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Yin J, Guo W, Li X, Ding H, Han L, Yang X, Zhu L, Li F, Bie S, Song X, Yu H, Li Z. Extensive evaluation of plasma metabolic sample preparation process based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application in the in vivo metabolism of Shuang-Huang-Lian powder injection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2023; 1228:123808. [PMID: 37453388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Shuang-Huang-Lian powder injection (SHLPI) is a natural drug injection made of honeysuckle, scutellaria baicalensis and forsythia suspensa. It has the characteristics of complex chemical composition and difficult metabolism research in vivo. LC-MS platform has been proven to be an important analytical technology in plasma metabolomics. Unfortunately, the lack of an effective sample preparation strategy before analysis often significantly impacts experimental results. In this work, twenty-one extraction protocols including eight protein precipitation (PPT), eight liquid-liquid extractions (LLE), four solid-phase extractions (SPE), and one ultrafiltration (U) were simultaneously evaluated using plasma metabolism of SHLPI in vivo. In addition, a strategy of "feature ion extraction of the multi-component metabolic platform of traditional Chinese medicine" (FMM strategy) was proposed for the in-depth characterization of metabolites after intravenous injection of SHLPI in rats. The results showed that the LLE-3 protocol (Pentanol:Tetrahydrofuran:H2O, 1:4:35, v:v:v) was the most effective strategy in the in vivo metabolic detection of SHLPI. Furthermore, we used the FMM strategy to elaborate the in vivo metabolic pathways of six representative substances in SHLPI components. This research was completed by ion migration quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer combined with ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC/Vion™-IMS-QTof-MS) and UNIFI™ metabolic platform. The results showed that 114 metabolites were identified or preliminarily identified in rat plasma. This work provides relevant data and information for further research on the pharmacodynamic substances and in vivo mechanisms of SHLPI. Meanwhile, it also proves that LLE-3 and FMM strategies could achieve the in-depth characterization of complex natural drug metabolites related to Shuang-Huang-Lian in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Wen Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xuejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China
| | - Limin Zhu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, PR China
| | - Fangyi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Songtao Bie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Xinbo Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 10 Poyanghu Road, West Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, PR China.
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Yin J, Li C, Zhang J, Ding H, Han L, Yang W, Li F, Song X, Bie S, Yu H, Li Z. Comprehensive multicomponent characterization and quality assessment of Shuang-Huang-Lian powder injection using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2023; 37:e9479. [PMID: 36690334 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Shuang-Huang-Lian powder injection (SHLPI) is a well-known modern traditional Chinese medicine formula preparation (TCMFP) widely used to treat acute upper respiratory infections. However, SHLPI is extracted from pure Chinese medicine and administered through an injection, and many adverse reactions have been reported clinically. Therefore, it is necessary to characterize in depth the chemical composition of SHLPI and quantitatively analyze its potential allergenic components. METHODS In this study, the samples were analyzed using ion mobility ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS) combined with a self-built database. Furthermore, the parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) model of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS) was used to successfully quantify 10 representative bioactive components. RESULTS Using this strategy 90 compounds were identified, the fragmentation pathways of five representative compounds in the five main components of SHLPI were summarized, and 10 components (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, sweroside, forsythiaside A, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid C, baicalin, phillyrin, and baicalein) were determine as the quality markers of SHLPI based on UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS. CONCLUSIONS This work comprehensively characterized the material basis of SHLPI, summarized the cracking laws of representative substances, and quantitatively analyzed 10 potential allergenic components. Therefore, this study could provide a basis for the quality control of SHLPI and the clinical rational use of drugs to reduce its adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Yin
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ding
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lifeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Fangyi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xinbo Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Songtao Bie
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Heshui Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P. R. China
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3
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Wang Z, Wang Z, Jiang M, Yang J, Meng Q, Guan J, Xu M, Chai X. Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation of Chemical Constituents from Shuanghuanglian Injection Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:7763207. [PMID: 35309716 PMCID: PMC8926469 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7763207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
By employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), we implemented a chemical research on Shuanghuanglian injection (SHLI) and identified 17 components, including eight primary metabolites and nine secondary metabolites. Guided by the approach of network pharmacology, the potential activities were briefly predicted for seven primary metabolites except for formic acid, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and cardiovascular protection. The focused primary metabolites were quantified by a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) method, which was verified with good linearity and satisfactory precision, repeatability, stability, and accuracy (except for myo-inositol with mean recovery at 135.78%). Based on the successfully established method, seven primary metabolites were effectively quantified with a slight fluctuation in 20 batches of SHLIs. The average total content of these compounds was 6.85 mg/mL, accounting for 24.84% in total solid of SHLI. This research provides an alternative method for analysis of primary metabolites and contributes to the quality control of SHLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Zuoyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Miaomiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qingfen Meng
- Henan Fusen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Henan 474450, China
| | - Jianli Guan
- Henan Fusen Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Henan 474450, China
| | - Maoling Xu
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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4
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Chen J, Chen S, Chen J, Shen B, Jiang Z, Xu Y. Study on the Molecular Basis of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction Against Atopic Dermatitis Integrating Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Metabolomics Strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:770524. [PMID: 34970141 PMCID: PMC8712871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.770524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic relapsing skin inflammation, which severely affect the quality of life of patients. Inhibiting itching and enhancing immunity to mitigate scratching are key elements in the fight against AD. Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDD) has multiple pharmacological effects in the treatment of AD. However, the effective ingredients and underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully explored. Thus, this study integrates chemistry, biochemistry, and metabolomics strategies to evaluate the active substance basis of HLJDD against AD. First, HLJDD was split to five fractions (CPF, 40AEF, 90AEF, PEF and WEF) and 72 chemical components were identified. NSD (Non-similarity degree) among the different fractions showed significant chemical differences (>81%). Interleukin IL-13, IL-17A, IL-3, IL-31, IL-33, IL4, IL-5, TSLP, IgE, and histamine in the serum, and IL-4Rα, JAK1, and HRH4 levels in skin, participating in inhibiting itching and regulating immunity signaling, were found to be restored to varying degrees in AD treating with HLJDD and its fractions, especially 40AEF and CPF. Untargeted metabolomics analysis demonstrated that forty metabolites were differential metabolites in plasma between the HLJDD-treated group and the AD group, involving in histidine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and so on. Further, targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that eleven differential metabolites, associating with physiological and biochemical indices, were significant improved in the HLJDD and its fractions groups. In conclusion, HLJDD exhibited anti-AD effects by inhibiting itching and enhancing immunity, which in turn regulating the levels of relative metabolites, and CPF and 40AEF were considered the most important components of HLJDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lin Hai, China
| | - Saizhen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jinguang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Bixin Shen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhengli Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Lin Hai, China
| | - Yubin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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5
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Chen YH, Bi JH, Xie M, Zhang H, Shi ZQ, Guo H, Yin HB, Zhang JN, Xin GZ, Song HP. Classification-based strategies to simplify complex traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the last decade (2011-2020): Theory, technical route and difficulty. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462307. [PMID: 34161837 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The difficulty of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researches lies in the complexity of components, metabolites, and bioactivities. For a long time, there has been a lack of connections among the three parts, which is not conducive to the systematic elucidation of TCM effectiveness. To overcome this problem, a classification-based methodology for simplifying TCM researches was refined from literature in the past 10 years (2011-2020). The theoretical basis of this methodology is set theory, and its core concept is classification. Its starting point is that "although TCM may contain hundreds of compounds, the vast majority of these compounds are structurally similar". The methodology is composed by research strategies for components, metabolites and bioactivities of TCM, which are the three main parts of the review. Technical route, key steps and difficulty are introduced in each part. Two perspectives are highlighted in this review: set theory is a theoretical basis for all strategies from a conceptual perspective, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a common tool for all strategies from a technical perspective. The significance of these strategies is to simplify complex TCM researches, integrate isolated TCM researches, and build a bridge between traditional medicines and modern medicines. Potential research hotspots in the future, such as discovery of bioactive ingredients from TCM metabolites, are also discussed. The classification-based methodology is a summary of research experience in the past 10 years. We believe it will definitely provide support and reference for the following TCM researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing-Hua Bi
- Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Ming Xie
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Zi-Qi Shi
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Hai-Bo Yin
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jia-Nuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Hui-Peng Song
- Key Laboratory for Identification and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Liaoning Province, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China.
