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Miao L, Jin B, Ning M, Zhang X, Wang Z, Mai R, Cai L, Wang Y. The Effect of Unintended Facet Arthrodesis on the Treatment Outcome of Dynamic Neutralization System for Lumbar Degenerative Diseases. Indian J Orthop 2024; 58:271-277. [PMID: 38425823 PMCID: PMC10899546 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-023-01088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine the influence of unintended facet arthrodesis on the therapeutic effectiveness of the dynamic neutralization system (Dynesys). Methods This retrospective study enrolled consecutive patients who underwent posterior decompression and dynamic stabilization for lumbar spondylosis or spinal stenosis. Follow-up assessments included lumbar radiography, lumbar vertebral computerized tomography (CT), visual analog scale (VAS), and Oswestry disability index (ODI). Patients were classified into the facet fusion and non-fusion groups. The differences in the VAS scores for back pain and leg pain, ODI, intervertebral range of motion (ROM) at the surgical segments, and upper adjacent segments were assessed before and after treatment. Results A total of 49 patients (29 males and 20 females) aged 31-65 years were enrolled and followed-up for over 40 months. Among the patients, 16 (32.7%) experienced unintended facet arthrodesis and were assigned to the fusion group, whereas the remaining patients were assigned to the non-fusion group. There was a significant increase in the incidence of facet arthrodesis in the surgical segments over time post-surgery (χ2 = 6.2, p < 0.05). The ROM of the surgical and upper adjacent segments, VAS scores for back pain and leg pain, and ODI were all significantly different before and after the operation (p < 0.05), but not between the fusion and non-fusion groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion Although unintended facet arthrodesis is common after Dynesys procedure, the presence of facet arthrodesis does not significantly affect the efficacy of Dynesys in treating lumbar degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Miao
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Bo Jin
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Ma Ning
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004 Ningxia China
| | - Zhaowei Wang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Ruopeng Mai
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Lijun Cai
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
| | - Yinong Wang
- Department of Spinal Orthopedics, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 301 North Zhengyuan Road, Yinchuan, 750002 Ningxia China
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Dong S, Zhu Y, Yang H, Tang N, Huang G, Li J, Tian K. Evaluation of the Predictors for Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes of Degenerative Lumbar Spondylolisthesis After Lumbar Interbody Fusion Using Machine Learning. Front Public Health 2022; 10:835938. [PMID: 35309190 PMCID: PMC8927688 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.835938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of geriatric patients are suffering from degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) and need a lumbar interbody fusion (LIF) operation to alleviate the symptoms. Our study was performed aiming to determine the predictors that contributed to unfavorable clinical efficacy among patients with DLS after LIF according to the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Methods A total of 157 patients with single-segment DLS were recruited and performed LIF in our hospital from January 1, 2015 to October 1, 2020. Postoperative functional evaluation, including ODI and VAS were, performed, and endpoint events were defined as significant relief of symptom in the short term (2 weeks postoperatively) and long term (1 year postoperatively). General patient information and radiological data were selected and analyzed for statistical relationships with the endpoint events. The SVM method was used to establish the predictive model. Results Among the 157 consecutive patients, a postoperative unfavorable clinical outcome was reported in 26 patients (16.6%) for a short-term cohort and nine patients (5.7%) for a long-term cohort. Based on univariate and multivariate regression analysis, increased disc height (DH), enlarged facet angle (FA), and raised lateral listhesis (LLS) grade were confirmed as the risk factors that hindered patients' short-term functional recovery. Furthermore, long-term functional recovery was significantly associated with DH alone. In combination with the SVM method, a prediction model with consistent and superior predictive performance was achieved with average and maximum areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88 and 0.96 in the short-term cohort, and 0.78 and 0.82 in the long-term cohort. The classification results of the discriminant analysis were demonstrated by the confusion matrix. Conclusions The proposed SVM model indicated that DH, FA, and LLS were statistically associated with a clinical outcome of DLS. These results may provide optimized clinical strategy for treatment of DLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengtao Dong
