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Majidi Ghatar J, Ehterami A, Nazarnezhad S, Hassani MS, Rezaei Kolarijani N, Mahami S, Salehi M. A novel hydrogel containing 4-methylcatechol for skin regeneration: in vitro and in vivo study. Biomed Eng Lett 2023; 13:429-439. [PMID: 37519882 PMCID: PMC10382453 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-023-00273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin damages are usual physical injuries and different studies have been done to improve wound healing. Hydrogel due to its properties like a moist environment and cooling wound site is a good option for wound treatment. In this study, we evaluated the consequence of using alginate/chitosan hydrogel contained various dosages of 4-Methylcatechol (0, 0.1, 1% (W/W)) on wound healing. After hydrogel fabrication, different tests like SEM, swelling, release, weight loss, and hemo- and cytocompatibility were done to characterize fabricated hydrogels. Finally, the rat model was used to assess Alginate/Chitosan hydrogel's therapeutic function containing 0.1 and 1% of 4-Methylcatechol. The pore size of hydrogel was between 24.5 ± 9 and 62.1 ± 11.63 µm and about 90% of hydrogel was lost after 14 days in the weight loss test. Blood compatibility and MTT assay showed that hydrogels were nontoxic and improved cell proliferation. In vivo test showed that Alginate/Chitosan/0.1%4-Methylcatechol improved wound healing and the results were significantly better than the gauze-treated wound. Our results showed dose depending effect of 4-Methylcatechol on wound healing. This study shows the treatment effect of 4-Methylcatechol on wound healing and the possibility of using it for treating skin injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilla Majidi Ghatar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Arian Ehterami
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine (IREM), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simin Nazarnezhad
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Hassani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Nariman Rezaei Kolarijani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Solmaz Mahami
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Health Technology Incubator Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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2
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Maita KC, Avila FR, Torres-Guzman RA, Garcia JP, Eldaly AS, Palmieri L, Emam OS, Ho O, Forte AJ. Local anti-inflammatory effect and immunomodulatory activity of chitosan-based dressing in skin wound healing: A systematic review. J Clin Transl Res 2022; 8:488-498. [PMID: 36451998 PMCID: PMC9706318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Wound healing is a complex process comprised of several distinct phases. An imbalance in any of the stages creates a chronic wound with the potential to cause life-threatening complications for patients. Chitosan (CS) is a biopolymer that has shown to positively impact the different healing phases. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of CS-based wound therapy for the skin healing process after an injury. METHODS A systematic review was conducted in November 2021 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. The PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Cochrane online databases were queried to capture all publications in the past 10 years that investigated the CS effects on inflammation and immune reaction. RESULTS A total of 234 studies were screened after removing duplicates and 14 articles fulfilled our inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the studies, CS was combined with a wide range of products. One clinical trial was found that treated patients with diabetic foot ulcers. All animal models in the studies used a full-thickness skin wound to test the effectiveness of CS in the healing process. Decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, a shortened inflammatory phase and accelerated wound closure was observed in all of the studies. CONCLUSIONS CS proved to be a feasible, versatile, and multifaceted biomaterial that enhances the biological response to a skin injury. When combined with other products, its potential to boost the healing process through regulation of the inflammatory and cellular activity is increased. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS Although few clinical trials have been completed, CS has become an excellent alternative to modulate the local inflammatory response promoting wound healing. Especially in patients with associated comorbidities that affect the typical resolution of skin healing, such as diabetes and vascular insufficiency. Therefore, using bioactive wound dressings based on CS combined with nanoparticles, growth factors, lived cells, or medications released in a controlled manner positively impacts patient life by shorting the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla C. Maita
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - John P. Garcia
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Luiza Palmieri
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Omar S. Emam
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Olivia Ho
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Antonio J. Forte
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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An Investigation of the Sol-Gel Transition of Chitosan Lactate and Chitosan Chloride Solutions via Rheological and NMR Studies. Gels 2022; 8:gels8100670. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, intensive research has been carried out on the use of hydrogels obtained from natural polymers, mainly chitosan. These products are increasingly replacing solutions based on synthetic materials in medicine. This publication presents the results of studies on the sol-gel transition of chitosan solutions as the base material for the preparation of thermosensitive hydrogels for potential applications in tissue engineering. The measurements were carried out for systems consisting of chitosan lactate and chitosan chloride solutions using β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt pentahydrate and uridine 5′-monophosphate disodium salt as the cross-linking agents. The sol-gel transition point of the solutions was determined based on the rheological measurements in the cone-plate configuration of the rotational rheometer and experiments performed using the method of nuclear magnetic resonance. The obtained results showed a significant influence of the cross-linking agent on the course of the sol-gel transition of chitosan salt solutions, and the systems that consisted of chitosan lactate seemed to be especially interesting for biomedical applications.
