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Bing H, Qi C, Gu J, Zhao T, Yu X, Cai Y, Zhang Y, Li A, Wang X, Zhao J, Xiang W. Isolation and identification of NEAU-CP5: A seed-endophytic strain of B. velezensis that controls tomato bacterial wilt. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106707. [PMID: 38777241 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a critical soilborne disease that drastically reduces yield. In the current study, an endophytic strain NEAU-CP5 with strong antagonistic activity against R. solanacearum was isolated from tomato seeds and characterized. The strain was identified as Bacillus velezensis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequence analysis. NEAU-CP5 can secrete amylase, protease, and cellulase, and also produce known antibacterial metabolites, including cyclo (leucylprolyl), cyclo (phenylalanyl-prolyl), cyclo (Pro-Gly), 3-benzyl-2,5-piperazinedione, pentadecanoic acid, eicosane, 2-methyoic acid, isovaleric acid, dibuty phthalate, and esters of fatty acids (HFDU), which may be responsible for its strong antibacterial activity. Fourteen gene clusters associated with antibacterial properties were also identified in the whole genome sequence of NEAU-CP5. Pot experiment demonstrated that the application of 108 CFU/mL NEAU-CP5 on tomato plants significantly reduced the incidence of tomato bacterial wilt by 68.36 ± 1.67 %. NEAU-CP5 also increased the activity of defense-related enzymes (CAT, POD, PPO, SOD, and PAL) in tomato plants. This is the first report of an effective control of bacterial wilt on tomato plants by B. velezensis and highlights the potential of NEAU-CP5 as a potential biocontrol agent for the management of tomato bacterial wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Cuiping Qi
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Jinzhao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Tianxin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Yance Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Ailin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, PR China; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
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2
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Hamada MA, Soliman ERS. Characterization and genomics identification of key genes involved in denitrification-DNRA-nitrification pathway of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (Serratia marcescens OK482790). BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 37543572 PMCID: PMC10403818 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02941-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A wide variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, live in the rhizosphere zone of plants and have an impact on plant development both favorably and adversely. The beneficial outcome is due to the presence of rhizobacteria that promote plant growth (PGPR). RESULTS In this study, a bacterial strain was isolated from lupin rhizosphere and identified genetically as Serratia marcescens (OK482790). Several biochemically and genetically characteristics were confirmed in vitro and in vivo to determine the OK482790 strain ability to be PGPR. The in vitro results revealed production of different lytic enzymes (protease, lipase, cellulase, and catalase), antimicrobial compounds (hydrogen cyanide, and siderophores), ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate and its ability to reduce nitrate to nitrite. In silico and in vitro screening proposed possible denitrification-DNRA-nitrification pathway for OK482790 strain. The genome screening indicated the presence of nitrite and nitrate genes encoding Nar membrane bound sensor proteins (NarK, NarQ and NarX). Nitrate and nitrite reductase encoding genes (NarI, NarJ, NarH, NarG and NapC/NirT) and (NirB, NirC, and NirD) are also found in addition to nitroreductases (NTR) and several oxidoreductases. In vivo results on wheat seedlings confirmed that seedlings growth was significantly improved by soil inoculation of OK482790 strain. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for participation of S. marcescens OK482790 in nitrogen cycling via the denitrification-DNRA-nitrification pathway and for its ability to produce several enzymes and compounds that support the beneficial role of plant-microbe interactions to sustain plant growth and development for a safer environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Hamada
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Elham R S Soliman
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt.
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Production of a halotolerant endo-1,4-β-glucanase by a newly isolated Bacillus velezensis H1 on olive mill wastes without pretreatment: purification and characterization of the enzyme. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:681. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03300-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Enhancing the Activity of Carboxymethyl Cellulase Enzyme Using Highly Stable Selenium Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Bacillus paralicheniformis Y4. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144585. [PMID: 35889450 PMCID: PMC9324468 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The inorganic selenium is absorbed and utilized inefficiently, and the range between toxicity and demand is narrow, so the application is strictly limited. Selenium nanoparticles have higher bioactivity and biosafety properties, including increased antioxidant and anticancer properties. Thus, producing and applying eco-friendly, non-toxic selenium nanoparticles in feed additives is crucial. Bacillus paralicheniformis Y4 was investigated for its potential ability to produce selenium nanoparticles and the activity of carboxymethyl cellulases. The selenium nanoparticles were characterized using zeta potential analyses, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Additionally, evaluations of the anti-α-glucosidase activity and the antioxidant activity of the selenium nanoparticles and the ethyl acetate extracts of Y4 were conducted. B. paralicheniformis Y4 exhibited high selenite tolerance of 400 mM and the selenium nanoparticles had an average particle size of 80 nm with a zeta potential value of −35.8 mV at a pH of 7.0, suggesting that the particles are relatively stable against aggregation. After 72 h of incubation with 5 mM selenite, B. paralicheniformis Y4 was able to reduce it by 76.4%, yielding red spherical bio-derived selenium nanoparticles and increasing the carboxymethyl cellulase activity by 1.49 times to 8.96 U/mL. For the first time, this study reports that the carboxymethyl cellulase activity of Bacillus paralicheniforis was greatly enhanced by selenite. The results also indicated that B. paralicheniformis Y4 could be capable of ecologically removing selenite from contaminated sites and has great potential for producing selenium nanoparticles as feed additives to enhance the added value of agricultural products.
