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Wu Y, Liang M, Huang F, Cheng OH, Xiao X, Lee TH, Truong L, Cheng J. Notch Blockade Specifically in Bone Marrow-Derived FSP-1-Positive Cells Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020214. [PMID: 36672147 PMCID: PMC9856686 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infiltration of inflammatory cells during a kidney injury stimulates myofibroblast activation leading to kidney fibrosis. Fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) positive cells have been reported as either myofibroblasts or monocytes during tissue fibrosis. The functions of FSP-1+ cells that are associated with the development of renal fibrosis and the signaling pathways that regulate FSP-1+ cell activation have not been well defined. METHODS In mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), we characterized FSP-1+ cells and determined the role of the Notch signaling pathway in the activation of bone marrow-derived FSP-1+ cells during kidney fibrosis. RESULTS In kidneys from mice with UUO, the FSP-1+ cells accumulated significantly in the tubulointerstitial area. By using immunostaining and FSP-1 reporter mice, we found that FSP-1 was co-stained with inflammatory cell markers, but not myofibroblast markers. Results from mice with bone marrow transplantations showed that FSP-1+ cells in obstructed kidneys represent a bone marrow-derived population of inflammatory cells. In cultured FSP-1+ cells, the inhibition of Notch signaling suppressed the activation and cytokine secretion of FSP-1+ cells that were induced by LPS but not by IL-4. The specific KO or blockade of Notch signaling in bone marrow-derived FSP-1+ cells suppressed UUO-induced ECM deposition, the infiltration of FSP-1+ inflammatory cells, and cytokine production. These responses ameliorated myofibroblast accumulation and renal fibrosis in obstructed kidneys. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that most FSP-1+ cells in obstructed kidneys are activated macrophages that are derived from bone marrow and that Notch signaling activates the production of M1 cytokines in FSP-1+ monocytes/macrophages, which is important for renal inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ming Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (J.C.); Tel.: +1-713-798-2698 (J.C.); Fax: +1-713-798-5010 (J.C.)
| | - Fengzhang Huang
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Owen H. Cheng
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Xiao
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tae Hoon Lee
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Luan Truong
- Department of Pathology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jizhong Cheng
- Selzman Institute for Kidney Health, Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (J.C.); Tel.: +1-713-798-2698 (J.C.); Fax: +1-713-798-5010 (J.C.)
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Hreha TN, Collins CA, Daugherty AL, Griffith JM, Hruska KA, Hunstad DA. Androgen-Influenced Polarization of Activin A-Producing Macrophages Accompanies Post-pyelonephritic Renal Scarring. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1641. [PMID: 32849562 PMCID: PMC7399094 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ascending bacterial pyelonephritis, a form of urinary tract infection (UTI) that can result in hospitalization, sepsis, and other complications, occurs in ~250,000 US patients annually; uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) cause a large majority of these infections. Although UTIs are primarily a disease of women, acute pyelonephritis in males is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, including renal scarring, and end-stage renal disease. Preclinical models of UTI have only recently allowed investigation of sex and sex-hormone effects on pathogenesis. We previously demonstrated that renal scarring after experimental UPEC pyelonephritis is augmented by androgen exposure; testosterone exposure increases both the severity of pyelonephritis and the degree of renal scarring in both male and female mice. Activin A is an important driver of scarring in non-infectious renal injury, as well as a mediator of macrophage polarization. In this work, we investigated how androgen exposure influences immune cell recruitment to the UPEC-infected kidney and how cell-specific activin A production affects post-pyelonephritic scar formation. Compared with vehicle-treated females, androgenized mice exhibited reduced bacterial clearance from the kidney, despite robust myeloid cell recruitment that continued to increase as infection progressed. Infected kidneys from androgenized mice harbored more alternatively activated (M2) macrophages than vehicle-treated mice, reflecting an earlier shift from a pro-inflammatory (M1) phenotype. Androgen exposure also led to a sharp increase in activin A-producing myeloid cells in the infected kidney, as well as decreased levels of follistatin (which normally antagonizes activin action). As a result, infection in androgenized mice featured prolonged polarization of macrophages toward a pro-fibrotic M2a phenotype, accompanied by an increase in M2a-associated cytokines. These data indicate that androgen enhancement of UTI severity and resulting scar formation is related to augmented local activin A production and corresponding promotion of M2a macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teri N Hreha