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Selenium-Stimulated Exosomes Enhance Wound Healing by Modulating Inflammation and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911543. [PMID: 36232844 PMCID: PMC9570007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have emerged as an attractive cell-free tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The current study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound-repair effects of both exosomes and selenium-stimulated exosomes, and check whether the latter had superior wound healing capacity over others. The cellular and molecular network of exosomes, as a paracrine signal, was extensively studied by performing miRNA arrays to explore the key mediators of exosomes in wound healing. Selenium is known to play a critical role in enhancing the proliferation, multi-potency, and anti-inflammatory effects of MSCs. Selenium-stimulated exosomes showed significant effects in inhibiting inflammation and improving pro-angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cell growth and the migration of human dermal fibroblasts and wound regeneration were more enhanced in the selenium-stimulated exosome group than in the selenium and exosome groups, thereby further promoting the wound healing in vivo. Taken together, selenium was found to augment the therapeutic effects of adipose MSC-derived exosomes in tissue regeneration. We concluded that selenium may be considered a vital agent for wound healing in stem cell-based cell-free therapies.
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Khan HM, Liao X, Sheikh BA, Wang Y, Su Z, Guo C, Li Z, Zhou C, Cen Y, Kong Q. Smart biomaterials and their potential applications in tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:6859-6895. [PMID: 36069198 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01106a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Smart biomaterials have been rapidly advancing ever since the concept of tissue engineering was proposed. Interacting with human cells, smart biomaterials can play a key role in novel tissue morphogenesis. Various aspects of biomaterials utilized in or being sought for the goal of encouraging bone regeneration, skin graft engineering, and nerve conduits are discussed in this review. Beginning with bone, this study summarizes all the available bioceramics and materials along with their properties used singly or in conjunction with each other to create scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. A quick overview of the skin-based nanocomposite biomaterials possessing antibacterial properties for wound healing is outlined along with skin regeneration therapies using infrared radiation, electrospinning, and piezoelectricity, which aid in wound healing. Furthermore, a brief overview of bioengineered artificial skin grafts made of various natural and synthetic polymers has been presented. Finally, by examining the interactions between natural and synthetic-based biomaterials and the biological environment, their strengths and drawbacks for constructing peripheral nerve conduits are highlighted. The description of the preclinical outcome of nerve regeneration in injury healed with various natural-based conduits receives special attention. The organic and synthetic worlds collide at the interface of nanomaterials and biological systems, producing a new scientific field including nanomaterial design for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haider Mohammed Khan
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Liao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Bilal Ahmed Sheikh
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yixi Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhixuan Su
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Chuan Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zhengyong Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Changchun Zhou
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.,National Engineering Research Centre for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China School of Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
| | - Qingquan Kong
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Song L, Luo X, Tsauo C, Shi B, Liu R, Li C. Histologic characterization of orbicularis oris muscle with a new acellular dermal matrix grafts in a rabbit model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:707-717. [PMID: 35524474 DOI: 10.1002/term.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Muscular dysplasia is the key factor in influencing surgical outcomes in patients with cleft lip/palate. In this research, we attempted to evaluate a new acellular dermal matrix (ADM) as a substitute for reconstruction of the orbicularis oris muscle with growth factors such as Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a rabbit model. 30 male New Zealand Rabbits (2-3 m, 1700-2000 g) were divided into four groups as follows; a group in which the orbicularis oris muscle of the upper lip was implanted with ADM, a group in which the orbicularis oris muscle of the upper lip was implanted with ADM + IGF-I + VEGF, a group in which the upper lip was operated without implantation of an ADM scaffold, and a normal upper lip for comparison. Macroscopic observation, histological evaluation, and immunohistochemistry were employed to evaluate levels of the muscle regeneration, vascularization, and inflammation at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 12 weeks after the operation. All wounds healed well without infection, immune rejection and so on. Histological evaluation showed that ADM was totally degraded and replaced by connective tissue. The area in which the ADM scaffold was coated with growth factors show a significant increase in the formation of new myofibers after injury, and the vascularization improved compared to the control group and the normal group. In regard to the degrees of inflammation, there were no notable differences among the groups. In conclusion, Our study indicated that ADM grafts combined with IGF-I and VEGF have potential advantages in alleviating muscular dysplasia in cleft lip treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chialing Tsauo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renkai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Kim KH, Blasco-Morente G, Arias-Santiago S. Cellular human tissue-engineered skin substitutes investigated for deep and difficult to heal injuries. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:35. [PMID: 34140525 PMCID: PMC8211795 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is an important function of skin; however, after significant skin injury (burns) or in certain dermatological pathologies (chronic wounds), this important process can be deregulated or lost, resulting in severe complications. To avoid these, studies have focused on developing tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs), which attempt to replace and regenerate the damaged skin. Autologous cultured epithelial substitutes (CESs) constituted of keratinocytes, allogeneic cultured dermal substitutes (CDSs) composed of biomaterials and fibroblasts and autologous composite skin substitutes (CSSs) comprised of biomaterials, keratinocytes and fibroblasts, have been the most studied clinical TESSs, reporting positive results for different pathological conditions. However, researchers' purpose is to develop TESSs that resemble in a better way the human skin and its wound healing process. For this reason, they have also evaluated at preclinical level the incorporation of other human cell types such as melanocytes, Merkel and Langerhans cells, skin stem cells (SSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Among these, MSCs have been also reported in clinical studies with hopeful results. Future perspectives in the field of human-TESSs are focused on improving in vivo animal models, incorporating immune cells, designing specific niches inside the biomaterials to increase stem cell potential and developing three-dimensional bioprinting strategies, with the final purpose of increasing patient's health care. In this review we summarize the use of different human cell populations for preclinical and clinical TESSs under research, remarking their strengths and limitations and discuss the future perspectives, which could be useful for wound healing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.
| | - Kevin H Kim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Blasco-Morente
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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8
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Moon YJ, Yoon SJ, Koo JH, Yoon Y, Byun HJ, Kim HS, Khang G, Chun HJ, Yang DH. β-Cyclodextrin/Triclosan Complex-Grafted Methacrylated Glycol Chitosan Hydorgel by Photocrosslinking via Visible Light Irradiation for a Tissue Bio-Adhesive. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E700. [PMID: 33445775 PMCID: PMC7828271 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Accelerating wound healing with minimized bacterial infection has become a topic of interest in the development of the new generation of tissue bio-adhesives. In this study, we fabricated a hydrogel system (MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS) consisting of triclosan (TCS)-complexed beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-conjugated methacrylated glycol chitosan (MGC) as an antibacterial tissue adhesive. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed the inclusion complex formation between MGC-g-CD and TCS. The increase of storage modulus (G') of MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS after visible light irradiation for 200 s indicated its hydrogelation. The swollen hydrogel in aqueous solution resulted in two release behaviors of an initial burst and sustained release. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo results indicated that MGC-g-CD-ic-TCS inhibited bacterial infection and improved wound healing, suggesting its high potential application as an antibacterial tissue bio-adhesive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jae Moon
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology & Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (Y.J.M.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Sun-Jung Yoon
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Jeung-Hyun Koo
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology & Orthopaedic Surgery, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54896, Korea; (Y.J.M.); (J.-H.K.)
| | - Yihyun Yoon
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (Y.Y.); (H.J.B.); (H.S.K.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Hye Jun Byun
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (Y.Y.); (H.J.B.); (H.S.K.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (Y.Y.); (H.J.B.); (H.S.K.); (H.J.C.)
| | - Gilson Khang
- Department of BIN Convergence Technology & Polymer Nano Science & Technology and Polymer BIN Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea;
| | - Heung Jae Chun
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (Y.Y.); (H.J.B.); (H.S.K.); (H.J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Dae Hyeok Yang
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Engineering, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea; (Y.Y.); (H.J.B.); (H.S.K.); (H.J.C.)
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9
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Ghosh B, Mandal M, Mitra P, Chatterjee J. Structural mechanics modeling reveals stress-adaptive features of cutaneous scars. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 20:371-377. [PMID: 32920729 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The scar is a predominant outcome of adult mammalian wound healing despite being associated with partial function loss. Here in this paper, we have described the structure of a full-thickness normal scar as a "di-fork" with dual biomechanical compartments using in vivo and ex vivo experiments. We used structural mechanics simulations to model the deformation fields computationally and stress distribution in the scar in response to external forces. Despite its loss of tissue components, we have found that the scar has stress-adaptive features that cushion the underlying tissues from external mechanical impacts. Thus, this new finding can motivate research to understand the biomechanical advantages of a scar in maintaining the primary function of the skin, i.e., mechanical barrier despite permanent loss of some tissues and specialized functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajoy Ghosh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India.