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Boro N, Narzary D. Amylolytic Fungi in the Ethnic Beer Starter “emao” and Their Beer-Producing Attributes. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.869430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring autochthonous microbes associated with ethnic beer starters are diverse and important as they play different functional roles in beer fermentations. The study on culturable microbes from the ethnic rice beer starter “emao” of the Bodo community of Assam is limited. Here we isolated and identified the culturable fungal diversity associated with emao and screened them for beer-producing capability from glucose and starch substrates. Based on morphology and molecular characterization, the species identified were Candida glabrata (Cgla_RF2), Cyberlindnera fabianii (Cfab_RF37), Hyphopichia burtonii (Hbur_RF19), Mucor circinelloides (Mcir_RF48), Mucor indicus (Mind_RF25), Penicillium citrinum (Pcit_RF32), Rhodosporidiobolus ruineniae (Rrui_RF4 & Rrui_RF43), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Scer_RF6), Saccharomycopsis fibuligera (Sfib_RF11), and Wickerhamomyces anomalus (Wano_RF3) among which the relative abundance (RA) of W. anomalus was the highest (24%) followed by C. glabrata and H. burtonii (16% in each). Five (Hbur_RF19, Sfib_RF11, Mind_RF25, Mcir_RF48, and Pcit_RF32) of eleven isolates showed amylase positive in the starch medium. Scer_RF6 showed the highest ethanol tolerance (14% v/v) followed by Hbur_RF19 (12% v/v), Cgla_RF2 (11% v/v) and Wano_RF3 (11% v/v). The amylase-positive strains produced beer-containing ethanol in the range of 3.17–7.3 (% v/v) from rice substrate. Although the rice beer produced by amylase-positive strains showed negligible pH difference, other parameters like ethanol, ascorbic acid, total phenol, and antioxidant properties were varied from beer to beer. Antibacterial activities shown by Mcir_RF48 and Pcit_RF32 against the test bacteria were higher with a 23–35 mm zone of inhibition than the other isolates. The present findings reveal the presence of fungi with antibacterial, amylolytic, ethanol fermenting, and antioxidant producing capacity in emao which could the source for future bioprospection.
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Wang CW, Yu YH, Wu CY, Feng RY, Tandon K, Chen YL, Tang SL. Detection of Pathogenic and Beneficial Microbes for Roselle Wilt Disease. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:756100. [PMID: 34790182 PMCID: PMC8591290 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.756100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilt disease of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is common in Taiwan; however, the causative agent remains unknown. The stems of wilted roselle are browned, slightly constricted, and covered by white aerial hyphae, suggesting that potential pathogens may originate from soil. To identify the potential pathogens, we conducted a rhizosphere microbiota survey in phenotypically healthy and diseased plants through fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and bacterial 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing for uncovering the microbial compositions in the roselle rhizosphere. The fungal family Nectriaceae exhibited significantly higher abundance in diseased rhizospheres than in healthy rhizospheres, and this bacterial community was more specific to geography (i.e., plot-dependent) than to rhizosphere disease status. However, a few bacterial groups such as Bacilli were associated with the healthy rhizosphere. Fusarium species were the most dominant species of Nectriaceae in the survey and became the main target for potential pathogen isolation. We successfully isolated 119 strains from diseased plants in roselle fields. Koch’s postulates were used to evaluate the pathogenicity of these strains; our results indicated that Fusarium solani K1 (FsK1) can cause wilting and a rotted pith in roselles, which was consistent with observations in the fields. This is the first demonstration that F. solani can cause roselle wilt in Taiwan. Furthermore, these newly isolated strains are the most dominant operational taxonomic units detected in ITS amplicon sequencing in diseased rhizospheres, which serves as further evidence that F. solani is the main pathogen causing the roselle wilt disease. Administration of Bacillus velezensis SOI-3374, a strain isolated from a healthy roselle rhizosphere, caused considerable anti-FsK1 activity, and it can serve as a potential biocontrol agent against roselle wilt disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wei Wang
- Taitung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taitung, Taiwan.,Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yao Wu
- Taitung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Ying Feng
- Master Program for Plant Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kshitij Tandon
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Master Program for Plant Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Lin Tang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Dar MA, Dhole NP, Xie R, Pawar KD, Ullah K, Rahi P, Pandit RS, Sun J. Valorization Potential of a Novel Bacterial Strain, Bacillus altitudinis RSP75, towards Lignocellulose Bioconversion: An Assessment of Symbiotic Bacteria from the Stored Grain Pest, Tribolium castaneum. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091952. [PMID: 34576846 PMCID: PMC8468446 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconversion of lignocellulose into renewable energy and commodity products faces a major obstacle of inefficient saccharification due to its recalcitrant structure. In nature, lignocellulose is efficiently degraded by some insects, including termites and beetles, potentially due to the contribution from symbiotic gut bacteria. To this end, the presented investigation reports the isolation and characterization of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut system of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Out of the 15 isolated bacteria, strain RSP75 showed the highest cellulolytic activities by forming a clearance zone of 28 mm in diameter with a hydrolytic capacity of ~4.7. The MALDI-TOF biotyping and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the strain RSP75 belongs to Bacillus altitudinis. Among the tested enzymes, B. altitudinis RSP75 showed maximum activity of 63.2 IU/mL extract for xylanase followed by β-glucosidase (47.1 ± 3 IU/mL extract) which were manifold higher than previously reported activities. The highest substrate degradation was achieved with wheat husk and corn cob powder which accounted for 69.2% and 54.5%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy showed adhesion of the bacterial cells with the substrate which was further substantiated by FTIR analysis that depicted the absence of the characteristic cellulose bands at wave numbers 1247, 1375, and 1735 cm-1 due to hydrolysis by the bacterium. Furthermore, B. altitudinis RSP75 showed co-culturing competence with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production from lignocellulose as revealed by GC-MS analysis. The overall observations signify the gut of T. castaneum as a unique and impressive reservoir to prospect for lignocellulose-degrading bacteria that can have many biotechnological applications, including biofuels and biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir A. Dar
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Neeraja P. Dhole
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
| | - Kiran D. Pawar
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur 416004, India;
| | - Kalim Ullah
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Praveen Rahi
- National Centre for Microbial Research, Trinity Complex, Pashan, Pune 411021, India;
| | - Radhakrishna S. Pandit
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
- Correspondence: (R.S.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.P.); (J.S.)