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Forsythoside A and Forsythoside B Contribute to Shuanghuanglian Injection-Induced Pseudoallergic Reactions through the RhoA/ROCK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246266. [PMID: 31842335 PMCID: PMC6940901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, hypersensitivity reactions to the Shuanghuanglian injection have attracted broad attention. However, the componential chief culprits inducing the reactions and the underlying mechanisms involved have not been completely defined. In this study, we used a combination of approaches based on the mouse model, human umbilical vein endothelial cell monolayer, real-time cellular monitoring, immunoblot analysis, pharmacological inhibition, and molecular docking. We demonstrated that forsythoside A and forsythoside B contributed to Shuanghuanglian injection-induced pseudoallergic reactions through activation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Forsythoside A and forsythoside B could trigger dose-dependent vascular leakage in mice. Moreover, forsythoside A and forsythoside B slightly elicited mast cell degranulation. Correspondingly, treatment with forsythoside A and forsythoside B disrupted the endothelial barrier and augmented the expression of GTP-RhoA, p-MYPT1, and p-MLC2 in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the ROCK inhibitor effectively alleviated forsythoside A/forsythoside B-induced hyperpermeability in both the endothelial cells and mice. Similar responses were not observed in the forsythoside E-treated animals and cells. These differences may be related to the potential of the tested compounds to react with RhoA-GTPγS and form stable interactions. This study innovatively revealed that some forsythosides may cause vascular leakage, and therefore, limiting their contents in injections should be considered.
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7
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Yu CQ, Chen JP, Zhong YM, Zhong XL, Tang CP, Yang Y, Lin HQ. Metabolomic profiling of rat urine after oral administration of the prescription antipyretic Hao Jia Xu Re Qing Granules by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4332. [PMID: 29981286 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hao Jia Xu Re Qing Granules (HJ), is an effective clinically used antipyretic based on traditional Chinese medicine. Although its antipyretic therapeutic effectiveness is obvious, its therapeutic mechanism has not been comprehensively explored yet. In this research, we first identified potential biomarkers which may be relevant for the antipyretic effect of HJ based on urine metabolomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). A rat model of fever was established using the yeast-induced febrile response. Total-ion-current metabolic profiles of different groups were acquired and the data were processed by multivariate statistical analysis-partial least-squares discriminant analysis. As envisioned, the results revealed changes of urine metabolites related to the antipyretic effect. Fourteen potential biomarkers were selected from the urine samples based on the results of Student's t-test, "shrinkage t", variable importance in projection and partial least-squares discriminant analysis. N-Acetylleucine, kynurenic acid, indole-3-ethanol, nicotinuric acid, pantothenic acid and tryptophan were the most significant biomarkers found in the urine samples, and may be crucially related to the antipyretic effect of HJ. Consequently, we propose the hypothesis that the significant antipyretic effect the HJ may be related to the inhibition of tryptophan metabolism. This research thus provides strong theoretical support and further direction to explain the antipyretic mechanism of HJ, laying the foundation for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Qin Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- The First Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhong
- Central Laboratory, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun-Long Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Ping Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Qing Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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A combination of representative compounds, metabolism platform and diagnostic extraction strategy for characterization of metabolites of Shuang-Huang-Lian oral liquid in vivo by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 155:216-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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9
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Assi N, Fages A, Vineis P, Chadeau-Hyam M, Stepien M, Duarte-Salles T, Byrnes G, Boumaza H, Knüppel S, Kühn T, Palli D, Bamia C, Boshuizen H, Bonet C, Overvad K, Johansson M, Travis R, Gunter MJ, Lund E, Dossus L, Elena-Herrmann B, Riboli E, Jenab M, Viallon V, Ferrari P. A statistical framework to model the meeting-in-the-middle principle using metabolomic data: application to hepatocellular carcinoma in the EPIC study. Mutagenesis 2015; 30:743-53. [PMID: 26130468 PMCID: PMC5909887 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics is a potentially powerful tool for identification of biomarkers associated with lifestyle exposures and risk of various diseases. This is the rationale of the 'meeting-in-the-middle' concept, for which an analytical framework was developed in this study. In a nested case-control study on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC), serum (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra (800 MHz) were acquired for 114 cases and 222 matched controls. Through partial least square (PLS) analysis, 21 lifestyle variables (the 'predictors', including information on diet, anthropometry and clinical characteristics) were linked to a set of 285 metabolic variables (the 'responses'). The three resulting scores were related to HCC risk by means of conditional logistic regressions. The first PLS factor was not associated with HCC