| | - Mousumi Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Pabitra Mitra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
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10
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Przekora A. A Concise Review on Tissue Engineered Artificial Skin Grafts for Chronic Wound Treatment: Can We Reconstruct Functional Skin Tissue In Vitro? Cells 2020; 9:cells9071622. [PMID: 32640572 PMCID: PMC7407512 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds occur as a consequence of a prolonged inflammatory phase during the healing process, which precludes skin regeneration. Typical treatment for chronic wounds includes application of autografts, allografts collected from cadaver, and topical delivery of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial agents. Nevertheless, the mentioned therapies are not sufficient for extensive or deep wounds. Moreover, application of allogeneic skin grafts carries high risk of rejection and treatment failure. Advanced therapies for chronic wounds involve application of bioengineered artificial skin substitutes to overcome graft rejection as well as topical delivery of mesenchymal stem cells to reduce inflammation and accelerate the healing process. This review focuses on the concept of skin tissue engineering, which is a modern approach to chronic wound treatment. The aim of the article is to summarize common therapies for chronic wounds and recent achievements in the development of bioengineered artificial skin constructs, including analysis of biomaterials and cells widely used for skin graft production. This review also presents attempts to reconstruct nerves, pigmentation, and skin appendages (hair follicles, sweat glands) using artificial skin grafts as well as recent trends in the engineering of biomaterials, aiming to produce nanocomposite skin substitutes (nanofilled polymer composites) with controlled antibacterial activity. Finally, the article describes the composition, advantages, and limitations of both newly developed and commercially available bioengineered skin substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Przekora
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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11
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Sierra-Sánchez Á, Fernández-González A, Lizana-Moreno A, Espinosa-Ibáñez O, Martinez-Lopez A, Guerrero-Calvo J, Fernández-Porcel N, Ruiz-García A, Ordóñez-Luque A, Carriel V, Arias-Santiago S. Hyaluronic acid biomaterial for human tissue-engineered skin substitutes: Preclinical comparative in vivo study of wound healing. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2414-2427. [PMID: 32173915 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is not an ideal biomaterial for tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESSs), and most of the studies or existing therapies use xenogeneic origin natural biomaterials or biosynthetic scaffolds. OBJECTIVE To analyse clinical, histological integration and homeostasis parameters of a human TESS manufactured with fibrin-hyaluronic acid biomaterial (HA-Skin), grafted in immunodeficient mice for 8 weeks, and compared with the gold standard treatment (Autograft), a human TESS manufactured with fibrin-agarose biomaterial (AG-Skin) and secondary wound healing dressings. METHODS Human TESSs and autografts were implanted into BALB/c mice after surgical excision. Secondary wound healing approach was achieved with biosynthetic collagen wound dressing (Biobrane® ) and fibrin-hyaluronic acid or fibrin-agarose biomaterial without cells (Total N = 44). Clinical integration and homeostasis parameters were evaluated every two weeks for two months. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed four and eight weeks after grafting. RESULTS HA-Skin, AG-Skin and Autograft groups showed a proper clinical integration and epithelization eight weeks later. Scar evaluation revealed better results for Autograft and HA-Skin. Homeostasis analysis indicated similar values of transepidermal water loss and elasticity between HA-Skin (6.42 ± 0.75 g/h/m2 , 0.42 ± 0.08 AU), Autograft (6.91 ± 1.28 g/h/m2 , 0.40 ± 0.08 AU) and healthy mouse skin (6.40 ± 0.43 g/h/m2 , 0.35 ± 0.03 AU). Histological results showed that human TESSs and autografts presented better skin structuration and higher expression of cytokeratins. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that human TESS based on fibrin-hyaluronic acid biomaterial could be suitable for clinical application in the treatment of several dermatological pathologies (wound healing).
