1
|
Aitken RJ. What is driving the global decline of human fertility? Need for a multidisciplinary approach to the underlying mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2024; 6:1364352. [PMID: 38726051 PMCID: PMC11079147 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2024.1364352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
An intense period of human population expansion over the past 250 years is about to cease. Total fertility rates are falling dramatically all over the world such that highly industrialized nations, including China and the tiger economies of SE Asia, will see their populations decline significantly in the coming decades. The socioeconomic, geopolitical and environmental ramifications of this change are considerable and invite a multidisciplinary consideration of the underlying mechanisms. In the short-term, socioeconomic factors, particularly urbanization and delayed childbearing are powerful drivers of reduced fertility. In parallel, lifestyle factors such as obesity and the presence of numerous reproductive toxicants in the environment, including air-borne pollutants, nanoplastics and electromagnetic radiation, are seriously compromising reproductive health. In the longer term, it is hypothesized that the reduction in family size that accompanies the demographic transition will decrease selection pressure on high fertility genes leading to a progressive loss of human fecundity. Paradoxically, the uptake of assisted reproductive technologies at scale, may also contribute to such fecundity loss by encouraging the retention of poor fertility genotypes within the population. Since the decline in fertility rate that accompanies the demographic transition appears to be ubiquitous, the public health implications for our species are potentially devastating.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eisenberg ML, Esteves SC, Lamb DJ, Hotaling JM, Giwercman A, Hwang K, Cheng YS. Male infertility. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2023; 9:49. [PMID: 37709866 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-023-00459-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Clinical infertility is the inability of a couple to conceive after 12 months of trying. Male factors are estimated to contribute to 30-50% of cases of infertility. Infertility or reduced fertility can result from testicular dysfunction, endocrinopathies, lifestyle factors (such as tobacco and obesity), congenital anatomical factors, gonadotoxic exposures and ageing, among others. The evaluation of male infertility includes detailed history taking, focused physical examination and selective laboratory testing, including semen analysis. Treatments include lifestyle optimization, empirical or targeted medical therapy as well as surgical therapies that lead to measurable improvement in fertility. Although male infertility is recognized as a disease with effects on quality of life for both members of the infertile couple, fewer data exist on specific quantification and impact compared with other health-related conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, Brazil
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Dolores J Lamb
- Center for Reproductive Genomics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - James M Hotaling
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Kathleen Hwang
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yu-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Is seminal quality worsening? A 20-year experience in Córdoba, Argentina. J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:1125-1134. [PMID: 35296953 PMCID: PMC9107558 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-022-02458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the possible variations in semen quality during the last 20 years in Córdoba, Argentina, and to identify possible causal lifestyle or genitourinary factors. METHODS Retrospective study of 23,130 patients attending an andrology laboratory. The 20-year period (2001-2020) was divided into four quinquenniums. Seminal parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, viability, and membrane functional integrity) were classified as normal or abnormal according to WHO, and results were expressed as percentage of patients abnormal for each parameter per quinquennium. In addition, the percentage of patients per quinquennium exposed to the different risk factors (daily alcohol and/or tobacco consumption; occupational exposure to heat or toxics; history of parotitis or varicocele; and high body mass index, BMI) was reported. RESULTS Patients included in our study did not show impairment in seminal quality over time. Beyond a transient decrease in normozoospermia in the second and third quinquennium, possibly explained by a parallel increase in teratozoospermia, other important parameters of the spermogram did not change. In fact, abnormalities in sperm concentration (oligozoospermia), total sperm count, viability and response to hypoosmotic test showed a decreasing trend over time. On the other hand, parotitis, varicocele, morbid obesity and regular exposition to heat/toxics were the factors more frequently associated with semen abnormalities; the last two increased their frequency over the study period. CONCLUSION The population included in this study did not show a clear impairment in semen quality during the last 20 years. The decreasing patterns found were associated with high BMI and exposure to heat/toxics.