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Dalian No. 3 People's Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ningyu Tang
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guangyi Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Jie Li
| | - Kang Tian
- Department of Bone and Joint, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Kang Tian
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Sacralization may be associated with facet orientation and tropism but not degenerative changes of the lumbar vertebrae. Pol J Radiol 2021; 86:e387-e393. [PMID: 34322189 PMCID: PMC8297486 DOI: 10.5114/pjr.2021.107726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the possible effects of transitional vertebra anatomy on facet joint tropism and orientation by evaluating lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed at our institution. Material and methods We included 84 patients with sacralization of the L5 vertebra and an equal number of patients with a radiology report within normal limits as the control group in our study. We compared facet tropism (FT) and orientation between both groups. Results In both the sacralization group and the control group, the facet orientation angle showed a significant increasing trend from the L1-L2 level to the L5-S1 level (p < 0.001). The orientation angle of the L5-S1 level was higher in the sacralization group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). In the evaluation of FJ orientation between the sacralization and control groups, we found that coronal orientation was significantly more frequent at the L5-S1 level in the sacralization group. When the 2 groups were compared with regard to tropism at each spinal level, the sacralization group had a significantly higher FT frequency at the L5-S1 level (p < 0.001). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the relationship between sacralization and facet joint tropism. However, there were no relationships between facet degeneration, disc degeneration/herniation, and sacralization. Our results indicate that, although patients with sacralization and controls had similar characteristics in most assessments, they demonstrated significant differences at the L5-S1 level in terms of orientation and tropism.
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Shimizu T, Koda M, Abe T, Shibao Y, Kono M, Eto F, Miura K, Mataki K, Noguchi H, Takahashi H, Funayama T, Yamazaki M. Correlation between osteoarthritis of the atlantoaxial facet joint and a high-riding vertebral artery. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:406. [PMID: 33941142 PMCID: PMC8091766 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04275-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high-riding vertebral artery (HRVA) is an intraosseous anomaly that narrows the trajectory for C2 pedicle screws. The prevalence of a HRVA is high in patients who need surgery at the craniovertebral junction, but reports about HRVAs in subaxial cervical spine disorders are limited. We sought to determine the prevalence of HRVAs among patients with subaxial cervical spine disorders to elucidate the potential risk for VA injury in subaxial cervical spine surgery. METHODS We included 215 patients, 94 were with a main lesion from C3 to C7 (subaxial group) and 121 were with a main lesion from T1 to L5 (thoracolumbar group). A HRVA was defined as a maximum C2 pedicle diameter of < 3.5 mm on axial CT. The sex, age of patients, body mass index (BMI), osteoarthritis of the atlantoaxial (C1-2) facet joints, and prevalence of a HRVA in the 2 groups were compared and logistic regression was used to identify the factors correlated with a HRVA. RESULTS The patients in the subaxial group were younger than those in the thoracolumbar group, but their sex and BMI did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. The mean osteoarthritis grade of the C1-2 facet joints of patients in the subaxial group was significantly higher than that in those in the thoracolumbar group. A HRVA was found in 26 patients of 94 (27.7 %) in the subaxial group and in 19 of 121 (15.7 %) in the thoracolumbar group. The prevalence of a HRVA in the subaxial group was significantly higher and osteoarthritis of C1-2 facet joints correlated significantly with a HRVA. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of a HRVA in patients with subaxial cervical spine disorders is higher than in those without and osteoarthritis of the C1-2 facet joints is correlated with a HRVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Shimizu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Masao Koda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Abe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shibao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mamoru Kono