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Affiliation(s)
- Á Sierra-Sánchez
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Fernández-González
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Lizana-Moreno
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - O Espinosa-Ibáñez
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Martinez-Lopez
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J Guerrero-Calvo
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - N Fernández-Porcel
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Ruiz-García
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - A Ordóñez-Luque
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - V Carriel
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - S Arias-Santiago
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain.,Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain.,Dermatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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12
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Martins AR, Matias GSS, Batista VF, Miglino MA, Fratini P. Wistar rat dermis recellularization. Res Vet Sci 2020; 131:222-231. [PMID: 32413795 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skin lesions are normal to all species, regardless of gender or age. The skin, the largest organ of the body, has function as a primary barrier to the chemical, physical and biological aggressions of the environment. In animals, these lesions may be due to fights and/or predations, also as in humans, there is a very common cause of dermal lesions that are caused by burns and carcinomas. Looking for new techniques of tissue bioengineering, studies have been shown promising results for formulations of acellular biological scaffolds from tissue decellularization for the reconstitution of these lesions. The decellularization has its proof by a varied range of tests such as scanning electron microscopy and residual genomic DNA tests. Subsequently the tissue can go through the process of recellularization using cells of interest, even the animal that will receive this tissue, reducing the risks of rejection and improving the response to tissue transplantation. Thus, this manuscript aimed at the decellularization of the tissue with the use of chemical and physical means followed by sterilization and the establishment of a protocol for the recellularization of a decellularized scaffold from the Wistar rat dermis using murine fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells from canine adipose tissue for 7 days. After efficacy tests, the tissue recellularization were confirmed by immunofluorescence assays and scanning electron microscopy where the adherence of the cells in the biological scaffold was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Martins
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - G S S Matias
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V F Batista
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M A Miglino
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - P Fratini
- Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Rezaie F, Momeni-Moghaddam M, Naderi-Meshkin H. Regeneration and Repair of Skin Wounds: Various Strategies for Treatment. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2019; 18:247-261. [PMID: 31257948 DOI: 10.1177/1534734619859214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skin as a mechanical barrier between the inner and outer environment of our body protects us against infection and electrolyte loss. This organ consists of 3 layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Any disruption in the integrity of skin leads to the formation of wounds, which are divided into 2 main categories: acute wounds and chronic wounds. Generally, acute wounds heal relatively faster. In contrast to acute wounds, closure of chronic wounds is delayed by 3 months after the initial insult. Treatment of chronic wounds has been one of the most challenging issues in the field of regenerative medicine, promoting scientists to develop various therapeutic strategies for a fast, qualified, and most cost-effective treatment modality. Here, we reviewed more recent approaches, including the development of stem cell therapy, tissue-engineered skin substitutes, and skin equivalents, for the healing of complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Rezaie
- Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.,Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Hojjat Naderi-Meshkin
- Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Shpichka A, Butnaru D, Bezrukov EA, Sukhanov RB, Atala A, Burdukovskii V, Zhang Y, Timashev P. Skin tissue regeneration for burn injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:94. [PMID: 30876456 PMCID: PMC6419807 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1203-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the body, which meets the environment most directly. Thus, the skin is vulnerable to various damages, particularly burn injury. Skin wound healing is a serious interaction between cell types, cytokines, mediators, the neurovascular system, and matrix remodeling. Tissue regeneration technology remarkably enhances skin repair via re-epidermalization, epidermal-stromal cell interactions, angiogenesis, and inhabitation of hypertrophic scars and keloids. The success rates of skin healing for burn injuries have significantly increased with the use of various skin substitutes. In this review, we discuss skin replacement with cells, growth factors, scaffolds, or cell-seeded scaffolds for skin tissue reconstruction and also compare the high efficacy and cost-effectiveness of each therapy. We describe the essentials, achievements, and challenges of cell-based therapy in reducing scar formation and improving burn injury treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Shpichka
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Butnaru
- Sechenov Biomedical Science and Technology Park, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Vitaliy Burdukovskii
- Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics” RAS, Institute of Photonic Technologies, Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