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Christina A Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Allyssa L Daugherty
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Jessie M Griffith
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Keith A Hruska
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - David A Hunstad
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Song J, Liu J, Luo J, Zhang Q, Xia Y, Shao Q, Sun C, Jiang C, Zhang M, Zhu W. A modified relief of unilateral ureteral obstruction model. Ren Fail 2020; 41:497-506. [PMID: 31215300 PMCID: PMC6586099 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2019.1624263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To improve the mouse model of relief for unilateral ureteral obstruction (RUUO) and explore the pathological process of renal fibrosis after the obstruction was relieved. Methods: C57BL/6 mice in model group were randomly divided into RUUO group, improved RUUO group, and UUO group. After leaving Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) for 3 days, the obstruction was released by reimplantation way in RUUO group and in reimplantation + catheter way in improved RUUO group. C57BL/6 mice in observation group were randomly divided into 1d RUUO group, 3d RUUO group, 7d RUUO group, and 14d RUUO group. Three days after UUO, the obstruction was released by reimplantation + catheter in four groups. We detected the renal volume, H&E, Masson staining, and immunohistochemistry of kidney pathology on the seventh day after RUUO in model group and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th day after RUUO in observation group. Results: Comparing with mice in RUUO group, mice in improved RUUO group had lower renal volume, tubular damage score, and collagen area percentage. After the obstruction was relieved, the renal volume decreased gradually within 2 weeks. The tubular damage score in 7d RUUO group was lower than that in 1d RUUO and 3d RUUO group. However, the tubular damage score in 14d RUUO group was higher than that in 7d RUUO group. The tendency of collagen area percentage and α-SMA IOD value were consistent with the tubular damage score. Conclusions: Using the method of reimplantation + catheter, a reliable mice model of RUUO can be got. After RUUO, the de-obstructed kidneys are still in damage and fibrosis state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- a Department of Nephrology , The Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
| | - Jing Liu
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Jia Luo
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Qingyan Zhang
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Yangyang Xia
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Qiuyuan Shao
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Cheng Sun
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Chunming Jiang
- b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Miao Zhang
- a Department of Nephrology , The Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China.,b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
| | - Wei Zhu
- a Department of Nephrology , The Drum Tower Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China.,b Drum Tower Hospital , Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China
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Macrophages: versatile players in renal inflammation and fibrosis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2019; 15:144-158. [PMID: 30692665 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-019-0110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 518] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages have important roles in immune surveillance and in the maintenance of kidney homeostasis; their response to renal injury varies enormously depending on the nature and duration of the insult. Macrophages can adopt a variety of phenotypes: at one extreme, M1 pro-inflammatory cells contribute to infection clearance but can also promote renal injury; at the other extreme, M2 anti-inflammatory cells have a reparative phenotype and can contribute to the resolution phase of the response to injury. In addition, bone marrow monocytes can differentiate into myeloid-derived suppressor cells that can regulate T cell immunity in the kidney. However, macrophages can also promote renal fibrosis, a major driver of progression to end-stage renal disease, and the CD206+ subset of M2 macrophages is strongly associated with renal fibrosis in both human and experimental diseases. Myofibroblasts are important contributors to renal fibrosis and recent studies provide evidence that macrophages recruited from the bone marrow can transition directly into myofibroblasts within the injured kidney. This process is termed macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition (MMT) and is driven by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1)-Smad3 signalling via a Src-centric regulatory network. MMT may serve as a key checkpoint for the progression of chronic inflammation into pathogenic fibrosis.