risk. The second PLS metabolomic factor was positively associated with tyrosine and glucose, and was related to a significantly increased HCC risk with OR = 1.11 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.22, P = 0.02) for a 1SD change in the responses score, and a similar association was found for the corresponding lifestyle component of the factor. The third PLS lifestyle factor was associated with lifetime alcohol consumption, hepatitis and smoking, and had negative loadings on vegetables intake. Its metabolomic counterpart displayed positive loadings on ethanol, glutamate and phenylalanine. These factors were positively and statistically significantly associated with HCC risk, with 1.37 (1.05, 1.79, P = 0.02) and 1.22 (1.04, 1.44, P = 0.01), respectively. Evidence of mediation was found in both the second and third PLS factors, where the metabolomic signals mediated the relation between the lifestyle component and HCC outcome. This study devised a way to bridge lifestyle variables to HCC risk through NMR metabolomics data. This implementation of the 'meeting-in-the-middle' approach finds natural applications in settings characterised by high-dimensional data, increasingly frequent in the omics generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Assi
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Anne Fages
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France, Present address: Chemical Physics Department, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Marc Chadeau-Hyam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Magdalena Stepien
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Houda Boumaza
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sven Knüppel
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute - ISPO, Florence, Italy
| | - Christina Bamia
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, WHO Collaborating Center for Food and Nutrition Policies, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Hendriek Boshuizen
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Catalina Bonet
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Institut Català d'Oncologia, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Kim Overvad
- The Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France, The Department for Biobank Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ruth Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Eiliv Lund
- The Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laure Dossus
- Inserm, Centre for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Lifestyle, Genes and Health: Integrative Trans-generational Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France, Université Paris Sud, Villejuif, France
| | - Bénédicte Elena-Herrmann
- Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Elio Riboli
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-HPA Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Mazda Jenab
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | | | - Pietro Ferrari
- International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC-WHO), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372 Lyon Cedex 08, France,
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10
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Zhang TB, Yue RQ, Xu J, Ho HM, Ma DL, Leung CH, Chau SL, Zhao ZZ, Chen HB, Han QB. Comprehensive quantitative analysis of Shuang-Huang-Lian oral liquid using UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC-ELSD. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 102:1-8. [PMID: 25222137 PMCID: PMC7126236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Commercial Shuang-Huang-Lian liquor (SHL) was quantitatively analyzed. Fifteen small molecules were determined using UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS. Three carbohydrates were determined using HPLC-ELSD. The total determined contents reached up to 78% of the dry weight of SHL. This study provides an efficient quantitation method to assess the quality of SHL.
Shuang-Huang-Lian oral liquid (SHL) is a well-known Chinese patent drug containing three herbal medicines: Radix Scutellariae, Flos Lonicerae Japonicae and Fructus Forsythiae. It is usually used to treat acute upper respiratory tract infection caused by virus or bacteria. Although the licensing of botanical drug Veregen approved by FDA has indicated the importance of quantitative analysis in quality control of herbal medicines, quantitative evaluation of a Chinese patent drug like SHL remains a challenge due to the complex chemical profile. In this study, 15 small molecular components of SHL (four flavonoids, six quinic acid derivatives, three saponins and two phenylethanoid glycosides) were simultaneously determined using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC–Q-TOF-MS). The contents of the three major saccharides, namely fructose, glucose and sucrose were quantified using high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector on an amino column (HPLC-ELSD). The macromolecules were quantified by precipitating in 80% ethanol, drying the precipitate, and then weighing. The established methods were validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy and stability and then successfully applied to analyze 12 batches of commercial products of SHL produced by four different manufacturers. The results indicated that 57.52–78.11% (w/w) of SHL could be quantitatively determined (non-saccharide small molecules: 1.77–3.75%, monosaccharides: 0.93–20.93%, macromolecules: 2.63–5.76% and sucrose: 49.20–65.94%). This study may provide a useful way to comprehensively evaluate the quality of SHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Bo Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui-Qi Yue
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hing-Man Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Siu-Leung Chau
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Quan-Bin Han
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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