- Departments of Polymers and Composites, N.N. Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Li Q, Niu Y, Xing P, Wang C. Bioactive polysaccharides from natural resources including Chinese medicinal herbs on tissue repair. Chin Med 2018; 13:7. [PMID: 29445417 PMCID: PMC5802060 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-018-0166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional polysaccharides can be derived from plants (including herbs), animals and microorganisms. They have been widely used in a broad of biomedical applications, such as immunoregulatory agents or drug delivery vehicles. In the past few years, increasing studies have started to develop natural polysaccharides-based biomaterials for various applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MAIN BODY We discuss in this article the emerging applications of natural polysaccharides-particularly those derived from Chinese medicine-for wound healing. First, we introduce natural polysaccharides of three natural sources and their biological activities. Then, we focus on certain natural polysaccharides with growth factor-binding affinities and their inspired polymeric tools, with an emphasis on how these polysaccharides could possibly benefit wound healing. Finally, we report the latest progress in the discovery of polysaccharides from Chinese medicinal herbs with identified activities favouring tissue repair. CONCLUSION Natural polysaccharides with clearly elucidated compositions/structures, identified cellular activities, as well as desirable physical properties have shown the potential to serve as therapeutic tools for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau SAR, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau SAR, China
| | - Panfei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Macau SAR, China
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16
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Fujita K, Nishimoto S, Fujiwara T, Sotsuka Y, Tonooka M, Kawai K, Kakibuchi M. A new rabbit model of impaired wound healing in an X-ray-irradiated field. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184534. [PMID: 28886194 PMCID: PMC5590982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation is an important therapy for cancer with many benefits; however, its side effects, such as impaired wound healing, are a major problem. While many attempts have been made to overcome this particular disadvantage, there are few effective treatments for impaired wound healing in an X-ray-irradiated field. One reason for this deficiency is the lack of experimental models, especially animal models. We have previously reported a mouse model of impaired wound healing in which the irradiation area was restricted to the hindlimbs. In this mouse model, due to the size of the animal, a diameter of five millimeters was considered the largest wound size suitable for the model. In addition, the transplanted cells had to be harvested from other inbred animals. To investigate larger wounds and the impact of autologous specimen delivery, a rabbit model was developed. Rabbits were kept in a special apparatus to shield the body and hindlimbs while the irradiation field was exposed to radiation. Six weeks after irradiation, a 2 x 2 cm, full-thickness skin defect was made inside the irradiation field. Then, the wound area was observed over time. The wound area after irradiation was larger than that without irradiation at all time points. Both angiogenesis and collagen formation were reduced. For further study, as an example of using this model, the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was observed. Autologous PRP from peripheral blood (pb-PRP) and bone marrow aspirate (bm-PRP) was processed and injected into the wounds in the irradiated field. Two weeks later, the wounds treated with bm-PRP were significantly smaller than those treated with phosphate buffer vehicle controls. In contrast, the wounds treated with pb-PRP were not significantly different from the controls. This rabbit model is useful for investigating the mechanism of impaired wound healing in an X-ray-irradiated field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Fujita
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Soh Nishimoto
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Toshihiro Fujiwara
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yohei Sotsuka
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maki Tonooka
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kawai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masao Kakibuchi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
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17
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Hsu YH, Lin YF, Chen CH, Chiu YJ, Chiu HW. Far infrared promotes wound healing through activation of Notch1 signaling. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1203-1213. [PMID: 28831511 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1580-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is critically involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, development, and homeostasis. Far infrared (FIR) has an effect that promotes wound healing. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, we employed in vivo and HaCaT (a human skin keratinocyte cell line) models to elucidate the role of Notch1 signaling in FIR-promoted wound healing. We found that FIR enhanced keratinocyte migration and proliferation. FIR induced the Notch1 signaling pathway in HaCaT cells and in a microarray dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. We next determined the mRNA levels of NOTCH1 in paired normal and wound skin tissues derived from clinical patients using the microarray dataset and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software. The result indicated that the Notch1/Twist1 axis plays important roles in wound healing and tissue repair. In addition, inhibiting Notch1 signaling decreased the FIR-enhanced proliferation and migration. In a full-thickness wound model in rats, the wounds healed more rapidly and the scar size was smaller in the FIR group than in the light group. Moreover, FIR could increase Notch1 and Delta1 in skin tissues. The activation of Notch1 signaling may be considered as a possible mechanism for the promoting effect of FIR on wound healing. FIR stimulates keratinocyte migration and proliferation. Notch1 in keratinocytes has an essential role in FIR-induced migration and proliferation. NOTCH1 promotes TWIST1-mediated gene expression to assist wound healing. FIR might promote skin wound healing in a rat model. KEY MESSAGES FIR stimulates keratinocyte migration and proliferation. Notch1 in keratinocytes has an essential role in FIR-induced migration and proliferation. NOTCH1 promotes TWIST1-mediated gene expression to assist wound healing. FIR might promote skin wound healing in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ho Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jhe Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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18
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Chitosan: Application in tissue engineering and skin grafting. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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19
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Jeong KH, Park D, Lee YC. Polymer-based hydrogel scaffolds for skin tissue engineering applications: a mini-review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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20