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Eto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kousei Miura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mataki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Noguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Toru Funayama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamazaki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Tiwari P, Kaur H, Kaur H, Jha V, Singh N, Ashraf A. Prevalence of facet joint arthritis and its association with spinal pain in mountain population - A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF CRANIOVERTEBRAL JUNCTION AND SPINE 2020; 11:36-45. [PMID: 32549711 PMCID: PMC7274360 DOI: 10.4103/jcvjs.jcvjs_121_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: People living in the mountains are subject to tough terrain and climbing biomechanics which lead to degeneration of the spine and Facet joint arthritis (FJA). Aims: The goal of present study was (1) to know the prevalence of facet joint arthritis on CT scans in mountain population in regard to (a) different levels in spine (b) age (c) sex (2) to know if there is any significant association between FJA and spinal pain at that corresponding level. Materials and Methods: Bilateral Facet joints of 210 participants (age range, 18 to 97 years) who underwent MDCT imaging for reasons other than spinal pain, were graded and statistically analysed with SPSS software in this study. FJA was defined as at least one joint affected by facet joint disease (grade 2). Results: In our study, Seventy two men (68.5%) and eighty four women (80%) had Facet Joint arthritis. The difference between men and women in the prevalence of FJA was not statistically significant (P = 0.058). The increasing age demonstrated a higher prevalence of facet joint arthritis with statistical significance (P = 0.000). In dorsal and lumbar spine region, there was a statistically significant difference in prevalence of FJA according to spinal level. The prevalence of FJA grade 2 in cervical and dorsal spine region was associated with spinal pain in both men (P = 0.000) and women (P = 0.000). However, no statistically significant association was found between FJA grade 2 and spinal pain in lumbar spine region in both males (P = 0.680) and females (P = 0.680) as well as in total population (P = 0.513). Conclusions: People residing and actually ambulating in the mountain regions and exposed to the terrain have higher prevalence of Facet joint arthritis as compared to general population and this may be an independent risk factor for development of facet joint arthritis. However, a statistically significant relation between FJA and spinal pain exists only in cervical and dorsal spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punit Tiwari
- Department of Orthopaedics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Harmeet Kaur
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Department of Community Medicine, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vivek Jha
- Department of Orthopaedics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Navneet Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Arshad Ashraf
- Department of Orthopaedics, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Predictors of Response to a Medial Branch Block: MRI Analysis of the Lumbar Spine. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8040538. [PMID: 31010137 PMCID: PMC6518052 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8040538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the association between radiologic spinal pathology and the response to medial branches block (MBB). This retrospective observational study compared 165 patients. A successful response was defined as ≥30% or a 2-point reduction in the numeric rating scale (NRS) compared with the baseline at the 1-month follow-up. The facet angle, facet angle difference, facet joint degeneration, disc height and spondylolisthesis grade were analyzed from an MRI at the L3 to S1 levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate independent factors associated with a successful response of MBB. In the univariate analysis, the disc height at L5-S1 and facet angle difference at L3-4 were lower in the positive responders (p = 0.022 and p = 0.087, respectively). In the multivariate analysis, the facet angle difference at L3-4 and disc height at L5-S1 were independent factors associated with a successful response (odds ratio = 0.948; p = 0.038 and odds ratio = 0.864; p = 0.038, respectively). In patients with a degenerative disc at L5-S1, MBB can lead to a good response for at least one month. In patients with facet tropism at L3-4 level, the response to MBB after one month is likely to be poor.
