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Box-Behnken Design (BBD) Application for Optimization of Chromatographic Conditions in RP-HPLC Method Development for the Estimation of Thymoquinone in Nigella sativa Seed Powder. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymoquinone (THY) is a bioactive compound present in the seed powder of Nigella sativa (NS). This research aims to precisely and accurately estimate THY using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a Quality by Design (QbD) application. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the chromatographic conditions for HPLC method development, taking mobile phase flow rate, pH of the buffer, and λmax as independent variables and retention time and tailing factor as the measured responses. The mobile phase composition was methanol: acetonitrile: buffer (2.2 mM ammonium formate) at the ratio of 35:50:15 v/v/v on a Symmetry® C18 (5 μm, 3.9 × 150 mm) column. In isocratic mode, it had a flow rate 0.9 mL min−1 and eluted analyte was detected at 249 nm. Validation parameters followed the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for the new HPLC method. The method was linear over the range 6.25–100 µg mL−1 with a coefficient of determination (r2) of 0.9957. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 2.05 and 6.25 µg mL−1, respectively. The %RSD of system suitability for retention time was 1.42% and for the tailing factor it was 0.695%. In addition, the developed method was precise, accurate, and robust according to ICH criteria. The developed HPLC method is simple, accurate, quick, and robust, and it could be used for the routine analysis of THY in different kinds of formulations.
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Samir A, Salem H, Abdelkawy M. Optimization of two charge transfer reactions for colorimetric determination of two beta 2 agonist drugs, salmeterol xinafoate and salbutamol, in pharmaceutical and biological samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 269:120747. [PMID: 34952438 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Beta 2 agonists are well known for their use in the treatment of asthma and COPD however in the last few years new indications of beta 2 agonist appeared like reduction of local fats and treatment of preterm labour which required the formulation of new dosage forms and administration strategies. The new developments require accurate, economic and feasible methods the determination of these drugs to facilitate testing the newly introduced dosage forms and to study the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics regarding the modern uses. In this study two rapid, sensitive and economic colorimetric methods for the determination of salmeterol xinafoate and salbutamol in pharmaceutical dosage forms and spiked plasma were developed and validated. The developed methods depends on the optimized reaction of the studied drugs with two charge transfer reagents, 2,3-dochloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquonone (DDQ) and chloranilic acid (CA) to produce coloured complexes measured at 460 and 529 nm for DDQ and CA respectively. The developed methods showed high accuracy of 99.52 ± 1.108, 101.03 ± 0.389, 100.04 ± 1.520 and 100.3 ± 0.951 for salmetrol xinafoate and salbutamol with DDQ and CA respectively. The proposed methods were successfully used for the determination of the studied drugs in their dosage forms and spiked plasma with high accuracy and precision and the results were compared to reported methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Samir
- Faculty of pharmacy, October University for Modern sciences and Arts, Egypt.
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Sanaei Y, Zeeb M, Homami SS, Monzavi A, Khodadadi Z. Fabrication of ZIF-71/Fe 3O 4/polythionine nanoarray-functionalized carbon cotton cloth for simultaneous extraction and quantitation of febuxostat and diclofenac. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30361-30372. [PMID: 35480239 PMCID: PMC9041133 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04670e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of a material based on carbonized cotton cloth/zeolite imidazolate framework was applied to ultrasound-assisted dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet to detect diclofenac and febuxostat in human plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Sanaei
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Zeeb
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Saied Homami
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Monzavi
- Department of Polymer and Textile Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Khodadadi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Gabani BB, Saini NK, Jairam RK, Shrinivas P, Trivedi RK, Srinivas NR, Mullangi R. Simultaneous determination of colchicine and febuxostat in rat plasma: Application in a rat pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4939. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeraj Kumar Saini
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Jubilant Biosys Ltd Bangalore India
| | - Ravi Kumar Jairam
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Jubilant Biosys Ltd Bangalore India
| | - Pavan Shrinivas
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Jubilant Biosys Ltd Bangalore India
| | - Ravi Kumar Trivedi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Jubilant Biosys Ltd Bangalore India
| | | | - Ramesh Mullangi
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Jubilant Biosys Ltd Bangalore India
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El-Shenawy AA, Abdelhafez WA, Ismail A, Kassem AA. Formulation and Characterization of Nanosized Ethosomal Formulations of Antigout Model Drug (Febuxostat) Prepared by Cold Method: In Vitro/Ex Vivo and In Vivo Assessment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 21:31. [PMID: 31858305 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1556-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Febuxostat (FXT) is a xanthine oxidase (XO) drug which indicated for the treatment of gout. FXT loaded nanosized ethosomes were prepared using cold method with varied concentrations of ethyl alcohol and soya lecithin (SL). The prepared ethosomes were characterized by size, entrapment efficiency (DEE), FT-IR, in vitro release, kinetic studies of in vitro release profile, in vitro skin permeation and deposition, and stability study. The selected ethosomal formulation was incorporated in HPMC gel and characterized for drug content, ex vivo diffusion study through rat skin, and in vivo study and determination of pharmacokinetic parameters using HPLC technique. The results of size analysis showed that minimum size was 124.2 ± 16.77 nm with PDI values between 0.2 and 0.6. The zeta potential was from - 43.5 ± 3.0 to - 20.6 ± 1.42 mV. DEE ranged from 48 to 86%. The results of in vitro skin permeation showed that the amount FXT permeated ranged from 43.33 ± 5.3 to 82.14 ± 5.8%, flux ranged from 14.85 to 28.02. The results of ex vivo study showed that the amount of FXT permeated from unprocessed FXT gel was 49.42 ± 3.29% which was lesser than from FXT ethosomal gel. The results of in vivo study showed that Cmax and tmax were significantly different and higher for transdermal administration of FXT than oral administration. The developed FXT nanosized selected ethosome-based transdermal drug delivery gel system would provide a promising method for better management of gout.
