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Othman WM, Al-Zoman NZ, Darwish IA, Almomen A, Farid NF, Abdallah FF, Saad SS. Development and validation of synchronous spectrofluorimetric method for the simultaneous determination of duvelisib and moxifloxacin: greenness metric assessment and application to a pharmacokinetic study in rats. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2023; 12:015010. [PMID: 38052071 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ad1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Duvelisib (DUV) is a potent anticancer drug whereas Moxifloxacin (MOX) is an antimicrobial drug with anti-proliferative potency against cancerous cells, which is empirically administered in cancer treatment. DUV and MOX combination is commonly prescribed to combat infections in patients while they are under chemotherapy treatment. This study describes, for the first time, the development of a simple and green synchronous spectrofluorimetric (SSF) method for the simultaneous estimation of DUV and MOX in plasma. DUV and MOX were quantified at 273 and 362 nm, respectively without interference between each other at Δλof 120 nm. The experimental variables influencing fluorescence intensities were thoroughly investigated and the optimum conditions were established. At pH 3.5, the optimum synchronous fluorescence intensity (SFI) was achieved in water solvent by using sodium acetate buffer solution. Calibration curves for DUV and MOX, correlating the SFI with the corresponding drug concentration, were linear in the range of 50-1000 ng mL-1for both drugs, with good correlation coefficients. The method was extremely sensitive, with limits of detection of 24 and 22 ng mL-1, and limits of quantitation of 40 and 45 ngmL-1for DUV and MOX, respectively. The SSF method was validated according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines for validation of analytical procedures, and the validation parameters were acceptable. The proposed SSF method was applied to the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies in rats' plasma after single concurrent oral administration of both drugs. The results of the study revealed that caution should be taken with DUV dose when concurrently administered with MOX. The greenness of SSF method was assessed by three different metric tools namely Analytical Eco-scale, Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical Greenness Calculator. The results confirmed that SSF method is an eco-friendly and green analytical approach. In conclusion, the proposed SSF method is a valuable tool for pharmacokinetic/bioavailability studies and therapeutic drug monitoring of simultaneously administered DUV and MOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weam M Othman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6thOctober City, Egypt
| | - Nourah Z Al-Zoman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliyah Almomen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehal F Farid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Fatma F Abdallah
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Samah S Saad
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6thOctober City, Egypt
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Kalaria VJ, Saisivam S, Alshishani A, Aljariri Alhesan JS, Chakraborty S, Rahamathulla M. Design and evaluation of in situ gel eye drops containing nanoparticles of Gemifloxacin Mesylate. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2185180. [PMID: 36876464 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2185180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional eye drops used for topically administering drugs have poor ocular bioavailability due to the biological barriers of the eye. There is an interest to design and develop novel drug delivery systems that would extend the precorneal residence time, reduce the frequency of administration and decrease dose-related toxicity. This study aimed to prepare Nanoparticles of Gemifloxacin Mesylate and incorporate them into an in situ gel. The nanoparticles were prepared by ionic gelation technique, using 32 factorial design. Sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) was used to crosslink Chitosan. The optimized formulation of the nanoparticles (GF4) contained 0.15% Gemifloxacin Mesylate, 0.15% Chitosan and 0.20% STPP, producing 71 nm particle size and 81.11% entrapment efficiency. The prepared nanoparticles showed biphasic release, with an initial burst release of 15% in 1.0 hr and a cumulative drug release of 90.53% at the end of 24 hrs. After that, the prepared nanoparticles were incorporated into an in situ gel, using Poloxamer 407, producing a sustained drug release with efficient antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as confirmed by the cup plate method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwa J Kalaria
- N. R. Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy affiliated to Gujarat Technological University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - S Saisivam
- N. R. Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy affiliated to Gujarat Technological University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | - Sumit Chakraborty