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodríguez-Díaz R, Alcaide-Ruggiero L, Rodríguez-Fiestas S, Hess-Medler S, González-Pérez J, Gutiérrez ÁJ, Hardisson A, Rubio C, Paz S, González-Weller D, Blanes-Zamora R. Associations of Semen Quality with Seminal Non-essential Heavy Metals in Males from the Canary Islands. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:4525-4534. [PMID: 33565020 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Semen quality and levels of non-essential metals such as strontium (Sr), aluminum (Al), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and vanadium (V) were measured. Metals were determined by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry) in semen samples from 102 men who were recruited in a Reproduction Unit in the Canary Islands. The presence of each metal was as follows: Sr: 56.9%, Al: 73.5%, Pb: 45.1%, Ni: 15.7%, and V: 79.4% of the samples. No significant differences were found in the relationship between the spermiogram, the sperm motility, and the concentration of spermatozoa levels of non-essential metals. It is noteworthy that Ni levels tend to be lower in patients with oligozoospermia (t (46.4) = 1.84; p = 0.070). Between lifestyle and non-essential metals, there was a significant relationship between the level of occupational exposure to metals and Ni (χ2(2) = 13.91; p = 0.001). We did not find significant differences in non-essential seminal metal content and smoking status but, there were differences between drinkers and the concentration of V in semen (t (100) = -1.99; p = 0.050). The occupational exposure to metals and place of residence have effects on Al and V levels in semen. Regarding obesity, significant differences were found in Pb levels (t (18.0) = 2.34; p = 0.031). Obese patients have a lower Pb level, and the percentage of progressive sperm motility was lower in obese men (t (98) = 2.14; p = 0.035). The detection of metals in semen opens a new field in the study of male infertility with the possibility of performing treatments aimed at correcting these possible anomalies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubí Rodríguez-Díaz
- Human Reproduction Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Lourdes Alcaide-Ruggiero
- Human Reproduction Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Rodríguez-Fiestas
- Human Reproduction Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Stephany Hess-Medler
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Jonay González-Pérez
- Human Reproduction Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Rubio
- Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Soraya Paz
- Toxicology, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Blanes-Zamora
- Human Reproduction Unit, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vahidi S, Moein MR, Yazdinejad F, Ghasemi-Esmailabad S, Narimani N. Iranian temporal changes in semen quality during the past 22 years: A report from an infertility center. Int J Reprod Biomed 2020; 18:1059-1064. [PMID: 33426416 PMCID: PMC7778748 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v18i12.8027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous reports about temporal changes in semen quality from all over the world, the debates continue. The latest systemic review has shown an overtime decrease in semen quality worldwide. Objective To assess the temporal changes in the semen quality among Iranian population referred to an infertility center. Materials and Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study, semen parameters including concentration, motility, and morphology were compared between Iranian men reffered to Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd between 1990 to 1992 (group 1, n = 707) and 2010 to 2012 (group 2, n = 1108). Demographic characteristics and semen analysis were collected from the records. The effect of age on semen parameters was also investigated. Results Despite the increase in sperm concentration l in group 2, sperm with normal morphology decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Grade-A motility decreased (p < 0.001), grade B motility increased (p < 0.001), and grade C and D motile sperm remained constant (p = 0.303 and p = 0.315, respectively). Also, no significant correlation between the age and semen parameters were observed. Conclusion This study showed inconsistent temporal changes in the participant semen quality. Significant temporal decline were obtained between various semen parameters, sperm morphology and grade A motility. These results should be further evaluated by larger studies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serajeddin Vahidi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Moein
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yazdinejad
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeed Ghasemi-Esmailabad
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Abortion Research Center, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nima Narimani