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Yang C, Guo Y, Huang TS, Zhao J, Huang XJ, Tang HX, An N, Pan Q, Xu YZ, Liu HF. Asiatic acid protects against cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury via anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1354-1362. [PMID: 30257350 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a well-known chemotherapeutic drug applied for the treatment of numerous human cancers. However, the use of cisplatin in clinic is limited by certain serious side effects, such as nephrotoxicity. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective therapeutic approach to prevent cisplatin-induced AKI. Increasing evidence suggests that apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells and renal inflammation mainly determine the progression and outcome of cisplatin-induced AKI. Asiatic acid (AA) has been reported have the functions of anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis, etc. But the effects of AA on kidney injury induced by cisplatin are still not known. The current study aimed to determine the potential renoprotective effects of AA on kidney injury induced by cisplatin. Twenty-four C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal control (CON), cisplatin-induced AKI (CIS), AKI with 50 mg/kg AA pretreatment (CIS + AA50), and AKI with 100 mg/kg AA pretreatment (CIS + AA100). Mice were anesthetized and sacrificed at 72 h after the cisplatin injection. Blood and kidney samples were collected for analyses. Compared with CON mice, cisplatin-treated mice exhibited severe tubular necrosis and elevated serum creatinine level. However, AA pretreatment (50 mg/kg or 100 mg/kg) markedly suppressed the elevated serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and histological changes. Moreover, AA pretreatment notably downregulated tubular expression of kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and the number of apoptotic cells, and upregulated the expression of the apoptosis inhibitor survivin and promoted tubular proliferation as evidenced by an increase in the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells. In addition, AA suppressed the enhanced mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, MCP-1 and caspase-1 in the kidneys. Furthermore, AA pretreatment inhibited NF-κB activation and the inflammatory response, which may result from Smad7 up-regulation. In conclusion, AA protects against cisplatin-induced AKI via anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Yun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Tong-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Xi-Jie Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Hao-Xuan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Ning An
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Qingjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China
| | - Hua-Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease of Zhanjiang City, Institute of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524001, China.
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CD4 + and CD8 + T Cells Exert Regulatory Properties During Experimental Acute Aristolochic Acid Nephropathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5334. [PMID: 29593222 PMCID: PMC5871862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental aristolochic acid nephropathy is characterized by transient acute proximal tubule necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrates followed by interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. The respective role of T-cell subpopulations has never been studied in the acute phase of the mouse model, and was heretofore exclusively investigated by the use of several depletion protocols. As compared to mice injected with aristolochic acids alone, more severe acute kidney injury was observed after CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells depletion. TNF-alpha and MCP-1 mRNA renal expressions were also increased. In contrast, regulatory T-cells depletion did not modify the severity of the aristolochic acids induced acute kidney injury, suggesting an independent mechanism. Aristolochic acids nephropathy was also associated with an increased proportion of myeloid CD11bhighF4/80mid and a decreased proportion of their counterpart CD11blowF4/80high population. After CD4+ T-cell depletion the increase in the CD11bhighF4/80mid population was even higher whereas the decrease in the CD11blowF4/80high population was more marked after CD8+ T cells depletion. Our results suggest that CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells provide protection against AA-induced acute tubular necrosis. Interestingly, T-cell depletion was associated with an imbalance of the CD11bhighF4/80mid and CD11blowF4/80high populations.
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7
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Lin YC, Hwu Y, Huang GS, Hsiao M, Lee TT, Yang SM, Lee TK, Chen NY, Yang SS, Chen A, Ka SM. Differential synchrotron X-ray imaging markers based on the renal microvasculature for tubulointerstitial lesions and glomerulopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3488. [PMID: 28615647 PMCID: PMC5471266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High resolution synchrotron microtomography capable of revealing microvessels in three dimensional (3D) establishes distinct imaging markers of mouse kidney disease strongly associated to renal tubulointerstitial (TI) lesions and glomerulopathy. Two complementary mouse models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), were used and five candidates of unique 3D imaging markers were identified. Our characterization to differentially reflect the altered microvasculature of renal TI lesions and/or glomerulopathy demonstrated these image features can be used to differentiate the disease status and the possible cause therefore qualified as image markers. These 3D imaging markers were further correlated with the histopathology and renal microvessel-based molecular study using antibodies against vascular endothelial cells (CD31), the connective tissue growth factor or the vascular endothelial growth factor. We also found that these 3D imaging markers individually characterize the development of renal TI lesions or glomerulopathy, quantitative and integrated use of all of them provide more information for differentiating the two renal conditions. Our findings thus establish a practical strategy to characterize the CKD-associated renal injuries by the microangiography-based 3D imaging and highlight the impact of dysfunctional microvasculature as a whole on the pathogenesis of the renal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yeukuang Hwu
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Shu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Tse Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Min Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Kuo Lee
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Yow Chen
- National Center for High-Performance Computing, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Sen Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ann Chen
