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Dziubdziela
- Outpatient Clinic for Treatment of Chronic Pain, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland
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