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rahban R, Nef S. Regional difference in semen quality of young men: a review on the implication of environmental and lifestyle factors during fetal life and adulthood. Basic Clin Androl 2020; 30:16. [PMID: 33072332 PMCID: PMC7559360 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-020-00114-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of low semen quality and the incidence of testicular cancer have been steadily increasing over the past decades in different parts of the World. Although these conditions may have a genetic or epigenetic origin, there is growing evidence that multiple environmental and lifestyle factors can act alone or in combination to induce adverse effects. Exposure to these factors may occur as early as during fetal life, via the mother, and directly throughout adulthood after full spermatogenic capacity is reached. This review aims at providing an overview of past and current trends in semen quality and its relevance to fertility as well as a barometer of men’s general health. The focus will be on recent epidemiological studies of young men from the general population highlighting geographic variations in Europe. The impact of some lifestyle and environmental factors will be discussed with their role in both fetal life and adulthood. These factors include smoking, alcohol consumption, psychological stress, exposure to electromagnetic radiation, and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs). Finally, the challenges in investigating the influence of environmental factors on semen quality in a fast changing world are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Rahban
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Nef
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology (SCAHT), Switzerland and Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1206 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Esteves SC, Agarwal A, Majzoub A. Unraveling the utility and limitations of clinical practice guidelines. Transl Androl Urol 2017; 6:S506-S508. [PMID: 29082955 PMCID: PMC5643648 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2017.03.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Daoud S, Sellami A, Bouassida M, Kebaili S, Ammar Keskes L, Rebai T, Chakroun Feki N. Routine assessment of occupational exposure and its relation to semen quality in infertile men: a cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:902-907. [PMID: 28618741 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1605-47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Concerns about the detrimental effects of occupational and environmental exposure on male reproductive function have been raised by reports of declining sperm quality over the last decades. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between altered semen parameters and exposure to occupational risk factors as assessed by questionnaire. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study among a population of 2122 men who underwent andrological investigation for couple infertility. All participants were interviewed and their semen samples were analyzed. Information about medical history and occupational exposure was used to classify participants into exposed and unexposed groups. RESULTS Exposure to pesticides was associated with a significantly higher risk of asthenozoospermia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.4) and necrozoospermia (OR = 2.6; 95% CI, 1.4-4.7). Exposure to cement was found to be correlated with a higher risk of oligozoospermia (OR = 1.1; 95% CI, 0.9-1.4). There was no association between semen impairment and exposure to solvents, excess heat, or mechanical vibrations. CONCLUSION We found an association between self-reported occupational exposure and altered semen parameters. These results support the usefulness of questionnaires for routine assessment and management of occupational exposures in infertile men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salima Daoud
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afifa Sellami
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mehdi Bouassida
- Urology Department, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sahbi Kebaili
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Ammar Keskes
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tarek Rebai
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nozha Chakroun Feki
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sengupta P, Borges E, Dutta S, Krajewska-Kulak E. Decline in sperm count in European men during the past 50 years. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:247-255. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117703690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate whether the sperm concentration of European men is deteriorating over the past 50 years of time. Materials and Methods: We analysed the data published in English language articles in the past 50 years in altering sperm concentration in European men. Results: A time-dependent decline of sperm concentration ( r = −0.307, p = 0.02) in the last 50 years and an overall 32.5% decrease in mean sperm concentration was noted. Conclusion: This comprehensive, evidence-based meta-analysis concisely presents the evidence of decreased sperm concentration in European male over the past 50 years to serve the scientific research zone related to male reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Sengupta
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
- Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - E Borges
- Fertility Medical Group, Avenida Brigadeiro Luiz Antônio, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Dutta
- Faculty of Science, Lincoln University College, Malaysia
| | - E Krajewska-Kulak
- Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Spermatogenesis in humans and its affecting factors. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 59:10-26. [PMID: 27143445 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is an extraordinary complex process. The differentiation of spermatogonia into spermatozoa requires the participation of several cell types, hormones, paracrine factors, genes and epigenetic regulators. Recent researches in animals and humans have furthered our understanding of the male gamete differentiation, and led to clinical tools for the better management of male infertility. There is still much to be learned about this intricate process. In this review, the critical steps of human spermatogenesis are discussed together with its main affecting factors.