- N. R. Vekaria Institute of Pharmacy affiliated to Gujarat Technological University, Junagadh, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohamed Rahamathulla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Magnaghi LR, Zanoni C, Alberti G, Biesuz R. The colorful world of sulfonephthaleins: Current applications in analytical chemistry for "old but gold" molecules. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1281:341807. [PMID: 38783746 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Sulfonephthaleins represent one of the most common and widely employed reactive dyes in analytical chemistry, thanks to their stability, low-cost, well-visible colors, reactivity and possibilities of chemical modification. Despite being first proposed in 1916, nowadays, these molecules play a fundamental role in biological and medical applications, environmental analyses, food quality monitoring and other fields, with a particular focus on low-cost and disposable devices or methods for practical applications. Since up to our knowledge, no reviews or book chapters focused explicitly on sulfonephthaleins have ever been published, in this review, we will briefly describe sulfonephthaleins history, their acid-base properties will be discussed, and the most recent applications in different fields will be presented, focusing on the last ten years literature (2014-2023). Finally, safety and environmental issues will be briefly discussed, despite being quite controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Rita Magnaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Camilla Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giancarla Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Raffaela Biesuz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100, Pavia, Italy; Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121, Firenze, Italy
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Two Eco-Friendly Chromatographic Methods Evaluated by GAPI for Simultaneous Determination of the Fluoroquinolones Moxifloxacin, Levofloxacin, and Gemifloxacin in Their Pharmaceutical Products. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9110330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, novel green HPLC and HPTLC chromatographic methods were developed for the concurrent determination of moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, and gemifloxacin in bulk and pharmaceutical products. The green HPLC method was used on Thermo C18 (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm). By mixing ethanol and 20 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate (pH 5) in a ratio of 25:75, v/v, the mobile phase was created using isocratic elution. The flow rate was 1 mLmin−1. The studied antibiotics were separated well within 9.5 min. The green HPTLC method was used on coated HPTLC aluminum sheets with Silica gel 60 F254 using a mobile phase mixture of water: acetone: ammonia (8:1:1, v/v/v). Compact and well-resolved peaks were obtained under chamber-saturation circumstances for the standard fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Both methods were optimized individually, validated by ICH, and assessed using the Green analytical procedure index (GAPI). The methods were applied to pharmaceutical products and compared with the published methods for the determination of each of these antibiotics individually, using Student’s t-test. They can be used by quality-control laboratories in pharmaceutical factories as sensitive eco-friendly methods for the analysis of these drugs and for the detection of cross-contamination during manufacturing processes.
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Dangui AZ, Santos VMS, Gomes BS, de Castilho TS, Nicolini KP, Nicolini J. Preferential solvation bromophenol blue in water-alcohol binary mixture. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 203:333-341. [PMID: 29885632 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the perichromic behavior of bromophenol blue (BPB) in various binary solvent mixtures was investigated. The binary mixtures considered were comprised of water and methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), n-propanol (n-PrOH), isopropanol (iso-PrOH) or t-butanol (t-BuOH). The investigation of a preferential solvation model that considers the addition of small quantities of alcohol to water in the presence of bromophenol blue (BPB) is described in this paper. The data obtained were employed to study the preferential solvation (PS) of the probe. It was observed that with increases in the molar fraction of water the spontaneity of the system decreases. This can be explained by the high solubility of BPB in ethanol, with ∆G > 0 at higher wavelengths (region rich in water with violet solution) and ∆G < 0 at lower wavelengths (region rich in alcohol with yellow solution). The pK of the binary mixture changed in all solvents and for all ratios, and the higher the water ratio is the lower the pKIn will be. In binary mixture, an increase in the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) nature of the solvents tested resulted in a bathochromic effect on the absorption band of BPB (Δλ = 12 nm). All of the data obtained showed a good nonlinear fit with the mathematical model (SD ≤ 6.6 × 10-3), suggesting that BPB has other potential applications besides its use as a pH indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayana Z Dangui
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M S Santos
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Benhur S Gomes
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Taiane S de Castilho
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Keller P Nicolini
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nicolini
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil.