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shuk-Man Ka
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, Academy of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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8
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Bolisetty S, Zarjou A, Hull TD, Traylor A, Perianayagam A, Joseph R, Kamal AI, Arosio P, Soares MP, Jeney V, Balla J, George JF, Agarwal A. Macrophage and epithelial cell H-ferritin expression regulates renal inflammation. Kidney Int 2015; 88:95-108. [PMID: 25874599 PMCID: PMC4490000 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2015.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation culminating in fibrosis contributes to progressive kidney disease. Cross-talk between the tubular epithelium and interstitial cells regulates inflammation by a coordinated release of cytokines and chemokines. Here we studied the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the heavy subunit of ferritin (FtH) in macrophage polarization and renal inflammation. Deficiency in HO-1 was associated with increased FtH expression, accumulation of macrophages with a dysregulated polarization profile, and increased fibrosis following unilateral ureteral obstruction in mice: a model of renal inflammation and fibrosis. Macrophage polarization in vitro was predominantly dependent on FtH expression in isolated bone marrow-derived mouse monocytes. Using transgenic mice with conditional deletion of FtH in the proximal tubules (FtH(PT-/-)) or myeloid cells (FtH(LysM-/-)), we found that myeloid FtH deficiency did not affect polarization or accumulation of macrophages in the injured kidney compared with wild-type (FtH(+/+)) controls. However, tubular FtH deletion led to a marked increase in proinflammatory macrophages. Furthermore, injured kidneys from FtH(PT-/-) mice expressed significantly higher levels of inflammatory chemokines and fibrosis compared with kidneys from FtH(+/+) and FtH(LysM-/-) mice. Thus, there are differential effects of FtH in macrophages and epithelial cells, which underscore the critical role of FtH in tubular-macrophage cross-talk during kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhashini Bolisetty
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Abolfazl Zarjou
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Travis D. Hull
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Amie Traylor
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Anjana Perianayagam
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Reny Joseph
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ahmed I Kamal
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Paolo Arosio
- Dipartimento Materno Infantile e Tecnologie Biomediche, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Miguel P Soares
- Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Viktoria Jeney
- Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jozsef Balla
- Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- MTA-DE Vascular Biology, Thrombosis and Hemostasis Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - James F. George
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Anupam Agarwal
- Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Abstract
Macrophage accumulation associates closely with the degree of renal structural injury and renal dysfunction in human kidney diseases. Depletion of macrophages reduces while adoptive transfer of macrophages worsens inflammation in animal models of the renal injury. However, emerging evidence support that macrophage polarization plays a critical role in the progression of a number of kidney diseases including obstructive nephropathy, ischemia-reperfusion injury, glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, and other kidney diseases. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize the macrophage infiltration and polarization in these inflammatory and fibrotic kidney diseases, discussing the results mostly from studies in animal models. In view of the critical role of macrophage in the progression of these diseases, manipulating macrophage phenotype may be a potential effective strategy to treat various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojiang Tian
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China ; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
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10
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Hesketh EE, Vernon MA, Ding P, Clay S, Borthwick G, Conway B, Hughes J. A murine model of irreversible and reversible unilateral ureteric obstruction. J Vis Exp 2014:52559. [PMID: 25549273 PMCID: PMC4396952 DOI: 10.3791/52559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstruction of the kidney may affect native or transplanted kidneys and results in kidney injury and scarring. Presented here is a model of obstructive nephropathy induced by unilateral ureteric obstruction (UUO), which can either be irreversible (UUO) or reversible (R-UUO). In the irreversible UUO model, the ureter may be obstructed for variable periods of time in order to induce increasingly severe renal inflammation and interstitial fibrotic scarring. In the reversible R-UUO model the ureter is obstructed to induce hydronephrosis, tubular dilation and inflammation. After a suitable period of time the ureteric obstruction is then surgically reversed by anastomosis of the severed previously obstructed ureter to the bladder in order to allow complete decompression of the kidney and restoration of urinary flow to the bladder. The irreversible UUO model has been used to investigate various aspects of renal inflammation and scarring including the pathogenesis of disease and the testing of potential anti-inflammatory or anti-fibrotic therapies. The more challenging model of R-UUO has been used by some investigators and does offer significant research potential as it allows the study of inflammatory and immune processes and tissue remodeling in an injured and scarred kidney following the removal of the injurious stimulus. As a result, the R-UUO model offers investigators the opportunity to explore the resolution of kidney inflammation together with key aspects of tissue repair. These experimental models are of relevance to human disease as patients often present with obstruction of the renal tract that requires decompression and are commonly left with significant residual kidney impairment that has no current treatment options and may lead to eventual end stage kidney failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Hesketh
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | | | - Peng Ding
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | - Spike Clay
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | - Gary Borthwick
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | - Bryan Conway
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh
| | - Jeremy Hughes
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh;
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