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K.T R, Sebastian D. Iturin and surfactin from the endophyte Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain RKEA3 exhibits antagonism against Staphylococcus aureus. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Paliwal D, Hamilton AJ, Barrett GA, Alberti F, van Emden H, Monteil CL, Mauchline TH, Nauen R, Wagstaff C, Bass C, Jackson RW. Identification of novel aphid-killing bacteria to protect plants. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 15:1203-1220. [PMID: 34333861 PMCID: PMC8966022 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphids, including the peach-potato aphid, Myzus persicae, are major insect pests of agriculture and horticulture, and aphid control measures are limited. There is therefore an urgent need to develop alternative and more sustainable means of control. Recent studies have shown that environmental microbes have varying abilities to kill insects. We screened a range of environmental bacteria isolates for their abilities to kill target aphid species. Tests demonstrated the killing aptitude of these bacteria against six aphid genera (including Myzus persicae). No single bacterial strain was identified that was consistently toxic to insecticide-resistant aphid clones than susceptible clones, suggesting resistance to chemicals is not strongly correlated with bacterial challenge. Pseudomonas fluorescens PpR24 proved the most toxic to almost all aphid clones whilst exhibiting the ability to survive for over three weeks on three plant species at populations of 5-6 log CFU cm-2 leaf. Application of PpR24 to plants immediately prior to introducing aphids onto the plants led to a 68%, 57% and 69% reduction in aphid populations, after 21 days, on Capsicum annuum, Arabidopsis thaliana and Beta vulgaris respectively. Together, these findings provide new insights into aphid susceptibility to bacterial infection with the aim of utilizing bacteria as effective biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Paliwal
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Amanda J Hamilton
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Glyn A Barrett
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Fabrizio Alberti
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK.,School of Life Sciences, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Helmut van Emden
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Caroline L Monteil
- Aix-Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Saint Paul lez Durance, 13108, France
| | | | - Ralf Nauen
- Crop Science Division, Bayer AG, Monheim, 40789, Germany
| | - Carol Wagstaff
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK
| | - Chris Bass
- University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Robert W Jackson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AH, UK.,School of Biosciences and Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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Evaluation of seed associated endophytic bacteria from tolerant chilli cv. Firingi Jolokia for their biocontrol potential against bacterial wilt disease. Microbiol Res 2021; 248:126751. [PMID: 33839507 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the seed endosphere of a bacterial wilt tolerant chilli cv. Firingi Jolokia was explored in order to find effective agents for bacterial wilt disease biocontrol. A total of 32 endophytic bacteria were isolated from freshly collected seeds and six isolates were selected based on R. solanacearum inhibition assay. These isolates were identified as Bacillus subtilis (KJ-2), Bacillus velezensis (KJ-4), Leuconostoc mesenteroides (KP-1), Lactococcus lactis (LB-3), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (WK-2), and Bacillus subtilis (WK-3) by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In the in planta R. solanacearum inhibition assay carried out by seedling root bacterization method, Bacillus subtilis (KJ-2) exhibited highest biocontrol efficacy of 86.6 % on 7th day post R. solanacearum inoculation and a minimum biocontrol efficacy of 52.9 % was noted for Leuconostoc mesenteroides (KP-1). GC-HRMS analysis detected several known antimicrobial compounds in the extract of the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis (KJ-2); which may contribute to inhibition of R. solanacearum. In the growth promotion assay conducted using these isolates, only two of them namely Bacillus subtilis (KJ-2) and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (WK-2) showed growth promotion in true leafed tomato plants. All the selected seed endophytic isolates were able to control bacterial wilt of tomato at the seedling stage and Bacillus subtilis (KJ-2) was found to be most effective in controlling the disease. The results of the present study highlighted that seed endosphere of bacterial wilt tolerant cultivar is a rich source of R. solanacearum antagonizing bacterial isolates.