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Nguyen TD, Le HB, Dong TO, Pham TD. Determination of Fluoroquinolones in Pharmaceutical Formulations by Extractive Spectrophotometric Methods Using Ion-Pair Complex Formation with Bromothymol Blue. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2018; 2018:8436948. [PMID: 30402327 PMCID: PMC6193353 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8436948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported a new, simple, accurate, and precise extractive spectrophotometric method for the determination of fluoroquinolones (FQs) including ciprofloxacin (CFX), levofloxacin (LFX), and ofloxacin (OFX) in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method is based on the ion-pair formation complexes between FQs and an anionic dye, bromothymol blue (BTB), in acidic medium. The yellow-colored complexes which were extracted into chloroform were measured at the wavelengths of 420, 415, and 418 nm for CFX, LFX, and OFX, respectively. Some effective conditions such as pH, dye concentration, shaking time, and organic solvents were also systematically studied. Very good limit of detection (LOD) of 0.084 µg/mL, 0.101 µg/mL, and 0.105 µg/mL were found for CFX, LFX, and OFX, respectively. The stoichiometry of the complexes formed between FQs and BTB determined by Job's method of continuous variation was 1 : 1. No interference was observed from common excipients occurred in pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed method has been successfully applied to determine the FQs in some pharmaceutical products. A good agreement between extractive spectrophotometric method with high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) for the determination of FQs in some real samples demonstrates that the proposed method is suitable to quantify FQs in pharmaceutical formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Dung Nguyen
- Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoc Bau Le
- Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thi Oanh Dong
- Faculty of Physics and Chemical Engineering, Le Quy Don Technical University, 236 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Duc Pham
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNU-University of Science, Vietnam National University Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, Hoan Kiem, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Optimized and validated spectrophotometric determination of two antifungal drugs in pharmaceutical formulations using an ion-pair complexation reaction. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtusci.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dena ASA, Hassan WMI. Experimental and quantum mechanical studies on the ion-pair of levocetirizine and bromocresol green in aqueous solutions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 163:108-114. [PMID: 27038582 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LEV) was found to interact with bromocresol green (BCG) via ion-pair formation. UV-vis and FTIR spectroscopy were used to validate the data obtained from quantum mechanical calculations (QMC). The electrostatic potential maps show that the reaction is preferred through the interaction of the sulfonic acid group of BCG and the quaternary ammonium group of LEV. The optimized geometry of the product shows that there are six different intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the studied molecules resulting from the ionic attraction between the oppositely charged groups. The UV-vis spectra suggest the formation of an ion-pair. This finding is contradicting with the previous charge-transfer hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abo Dena
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), P.O. Box 29, Giza, Egypt; Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in Egypt (FUE), New Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Walid M I Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, B.O. 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Ashour S, Bayram R. Development and validation of sensitive kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of moxifloxacin antibiotic in pure and commercial tablets. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 140:216-222. [PMID: 25596545 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
New, accurate, sensitive and reliable kinetic spectrophotometric method for the assay of moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOXF) in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations has been developed. The method involves the oxidative coupling reaction of MOXF with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride monohydrate (MBTH) in the presence of Ce(IV) in an acidic medium to form colored product with lambda max at 623 and 660 nm. The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the increase in absorbance at 623 nm as a function of time. The initial rate and fixed time methods were adopted for constructing the calibration curves. The linearity range was found to be 1.89-40.0 μg mL(-1) for initial rate and fixed time methods. The limit of detection for initial rate and fixed time methods is 0.644 and 0.043 μg mL(-1), respectively. Molar absorptivity for the method was found to be 0.89×10(4) L mol(-1) cm(-1). Statistical treatment of the experimental results indicates that the methods are precise and accurate. The proposed method has been applied successfully for the estimation of moxifloxacin hydrochloride in tablet dosage form with no interference from the excipients. The results are compared with the official method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safwan Ashour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Aleppo, Aleppo, Syria.
| | - Roula Bayram
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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