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Jarraya M, Guermazi A, Lorbergs AL, Brochin E, Kiel DP, Bouxsein ML, Cupples LA, Samelson EJ. A longitudinal study of disc height narrowing and facet joint osteoarthritis at the thoracic and lumbar spine, evaluated by computed tomography: the Framingham Study. Spine J 2018; 18:2065-2073. [PMID: 29679729 PMCID: PMC6195485 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Prevalence and progression of disc height narrowing (DHN) and facet joint osteoarthritis (FJOA) in the thoracic and lumbar regions in non-clinical populations are not well established. PURPOSE The present study aimed to use computed tomography (CT) images to determine the prevalence and progression of DHN and FJOA according to age, sex, and spinal region. STUDY DESIGN This is a 6-year longitudinal study. SAMPLE A total of 1,195 members of the Framingham Study (mean baseline age 61±9 years) were included in the study. OUTCOME MEASURES We compared the prevalence and progression (new or worsening) of moderate-to-severe DHN and FJOA by age, sex, and spinal region. METHODS A musculoskeletal radiologist evaluated DHN and FJOA from T4/T5 to L4/L5 on baseline and follow-up CT images using a semi-quantitative scale: 0=normal, 1=mild, 2=moderate, and 3=severe. RESULTS One-third or more of women and men ages 40-59 years at baseline had imaged-based evidence of prevalent DHN, more than half had prevalent FJOA, and DHN and FJOA prevalence increased approximately two- to fourfold in those age 60-69 and 70-89 years at baseline, respectively (p<.01). Progression of DHN and FJOA occurred more frequently at the lumbar than at the thoracic spine and more in women than in men (DHN: odds ratio [OR]=1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.07, 1.88; FJOA: OR=1.70, CI=1.33, 2.17). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence and progression of moderate-to-severe DHN and FJOA are common in non-clinical populations of older adults. The high frequency of spinal degeneration observed on CTs in this community-based study may contribute to challenges in interpreting the clinical significance of imaging evidence of DHN and FJOA. Future studies investigating the association of CT-based spinal degenerative features with pain and functional impairments in population-based samples are needed to help determine the clinical significance of imaged-based findings of DHN and FJOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Jarraya
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 820 Harrison Ave, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Amanda L. Lorbergs
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Center Street, Boston, MA 02131, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elana Brochin
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Center Street, Boston, MA 02131, USA
| | - Douglas P. Kiel
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Center Street, Boston, MA 02131, USA,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, RN115, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - L. Adrienne Cupples
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Crosstown Building, 801 Massachusetts Avenue 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118 USA,Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Samelson
- Corresponding author. Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, 1200 Centre Street, Boston, MA 02131. Tel.: 617-971-5383; fax: 617-971-5339.
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Weinberg DS, Liu RW, Xie KK, Morris WZ, Gebhart JJ, Gordon ZL. Increased and decreased pelvic incidence, sagittal facet joint orientations are associated with lumbar spine osteoarthritis in a large cadaveric collection. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 41:1593-1600. [PMID: 28213647 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3426-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Degenerative joint disease of the lumbar spine is a pervasive problem in healthcare; however, its aetiology and risk factors remain poorly defined. There have been recent attempts to correlate the anatomic parameters of facet angle and pelvic incidence with spine osteoarthritis, although data remains limited. The purpose of this experiment was to determine how age, gender, race, facet angle, tropism, and pelvic incidence correlate to facet joint osteoarthritis in the lumbar spine. METHODS A total of 576 cadaveric lumbar spines were obtained. Using validated techniques, facet angle, tropism, and pelvic incidence were measured. Osteoarthritis of the lumbar spines was graded from 0-4 at each level. Correlations between osteoarthritis and age, gender, facet angle, tropism, and pelvic incidence were evaluated with regression analysis. RESULTS Facet angle became more coronally oriented, and facet tropism increased from L1-L2 to L5-S1. Arthritis was highest at the L4-L5 joint (2.2 ± 1.1), compared to the L5-S1 (2.1 ± 1.1), L3-L4 (1.9 ± 1.1), L2-L3 (1.5 ± 1.0) and L1-L2 (1.0 ± 1.0) joints (p < 0.001). Age was the strongest predictor of arthritis at all levels (standardized betas 0.342 through 0.494, p < 0.001). Correlations between gender, race and osteoarthritis were not significant at any level. A decreased facet angle was predictive of increased arthritis at each joint level (standardized betas -0.091 through -0.153, p < 0.05 for all). Tropism was a predictor of increased arthritis at caudal levels. Pelvic incidence was a predictor of increased arthritis at L3-L4 (standardized beta 0.080, p = 0.02), L4-L5 (standardized beta 0.081,p = 0.02), and L5-S1 (standardized beta 0.100, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Facet arthritis was correlated with a more sagittal orientation of the facet joints, increased tropism, and perturbations of pelvic incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Weinberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Raymond W Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Katherine K Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - William Z Morris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jeremy J Gebhart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Zachary L Gordon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, HH 5043, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
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