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Gomathysankar S, Halim AS, Yaacob NS, Noor NM, Mohamed M. Compatibility of Porous Chitosan Scaffold with the Attachment and Proliferation of human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2016. [PMID: 28096632 PMCID: PMC5227107 DOI: 10.46582/jsrm.1202012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have potential applications in the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs. The use of various scaffold materials as an excellent template for mimicking the extracellular matrix to induce the attachment and proliferation of different cell types has always been of interest in the field of tissue engineering because ideal biomaterials are in great demand. Chitosan, a marine polysaccharide, have wide clinical applications and it acts as a promising scaffold for cell migration and proliferation. ASCs, with their multi-differentiation potential, and chitosan, with its great biocompatibility with ASCs, were investigated in the present study. ASCs were isolated and were characterized by two different methods: immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, using the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90, CD105, CD73 and CD29. The ASCs were then induced to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. These ASCs were incorporated into a porous chitosan scaffold (PCS), and their structural morphology was studied using a scanning electron microscope and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The proliferation rate of the ASCs on the PCS was assessed using a PrestoBlue viability assay. The results indicated that the PCS provides an excellent template for the adhesion and proliferation of ASCs. Thus, this study revealed that PCS is a promising biomaterial for inducing the proliferation of ASCs, which could lead to successful tissue reconstruction in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankaralakshmi Gomathysankar
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Sukari Halim
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Soriani Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Norhayati Mohd Noor
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohaini Mohamed
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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21
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Gomathysankar S, Halim AS, Yaacob NS, Noor NM, Mohamed M. Compatibility of Porous Chitosan Scaffold with the Attachment and Proliferation of human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells In Vitro. J Stem Cells Regen Med 2016; 12:79-86. [PMID: 28096632 PMCID: PMC5227107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have potential applications in the repair and regeneration of various tissues and organs. The use of various scaffold materials as an excellent template for mimicking the extracellular matrix to induce the attachment and proliferation of different cell types has always been of interest in the field of tissue engineering because ideal biomaterials are in great demand. Chitosan, a marine polysaccharide, have wide clinical applications and it acts as a promising scaffold for cell migration and proliferation. ASCs, with their multi-differentiation potential, and chitosan, with its great biocompatibility with ASCs, were investigated in the present study. ASCs were isolated and were characterized by two different methods: immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, using the mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90, CD105, CD73 and CD29. The ASCs were then induced to differentiate into adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic lineages. These ASCs were incorporated into a porous chitosan scaffold (PCS), and their structural morphology was studied using a scanning electron microscope and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The proliferation rate of the ASCs on the PCS was assessed using a PrestoBlue viability assay. The results indicated that the PCS provides an excellent template for the adhesion and proliferation of ASCs. Thus, this study revealed that PCS is a promising biomaterial for inducing the proliferation of ASCs, which could lead to successful tissue reconstruction in the field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankaralakshmi Gomathysankar
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Sukari Halim
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Soriani Yaacob
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Norhayati Mohd Noor
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohaini Mohamed
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
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22
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Nicholas MN, Jeschke MG, Amini-Nik S. Methodologies in creating skin substitutes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:3453-72. [PMID: 27154041 PMCID: PMC4982839 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The creation of skin substitutes has significantly decreased morbidity and mortality of skin wounds. Although there are still a number of disadvantages of currently available skin substitutes, there has been a significant decline in research advances over the past several years in improving these skin substitutes. Clinically most skin substitutes used are acellular and do not use growth factors to assist wound healing, key areas of potential in this field of research. This article discusses the five necessary attributes of an ideal skin substitute. It comprehensively discusses the three major basic components of currently available skin substitutes: scaffold materials, growth factors, and cells, comparing and contrasting what has been used so far. It then examines a variety of techniques in how to incorporate these basic components together to act as a guide for further research in the field to create cellular skin substitutes with better clinical results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew N Nicholas
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Room: M7-140, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Marc G Jeschke
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Room: M7-140, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Saeid Amini-Nik
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Room: M7-140, 2075 Bayview Ave., Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
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23