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Amin OM, Ammar A, Eladawy SA. Febuxostat loaded β-cyclodextrin based nanosponge tablet: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-019-00464-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hosny NM, Atia NN, El-Gizawy SM. A review on: Analysis of certain drugs used in gout treatment. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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A novel HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of febuxostat and diclofenac in biological samples: pharmacokinetic outcomes. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:41-54. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop a simple HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of febuxostat (FEB) and diclofenac (DIC) in biological samples to assess pharmacokinetic outcomes of their coadministration. Methodology & results: Sample preparation was performed by liquid–liquid extraction. Drugs analysis was done on C18 column using methanol-formic acid pH 2.1 (76:24, v/v) as mobile phase and time-programmed UV detection. Lower limits of quantitation for FEB and DIC were 10 and 20 ng/ml, respectively. Baseline pharmacokinetics were similar to published data on either drug alone. Coadministration led to more than twofold increase in FEB Cmax and AUC together with a reduced hepatic uptake in rats. Conclusion: DIC interfered with initial distribution and terminal clearance of FEB potentially due to reduced FEB hepatic uptake.
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Tandel D, Shah P, Patel K, Thakkar V, Patel K, Gandhi T. Salting-Out Assisted Liquid-Liquid Extraction for Quantification of Febuxostat in Plasma Using RP-HPLC and Its Pharmacokinetic Application. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1827-1833. [PMID: 27601045 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method using novel salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction technique has been developed for the quantitative determination of febuxostat (FEB), used for the treatment of gout, in rat plasma. The method was validated according to US FDA guideline. Separation was achieved using a Phenomenex Luna-C18 (250 × 4.60 mm, 5 µm) column and mobile phase composed of potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer 25 mM, adjusted to pH 6.8 with triethylamine:methanol in a ratio of 35:65 (v/v) showing retention time 5.56 and 8.86 min for FEB and internal standard, respectively. The optimal salting-out parameters; 1 mL of acetonitrile and 200 µL of 2 M ammonium acetate salt showed extraction recovery >90% for FEB from plasma. This extraction procedure afforded clear samples resulting in convenient and cost-saving procedure and showed good linear relationship (r > 0.9997) between peak area ratio and concentration from 0.3 to 20 µg/mL. The results of pharmacokinetic study showed that absorption profile of spherical agglomerate of FEB compared to marketed formulation was higher indicating greater systemic absorption. In conclusion, the developed SALLE-HPLC method with simple ultraviolet detection offered a number of advantages including good quantitative ability, wide linear range, high recovery, short analysis time as well as low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devang Tandel
- Department of Quality Assurance, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand-388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Purvi Shah
- Department of Quality Assurance, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand-388 001, Gujarat, India,
| | - Kalpana Patel
- Department of Quality Assurance, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand-388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Vaishali Thakkar
- Department of Quality Assurance, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand-388 001, Gujarat, India
| | - Kirti Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 001, India
| | - Tejal Gandhi
- Department of Quality Assurance, Anand Pharmacy College, Anand-388 001, Gujarat, India
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Younes KM, El-Kady EF, Elzanfaly ES. Determination of Febuxostat in Human Plasma Using RP-LC-UV Method. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1022-7. [PMID: 27068934 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive bioanalytical high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet detection was developed and validated for the quantification of febuxostat (FEB) in human plasma. Ketoprofen was used as an internal standard. The analytes were extracted from human plasma samples by precipitation with acetonitrile. The reconstituted samples were chromatographed on C18 Bondapack 10 µm, 250 × 4.6 mm, Waters Column (Ireland) by using a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.5% aqueous phosphoric acid (pH 3) (52 : 48, v/v) as the mobile phase. The chromatographic separation was isocratically performed at room temperature at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min with UV detection at 315 nm. The method exhibited a linear dynamic range over 0.05-5.00 µg/mL FEB in human plasma. The lower limit of quantification was 0.05 µg/mL. The results of the intra- and interday precision and accuracy studies were within the acceptable limits. The validated method was successfully applied for the determination of FEB in human plasma samples for application in bioequivalence studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem M Younes
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Hail University, King Saudi of Arabia
| | - Ehab F El-Kady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman S Elzanfaly
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, ET-11562 Cairo, Egypt
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