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Song S, Zhu Y, Huang Z, Lin Y, Shi X, Guo H. Isolation, identification and thermal inactivation of dominant spoilage bacteria in egg curds. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Singh S, Kumar K, Nath P, Goyal A. Role of glycine 256 residue in improving the catalytic efficiency of mutant endoglucanase of family 5 glycoside hydrolase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2668-2682. [PMID: 32484905 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Wild-type, BaGH5-WT and mutant, BaGH5-UV2 (aspartate residue mutated to glycine), endoglucanases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 (GH5), from wild-type, and UV2 mutant strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35, respectively, were earlier cloned in pHTP0 cloning vector. In this study, genes encoding BaGH5-WT or BaGH5-UV2 were cloned into pET28a(+) expression-vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21(DE3)pLysS cells. BaGH5-UV2 showed 10-fold (43.6 U/mg) higher specific activity against carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt (CMC-Na), higher optimal temperature by 10°C at 65°C, and 22-fold higher catalytic efficiency against CMC-Na, than BaGH5-WT. BaGH5-UV2 showed stability in wider acidic pH range (5.0-7.0) unlike BaGH5-WT in narrow basic pH range (7.0-7.5). BaGH5-UV2 displayed a mutation, Asp256Gly in L11 loop, connecting β6 -sheet with α6 -helix, near active site toward the domain surface of (α/β)8 -TIM barrel fold. Molecular dynamics simulation studies showed more stable structure, accessibility of substrate for a catalytic site, and increased flexibility of loop L11 of BaGH5-UV2 than the wild type, suggesting enhanced catalysis by BaGH5-UV2. Molecular docking analysis displayed enhanced hydrogen bond interactions of cello-oligosaccharides with BaGH5-UV2, unlike BaGH5-WT. Thus, Gly256 residue of loop L11 plays an important role in enhancing catalytic efficiency, and pH stability of GH5 endoglucanase. Therefore, these results help in protein engineering of GH5 endoglucanase for improved biochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Singh
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Priyanka Nath
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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13
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Nedumaran M, Singh S, Jamaldheen SB, Nath P, Moholkar VS, Goyal A. Assessment of combination of pretreatment of Sorghum durra stalk and production of chimeric enzyme (β-glucosidase and endo β-1,4 glucanase, CtGH1-L1- CtGH5-F194A) and cellobiohydrolase ( CtCBH5A) for saccharification to produce bioethanol. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:883-896. [PMID: 32425106 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1762214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of pretreatment and saccharification of Sorghum durra stalk (Sds) was carried out. The chimeric enzyme (CtGH1-L1-CtGH5-F194A) having β-glucosidase (CtGH1) and endo β-1,4 glucanase activity (CtGH5-F194A) and cellobiohydrolase (CtCBH5A) from Clostridium thermocellum were used for saccharification. Chimeric enzyme will save production cost of two enzymes, individually. Stage 2 pretreatment by 1% (w/v) NaOH assisted autoclaving + 1.5% (v/v) dilute H2SO4 assisted oven heating gave lower total sugar yield (366.6 mg/g of pretreated Sds) and total glucose yield (195 mg/g of pretreated Sds) in pretreated hydrolysate with highest crystallinity index 55.6% than the other stage 2 pretreatments. Optimized parameters for saccharification of above stage 2 pretreated biomass were 3% (w/v) biomass concentration, enzyme (chimera: cellobiohydrolase) ratio, 2:3 (U/g) of biomass, total enzyme loading (350 U/g of pretreated biomass), 24 h and 30 °C. Best stage 2 pretreated Sds under optimized enzyme saccharification conditions gave maximum total reducing sugar yield 417 mg/g and glucose yield 285 mg/g pretreated biomass in hydrolysate. Best stage 2 pretreated Sds showed significantly higher cellulose, 71.3% and lower lignin, 2.0% and hemicellulose, 12.2% (w/w) content suggesting the effectiveness of method. This hydrolysate upon SHF using Saccharomyces cerevisiae under unoptimized conditions produced ethanol yield, 0.12 g/g of glucose. Abbreviation: Ct-Clostridium thermocellum, Sds-Sorghum durra stalk, TRS-Total reducing sugar, HPLC-High performance liquid chromatography, RI-Refractive index, ADL-acid insoluble lignin, GYE-Glucose yeast extract, MGYP-Malt glucose yeast extract peptone, SHF-separate hydrolysis and fermentation, OD-Optical density, PVDF-Poly vinylidene fluoride, TS-total sugar, FESEM-Field emission scanning electron microscopy, XRD-X-ray diffraction, FTIR-Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy and CrI-Crystallinity index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanapriya Nedumaran
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Sumitha Banu Jamaldheen
- DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Priyanka Nath
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Vijayanand Suryakant Moholkar
- Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- Carbohydrate Enzyme Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,DBT PAN-IIT Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.,Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India
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14
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Potential PGPR Properties of Cellulolytic, Nitrogen-Fixing, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria in Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Soil. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030442. [PMID: 32245141 PMCID: PMC7143980 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the midst of the major soil degradation and erosion faced by tropical ecosystems, rehabilitated forests are being established to avoid the further deterioration of forest lands. In this context, cellulolytic, nitrogen-fixing (N-fixing), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are very important functional groups in regulating the elemental cycle and plant nutrition, hence replenishing the nutrient content in forest soils. As is the case for other potential plant growth-promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria, these functional bacteria could have cross-functional abilities or beneficial traits that are essential for plants and can improve their growth. This study was conducted to isolate, identify, and characterize selected PGP properties of these three functional groups of bacteria from tropical rehabilitated forest soils at Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Malaysia. The bacteria were isolated based on their colonial growth on respective functional media, identified using both molecular and selected biochemical properties, and were assessed for their functional quantitative activities as well as PGP properties based on seed germination tests and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Out of the 15 identified bacterial isolates that exhibited beneficial phenotypic traits, a third belong to the genus Burkholderia and a fifth to Stenotrophomonas sp., with both genera consisting of members from two different functional groups. The results of the experiments confirm the multiple PGP traits of some selected bacterial isolates based on their respective high functional activities, root and shoot lengths, and seedling vigor improvements when bacterized on mung bean seeds, as well as significant IAA production. The results of this study suggest that these functional bacterial strains could potentially be included in bio-fertilizer formulations for crop growth on acid soils.