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Rodgers KE, Tan A, Kim L, Espinoza T, Meeks C, Johnston W, Maulhardt H, Donald M, Hill C, diZerega GS. Development of a guinea pig cutaneous radiation injury model using low penetrating X-rays. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:434-43. [PMID: 27258737 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1186302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A guinea pig skin model was developed to determine the dose-dependent response to soft X-ray radiation into the dermis. MATERIALS AND METHODS X-ray exposure (50 kVp) was defined to a 4.0 × 4.0 cm area on the lateral surface of a guinea pig using lead shielding. Guinea pigs were exposed to a single fraction of X-ray irradiation ranging from 25-79 Gy via an XRAD320ix Biological Irradiator with the collimator removed. Gross skin changes were measured using clinical assessments defined by the Kumar scale. Skin contracture was assessed, as well as histological evaluations. RESULTS Loss of dermal integrity was shown after a single dose of soft X-ray radiation at or above 32 Gy with the central 2.0 × 2.0 cm of the exposed site being the most affected. Hallmarks of the skin injury included moist desquamation, ulceration and wound contracture, as well as alterations in epithelium, dermis, muscle and adipose. Changes in the skin were time- and radiation dose-dependent. Full-thickness injury occurred without animal mortality or gross changes in the underlying organs. CONCLUSIONS The guinea pig is an appropriate small animal model for the short-term screening of countermeasures for cutaneous radiation injury (CRI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Rodgers
- a School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Alick Tan
- a School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Lila Kim
- a School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Theresa Espinoza
- a School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Christopher Meeks
- a School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | | | | | | | - Colin Hill
- c Keck School of Medicine at USC , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Gere S diZerega
- b US Biotest , San Luis Obispo , CA , USA ;,c Keck School of Medicine at USC , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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24
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Mohd Hilmi A, Hassan A, Halim AS. A Bilayer Engineered Skin Substitute for Wound Repair in an Irradiation-Impeded Healing Model on Rat. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4:312-320. [PMID: 26005597 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2014.0551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: An engineered skin substitute is produced to accelerate wound healing by increasing the mechanical strength of the skin wound via high production of collagen bundles. During the remodeling stage of wound healing, collagen deposition is the most important event. The collagen deposition process may be altered by nutritional deficiency, diabetes mellitus, microbial infection, or radiation exposure, leading to impaired healing. This study describes the fabrication of an engineered bilayer skin substitute and evaluates its effectiveness for the production of collagen bundles in an impaired healing model. Approach: Rats were exposed to 10 Gy of radiation. Two months postirradiation, the wounds were excised and treated with one of three skin replacement products: bilayer engineered skin substitutes, chitosan skin templates, or duoderm©. The collagen deposition was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: On day 21 postwound, the irradiated wounds displayed increased collagen bundle deposition after treatment using bilayer engineered skin substitutes (3.4±0.25) and chitosan skin templates (3.2±0.58) compared with duoderm (2.0±0.63). Innovation: We provide the first report on the fabrication of bilayer engineered skin substitutes using high density human dermal fibroblasts cocultured with HFSCs on chitosan skin templates. Conclusion: The high density of fibroblasts significantly increases the penetration of cells into chitosan skin templates, contributing to the fabrication of bilayer engineered skin substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.B. Mohd Hilmi
- School of Diagnostic and Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Asma Hassan
- Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Sukari Halim
- Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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Hilmi ABM, Halim AS. Vital roles of stem cells and biomaterials in skin tissue engineering. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:428-436. [PMID: 25815126 PMCID: PMC4369498 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i2.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering essentially refers to technology for growing new human tissue and is distinct from regenerative medicine. Currently, pieces of skin are already being fabricated for clinical use and many other tissue types may be fabricated in the future. Tissue engineering was first defined in 1987 by the United States National Science Foundation which critically discussed the future targets of bioengineering research and its consequences. The principles of tissue engineering are to initiate cell cultures in vitro, grow them on scaffolds in situ and transplant the composite into a recipient in vivo. From the beginning, scaffolds have been necessary in tissue engineering applications. Regardless, the latest technology has redirected established approaches by omitting scaffolds. Currently, scientists from diverse research institutes are engineering skin without scaffolds. Due to their advantageous properties, stem cells have robustly transformed the tissue engineering field as part of an engineered bilayered skin substitute that will later be discussed in detail. Additionally, utilizing biomaterials or skin replacement products in skin tissue engineering as strategy to successfully direct cell proliferation and differentiation as well as to optimize the safety of handling during grafting is beneficial. This approach has also led to the cells’ application in developing the novel skin substitute that will be briefly explained in this review.
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Proliferation of keratinocytes induced by adipose-derived stem cells on a chitosan scaffold and its role in wound healing, a review. Arch Plast Surg 2014; 41:452-7. [PMID: 25276634 PMCID: PMC4179346 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2014.41.5.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of tissue engineering and reconstruction, the development of efficient biomaterial is in high demand to achieve uncomplicated wound healing. Chronic wounds and excessive scarring are the major complications of tissue repair and, as this inadequate healing continues to increase, novel therapies and treatments for dysfunctional skin repair and reconstruction are important. This paper reviews the various aspects of the complications related to wound healing and focuses on chitosan because of its unique function in accelerating wound healing. The proliferation of keratinocytes is essential for wound closure, and adipose-derived stem cells play a significant role in wound healing. Thus, chitosan in combination with keratinocytes and adipose-derived stem cells may act as a vehicle for delivering cells, which would increase the proliferation of keratinocytes and help complete recovery from injuries.
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