Collapse
|
11
|
Borges E, Setti AS, Braga DPDAF, Figueira RDCS, Iaconelli A. Decline in semen quality among infertile men in Brazil during the past 10 years. Int Braz J Urol 2015; 41:757-63. [PMID: 26401870 PMCID: PMC4757006 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the semen quality of men undergoing conventional semen analysis is deteriorating over time. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed and compared the sperm count, motility and morphology of 2300 semen samples provided by males undergoing conventional seminal analysis, from years 2000 to 2002 and 2010 to 2012. The incidences of severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia over time were also compared. RESULTS A total of 764 sperm samples were analyzed in 2000-2002 and 1536 in 2010-2012. Over time, the mean sperm concentration/ml decreased significantly from 61.7 million in 2000-2002 to 26.7 million in 2010-2012 (R2 = 11.4%, p < 0.001), the total sperm concentration decreased significantly from 183.0 million to 82.8 million (R2 = 11.3%, p < 0.001), and the percentage of normal forms decreased significantly from 4.6% to 2.7% (R2 = 9.8%, p < 0.001). The incidence of severe oligozoospermia significantly increased from 15.7% to 30.3% (OR: 1.09, p < 0.001) and the incidence of azoospermia increased from 4.9% to 8.5% (OR: 1.06, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a significant time-related decline in semen quality of infertile patients. This finding might have implications on fertility and emphasizes the need for further studies addressing subject's life-style in order to find and reduce the causative agents. Future prospective and multicenter studies including representative samples of the general population are needed to confirm whether semen quality is really declining.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edson Borges
- Fertility, Centro de Fertilização Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
- Instituto Sapientiae, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Amanda Souza Setti
- Fertility, Centro de Fertilização Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
- Instituto Sapientiae, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Daniela Paes de Almeida Ferreira Braga
- Fertility, Centro de Fertilização Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
- Instituto Sapientiae, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Assumpto Iaconelli
- Fertility, Centro de Fertilização Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
- Instituto Sapientiae, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa em Reprodução Humana Assistida, São Paulo, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cocuzza M. RE: Clinical relevance of routine semen analysis and controversies surrounding the 2010 World Health Organization criteria for semen examination. Int Braz J Urol 2015; 41:181-3. [PMID: 25928527 PMCID: PMC4752074 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2015.01.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Cocuzza
- Department of Urology, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, HCFMUSP
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Eladak S, Grisin T, Moison D, Guerquin MJ, N'Tumba-Byn T, Pozzi-Gaudin S, Benachi A, Livera G, Rouiller-Fabre V, Habert R. A new chapter in the bisphenol A story: bisphenol S and bisphenol F are not safe alternatives to this compound. Fertil Steril 2014; 103:11-21. [PMID: 25475787 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely studied typical endocrine-disrupting chemical, and one of the major new issues is the safe replacement of this commonly used compound. Bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) are already or are planned to be used as BPA alternatives. With the use of a culture system that we developed (fetal testis assay [FeTA]), we previously showed that 10 nmol/L BPA reduces basal testosterone secretion of human fetal testis explants and that the susceptibility to BPA is at least 100-fold lower in rat and mouse fetal testes. Here, we show that addition of LH in the FeTA system considerably enhances BPA minimum effective concentration in mouse and human but not in rat fetal testes. Then, using the FeTA system without LH (the experimental conditions in which mouse and human fetal testes are most sensitive to BPA), we found that, as for BPA, 10 nmol/L BPS or BPF is sufficient to decrease basal testosterone secretion by human fetal testes with often nonmonotonic dose-response curves. In fetal mouse testes, the dose-response curves were mostly monotonic and the minimum effective concentrations were 1,000 nmol/L for BPA and BPF and 100 nmol/L for BPS. Finally, 10,000 nmol/L BPA, BPS, or BPF reduced Insl3 expression in cultured mouse fetal testes. This is the first report describing BPS and BPF adverse effects on a physiologic function in humans and rodents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soria Eladak
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Tiphany Grisin
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Delphine Moison
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Marie-Justine Guerquin
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thierry N'Tumba-Byn
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Stéphanie Pozzi-Gaudin
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital A. Béclère, Université Paris Sud, Clamart, France
| | - Alexandra Benachi
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital A. Béclère, Université Paris Sud, Clamart, France
| | - Gabriel Livera
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Virginie Rouiller-Fabre
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - René Habert
- Unit of Genetic Stability, Stem Cells, and Radiation, Laboratory of Development of the Gonads, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 967, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Esteves SC. Clinical relevance of routine semen analysis and controversies surrounding the 2010 World Health Organization criteria for semen examination. Int Braz J Urol 2014; 40:443-53. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
|