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15
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Tang A, Haruna AO, Majid NMA, Jalloh MB. Potential PGPR Properties of Cellulolytic, Nitrogen-Fixing, Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria in Rehabilitated Tropical Forest Soil. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030442. [PMID: 32245141 DOI: 10.1101/351916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the midst of the major soil degradation and erosion faced by tropical ecosystems, rehabilitated forests are being established to avoid the further deterioration of forest lands. In this context, cellulolytic, nitrogen-fixing (N-fixing), phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are very important functional groups in regulating the elemental cycle and plant nutrition, hence replenishing the nutrient content in forest soils. As is the case for other potential plant growth-promoting (PGP) rhizobacteria, these functional bacteria could have cross-functional abilities or beneficial traits that are essential for plants and can improve their growth. This study was conducted to isolate, identify, and characterize selected PGP properties of these three functional groups of bacteria from tropical rehabilitated forest soils at Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Sarawak Campus, Malaysia. The bacteria were isolated based on their colonial growth on respective functional media, identified using both molecular and selected biochemical properties, and were assessed for their functional quantitative activities as well as PGP properties based on seed germination tests and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Out of the 15 identified bacterial isolates that exhibited beneficial phenotypic traits, a third belong to the genus Burkholderia and a fifth to Stenotrophomonas sp., with both genera consisting of members from two different functional groups. The results of the experiments confirm the multiple PGP traits of some selected bacterial isolates based on their respective high functional activities, root and shoot lengths, and seedling vigor improvements when bacterized on mung bean seeds, as well as significant IAA production. The results of this study suggest that these functional bacterial strains could potentially be included in bio-fertilizer formulations for crop growth on acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Tang
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Osumanu Haruna
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nik Muhamad Ab Majid
- Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh
- Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan Branch, Locked Bag No. 3, Sandakan 90509, Sabah, Malaysia
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16
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Dong Y, Li H, Rong S, Xu H, Guan Y, Zhao L, Chen W, He X, Gao X, Chen R, Li L, Xu Z. Isolation and evaluation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Rdx5 as a potential biocontrol agent against Magnaporthe oryzae. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1578692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Dong
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Songhao Rong
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ying Guan
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wenqian Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiang He
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Lihua Li
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhengjun Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, PR China
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17
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Thakur V, Kumar V, Kumar S, Singh D. Diverse culturable bacterial communities with cellulolytic potential revealed from pristine habitat in Indian trans-Himalaya. Can J Microbiol 2018; 64:798-808. [DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2017-0754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Pangi–Chamba Himalaya (PCH) region is very pristine, unique, and virgin niche for bioresource exploration. In the current study, for the first time, the bacterial diversity of this region was investigated for potential cellulose degraders. A total of 454 pure bacterial isolates were obtained from diverse sites in the PCH region, and 111 isolates were further selected for 16S rDNA characterization based on ARDRA grouping. The identified bacteria belonged to 28 genera representing four phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. Pseudomonas was most abundant genus, followed by Bacillus, Geobacillus, Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, and Flavobacterium. In addition, six putative novel bacteria (based on 16S rDNA sequence similarity) and thermophiles from non-thermogenic sites were also reported for the first time. Screening for cellulose degradation ability on carboxymethyl cellulose plates revealed that 70.92% of bacteria were cellulolytic. The current study reports diverse bacterial genera (Arthrobacter, Paenibacillus, Chryseobacterium, Pedobacter, Streptomyces, Agromyces, Flavobacterium, and Pseudomonas) with high capacity for cellulose hydrolysis and cellulolytic functionality at wide pH and temperature not previously reported in the literature. Diverse bacterial genera with high cellulolytic activity in broad pH and temperature range provide opportunity to develop a bioprocess for efficient pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass, which is currently being investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Thakur
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR – Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur-176 061, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR – Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR – Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur-176 061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR – Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur-176 061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dharam Singh
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR – Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur-176 061, Himachal Pradesh, India
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18
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Liu B, Wang W, Zhu X, Sun X, Xiao J, Li D, Cui Y, Wang C, Shi Y. Response of Gut Microbiota to Dietary Fiber and Metabolic Interaction With SCFAs in Piglets. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2344. [PMID: 30323803 PMCID: PMC6172335 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber (DF) is increasingly thought to regulate diversity of piglet gut microbiota to alleviate weaning stress in piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of DF on growth performance of piglets and composition of their gut microbiota, as well as the interaction between gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in piglets. A total of 840 piglets were allocated to three dietary treatments consisting of a control group (CG), an alfalfa meal group (AG), and a commodity concentrated fiber group (OG) in a 30-day feeding trial. Gut mucosa and feces samples were used to determine bacterial community diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Fiber treatment had a positive effect on growth performance and metabolism of SCFAs in piglets, in particular, compared with CG, the diarrhea rate was significantly decreased, and the content of propionic acid (PA) in the cecum was markedly increased in AG. The Shannon indices of the jejunum microbiota in AG were higher than CG. At the genus level, compared to CG, in the duodenum, the relative abundance of Paenibacillus in AG and OG was higher; in the jejunum, the relative abundances of Bacillus, Oceanobacillus, Paenibacillus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, and Exiguobacterium were higher, whereas the relative abundance of Mycoplasma was lower in AG; in the cecum, there was also lower relative abundance of Helicobacter in AG and OG, and furthermore, the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium in OG was higher than in CG and AG. Spearman correlation analysis showed that Pseudobutyrivibrio was positively correlated with acetic acid, PA, and butyric acid (BA), while Bacteroides and Anaerotruncus were negatively correlated with PA and BA. In addition, microbiota analyses among different intestine segments showed distinct differences in microbiota between the proximal and distal intestines. Bacteria in the proximal segments were mainly Firmicutes, while bacteria in the distal segments were mainly Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. Overall, these findings suggested that DF treatment could reduce the diarrhea rate of piglets and had beneficial effects on gut health, which might be attributed to the alteration in gut microbiota induced by DF and the interaction of the gut microbiota with SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshuai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junnan Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Defeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yalei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengzhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China
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19
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Arora D, Chashoo G, Singamaneni V, Sharma N, Gupta P, Jaglan S. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens induces production of a novel blennolide K in coculture of Setophoma terrestris. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 124:730-739. [PMID: 29288594 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The discovery of known bioactive chemical leads from microbial monocultures hinders the efficiency of drug discovery programmes. Therefore, in recent years, the use of fungal-bacterial coculture experiments has gained considerable attention due to their ability to generate new bioactive leads. In this work, fungal strain Setophoma terrestris was cocultured with Bacillus amyloliquifaciens to discover novel bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The bioactive methanolic coculture extract was chosen for the isolation of compounds by chromatographic methods. The isolated compounds were characterized by NMR and mass spectrometric techniques. CONCLUSION Coculture extract has resulted in the production of five blennolides. The novel compound, blennolide K was found active against PC-3 (prostate) and MCF-7 (breast) cell lines with an IC50 value of 3·7 ± 0·6 and 4·8 ± 0·4 μmol l-1 respectively. Furthermore, the nuclear morphology study in PC-3 cells after treatment with blennolide K, demonstrated chromatin condensation, formation of apoptotic bodies and shrinkage of cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY To our knowledge, only few studies have reported the induction of bioactive compounds by coculture having long-distance inhibition morphology. This is principally due to the low occurrences of such morphology. Our study demonstrates the impact of coculture on production of new chemical leads in drug discovery programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arora
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Jammu, India
| | - G Chashoo
- Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - V Singamaneni
- Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - N Sharma
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Jammu, India
| | - P Gupta
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Jammu, India.,Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - S Jaglan
- Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Jammu, India
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20
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Lin C, Tsai CH, Chen PY, Wu CY, Chang YL, Yang YL, Chen YL. Biological control of potato common scab by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ba01. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196520. [PMID: 29698535 PMCID: PMC5919641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Potato common scab, which is caused by soil-borne Streptomyces species, is a severe plant disease that results in a significant reduction in the economic value of potatoes worldwide. Due to the lack of efficacious pesticides, crop rotations, and resistant potato cultivars against the disease, we investigated whether biological control can serve as an alternative approach. In this study, multiple Bacillus species were isolated from healthy potato tubers, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Ba01 was chosen for further analyses based on its potency against the potato common scab pathogen Streptomyces scabies. Ba01 inhibited the growth and sporulation of S. scabies and secreted secondary metabolites such as surfactin, iturin A, and fengycin with potential activity against S. scabies as determined by imaging mass spectrometry. In pot assays, the disease severity of potato common scab decreased from 55.6 ± 11.1% (inoculated with S. scabies only) to 4.2 ± 1.4% (inoculated with S. scabies and Ba01). In the field trial, the disease severity of potato common scab was reduced from 14.4 ± 2.9% (naturally occurring) to 5.6 ± 1.1% after Ba01 treatment, representing evidence that Bacillus species control potato common scab in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Lin
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Tsai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Yu Chen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lin Chang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Lien Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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21
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Pitzschke A. Molecular dynamics in germinating, endophyte-colonized quinoa seeds. PLANT AND SOIL 2018; 422:135-154. [PMID: 29416180 PMCID: PMC5798591 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-017-3184-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The pseudo-cereal quinoa has an outstanding nutritional value. Seed germination is unusually fast, and plant tolerance to salt stress exceptionally high. Seemingly all seeds harbor bacterial endophytes. This work examines mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activities during early development. It evaluates possible contribution of endophytes to rapid germination and plant robustness. METHODS MAPK activities were monitored in water- and NaCl-imbibed seeds over a 4-h-period using an immunoblot-based approach. Cellulolytic and pectinolytic abilities of bacteria were assessed biochemically, and cellular movement, biofilm, elicitor and antimicrobial compound synthesis genes sequenced. GyrA-based, cultivation-independent studies provided first insight into endophyte diversity. RESULTS Quinoa seeds and seedlings exhibit remarkably complex and dynamic MAPK activity profiles. Depending on seed origin, variances exist in MAPK patterns and probably also in endophyte assemblages. Mucilage-degrading activities enable endophytes to colonize seed surfaces of a non-host species, chia, without apparent adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Owing to their motility, cell wall-loosening and elicitor-generating abilities, quinoa endophytes have the potential to drive cell expansion, move across cell walls, generate damage-associated molecular patterns and activate MAPKs in their host. Bacteria may thus facilitate rapid germination and confer a primed state directly upon seed rehydration. Transfer into non-native crops appears both desirable and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pitzschke
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Strasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
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22
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Sari WN, Safika, Darmawi, Fahrimal Y. Isolation and identification of a cellulolytic Enterobacter from rumen of Aceh cattle. Vet World 2017; 10:1515-1520. [PMID: 29391695 PMCID: PMC5771179 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1515-1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to isolate and identify a cellulolytic bacterium from the rumen fluid of Aceh’s cattle. Biodegradation by cellulolytic rumen bacteria can be used as a source of cellulolytic bacteria that act to degrade feed fibrous material so as to improve the quality of nutrients and digestibility of feed ingredients at a cheaper price than the use of commercial cellulase enzymes. Materials and Methods: Samples were collected from rumen fluid of Aceh’s cattle in Abattoirs (RPH) of Banda Aceh city, Indonesia, isolation, and screening of cellulolytic bacteria were done in Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Results: The S1 isolates showed ±2.5 cm of clear zone diameter. Microscopically, this strain was found to be a Gram-negative, Bacillus. Homology and phylogenetic tree analysis of 16S rRNA showed that S1 isolate has 91% of sequence similarity with that of Enterobacter cloacae. 91% sequence homology shown in this study proved that the S1 isolate is probably either a new species or another genus of Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusion: Current study suggests that cellulose hydrolytic bacteria isolated from rumen fluid of Aceh cattle on Bushnell Haas medium-carboxymethylcellulose agar, and some potent cellulose degrading bacteria have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenny Novita Sari
- Postgraduate student of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Safika
- Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Jalan Agatis IPB, Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Darmawi
- Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
| | - Yudha Fahrimal
- Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
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23
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Ezeilo UR, Zakaria II, Huyop F, Wahab RA. Enzymatic breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass: the role of glycosyl hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1330124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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24
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Mazinani Z, Zamani M, Sardari S. Isolation and Identification of Phyllospheric Bacteria Possessing Antimicrobial Activity from Astragalus obtusifolius, Prosopis juliflora, Xanthium strumarium and Hippocrepis unisiliqousa. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2017; 9:31-37. [PMID: 28090278 PMCID: PMC5219820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread utilization of antimicrobial compounds has caused emergence of resistant microorganisms in the world. Hence, the research to probe the products with antimicrobial features has led to finding natural habitats and discovering new pharmaceutical products. METHODS In this study, an attempt was made to explore the niche of novel habitat to isolate pyllospheric bacteria from the above ground parts (stems and leaves) of Astragalus obtusifolius, Prosopis juliflora, Xanthium strumarium, and Hippocrepis unisiliqousa to evaluate their antimicrobial features. The inhibitory effects of these strains on the growth of two fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus), two yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida albicans) and six bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus pyogenes) were tested. RESULTS In total, 113 bacterial strains were isolated. Twenty five bacterial strains (B-1 to B-25) indicated promising antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) activities against aforementioned pathogens. The identification of the bacterial strains was ascertained by morphological, physiological, biochemical tests and two strains with the strongest antimicrobial activities were further characterized based on 16s rRNA sequencing. These two strains were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. CONCLUSION Our results provide evidence that phyllospheric microorganisms are capable of producing some compounds with antimicrobial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Soroush Sardari
- Corresponding author: Soroush Sardari, Ph.D., Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98 21 66953311, E-mail:
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Goswami R, Mukherjee S, Chakraborty AK, Balachandran S, Sinha Babu SP, Chaudhury S. Optimization of growth determinants of a potent cellulolytic bacterium isolated from lignocellulosic biomass for enhancing biogas production. CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY 2016; 18:1565-1583. [DOI: 10.1007/s10098-016-1141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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Premalatha N, Gopal NO, Jose PA, Anandham R, Kwon SW. Optimization of cellulase production by Enhydrobacter sp. ACCA2 and its application in biomass saccharification. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1046. [PMID: 26500615 PMCID: PMC4597110 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulase finds use in saccharification of lignocellulosic agroresidues to fermentable sugars which can be used for production of commercially important metabolites. This study reports endoglucanase (CMCase) production by Enhydrobacter sp. ACCA2. The CMCase activity of the strain ACCA2 was successively improved by optimization of range of physical and nutritional parameter in a set of non-statistical and statistical experiments. Initial non-statistical selection of carbon source, incubation time, temperature and pH resulted in 1.07 fold increase of CMCase activity. In a subsequent statistical method, response surface methodology, optimization of medium components such as carboxymethylcellulose, peptone, NaCl, MgSO4, K2HPO4, and (NH4)2SO4 yielded further increase up to 2.39 fold CMCase activity. The cellulolytic potential was evaluated in biomass saccharification with different plant materials and the results revealed that the enzyme produced by strain may have significant commercial values for industrial saccharification process. Moreover, this is the first report of cellulase production by an Enhydrobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaiah Premalatha
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai, India
| | - Nellaiappan O Gopal
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai, India
| | - Polpass Arul Jose
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai, India
| | - Rangasamy Anandham
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Madurai, India
| | - Soon-Wo Kwon
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration Jeonju, South Korea
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Singh S, Agarwal M, Bhatt A, Goyal A, Moholkar VS. Ultrasound enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis of Parthenium hysterophorus: A mechanistic investigation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 192:636-645. [PMID: 26094188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study has attempted to establish the mechanism of the ultrasound-induced enhancement of enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated and delignified biomass of Parthenium hysterophorus. A dual approach of statistical optimization of hydrolysis followed by application of sonication at optimum conditions has been adopted. The kinetics of hydrolysis shows a marked 6× increase with sonication, while net sugar yield shows marginal rise of ∼ 20%. The statistical experimental design reveals the hydrolysis process to be enzyme limited. Profile of sugar yield in ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis has been analyzed using HCH-1 model coupled with Genetic Algorithm optimization. The trends in the kinetic and physiological parameters of HCH-1 model reveal that sonication enhances enzyme/substrate affinity and reaction velocity of hydrolysis. The product inhibition of enzyme in all forms (free, adsorbed, complexed) also reduces with ultrasound. These effects are attributed to intense micro-convection induced by ultrasound and cavitation in the liquid medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Singh
- Center for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mayank Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Aditya Bhatt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- Center for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Vijayanand S Moholkar
- Center for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
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Singh S, Agarwal M, Sarma S, Goyal A, Moholkar VS. Mechanistic insight into ultrasound induced enhancement of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of Parthenium hysterophorus for ethanol production. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 26:249-256. [PMID: 25813894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents investigations into mechanism of ultrasound assisted bioethanol synthesis using Parthenium hysterophorus biomass through simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) mode. Approach of coupling experimental results to mathematical model for SSF using Genetic Algorithm based optimization has been adopted. Comparison of model parameters for experiments with mechanical shaking and sonication (10% duty cycle) give an interesting mechanistic account of influence of ultrasound on SSF system. A 4-fold rise in ethanol and cell mass productivity is seen with ultrasound. The analysis reveals following facets of influence of ultrasound on SSF: increase in Monod constant for glucose for cell growth, maximal specific growth rate and inhibition constant of cell growth by glucose and reduction in specific cell death rate. Values of inhibition constant of cell growth by ethanol (K3E), and constants for growth associated (a) and non-growth associated (b) ethanol production remained unaltered with sonication. Beneficial effects of ultrasound are attributed to enhanced cellulose hydrolysis, enhanced trans-membrane transport of substrate and products as well as dilution of the toxic substances due to micro-convection induced by ultrasound. Intrinsic physiological functioning of cells remained unaffected by ultrasound as indicated by unaltered values of K3E, a and b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Singh
- Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Mayank Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Shyamali Sarma
- Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
| | - Vijayanand S Moholkar
- Centre for Energy, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India.
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Isolation and identification of a cellulolytic bacterium from the Tibetan pig's intestine and investigation of its cellulase production. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Singh S, Bharadwaja STP, Yadav PK, Moholkar VS, Goyal A. Mechanistic Investigation in Ultrasound-Assisted (Alkaline) Delignification of Parthenium hysterophorus Biomass. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie502339q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pawan Kumar Yadav
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli − 620015, Tamil Nadu, India
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Singh S, Moholkar VS, Goyal A. Optimization of carboxymethylcellulase production from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35. 3 Biotech 2014; 4:411-424. [PMID: 28324477 PMCID: PMC4145630 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-013-0169-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we have attempted optimization of production of enzyme carboxymethylcellulase or endoglucanase from the bacterium Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35. Optimization has been carried out in two stages using statistical experimental design, viz. medium optimization and optimization of fermentation parameters. For medium optimization, Plackett–Burman design followed by central composite design (CCD) was used, while for optimization of fermentation parameters one-variable-at-a-time method followed by CCD was used. Carbon and nitrogen sources in the medium have been revealed to be the significant factors for enzyme production (carboxymethylcellulose 18.05 g/L; yeast extract 8 g/L and peptone 2 g/L). The inorganic salts have been found to be insignificant components of medium. Optimum fermentation parameters for optimized medium were: initial medium pH 5.65, incubation temperature = 40 °C, shaking speed = 120 rpm, and inoculum size = 6.96 %, v/v. Interestingly, the influence of all four parameters was almost independent with no interlinks. Secondly, the overall effect of all parameters was also low, as indicated by linear, square and interaction regression coefficients that were at least one order of magnitude lower than the intercept in the model equation. These results essentially meant that medium components dominate overall enzyme production process in comparison to fermentation parameters.
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Preliminary Gene Characterization of α-Amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002. BORNEO JOURNAL OF RESOURCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1970. [DOI: 10.33736/bjrst.248.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterization of α-amylase gene sequence produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002, acellulolytic and amylolytic bacilli isolated from sago pith waste is described here. The amyE gene encoding theα-amylase was isolated by polymerase chain reaction. The 1,980 bp of amyE gene corresponding to 660 aminoacids showed 99% homology to the α-amylase sequence from Bacillus subtilis X-23 (GenBank: BAA31528).The α-amylase sequence of B. amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002 (GenBank: KC800929) differs from that of B.subtilis X-23 by 5 amino acids. In silico analysis of α-amylase from B. amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002 showedsimilar characteristics compared to α-amylase from B. subtilis X-23.
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